2023年06月六級(jí)真題（第1套）

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試2023年6月真題(第一套)Writing (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentii“Knowledgeisatreasure,butpracticeisthekeytoit.〃Youcanciteonee)illustrateyourpointofview.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan2CListeningComprehension (30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofayouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenyouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarketD).Thenmarkthecorrespond!ngletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughtheConversationOneQuestions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Persuadethemantojoinhercompany.C)foreignmarkets.Employthemostup-to-datetechnology.D)Expandtheirdomesticbusiness.A)Thestatesubsidizessmallandmediumenterprises.Thegovernmenthascontroloverbicycleimports.Theycancompetewiththebestdomesticmanufacturers.Theyhaveacostadvantageandcanchargehigherprices.A)ExtracostsmighteatuptheirprofitsabMoreworkerswillbeneededtodopackaging.Theymightlosetoforeignbikemanufacturers.Itisverydifficulttofindsuitablelocalagents.A)Reporttothemanagement. C)Conductafeasibilitystudy.Attractforeigninvestments. D)Consultfinancialexperts.ConversationTwoQuestions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)CoalburntdailyforthecomfortofourhAnythingthatcanbeusedtoproducepower.Fuelrefinedfromoilextractedfromunderground.Electricitythatkeepsallkindsofmachinesrunning.A)OilwillsoonbereplacedbyalternativeOilreservesintheworldwillbeexhaustedinadecade.Oilconsumptionhasgivenrisetomanyglobalproblems.Oilproductionwillbegintodeclineworldwideby2025.7.A)Minimizetheuseoffossilfuels.7.Deprivingcommonpeopleoftherighttocleanair.Givingprioritytotheoryratherthanpracticalaction.Offeringpreferentialtreatmenttowealthycountries.Failingtopasslawstocurbenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto?Themassiveburningoffossilfuels.Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld.Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworld.HowcanhumanbeingsaccomplishthegoalofprotectingtheplantaccordingtotheByshowingrespectforplants.Bypreservingallformsoflife.Bytappingallnaturalresources.Bypoolingtheireffortstogether.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernotjusttosurvive?Expandthesphereofliving.Developnature?spotentials.Sharelifewithnature.Allocatetheresources.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChi.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.2023年是中國(guó)城苴化(urbanization)進(jìn)程中地歷史性時(shí)刻，其城市人口首次超過(guò)農(nóng)村人匚預(yù)計(jì)約有3.5億農(nóng)村人口將移居到城市。如此規(guī)模地城市發(fā)展對(duì)城市交通來(lái)說(shuō)既是挑戰(zhàn)，也是:直提倡〃以人為本〃地發(fā)展理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們以公交而不是私家車出行。它還號(hào)召建設(shè)〃資源節(jié)今會(huì)。有了這個(gè)明確地目標(biāo)，中國(guó)城市就可以更好地規(guī)劃其發(fā)展，并把大量投資轉(zhuǎn)向安全、清潔:地發(fā)展上。Startdevelopingalternativefuels.Findtherealcauseforglobalwarming.Takestepstoreducethegreenhouseeffect.A)TheyreleaseharmfulsubstanceswhentheyTheydissolveinthewaterandcauseawasteofwater.Theyreleasepoisonousgasandleadtopollution.Theyareburnedinefficientlyresultinginawasteofresources.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpass8threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce,question,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andcorrespond!ngletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theabilitytopredictfashiontrends,practicalexperience.Arefinedtasteforartisticworks.D)Strictprofessionaltraining.A)PromotingallkindsofAmericanhand-madeStrengtheningcooperationwithforeigngovernments.Conductingtradeinartworkswithdealersoverseas.Purchasinghandicraftsfromallovertheworld.A)Shehasaccesstofashionablethings.Sheisdoingwhatsheenjoysdoing.Shecanenjoylifeonamodestsalary.Sheisfreetodowhatevershewants.PassageTwoQuestions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Joininneighborhoodpatrols.Getinvolvedinhiscommunity.Voicehiscomplaintstothecitycouncil.Makesuggestionstothelocalauthorities.A)Deteriorationinthequalityoflife.Increaseofpolicepatrolsatnight.Renovationofthevacantbuildings.Violationofcommunityregulations.A)Theymaytakealongtimetosolve.Theyneedassistancefromthecity.Theyhavetobedealtwithonebyone.Theyaretoobigforindividualefforts.A)HehadgotsomegroceriesatabigdiscouHehadreadafunnyposternearhisseat.Hehaddoneasmalldeedofkindness.Hehadcaughtthebusjustintime.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfol.fourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,yoibestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorresj:AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)ThedifficultiesofindustrializationinTheinfluenceofindustrializationonpeople,slife.ThenegativeeffectofindustrializationinNorthAmerica.Improvedwaysoforganizingthemanufacturingofgoods.17.anextendedworkA)ToprovideanexampleofhowentrepreneiB)0D)ToprovideToprovide17.anextendedworkA)ToprovideanexampleofhowentrepreneiB)0D)ToprovideToprovideToprovidesystem.anexampleanexampleanexampleofhowentrepreneursusedtechnologicalimprovementstoinofhowruralworkersrespondedtoshoebosses.ofhowchangesintheworksystemimprovedthequalityofA)Theywerelocatedawayfromlargecities.B)Theyusednewtechnologytoproducepower.C)Theydidnotallowflourtocoolbeforeitwasplacedinbarrels.D)Theycombinedtechnologywiththeworksystem.A)Itbecameeasierforfactoryownerstocustomers.B)Manufacturershadtoemploymorehighlyskilledworkers.C)Theamountofpowerrequiredforfactories'operationwasreduced.D)Factoriescouldoperatemorethanoneengineatatime.Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)TheCivilWar.Aneconomicdepression.Arecognitionthatromanticismwasunpopular.Anincreasedinterestinthestudyofcommonspeech.A)BecausehewrotehumorousstoriesandnovBecauseherejectedromanticismasaliteraryapproach.BecausehewasthefirstrealistwriterintheUnitedStates.BecauseheinfluencedAmericanprosestylethroughhisuseofcommonspeech.A)HemainlywroteabouthistoricalsubjeCivilWar.Hisnovelsoftencontainedelementsofhumor.Heviewedhimselfmoreasasocialobserverthanasaliteraryartist.Hebelievedwritersshouldemphasizethepositiveaspectsoflife.Questions23to23.25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.Questions23to23.Theyhaveremainedbasicallyuncharoriginalforms.Theyhavebeenabletoadapttoecologicalchanges.Theyhavecausedrapidchangeintheenvironment.Theyarenolongerinexistence.A)ExtinctionofspecieshasoccurredfrthroughoutEarth,shistory.ExtinctionsonEarthhavegenerallybeenmassive.TherehasbeenonlyonemassextinctioninEarth'shistory.Dinosaursbecameextinctmuchearlierthanscientistsoriginallybelieved.A)Extinctionsduringthepast25millionbemoreintenseevery2.6millionyears.ThetheorythattheperiodicextinctionhadsomethingtodowiththeEa:speculation.ThisfindingwasalreadyconfirmedbythemostprestigiousscientistsintheworD)Aspecies'survivaltotallydependsonitsabilityorinabilitytoadapt.PartHIReadingComprehension(40minutes)PartHIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA.Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtcforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage,throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentif.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Innovation,theelixir(靈丹妙藥)ofprogress,hasalwayscostpeopletheIndustrialRevolutionhandweaverswere_26_asidebythemechanicalloom.Over1thedigitalrevolutionhas_27_manyofthemid-skilljobsthatsupported20tlclasslife.Typists,ticketagents,banktellersandmanyproduction-linejobshavwith,justastheweaverswere.Forthosewhobelievethattechnologicalprogresshasmadetheworldabetdisruptionisanaturalpartofrising28.Althoughinnovationkillssomejobsandbetterones,asamore_29―societybecomesricheranditswealthierinhabi-goodsandservices.AhundredyearsagooneinthreeAmericanworkerswas_30_onathan2%ofthemproducefarmorefood.Themillionsfreedfromthelandwerenotren(foundbetter-paidworkastheeconomygrewmoresophisticated.Todaythepoolof―32_,butthereareevermorecomputerprogrammersandwebdesigners.Optimismremainstherightstarting-point,butforworkersthedislocatingeffecmaymakethemselvesevidentfasterthanits33_Evenifnewjobsandwonderfulpr?theshorttermincomegapswillwiden,causinghugesocialdislocationandperhapolitics.Technology,s_34—willfeellikeatornado(旋風(fēng))，hittingtherich―35—sweepingthroughpoorercountriestoo.Nogovernmentispreparedforit.A)benefitsA)benefitsB)displacedC)employedD)eventuallyE)impactF)joblessG)primarilyH)productiveI)prosperityK)rhythmL)sentimentsM)shrunkN)sweptO)withdrawnSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattcstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identify,theparagra}.informationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespond!ngletteronAnswerSheet2.WhytheMonaLisaStandsOut_A]Haveyoueverfallenforanovelandbeenamazednottofinditonlistsofgreataroundasculpturerenownedasaclassic,strugglingtoseewhatthefussisaboulprobablyponderedthequestionapsychologist,JamesCutting,askedhimself:Howd(cometobeconsideredgreat?Theintuitiveansweristhatsomeworksofartarejustgreat:ofintrinsically；Thepaintingsthatwinprimespotsingalleries,gettaughtinclassesandreproditheonesthathaveprovedtheirartisticvalueovertime.Ifyoucan,tseeththat'syourproblem.It'sanintimidatinglyneatexplanation.Butsomesocialbeenaskingawkwardquestionsofit,raisingthepossibilitythatartisticcanonslittlemorethanfossilisedhistoricalaccidents.Cutting,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,wonderedifapsychologicalmechanz，mere-exposureeffect“playedaroleindecidingwhichpaintingsrisetothetopleague.Cuttingdesignedanexperimenttotesthishunch(直覺(jué))?Overalecturecoishowedundergraduatesworksofimpressionismfortwosecondsatatime.Someoftlcanonical,includedinart-historybooks.Otherswerelesserknownbutofcomparabwereexposedfourtimesasoften.Afterwards,thestudentspreferredthemtothewhileacontrolgroupofstudentslikedthecanonicalonesbest.Cutting'sstudelikethosepaintingsmoresimplybecausetheyhadseenthemmore.Cuttingbelieveshisexperimentoffersaclueastohowcanonsareformed.Hepo:mostreproducedworksofimpressionismtodaytendtohavebeenboughtbyfiveorinfluentialcollectorsinthelate19thcentury.Thepreferencesofthesemenprestigeoncertainworks,whichmadetheworksmorelikelytobehungingalleri（collections.Thefamepasseddowntheyears,gainingmomentumfrommereexposurecmorepeoplewereexposedto,themoretheylikedit,andthemoretheylikedappearedinbooks,onpostersandinbigexhibitions.Meanwhile,academicsandsophisticatedjustificationsforitspreeminence（卓越）.Afterall,it'snotjustendtoratewhattheyseemoreoftenmorehighly.AscontemporaryartistslikeVHirsthavegrasped,critics'praiseisdeeplyentwined（交織）withpublicity.〃S,argues,“arenodifferentfromthepublicintheeffectsofmereexposure./zTheprocessdescribedbyCuttingevokesaprinciplethatthesociologistDm^cumulativeadvantage”:onceathingbecomespopular,itwilltendtobecomemorefewyearsago,Watts,whoisemployedbyMicrosofttostudythedynamicsofsocia'similarexperiencetoCutting'sinanotherParismuseum.Afterqueuingtoseethitsclimate-controlledbulletproofboxattheLouvre,hecameawaypuzzled:why、sosuperiortothethreeotherLeonardosinthepreviouschamber,towhichnobpayingtheslightestattention?WhenWattslookedintothehistoryof"thegreatestpaintingofalltime”,hedis-mostofitslife,the/zMonaLisa〃remainedinrelativeobscurity.Inthe1850s,IwasconsiderednomatchforgiantsofRenaissanceartlikeTitianandRaphael,worthalmosttentimesasmuchasthe〃MonaLisa〃?Itwasonlyinthe20thcenturyportraitofhispatron?swiferocketedtothenumber-onespot.Whatpropelleditscholarlyre-evaluation,butatheft.In1911amaintenanceworkerattheLouvrewalkedoutofthemuseumwiththe〃卜underhissmock（工作月艮）.Parisianswereshockedatthetheftofapaintingtowltheyhadpaidlittleattention.Whenthemuseumreopened,peoplequeuedtoseet“MonaLisa〃hadoncehunginawaytheyhadneverdoneforthepaintingitself.F“MonaLisa〃cametorepresentWesterncultureitself.Althoughmanyhavetried,itdoesseemimprobablethatthepainting,suniqiattributedentirelytothequalityofitsbrushstrokes.Ithasbeensaidthatth（followthevieweraroundtheroom.Butasthepainting'sbiographer,DonaldSassc〃Inrealitytheeffectcanbeobtainedfromanyportrait.〃DuncanWattsproposeLisa〃ismerelyanextremeexampleofageneralrule.Paintings,poemsandpopsonj浮起）orsunkbyrandomeventsorpreferencesthatturnintowavesofinfluence,generations."Sayingthatculturalobjectshavevalue,“BrianEnooncewrote,〃islikesayinghaveconversations./zNearlyalltheculturalobjectsweconsumearrivewrappedinourpreferencesarealways,tosomeextent,someoneelse's.Visitorstothe〃Monwareabouttovisitthegreatestworkofarteverandcomeawayappropriatelyimpre：Anaudienceataperformanceof"Hamlet〃knowitisregardedasaworkofgenius,theymostlysee.WattsevencallsthepreeminenceofShakespearea"historicalacciAlthoughtherigidhigh-lowdistinctionfellapartinthe1960s,westilluseciofidentity.Today,sfashionforeclecticism（折衷主義）一〃IloveBach,AbbaandJ;Khan,aColumbiaUniversitypsychologist,argues,anewwayforthemiddleclasthemselvesfromwhattheyperceivetobethenarrowtastesofthosebeneathth7hierarchy.Theintrinsicqualityofaworkofartisstartingtoseemlikeitsleastimporta]perhapsit'smoresignificantthanoursocialscientistsallow.Firstofall,certainqualitytobeeligibletobeswepttothetopofthepile.The〃MonaLiworthyworldchampion,butitwasintheLouvreinthefirstplace,andnotbyac1somestuffissimplybetterthanotherstuff.Read"Hamlet"afterreadingevenShakespeare^scontemporaries,andthedifferencemaystrikeyouasunarguable.AstudyintheBritishJournalofAestheticssuggeststhattheexposureeffectcsamewayoneverything,andpointstoadifferentconclusionabouthowcanonssocialscientistsarerighttosaythatweshouldbealittlescepticalofgreatrshouldalwayslookinthenextroom.Greatartandmediocrity(平庸)cangetcexperts.Butthat,swhyweneedtosee,andread,asmuchaswecan.Themorevthegoodandthebad,thebetterweareattellingthedifference.TheeclecticistsAccordingtoDuncanWatts,thesuperiorityofthe〃MonaLisa〃toLeonardo,soth(fromthecumulativeadvantage.SomesocialscientistshaveraiseddoubtsabouttheintrinsicvalueofcertainworItisoftenrandomeventsorpreferencesthatdeterminethefateofapieceofartInhisexperiment,Cuttingfoundthathissubjectslikedlesserknownworksbett(worksbecauseofmoreexposure.Theauthorthinksthegreatnessofanartworkstillliesinitsintrinsicvalue.Itistrueofcriticsaswe11asordinarypeoplethatthepopularityofartisticassociatedwithpublicity.Weneedtoexposeourselvestomoreartandliteratureinordertotellthesinferior.Astudyofthehistoryofthegreatestpaintingssuggestsevenagreatwoexperienceyearsofneglect.Cultureisstillusedasamarktodistinguishonesocialclassfromanother.Opinionsaboutandpreferencesforculturalobjectsareofteninheritable.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)ar.decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespond!ngletteronAnswerSheet2withroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whentherightpersonisholdingtherightjobattherightmoment,thatpersorgreatlyexpanded.ThatisthepositioninwhichJanetYellen,whoisexpectedtobenextchairoftheFederalReserveBank(Fed)inJanuary,nowfindsherself.Ifyoube8thatunemploymentisthemajoreconomicandsocialconcernofourday,thenitisnoYellenisthemostpowerfulpersonintheworldrightnow.Throughoutthe2008financialcrisisandtherecessionandrecoverythatfollowshavetakenontheroleofstimulatorsoflastresort,holdinguptheglobaleconomy、ofmoneyintheformofassetbuying.Yellen,previouslyaFedvicechair,wasonearchitectsoftheFed"s$3.8trillionmoneydump.Astareconomistknownforhergr<onlabormarkets,Yellenwasakindofprophetessearlyoninthecrisisforherwesubprime(次級(jí)債)meltdown.NowitwillbeherjobtogettheFedandthemarketsoiandmostunconventionalmonetaryprograminhistorywithoutderailingthefragilereccThegoodnewsisthatYellen,67,isparticularlywellsuitedtomeetthesechaKkeenunderstandingoffinancialmarkets,anappreciationfortheirimperfectionsandthathumansufferingwasmorerelatedtounemploymentthananythingelse.SomeexpertsworrythatYellenwillbeinclinedtochaseunemploymenttothenegLButwithwagesstillrelativelyflatandtheeconomyincreasinglydividedbetweenthelong-termunemployed,morepeopleworryabouttheopposite,deflation(通貨緊縮)tha-theeconomysproblems.Eitherway,theincomingFedchiefwillhavetowalkafinelineinslowlyendingmustbesteadyenoughtodeflatebubbles(去泡沫)andbringmarketsbackdowntoquickthatitcreatesanothercreditcrisis.UnlikemanypastFedleaders,Yellenisnotonetobuyintothefinanceindustryitshouldbeleftalonetoregulateitself.SheknowsallalongtheFedhasberegulationoffinance.Yellenislikelytoaddresstheissuerightaftershepushesunemploymentbelcmarketsandmakessurethattherecoveryismoreinclusiveandrobust.AsPrincetcBlindersays,〃She'ssmartasawhip,deeplylogical,willingtoarguebutalsoag(canpersuadewithoutcreatinghostility.z/Allthosetraitswillbeusefulastheglob;powerplayertakesonitsmostannoyingproblems.WhatdomanypeoplethinkisthebiggestproblemfacingJanetYellen?Lackofmoney.Subprimecrisis.Unemployment.Socialinstability.WhatdidYellenhelptheFeddototacklethe2008financialcrisis?Takeeffectivemeasurestocurbinflation.DeflatethebubblesintheAmericaneconomy.Formulatepoliciestohelpfinancialinstitutions.Pourmoneyintothemarketthroughassetbuying.Whatisagreaterconcernofthegeneralpublic?Recession.Deflation.Inequality.Income.WhatisYellenlikelytodoinherpositionastheFedchief?Developanewmonetaryprogram.Restorepublicconfidence.Tightenfinancialregulation.Reformthecreditsystem.HowdoesAlanBlinderportrayYellen?Shepossessesstrongpersuasivepower.Shehasconfidenceinwhatsheisdoing.Sheisoneoftheworld?sgreatesteconomists.SheisthemostpowerfulFedchiefinhistory.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Airpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatcitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeoplelongtobreathspaces.Theydon