高中人教版英語(yǔ)必修5作業(yè)Unit1Greatscientists單元測(cè)評(píng)

第一單元測(cè)評(píng)(主題語(yǔ)境:人與社會(huì)——社會(huì)服務(wù))(時(shí)間:120分鐘滿(mǎn)分:150分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前,你都有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀題目;聽(tīng)完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。M:Howmucharethesebags?W:Theredonessellfor$5.5eachandthegreenonesfor$6.8each.M:I’lltaketwoofthecheaperonesthen.1.Whatisthemangoingtobuy?A.$5.5foraredone.B.$13.6fortwogreenones.C.$11fortworedones.答案CM:Mr.Cheng’sbriefingseemstogoonforever.Iwashardlyabletostayawake.W:Howcouldyousleepthroughthat?Ithinkitwasveryimportantfortheworkwearegoingtocarryout.M:Sorry!IpromiseI’lllistencarefully.2.Whatisthefeelingoftheman?A.Hefeltsleepy.B.Heistiredoflistening.C.Theworkisimportant.答案BW:Whatdoyouplantodoonyourvacation?M:I’mjustgoingtobelazyathome.Iwillprobablydosomegardening,watchTVandworkonmystampcollection.However,Ioncevolunteeredtoprotectourplantsinthewest.3.Whatisthemangoingtodoforhisholiday?A.Stayathome.B.Collectstamps.C.Volunteerinthewest.答案AM:Youcansitinmyplaceifyoulikeawindowseat.W:Oh,it’sverykindofyou,butmineisrightoverawing.Iwouldbeabletoseeanything.Thanksanyway.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaplane.B.Inatrain.C.Inarestaurant.答案AM:What’sthematterwithyou,Mary?Youlookedtired.W:Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight.M:Maybeastomachacheorheadache?W:Neither.Thenoisealmostdrovememad.5.Whydidn’tMarysleepwell?A.Shehadaheadache.B.Shehadastomachache.C.Shewastroubledbynoise.答案C第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至8題。M:I’dliketomakeanappointmentwiththedoctor,please.W:OK.HowaboutthedayaftertomorrowonWednesdayat4:00pm?M:Doyouhappentohaveanopeninginthemorning?W:Um...Howabouttomorrowat8:00amorThursdayat8:15am?M:Uh,doyouhaveanythingearlier?W:No,I’msorry.M:Well,inthatcase,tomorrowwouldbefine.W:What’sthepurposeofyourvisit?M:Well,totellyouthetruth,Ifellfromaladdertwodaysagowhilepaintingmyhouse,andmyfootlandedinacananditwasbadlyhurt.6.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.答案A7.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hewashitbyaladder.B.Hebrokehisleg.C.Hehurthisfoot.答案C8.WhichstatementofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Theappointmenttimeisquitefittotheman.B.Theappointmenttimeisn’tquitefittotheman.C.Themancan’tgotothehospital.答案B聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第9至11題。W:Doyouhaveanythingparticularonthisevening?M:No,I’vegotalotoftimetokill.W:Well,then.Won’tyoueovertodinnerandhaveagameofmahjongafterwards?M:Withpleasure.W:Youwerenotsoeageraboutmahjongbefore.M:That’sbecauseIdidn’tknowthefunofplayingitthen.Whyismahjongsuchapopulargame,doyouknow?W:I’vegotnoidea.Ionlyknowthatforeignersarebeginningtotakeaninterestinit,besidestheiroldcardgames.M:That’sright.Someofthemarealreadyexperts.W:Indeedtheyare.Butthetroubleaboutmahjongisonceyou’reinterestedinit,youcan’tsheditoff.M:Yes.OnceIwentcrazyoverotherhobbiessuchasstampcollectingandreading,butIfindthemveryboringnow.W:I’msureyourformerhobbiesaremorebeneficial.M:Ican’tdenythat,andIcan’thelpit,either.W:Thebell’sringing.Thatmustbeourpartners.9.Whatdoesthewomanbelieve?A.Mahjongisabeneficialhobby.B.Mahjongcanbeeanaddiction.C.Mahjongistooboringtoplay.答案B10.Whataretheygoingtodonow?A.Teachtheirpartners.B.Learnoldcardgames.C.Playmahjonggames.答案C11.Whatisforeigners’hobby?A.Playingmahjongonly.B.Playingoldcardgamesandmahjong.C.Playingtheiroldcardgames.答案B聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第12至14題。W:How’syourfirstdayonthejobgoing?M:Fine.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Tellme,haveyoueverusedafloorpolishingmachinebefore?M:No,Ihaven’t.Couldyoushowmehow?W:Certainly.First,spraythewaxonthefloor.M:Isee.W:Then,pressheretoturnthemachineon...Okaysofar.M:Ifollowyou.W:Then,polishthefloorwithabackandforthmotionlikethis.Doyouthinkyou’vegotthat?M:Yes,I’msureIwon’thaveanytrouble.W:Makesureandletmeknowifyouhaveanyquestions.M:OK.Thanks.12.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Amanager. B.Asalesman. C.Acleaner.答案C13.Whatisn’tneededforhisjob?A.Acopyingmachine.B.Wax(蠟).C.Afloorpolishingmachine.答案A14.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthem?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.答案B聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第15至17題。M:IsthistableonthecornerOkay?W:Sure.Wecansithere.M:Gee.You’vehardlygotanythingonyourplate.W:Yeah.IguessI’mjustnotthathungry.M:What’sthematter?Aren’tyoufeelingwell?W:Well,I’vebeenreallyworried.It’smycar.It’sintheshopagain.M:Really?What’swrongthistime?W:Idon’tknowexactly.Something’swrongwiththebrakes,Ithink.M:Well,atleastthatshouldn’tcostyoumuchtofix.PartsarecheaperforalltheAmericancarslikeyours.Didthemechanicsayhowmuchitwouldcost?W:Hesaidhewouldcallmelatertodayaboutthecost.M:Watchouthedoesn’ttrytotakeadvantageofyou.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Well,somecarmechanics,iftheythinkthatsomeonedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcars,theymighttrytooverchargethatperson.W:Maybeso.ButItrustthisman.Hehasdonesomeworkformeinthepastandhispricesseemedtobefair.M:Oh,that’sgoodtoknow.MaybeI’lltryusinghiminthefuture.Bytheway,doyouneedaridehomeafterclasstoday?15.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Themechanicmighttrytooverchargeher.B.There’ssomethingwrongwithhercar.C.Goodmechanicsarenotavailable.答案B16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermechanic?A.Hetakesadvantageofher.B.Heisreliable.C.Heoverchargesher.答案B17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaschool. B.Inashop. C.Inapark.答案A聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。M:Mary,Iusuallymissveryimportantdatesandfeelconfused.Haveyoueverforgottenanappointmentatthedoctor’sorbeenlateingettingtoyourparttimejob?W:Occasionally,butI’dliketoshowyoumytips.Surethatthesedifficultieshappentoeverybody.However,youcanavoidsuchproblemsifyouwriteoutschedules.Theywillhelpyoutofindouthowmuchtimeyouhavetodothethingsthatareimportantaswellasthosethatarefun.Amasterschedulecanbeusedtofindouthowmuchtimeyoureallyhaveforactivities.Thisschedulelistsalloftheactivitiesthatmustplete.Aweeklyschedulecanalsobeusedtohelpyouplantimeforthethingsthatyoureallyliketodo.Yourweeklyscheduleshouldincludetimeforactivities.Italsoshouldincludeactivitiesthatwillhelpyoutoachievelifetime,longtermandshorttermgoals.Finally,itshouldincludeyourstudytimeandfreetime.Freetimeisnecessarysothatyoucanmakeneededchangesinyourschedule.Adailyscheduleisafinalsuggestiontohelpyouplanyourtime.18.Howmanydifferentschedulesarementioned?A.Five. B.Four. C.Three.答案C19.Whatcanyouuseyourdailyscheduletodo?A.Toachievethelongtermgoals.B.Toplanthetimewell.C.Toachieveshorttermgoals.答案B20.Whatdoes“amasterschedule”mean?A.Aschedulewithalltheimportantthingsandtimeusedtofinishit.B.Ascheduleyoumaketoyourself.C.Ascheduleyoumakeforyourboss.答案A第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2020·天津高考)Forpeoplewhoareinterestedinsound,thefieldofsoundtechnologyisdefinitelymakingnoise.Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday’ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.Soundcanbeusedasaweapon.Imaginethatapoliceofficerischasingathief.Thethieftriestoescape.Andtheofficercan’tlethimgetaway.Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.Thethiefdropstotheground.ThisnewweaponiscalledaLongRangeAcousticDevice(LRAD,遠(yuǎn)程定向聲波發(fā)射器).Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.ThenoisefromtheLRADisdirectedlikearayoflightandtravelsonlyintotheearsofthatperson,butitisnotdeadly.Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet,soundcannowcreatesilence.Let’ssayyouareattheairport,andthelittleboyontheseatnexttoyouishumming(哼唱)ashortmercialsong.Hehumsitoverandoveragain,andyouareabouttogocrazy.ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.OnemaywonderhowtheSilenceMachineworks.Well,itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheiningsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.Thetwosetsofwavescanceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineon,pointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietesback.Directedsoundisanewtechnologythatallowspaniestousesoundinmuchthesamewayspotlights(聚光燈)areusedinthetheater.Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a“spotsound”createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.Directedsoundisalsobeginningtoappearinshoppingcentersandevenathomes.21.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph2abouttheeffectoftheLRAD?A.Itcausestemporaryhearingloss.B.Itslowsdownarunningman.C.Itmakesiteasytoidentifyasuspect.D.Itkeepsthesuspectfromhurtingothers.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句內(nèi)容可推知,LRAD能造成當(dāng)事人暫時(shí)性聽(tīng)力喪失,但并不致命。22.Whatfeaturedospotsoundsandspotlightsshare?A.Theytravelincircles.B.Theycleartheatmosphere.C.Theycanbetransformedintoenergy.D.Theycanbedirectedontoaspecificarea.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句內(nèi)容可知,兩者的相同之處在于,它們都集中在一個(gè)特定的區(qū)域。23.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Howprofessionalsinventedsoundproducts.B.Inventionsinthefieldofsoundtechnology.C.Thegrowinginterestinthestudyofsound.D.Howsoundengineersworkintheirstudios.答案B解析主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容,并結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容可知,這篇文章主要介紹了在聲音技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的一些發(fā)明。BIleftEnglandforSydneyinSeptember.Itwasacareermoveformyhusband,andour20yearolddaughterwasfeelingadventurousanddecidedtoe,too.However,justbeforeleavingEngland,my79yearoldmothersufferedastroke(中風(fēng)).Beingstrongandindependent,shecontinuedtoliveathomewiththehelpofsocialservices.Butshecouldn’tlookafterthegarden.Ithoughthowwonderfulitwouldbeiftherewasanorganizationofferingvolunteerhelp.FriendsaskedmewhatIplannedtodoinAustralia,andItoldthemIwouldbelookingforavolunteerpositionwithagardeningorganization.ImaginemysurprisewhenIfoundjusttheorganizationIhadbeenlookingfor—EasyCareGardening(ECG)!ThereareseveralreasonswhyIvolunteerforECG.Firstly,asanewertoAustraliaImeetmanygreatpeoplewho,likeme,volunteersomeoftheirtime.Wecoveralargeagerange,butalllovegardensandhelpingothers.Secondly,throughworkingwithECGIhavebeenluckyenoughtoexploreSydney’sNorthShorethatImightnothavehadtheopportunitytovisitotherwise.Finally,thereareallthosewonderfulpeoplewhowecall“clients(客戶(hù))”,butaremorelikefriendswhenwevisitthemoftenandhelpwiththeirgardens.WhatgreatpeopleIhavemet,andstoriestheyhavetotell—thefamilyhistories,wheretheyefromandthereasonsforimmigratingtoAustralia.Ifinditaprivilege(特權(quán))tohaveaccesstoprivategardenswhich,inmanycases,havebeenthejoyoftheirownersformanyyears.Eachoneisindividualandreflectsthecharacter,needsandthehistoryofeachfamily.Indeed,thegardensreflectthehistoricalbackgroundofSydney.24.WhydidtheauthormovetoSydney?A.Sheplannedtovolunteerthere.B.Herhusbandwouldworkthere.C.Shewasverykeenonadventures.D.Shehadtolookafterhersickmother.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itwasacareermoveformyhusband”可知,作者移居悉尼是因?yàn)樗煞虻墓ぷ髯儎?dòng),故選B項(xiàng)。25.Whatmadetheauthorchoosetobeagardeningvolunteer?A.Herownexperience.B.Thetipsofherfriends.C.ThepopularityofECG.D.Hergardeningskills.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,justbeforeleavingEngland,my79yearoldmothersufferedastroke(中風(fēng))...Butshecouldn’tlookafterthegarden.Ithoughthowwonderfulitwouldbeiftherewasanorganizationofferingvolunteerhelp.”可知,作者的母親因?yàn)橹酗L(fēng)無(wú)法照料花園,因此作者希望有一個(gè)能提供園藝志愿服務(wù)的組織。所以,作者選擇成為一名園藝志愿者是因?yàn)樗约旱慕?jīng)歷。故選A項(xiàng)。26.WhatdothevolunteersatECGhaveinmon?A.Theymakefriendswiththeirclients.B.TheyliketoexploreSydney’sNorthShore.C.Theyareofsimilarageandbackground.D.Theyarekindheartedwiththesameinterest.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Wecoveralargeagerange,butalllovegardensandhelpingothers.”可知,ECG的志愿者雖然年齡跨度很大,但是都熱愛(ài)花園和幫助他人。D項(xiàng)“他們都很熱心腸,有著同樣的愛(ài)好。”符合文意,故選D項(xiàng)。27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“one”inParagraph4referto?A.Client. B.Reason. C.Garden. D.Joy.答案C解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞所在句的前一句“Ifinditaprivilegetohaveaccesstoprivategardenswhich,inmanycases,havebeenthejoyoftheirownersformanyyears.”可知,作者覺(jué)得能夠進(jìn)入私人花園是一種特權(quán),在許多情況下,私人花園都是花園主人的樂(lè)趣所在。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和畫(huà)線詞所在句的前后句子中的“gardens”可知,“one”指的就是“garden”,故選C項(xiàng)。CCharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife.In1842,DarwinandhiswifeEmmamovedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbance(煩擾)aspossible.Theyalreadyhadtwochildrenthen,andwouldgoontohaveeightmoreinthecountry.Darwinhadveryregular(有規(guī)律的)habits.Heroseearlyandwentforawalk.Afterbreakfastheworkedinhisstudyuntil9:30am,hismostproductivetimeoftheday,andthenreadhisletterslyingonthesofabeforereturningtowork.Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetoinspect(查看)hisexperiments.Thenhewouldgoforanotherwalkaroundanareaofwoodland.Whilewalkingonhis“thinkingpath”,Darwinwouldconsiderhisunsolvedscientificproblems.Afterlunchhereadthenewspaperandwroteletters.Hisnetworkoffriendsprovidedinformationfromallcornersoftheworld.TheDarwinswerenotverystrictparentsandthechildrenwerealwaysseenrunningwild.Theirfatherworkedpatientlytoabackgroundofplayfulshoutsandlittlefootstepswalkingpasthisstudydoor.AfterdinnerDarwinplayedbackgammon(agamefortwopeopletoplay)withhiswife.Heoncewrote,“Nowtheresultwithmywifeinbackgammonstandslikethis:she...haswononly2,490games,whileIhavewon,hurrah(acheerofjoyorvictory),hurrah,2,795games!”Althoughhehadpoorhealth,Darwincontinuedtopublish(出版)alotofcreativeworksuntilhisfinalbookin1881cameout.Hediedthefollowingyear,aged73.Ratherthanaquietspaceinthelocalchurchyard,whichhecalled“thesweetestplaceonEarth”,Darwinwasgivenastatefuneral(國(guó)葬)inLondon’sWestminsterAbbey.28.WhydidtheDarwinsmovetoKent?A.Todomoreexperiments.B.Tocuttheircostofliving.C.Toenjoymorepeacefulness.D.Tobetogetherwiththeirchildren.答案C解析推理判斷題。由第一段中的“movedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbanceaspossible”可知,達(dá)爾文夫婦搬家是為了免受外界的打擾,以享受更多的寧?kù)o。29.WhatdidDarwindoeveryday?A.Hestudiedinthewoods.B.Hestartedtoworkat9:30am.C.Hewrotelettersinthemorning.D.Heexaminedhisexperiments.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetoinspecthisexperiments.”可知,達(dá)爾文每天會(huì)去查看實(shí)驗(yàn)的進(jìn)展情況。30.WhatdidDarwin’schildrenprobablythinkofhim?A.Strict. B.Warm. C.Cold. D.Brave.答案B解析推理判斷題。由第五段中的“Theirfatherworkedpatientlytoabackgroundofplayfulshoutsandlittlefootstepswalkingpasthisstudydoor.”可推知,在孩子們眼里,父親達(dá)爾文應(yīng)該很溫和。31.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Darwin’sscientificachievements.B.Darwin’sunusualstatefuneral.C.Darwin’spersonallife.D.Darwin’slargefamily.答案C解析主旨大意題。首段第一句即文章主旨句“CharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife.”。本文描寫(xiě)了英國(guó)著名科學(xué)家達(dá)爾文寧?kù)o的個(gè)人生活。DStephenHawkingisperhapstheworld’smostfamouslivingphysicist.Tothepublic,he’sbestknownasanauthorofbestsellerssuchasTheUniverseinaNutshellandABriefHistoryofTime,whichhavebroughtanappreciationoftheoretical(理論上的)physicstomillions.Heisregardedashavingoneofthebrightestmindsontheplanet.Butoutstandingastrophysicist(天體物理學(xué)家)StephenHawkinghasadmittedthathedidnotlearntoreaduntilhewaseightyearsold.InapubliclectureattheRoyalAlbertHall,ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity,wherehestudiedphysics,andthatonlythenewsthathemightdieyoungfrommotorneurone(運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元)diseasemadehimfocusonhiswork.ProfessorHawkingsaid,“MysisterPhilippacouldreadbytheageof4butthenshewasbrighterthanme.”Hesaidthathewasmonatschoolandwasneverfurtherthanhalfwayuphisclass.“Myclassworkwasveryuntidy,andmyhandwritingwasverybadintheteachers’eyes,”hesaid.“ButmyclassmatesgavemethenameEinstein,soprobablytheysawsignsofsomethingbetter.”Buthesaidthatitwaswhendoctorstoldhimthatheprobablyonlyhadafewyearstoliveattheageof21thathebegantofocusonhiswork,whichresultedinsomeofhisearlyachievements.Hesaid,“Whenyouarefacedwiththepossibilityofanearlydeath,itmakesyourealizethatlifeisworthlivingandtherearelotsofthingsyouwanttodo.”HawkingservesasLucasianProfessorofMathematicsattheUniversityofCambridge,wherehecontinuestocontributetobothhighlevelphysicsandthepopularunderstandingofouruniverse.32.WhenStephenHawkingstudiedinOxfordUniversity,hewas.

A.clever B.lazyC.bright D.mean答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity”可知,他在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)并不積極主動(dòng),故選B項(xiàng)。33.WhatmadeStephenHawkingdevotehimselftohiswork?A.Patience. B.Knowledge.C.Disease. D.Laziness.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InapubliclectureattheRoyalAlbertHall,ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity,wherehestudiedphysics,andthatonlythenewsthathemightdieyoungfrommotorneurone(運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元)diseasemadehimfocusonhiswork.”可知,是“運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)元疾病”促使他有所作為。故選C項(xiàng)。34.FromwhomdidHawkinggetafairjudgmentwhenhewasatschool?A.Hissister. B.Hisclassmates.C.Histeachers. D.Hisparents.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButmyclassmatesgavemethenameEinstein,soprobablytheysawsignsofsomethingbetter.”可知,盡管老師不看好他,同學(xué)們?nèi)越o他“愛(ài)因斯坦”的綽號(hào),他們看到了霍金身上優(yōu)秀的一面。故選B項(xiàng)。35.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Hawkingdidn’trealizehisdreamsinphysics.B.Hawkingsucceededinoveringthefearofanearlydeath.C.Thepurposeofthedoctorwastoencouragehimtoworkhard.D.ThedoctorwarnedHawkingthathislifemightbetakenawaybyhardwork.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,霍金有可能要面對(duì)英年早逝的不幸事實(shí),但是他沒(méi)有被這個(gè)不幸的消息嚇到,而是努力戰(zhàn)勝疾病,取得了很大的成就。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyoulearnanewsubject,youmayalwaysconsiderhowmuchtimeyouneedtotrulyunderstanditall.Herewegiveyousomeadviceabouthowtostudy,soyou’llbeabletotakeonmoreinformationwithshorterstudysessions(時(shí)段).?Studyinsmallsessions.Ourabilitytostoretheinformationwetakereduces(降低)afteraround30minutes,soyou’dbettercutyourstudyingsessionsintosmallerparts.36

?Findastudyarea.Don’tstudyinaplacewhereyousleep!Don’tstudyinyourbed,whereyouplaygames,orinfrontoftheTV.Why?37Youneedtoprogramyourmindtostudyinaplacewhereyoualwaysstudy.

?Takegoodnotes.38Andreviewthemafterclasstoincreaseyourunderstanding.

?39Tobeagoodstudent,youshouldbeagoodteacher.Youcannotteachsomethingyoudonotknow.

?Readyourtextbookeffectively(有效地).AlwaysusetheSQ3Rmethod.Youneedtosurvey,question,read,recite(背誦),reviewtoactively,remembertheinformation.40

A.Trainyourmind.B.Justreadingitisnotenough.C.Bereadytoteachwhatyou’velearned.D.It’sagoodideatostudyinafamiliarplace.E.Youcandosomefunactivitiesduringyourbreaks.F.Findanotetakingmethodthatworksbestforyou.G.Doingsowillonlymixupyourmindastowhattodo.答案36~40EGFCB第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.ThedayarrivedwhenIwastobetestedtoseeifIcould41toahigherlevelclass.

Fifteenofuswereto42swimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.Iwatchedasmy43,onebyone,triedandfailed.Thenitwasmyturnto44,Imean,myturntotrytopassthetest.ItwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot45.Iimmediatelystoppedand46thesideofthepool,endingmytest.Ourinstructor,acollegestudent,wasstandingaboveme.“Whydidyou47?”heasked,inalessthan48voice.“Igotwaterinmynose,”I49.

That’swhenthiscollegestudent50meoneoflife’sgreatlessons,51heprobablyneverrealizedthat.Bendingdown,heshouted,“So?”

“So?”The52shockedme.Ithadjustseemed53tomethattheanswertopainwastoremovethethingcausingthe54.Mynineyearoldbrainhadnotunderstoodthefactthatavaluable55isworthachieving,howeverdifficulttogetthere.Recognizingthat,Iwas56nothingwouldkeepmefrompletingthetest.Infact,Ididitrather57onmynextattempt.Seeingme58thetest,almostalltheothersdidsoaswell.

Lifeisajourney,andtheroadwon’t59beeasy.Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination,notthe60alongtheroad.

41.A.skip B.refer C.advance D.add答案C解析作者講述了自己九歲的時(shí)候游泳考試的一段經(jīng)歷。挖空處所在句子表示作者要參加游泳考試以便確認(rèn)能否“升級(jí)到”更高一個(gè)層次的課程,advanceto“達(dá)到(某地等),前進(jìn)到”符合語(yǔ)境。42.A.taketurns B.insistonC.takerisks D.putoff答案A解析根據(jù)下一句中的“onebyone”可知,作者和同學(xué)們是“輪流”進(jìn)行考試的,taketurnsdoingsth.“輪流做某事”符合語(yǔ)境。insiston“堅(jiān)持”;takerisks“冒險(xiǎn)”;putoff“推遲”。43.Apetitors B.classmatesC.students D.instructors答案B解析根據(jù)首段首句“Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.”可知,作者參加了一個(gè)游泳班,由此可知,作者觀看的是“同班同學(xué)”輪流考試,所以答案是classmates。petitor“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者”;student“學(xué)生”;instructor“指導(dǎo)者”。44.A.show B.leave C.fail D.observe答案C解析上文講到,作者眼看著他的同學(xué)們一個(gè)跟著一個(gè)進(jìn)行游泳考試,但都失敗了,接下來(lái),輪到自己“失敗”了,所以答案是fail。show“顯示,顯出”;leave“離開(kāi)”;observe“觀察”。45.A.injured B.blamed C.trapped D.choked答案D解析根據(jù)下文中的“Igotwaterinmynose”可知,作者在游泳考試中被水“嗆”著了,getchoked“被嗆著了”。由此可知答案是choked。getinjured“受傷”;getblamed“被責(zé)備”;gettrapped“被困住”。46.A.pushed B.pressedC.grabbed D.controlled答案C解析作者被水嗆到后馬上停止了游泳,“抓住”了泳池的邊,結(jié)束了考試。grab“抓住”符合語(yǔ)境。push“推”;press“按,壓”;control“控制”。47.A.stop B.bend C.fear D.stand答案A解析作者因?yàn)楸凰畣苤Ｖ沽擞斡究荚?抓住了泳池的邊,此時(shí),他的教練,一個(gè)大學(xué)生,正站在他的上方,問(wèn)他為什么“停止”。所以答案是stop。48.A.surprised B.pitiful C.annoyed D.cold答案B解析作者因?yàn)楸凰畣苤Ｖ沽丝荚?抓住了泳池的邊。結(jié)合下文可知,此時(shí),教練用毫不“同情的”聲音問(wèn)作者:“你為什么不游了?”所以答案是pitiful“同情的”。surprised“吃驚的”;annoyed“煩惱的”;cold“冷淡的,不友好的”。49.A.explained B.reacted C.declined D.urged答案A解析當(dāng)教練用毫不同情的聲音質(zhì)問(wèn)作者為什么停止游泳的時(shí)候,作者“解釋”說(shuō):“我的鼻子進(jìn)水了。”所以答案是explained“解釋”。react“反應(yīng)”;decline“拒絕,謝絕”;urge“敦促”。50.A.delivered B.owed C.taught D.promised答案C解析teachsb.alesson是固定短語(yǔ),意思是“給某人一個(gè)教訓(xùn)”,符合語(yǔ)境,所以答案是taught。deliver“遞送”;owe“欠”;promise“許諾”。51.A.sothat B.asif C.incase D.evenif答案D解析作者感慨,這個(gè)大學(xué)生,也就是教練,給了他人生中一個(gè)很大的教訓(xùn),“雖然”他(教練)很可能并沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。evenif“雖然,即使”符合語(yǔ)境。sothat“以便”;asif“好像”;incase“以防”。52.A.problem B.excuse C.question D.voice答案C解析表示這個(gè)“問(wèn)題”使作者很吃驚,所以答案是blem“難題”;excuse“理由,借口”;voice“聲音”。53.A.logical B.illegalC.unnecessary D.impossible答案A解析在作者看來(lái),解決痛苦的辦法就是清除引起“不適”的事物,這似乎是“合乎邏輯的”,所以答案是logical“合乎邏輯的”。illegal“違法的”;unnecessary“沒(méi)必要的”;impossible“不可能的”。54.A.disaster B.disfortC.damage D.fear答案B解析參見(jiàn)上題解析。disaster“災(zāi)難”;disfort“不舒服,不適”;damage“破壞,毀壞”;fear“害怕”。55.A.result B.advantageC.goal D.task答案C解析作者九歲的腦袋此前還不明白這個(gè)事實(shí):一個(gè)有價(jià)值的“目標(biāo)”是值得實(shí)現(xiàn)的,無(wú)論實(shí)現(xiàn)它有多么難。goal“目標(biāo)”符合語(yǔ)境。result“結(jié)果”;advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì),長(zhǎng)處”;task“任務(wù)”。56.A.concerned B.sensitiveC.embarrassed D.sure答案D解析作者意識(shí)到無(wú)論多么難,一個(gè)有價(jià)值的目標(biāo)是值得實(shí)現(xiàn)的之后,“確信”什么也阻擋不了自己完成這次考試。sure“確信的,有把握的”符合語(yǔ)境。concerned“擔(dān)心的”;sensitive“敏感的”;embarrassed“難堪的”。57.A.slowly B.easilyC.clumsily D.eagerly答案B解析作者在堅(jiān)定了信心之后,在下一次的嘗試中,很“輕易地”通過(guò)了考試,所以答案是easily“容易地,輕易地”。slowly“緩慢地”;clumsily“笨拙地”;eagerly“熱切地,渴望地”。58.A.attend B.take C.give D.pass答案D解析根據(jù)第二段中的“myturntotrytopassthetest”及該段中的“Ididitratheronmynextattempt”可知選D項(xiàng)。

59.A.always B.sometimesC.ever D.seldom答案A解析生活如同一次旅行,道路不會(huì)“總是”平坦的。所以答案是always“總是”。sometimes“有時(shí)候”;ever“曾經(jīng)”;seldom“很少”。60.A.sights B.barriersC.surprises D.harvests答案B解析我們要關(guān)注最終的目的地,而不是沿途的“障礙”。所以答案是barrier“障礙”。sight“景象”;surprise“令人驚奇的事物”;harvest“收獲”。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ高考)Chinahasbeethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e4probe(探測(cè)器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoo