非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-過(guò)去分詞的用法

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-過(guò)去分詞的用法第一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ)第一頁(yè)第二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),表示分詞動(dòng)作與所修飾的名詞之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。單一的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前;過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在被修飾之后,過(guò)去分詞及過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)均可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)第二頁(yè)第三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。①及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)除表示“完成”的動(dòng)作之外,還表示“被動(dòng)”的意義。如：spokenEnglish；icedbeer；cookedfood;friedchips;

不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞常表示“完成”的動(dòng)作,而不表示“被動(dòng)”意義。如:boiledwater;fallenleaves，therisensun等。

1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent．

2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers．

第三頁(yè)第四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Thegroundiscoveredby_________

(fall)leaves.fallen

PastParticipleusedasattribute

第四頁(yè)第五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Sheisdrinking_________(boil)water.boiledSheisdrinkingthewaterwhichwas

boiled.第五頁(yè)第六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

②動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

1.Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?

今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎?

(=thathasbeenplannedfortonight)2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．

這次會(huì)議有很多人出席,開(kāi)得很成功。

(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)

第六頁(yè)第七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。破損的窗戶很快就會(huì)被換掉。______________________willbereplacedsoon.=Thewindowwhichwasbrokenwillbereplacedsoon.昨天買(mǎi)的書(shū)確實(shí)不錯(cuò)。Thebooks_______________areofhighquality.=thebookswhichwereboughtyesterdayareofhighquality.Thebrokenwindowboughtyesterday第七頁(yè)第八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplepeoplewhoareterrifiedreservedseatsseatswhicharereservedpollutedwaterwaterthatispollutedacrowdedroomaroomthatiscrowdedapleasedwinnerawinnerwhoispleased第八頁(yè)第九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written高考題第九頁(yè)第十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。3)TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoods

throughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenbought

D.buying第十頁(yè)第十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。5)Mr.Smith,____ofthespeech,startedtoreada____novel.A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring第十一頁(yè)第十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài),且該狀態(tài)通常是由外界因素引起的。這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞可以被看作一個(gè)形容詞,是形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞。如:①I(mǎi)’minterestedinreadingnovelswrittenbyJinYong.②Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved．③Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea．

動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語(yǔ)第十二頁(yè)第十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(關(guān)閉的)；astonished(吃驚的)；crowded(擁擠的)；experienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的);delighted(高興的)；lost(丟失的)；gone(遺失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(擔(dān)憂的)；interested(感興趣的)tired(疲勞的)pleased(高興的)；satisfied(滿意的)；surprised(吃驚的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等

第十三頁(yè)第十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

作表語(yǔ)的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修飾。Iwasverypleasedatthenews．

聽(tīng)了這消息我很高興。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework．

他十分厭倦這工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.

聽(tīng)了這想法他似乎很高興。第十四頁(yè)第十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

PastParticipleusedaspredicativeTheshopis_________(close).closed第十五頁(yè)第十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget______(pay)bythehour.

paid第十六頁(yè)第十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Therearetwoglasseswhichare_______(break).brokenThereare

two

broken

glasses.第十七頁(yè)第十八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。astonishedchildrenchildrenwholookastonishedabrokenvaseavasethatisbrokenacloseddooradoorthatisclosedatrappedanimalananimalthatistrappedthetiredaudiencetheaudiencewhofeeltiredCompletethetablewithphrases

thathavethesamemeaning.第十八頁(yè)第十九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。1)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed2)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating高考題第十九頁(yè)第二十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示“被動(dòng)”或“完成”意義，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback．Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt．第二十頁(yè)第二十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。(1)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等。Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillofbyothers.我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)有人說(shuō)他的壞話。Shefeltagreatweighttakenoffhermind．她覺(jué)得心里輕松了些。Theyconsideredthemattersettled．他們認(rèn)為這問(wèn)題解決了。第二十一頁(yè)第二十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

(2)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞包括make,get,have,keep,leave,hold等。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth．我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood．他正努力使別人聽(tīng)懂自己。Sheheldherhandspressedagainstherface.她用雙手按著臉。第二十二頁(yè)第二十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。①(請(qǐng)人)把某事做完。

Shehadherhouserepaired．她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut?你在哪兒理的發(fā)?“have+賓語(yǔ)+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義：第二十三頁(yè)第二十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

②遭遇某種意外情況。Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome．在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday.昨天她的錢(qián)包被偷了。第二十四頁(yè)第二十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

③完成某事(自己也可能參與)。Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected．我把所有的拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤都改正了。Hehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear．他今年已存了1000元。第二十五頁(yè)第二十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

(3)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞包括like，want,wish,expect,order等”這一類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Hewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting．他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問(wèn)題。ThestudentswishtheTVserialplays

continued．學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。第二十六頁(yè)第二十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。(4)過(guò)去分詞用在“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Withmanybrightlycoloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden．周?chē)N了許多色彩鮮艷的花,他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。

第二十七頁(yè)第二十八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。1.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她變了很多。___________________________________.2.什么使他們這樣害怕？_________________________________.3.他不想讓這樣的問(wèn)題在會(huì)上討論。

Hewon’tlikesuchquestions_____________________WefoundhergreatlychangedWhatmadethemsofrightened?discussedatthemeeting第二十八頁(yè)第二十九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。1)---Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?---I’dliketohavethispackage_____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed高考題第二十九頁(yè)第三十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。2)Themissingboyswerelastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played3)Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout第三十頁(yè)第三十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。4)Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad________wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired第三十一頁(yè)第三十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)可表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨等意義。過(guò)去分詞狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句,若過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),句子的主語(yǔ)與分詞所表示的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,即是該分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ)第三十二頁(yè)第三十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。ChinaPavilionWhen

ChinaPavilionisseenfromthedistance,itlookslikeaChinesecrown(皇冠).Whenseen

fromthedistance,ChinaPavilionlookslikeaChinesecrown.第三十三頁(yè)第三十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

Footprints東方足跡

Becausethetreesweredecoratedwithcolorfullights,theymadeanexcellentimpressiononus.Becausedecoratedwithcolorfullights,

thetrees

madeanexcellentimpressiononus第三十四頁(yè)第三十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

Ifwearegivenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.

TheDialogue尋覓之旅If

givenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.第三十五頁(yè)第三十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。WeenteredSection3–lowcarbonexhibition,aswewerefollowedbyagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels.

TheVision低碳行動(dòng)Followed

byagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels,WeenteredSection3–lowcarbonexhibition.第三十六頁(yè)第三十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。WhatwefeltafterthetripThough

wewereexhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.

Though

exhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.第三十七頁(yè)第三十八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。高考題___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If___thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven第三十八頁(yè)第三十九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。3._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared4.___inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed第三十九頁(yè)第四十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。5.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited6.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

A.beginsB.havingbegun

C.beginningD.begun第四十頁(yè)第四十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。7.____forhisexpertadvice,Holmeswasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.A.HewasknownB.WellknownC.HavingknownD.Beenknown第四十一頁(yè)第四十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別:①在定語(yǔ)中

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)常表示“主動(dòng)”和“進(jìn)行”,過(guò)去分詞則常表示“被動(dòng)”和“完成”;被修飾的名詞一般是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ),是過(guò)去分詞的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。Iknowthemanstandingthere.主動(dòng)Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?

被動(dòng)第四十二頁(yè)第四十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)?，F(xiàn)在分詞:表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞:表示完成的意思

therisingsun正在升起的太陽(yáng)therisensun已經(jīng)升起的太陽(yáng)

thefallingleaves正在落下的葉子thefallenleaves落葉（已經(jīng)完成）

boilingwater沸騰的水

boiledwater開(kāi)水第四十三頁(yè)第四十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

過(guò)去分詞和V-ing形式都可以看做一個(gè)形容詞，但是：

表主動(dòng)的,進(jìn)行的，---含有“令人……”之意

表被動(dòng)的,完成的，---含有“感到……”之意V-ing形式過(guò)去分詞②在表語(yǔ)中第四十四頁(yè)第四十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Atthesightofthe________scene,allthepeoplepresentwere_________totears.看到這么動(dòng)人的情景,所有在場(chǎng)的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。movemovedmoving第四十五頁(yè)第四十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Weget__________whenweseethis__________picture.excitedexcitingexcite第四十六頁(yè)第四十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;tiring,tired;pleasing,pleased;astonishing,astonished等。英語(yǔ)中這樣的分詞還有很多,如：第四十七頁(yè)第四十八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。注意:

作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài),構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作:Thebookiswellwritten.(表語(yǔ))Thebookwaswrittenbyasoldier.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))第四十八頁(yè)第四十九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。③在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)中現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),被補(bǔ)足的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)(即主動(dòng)關(guān)系);過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),被補(bǔ)足的賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)是它的邏輯賓語(yǔ)(即被動(dòng)關(guān)系)。如:Iheardsomeonecallingme.Iheardmynamecalled. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人喊我。第四十九頁(yè)第五十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。④在狀語(yǔ)中

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)與現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別在于:過(guò)去分詞與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,而現(xiàn)在分詞與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系。Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitybeautiful.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful.第五十頁(yè)第五十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。實(shí)戰(zhàn)高考第五十一頁(yè)第五十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。1._______(污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.2.Theproblem____________________(在會(huì)議上討論的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.Polluteddiscussedatthemeeting完成句子。第五十二頁(yè)第五十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。3.Hebecame______(興奮)whenheheardhehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam_________(感興趣)inthestory.5.Ihaven’tgotthefilm________(沖洗)yet.6.Doyouknowtheman_______(站)besidethedoor?excitedinteresteddevelopedstanding第五十三頁(yè)第五十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

7.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.8.Someofthepeople_______(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.9.Thereisacar_______(park)outsidethehouse.astonishedinvitedparked第五十四頁(yè)第五十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。

10.Theexperience_______(gain)willbeofgreatvaluetous.11.Theseseatsare_______(reserve)foryou.12.Thelibraryis______(close)onweekends.13.Don’tdrinkthe_______(pollute)water.14.The________(worry)motherlookedather________(worry)son,looking_______(worry).gainedreservedclosedpollutedworriedworryingworried第五十五頁(yè)第五十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。單項(xiàng)選擇：1.Youcanmakeyourself______inEnglishprettywellifyoukeeponspeakingthelanguage.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood2.----Thereisaholeinyourbag.----Iknow.I’mgoingtohaveit________.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemendedDC第五十六頁(yè)第五十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。3.----Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?----Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made4.Englishisalanguage____allaroundtheworldandisthe_____languageofmostinternationalorganizations.tospeak,workingB.spoken,workingC.speaking,workedD.spoken,workedBB第五十七頁(yè)第五十八頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。5.A:Whoarethosepeoplewiththebanner?B:Agroup____itselftheLeagueforPeace.A.callingB.callsC.calledD.iscalled6.Therewasaterriblenoise_____asuddenburstoflight.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedAB第五十八頁(yè)第五十九頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。7.Howtofeeda____populationisaproblemthatis_____manypeople.growing,troublingB.grown,troubledC.growing,troubledD.grown,troubling8.Hefoundamagazine_____withtheowner’sname_____onthedeskwiththebackcover_____off.marking,lying,tornB.marked,lying,tornC.marked,laid,tearingD.marking,laying,tearingAB第五十九頁(yè)第六十頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。9.Fromthedates____onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked10.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents____.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry第六十頁(yè)第六十一頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。11.With____leaves____intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried12.Friendshipislikemoneyeasiermadethan____.A.keptB.tobekeptC.tokeepingD.beingkept第六十一頁(yè)第六十二頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。13.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known14.Johnrushedoutinahurry,____thedoor____.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockingD.toleave;unlocking第六十二頁(yè)第六十三頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。15.Thegirl____forwardtobuyinganewgoldwatch.A.referredtolookB.referredtolookingC.referredtolooksD.referringtolooks16.Thedisc,digitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded第六十三頁(yè)第六十四頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。17.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,____as3M.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown18.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit______oftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explainedBD第六十四頁(yè)第六十五頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。19.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome____.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted20.Hetriedto_______inJapanese.A.understandhimselfB.makehimselfunderstandingC.makehimselfunderstoodD.maketounderstand第六十五頁(yè)第六十六頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。Heglancedoverather,___thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.havingnotedB.notedC.tonoteD.noting22._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing第六十六頁(yè)第六十七頁(yè)，共74頁(yè)。23.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt24.____in1636,Harvardis