Unit-2-Robots-動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件-新課標(biāo)-選修七

Unit-2-Robots--動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)課件-新課標(biāo)-選修七第一頁，共43頁。Billfeltgreatpleasurewhenhetriedhisnewfaxmachineanditworked.2.HefeltpityforClairebecauseshewasoverweightandneededtoloseaboutfivekilostolookslim.3.EventhoughJanetoldhimmanytimestogoaway

herbrotherstillaccompaniedhertothedoctor.

Rewritethesesentencesusingwordsorphrasesofsimilarmeaningfromthetexttoreplacetheunderlinedparts.

satisfaction,testedoutsympathyleave…alone第一頁第二頁，共43頁。4.HergreatestwishwastolookaselegantasGladysClaffern.5.PleasecallmebeforeyoubuyanewdigitalcamerasoIcangowithyou.6.Shelooked

atthecomputerscreencarefullyhopingtofindsomenewemailsinhermailbox.

7.Itwasridiculousthathisownmotherwouldnottalktohimabouttheaffair.8.Hefelthappywhenhisbossstatedthathecouldsetasidesometimeforexercise.

desirering…

upscannedabsurddeclared第二頁第三頁，共43頁。(News,16/04/2321)Historicalresearchshowsthatinthe22ndcenturymanypeopletoldstoriesabouthow,atonetime,peoplecouldbuyrobotsashousedecorators.Therobotswould_____theliteratureforthelatestideasinhomedecoration.Oftentherobotswould_______designsthatweregranderthantheirownerswanted.Brightlycoloured_________and_________wouldbesuggestedtogetherwithbrightlypatternedwallsandcarpets.2.Completethefollowingparagraphusingthewordsandphraseintheirproperforms.

turnaroundscanawfulalarmclerkcushiondeclarefavourbedding

scanfavourcushionsbeddings第三頁第四頁，共43頁。Someofthe_______intheshopsthoughtthatthedesignswere_______.Whilesomeownerswerefirmwiththeirrobot’ssuggestions,otherswould______________andwalkoutoftheshop,feelingembarrassed.Afewotherrobotswouldevengetintophysicalfightswiththeirownersinpublicastheirelectricalsystemssometimeswouldsetofftheshops’_______.Afterawhilethegovernmentdecidedsuchbehaviourwasnotappropriateandpassedalaw_________robotsshouldnotleavethehouse.Sorobotsbecamehouseholdcleanersorindustrialworkersinstead!clerksawfulturn

aroundalarmsdeclaring第四頁第五頁，共43頁。GrammarPassiveVoice第五頁第六頁，共43頁。一.復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)(RevisethePassiveVoice)

英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語態(tài)（theactivevoice）和被動(dòng)語態(tài)（thepassivevoice）兩種形式。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者;被語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Everyoneenjoysexcitingsports.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))Excitingsportsareenjoyedbyeveryone.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))第六頁第七頁，共43頁?！?/p>

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):be+done

（以thebook,publish

為例）一般現(xiàn)在/過去時(shí)：

Thebook____________________.

一般/過去將來時(shí):

Thebook_________________________.Thebook__________________________.

現(xiàn)在/過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

Thebook__________________________.

現(xiàn)在/過去完成時(shí):Thebook___________________________.

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：

Thebook_______________________________.is/waspublishedwill/wouldbepublishedis/wasgoingtobepublishedis/wasbeingpublishedhas/hadbeenpublishedcan/could/may/might…bepublished第七頁第八頁，共43頁。一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在am/is/aredone過去was/weregiven

將來shall/willbedone時(shí)式常見主被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)變化一覽表(以動(dòng)詞do為例）am/is/arebeing

donehas/havebeendonewas/werebeing

donehadbeen

doneshall/willhavebeen

done第八頁第九頁，共43頁。Musicisbeingtaught(byMissLi)now.轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：用公式表示為:(主動(dòng))S+V+OS(O)+V(be+pp)+by+O(S),

如：MissLiisteachingmusicnow.

第九頁第十頁，共43頁。不定式被動(dòng)式講與練不定式語法不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，時(shí)態(tài)共四種，即一般式、完成式、進(jìn)行式和完成進(jìn)行式。語態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如下表所示。第十頁第十一頁，共43頁。語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone進(jìn)行式tobedoing/完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing/第十一頁第十二頁，共43頁。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

1.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有兩種形式：

1）一般式

（not/never）tobedone

2）完成式

（not/never）tohavebeendone

第十二頁第十三頁，共43頁。Themeetingtobeheldisofgreatimportance.Iwanttogohome.Hewantstobeinvited.Examples:第十三頁第十四頁，共43頁。

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語是動(dòng)詞不定式所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。第十四頁第十五頁，共43頁。e.g.Heorderedthebridgetobebuiltwithinthemonth.他命令在月內(nèi)建成這座橋。(一般被動(dòng)式)Shewasgladtohavebeengivensomuchhelp.得到如此多的幫助,她很高興。(完成被動(dòng)式)第十五頁第十六頁，共43頁。1.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法:不定式的一般被動(dòng)式即表示其邏輯主語是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者,又表示其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生;不定式的完成被動(dòng)式即表示其邏輯主語是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者，又表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。第十六頁第十七頁，共43頁。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)在句子中的作用

1)做主語（常用it做形式主語）

Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.

被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@兒發(fā)言是我的榮幸。

2)做表語

ThepartyistobeheldnextSaturdayevening.Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby….Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.第十七頁第十八頁，共43頁。3)做賓語

Shedidn’tliketobetreatedasachild.Hepretendedtohavebeenbeatenbyhisstep-father.

他要求被派往新疆工作。4)做賓語補(bǔ)足語

Tonyexpectedthehousetobecompletelytransformed.

他希望這封信馬上打印出來。

Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.SheaskedtobesenttoworkinXinjiang.第十八頁第十九頁，共43頁。5）做定語

Areyougoingtothemeetingtobeheldintheteachers’office?

英國人對(duì)即將在倫敦舉行的奧運(yùn)會(huì)感到驕傲。TheEnglishareproudoftheOlympicGamestobeheldinLondon.6）做狀語

Shewastooyoungtobeassignedsuchwork.

他匆忙趕到訂票處（bookingoffice）卻被告知所有的票都賣完了。Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonlytobetoldthatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.第十九頁第二十頁，共43頁。不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義NOTICE1.

Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不定式的主動(dòng)和被

動(dòng)式來修飾主語，區(qū)別不大。

Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.

(多用主動(dòng)形式)

沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.第二十頁第二十一頁，共43頁。2.在“主語+表語（形容詞）todo”中，主語也是

不定式的邏輯賓語,即不定式動(dòng)詞和主語之間是

動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.

（分析：answer(動(dòng))------thisquestion（賓））

★

注意：

如果動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，則要注意介詞的搭配。

Johnisdifficulttodealwith.

（分析：_________(動(dòng))----________(賓)）如：這扶手椅坐起來很舒服。這題目很難算出來。dealwithJohnThearmchairiscomfortabletositinThequestionisdifficulttoworkout第二十一頁第二十二頁，共43頁。“主語+表語（形容詞）todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。第二十二頁第二十三頁，共43頁。3.在“too…todo;enough…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(tobeworkedout)．Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.第二十三頁第二十四頁，共43頁。4．在“with+n+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：

Withnothingtodo，helayinbed．

Withsomanyexercisestodo，Ican‘tgotothecinema．第二十四頁第二十五頁，共43頁。5.不定式作后置定語，與被修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但又與該句主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)

）

Hehasnothingtoeat.

分析：eat動(dòng)→nothing賓/he主→eat謂

Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.

分析：_____動(dòng)→________賓/_____主→_____謂

這個(gè)優(yōu)雅的女人有事情要宣布。readabookyoureadTheelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.第二十五頁第二十六頁，共43頁?！锉容^：

Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)

Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.

(意思為：Igetsb.totypetheletter)

1)I’llgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything____________(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes____________(wash),

sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes___________(wash)tobetakentobewashedtowash★注意：若句中沒有不定式動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)，不定式則必須用被動(dòng)式。第二十六頁第二十七頁，共43頁。

6.當(dāng)不定式隱含在forsbtodo結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí)。例如：

Thisisthebestbooktoread(=forus／youtoread)．

Theimportantthingtodoistolockthedoorwhenweleavethehouse．

7.一些作表語用的不定式的主動(dòng)形式。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et(出租),rent,hire,blame等。例如：

Thehouseistolet．

Ifeltlwastoblame.第二十七頁第二十八頁，共43頁。1.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only____thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldBExercise

第二十八頁第二十九頁，共43頁。2.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappears____everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentoldD第二十九頁第三十頁，共43頁。3.LittleTomshouldlove____tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingA第三十頁第三十一頁，共43頁。4.Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto____manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto____plasticsproducts.A.make;usingB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;useA第三十一頁第三十二頁，共43頁。5.Withalotofproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledC第三十二頁第三十三頁，共43頁。6.He___andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didn’tunderstandB.didn’tbeunderstoodC.wasn’tunderstandD.wasn’tunderstoodD第三十三頁第三十四頁，共43頁。7.Visitors____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedD第三十四頁第三十五頁，共43頁。8.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea____withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.servedB第三十五頁第三十六頁，共43頁。1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputer

to____________(repair).2.Iknewhim___________________(catch)by

thepolice.3.Avoteisrequired______________(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Thismakesitpossibleforthem________(make)metalsintoanyrequiredshapes.5.Dickspedonthemotorwayonly____________(fine).6.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved______________(steal)it.berepairedtohavebeencaughttobetakentomaketohavestolentobefined練習(xí)第三十六頁第三十七頁，共43頁。7.Ihope_______________(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto____________________(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_________________(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Thesentenceiseasy______________(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_____________.(read)12.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____________(receive)intimeforChristmas.13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter______________(notdrive)afterdrinking.totranslatetobewelcomedhavebeentranslatedtobeadmittedbereadingtobereceivednottodrive第三十七頁第三十八頁，共43頁。14.Hearingthegoodnews,hewastooexcited____________(speak).15.Ithappened______________(rain)whenIgotthere.16.Iamterriblysorry___________(lose)yourkey.17.Iamsorry__________(say)thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.18.Heasked______________(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.19.Whathehopedwas______________(admit)intotheuniversity20.Hegottothestationonly________(find)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.21.Iamsorry________________(keep)youwaitingsolong.tospeaktoberainingtohavelosttosaytobesenttobeadmittedtofindtohavekept第三十八頁第三十九頁，共43頁。22.Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_________(explain)whathehadlearnt.23.Myadvisorencouragedme_________(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.24.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),b