高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊 Welcome unit 語法：八大基本句型素材

1、SV(主語+謂語)Class│begins.Thepoorman│died.Theredsun│isrising.Whathewillsay│doesnotmatter.Theboy’sdream│cametrue.Theplane│haslanded.Thewritingclass│hadjustbegun.You│cantakepart.→主語+不及物動詞(短語)常見的不及物動詞有：rise、matter、begin、come、go、happen、last、appear、work、cometrue、takeplace等2、SVO(主語+謂語+賓語)Thestudent│hasknown│theanswer.He│doesn’tknow│them.You│shouldnotgiveup│studying.He│refused│tohelpthem.Tim│said│thathecouldspeakChinese.She/willmake/newfriends.Everyoneintheteam/exchanged/cellphonenumbers.She/loves/dancing.Ourschool/willhold/asportsmeeting.Myhobbies/include/travellingandswimming.→主語+及物動詞(短語)+賓語用作賓語的有：名詞、代詞、不定式、動名詞、從句等。3、SP(主語+表語)Somegirls│arehappyandexcited.This│isanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Yourstory│soundsinteresting.Hisface│turnedred.Thebaby│fellasleepsoon.Thegirl│remainedawakeallthenight.Hisadvice│isofgreathelp.Myfather’shope│isthatIcangohomefrequently.Thecake/tastes/sweet.She/was/alittleanxious.Allofthem/were/amazed.Thesesuggestions/are/ofgreathelp.→主語+系動詞+表語系動詞有：①be動詞類:am、is、are、was、were②感官動詞類:look、sound、feel、smell、taste等③漸變動詞類:get、grow、become、turn、go、fall等④靜態(tài)動詞類:keep、remain、stay等表語由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、不定式、從句充當。

4、SVIODO(主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語)Hercousin│gave│her│anewdress.He│showed│me│howtorunthemachine.I│told│him│thatthebuswaslate.Wouldyouplease│pass│me│thatdictionary?=Wouldyouplease│pass│thatdictionarytome?He│bought│hismother│anewsweater.=He│bought│anewsweaterforhismother.Myfather/bought/me/acomputer.MrLin/gave/us/anencouragingtalk.You/hadbetterbuy/yourfriend/asmallgift.You/canoffer/me/someinformation.→主語+謂語動詞+間賓(人)+直賓(物)間賓前用介詞to的動詞有g(shù)ive、tell、teach、write、bring、lend、hand、show、offer、send、pay、order等。間賓前用介詞for的動詞有buy、fetch、save、choose、sing等。5、SVOC(主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語)They│kept│thedoor│green.He│had│me│standingallthemorning.He│made│thegirl│cryjustnow.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.Ioften│find│him│atwork.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.He│requested│me│nottomakenoises.He/found/thehomework/easy.Myteacher/wants/me/tospendmoretimereading.We/mustkeep/ourschool/clean.I/wish/you/totellmethetruth.Weall/hear/him/readEnglishaloudeverymorning.→主語+謂語動詞+賓+賓補該句式常用于三類動詞:①使役動詞:keep、make、let、have、leave、get等②感官動詞:see、watch、notice、observe、find、catch、lookat、listento、hear、feel、smell等③ask/tell/order/request/permit/persuade/...sbtodosth等。用作賓語補足語的可以是：形容詞、介詞短語、動詞-ing、不定式、副詞、過去分詞等。

6、SVA(主語+謂語+狀語)Everything│goes│well.Thepen│writes│smoothly.He│hasbeenstanding│there.They│talked│forhalfanhourlastnight.Hisparents│haveworked│inthecompanyfortenyears.She│wasreading│whenhermothercamein.Thebaby/slept/peacefully.Thelesson/continued/foranotherhour.Theexhibition/willstart/onJune21andlast/foraweek.Hopefully,/you/cantakepart.I/willwork/hard.狀語是：用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子的一種成分,表示時間、地點、方式、原因、目的、結(jié)果等?？捎茫焊痹~、介詞短語、從句等作狀語。7、SVOA(主語+謂語+賓語+狀語)Thegirl/enjoys/reading/inthemorning.Theman/raised/hisarms/abovehishead.He/refused/tohelpthem/atlast.She/wasdoing/herhomework/intheclassroom.He/put/thedictionary/inthebackpack.I/saw/her/justnow.She/stopped/teachingEnglish/twoyearsago.She/respondedto/myletter/quickly.8、Therebe...存現(xiàn)句（在某處有某物）Thereis/ateacherandtwogirlsinourclassroom.Therewere/twoboysandagirlunderthetreejustnow.Therearen’t/anypicturesonthewall.Therelives/atigerintheforest.Thereseems/tobesomethingwrongwiththemachine.Therehappened/tobenobodyaround.Thereis/a