云南省楚雄州2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題含聽力

楚雄州中小學(xué)2022～2023學(xué)年下學(xué)期期末教育學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高中一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherecanthespeakersbe?A.Atthepostoffice. B.Attheairport. C.Onthebus.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,whatpackageareyougoingtocheckbeforeboardingtheplane?M:Iwanttocheckthesetwo.W:Thesmalloneisokay,buttheotheroneisoverweight.Youhavetopayextra.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whenwillthesoccergamestart?A.At1:00pm. B.At2:00pm. C.At3:00pm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whattimeisthesoccergameon?Ithoughtitstartedat1:00pm.W:Wemusthavehadthewrongtime.Oh,well...lookattheTVguide.It'llstartat3:00pm.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhoisDavid?A.Theman’sclassmate. B.Thewoman’smanager. C.Thewoman’shusband.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello.CanItalktoDavid?M:Sorry.Heisoutforlunchwithourmanagerrightnow.W:Okay.I’mhiswife.Pleasetellhimtocallmebackwhenhereturns.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Janeisanuntidygirl. B.Allenisanuntidyboy. C.Allenwilltidyhisroom【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I'vecleanedmyroomandputallmythingsinorder.I'llcleanthebookshelfnext.M:Jane,youaresuchatidygirl.IwishyourbrotherAllencoulddothesame.Hisroomisalwaysmessy.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdoesthemansound?A.Angry. B.Apologetic. C.Happy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sir,Iwouldnotmakethesamemistakenexttime.Pleasegivemeanotherchance.Please...M:Youhavecausedourpanysomuchloss!Youarefired.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Howwastheweatherlastweek?A.Foggy. B.Snowy. C.Sunny.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodofirst?A.Giveacalltohisfriend.B.Drivetoafriend’shouse.C.Buildsnowmenwithhiskids.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Itsnowedalllastweekandjuststoppedsnowingtoday,butthefogistoothicktoseeclearly.W:Yeah,Iwonderwhentheweatherwillgetbetter.Iguessalltheplanesattheairportwillbegroundedtoday.M:Ithinkso.Weweregoingtodriveovertoafriend'shouse,butnowwecan't.Rightnow,Ineedtocallhimandlethimknow.W:OK.Howaboutbuildingsnowmeninfrontofourhouselater?Wecanhavefunwiththekids.M:Goodidea.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A.Buysomeapples. B.Sellsomeoranges. C.Gotothesupermarket.9.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Buysomefruit. B.Buyadress. C.Meethisniece.10.Howwillthemangotohissister’s?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Onfoot.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?W:I’mgoingtothesupermarkettogetsomeorangesbecausetheyarerichinvitaminC.M:CanIgowithyou?I’dliketobuysomeapplesandmysisterlikesthemW:Ofcourse.Areyougoingtoyoursister’stoday?M:Yeah,todayismylittleniece’sbirthdayandIplantobuyherabeautifuldressafteringoutofthesupermarket.W:You’resonice.Isherhousefarfromhere?Doyouwantmetolendyoumycar?M:No.It’sonlya15minutebusride.W:OK.Let’sgonow.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whosebirthdayisingtomorrow?A.Jack’s. B.Ann’s. C.JackandAnn’smother.12.WhatdoesJacksuggestdoing?A.Buyingabirthdaycake.B.Attendingacakemakingclass.C.LearningtomakeacakefromtheInternet.13.WhatwillAnnprobablydonext?A.Gotoherneighbor’shouse.B.Gotoschool.C.Prepareagift.【答案】11.C12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Ann,ourmother’s40thbirthdayisingtomorrow.Doyouhaveagoodidea?W:Jack,Ijustthinkwecanbuyacakeandagiftforher.M:Hmm...Iwanttodosomethingsurprisingforher.W:Iagreewithyou,butIdidn’teupwithanyideas.M:Let’smakeacakebyourselves.Isitfine?W:That’sgood.Butwedon’tknowhowtodothat.M:WecansearchontheInternet.Thereiseverythingonit.W:Didyouforgetthatonmy15thbirthdayyouburnedacake?M:eon.Iwasalittlebitcarelessatthattime.W:Ihaveanotherchoice.Wecantakeacakemakingclass.Howdoyoufeel?M:Great!Let’sgorightnow!W:Waitaminute.IknowourneighborHenrylikemakingcakes.Letmegotoaskhimsomeinformationaboutitfirst.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.WhatwillthemandonextMonday?A.Createawebsite. B.Takeaninterview. C.Haveaculturalclass.15.WhatdoesLisaadvisethemantodo?A.Practicealone. B.Asksomequestions. C.Researchthepany.16.WhatdoesLisaremindthemantodoatlast?A.Beconfident. B.Beontime. C.Leavelater.【答案】14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Lisa,I’llattendaninterviewnextMonday.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtoprepareforit?W:Firstly,youshouldresearchthepany.Lookthroughitsofficialwebsiteandfindoutthingsaboutthecultureofthepany.Thisstepisimportant.M:Exactly.Woulditbenecessarytopracticewithanyone?W:Surely!It’sagoodideatopracticewithsomeoneforsomequestionsthatwillbeaskedinaninterview.It’llhelpyoudevelopconfidence.M:Okay,I’llgiveitatry.W:Aneasywaytofindoutthequestionsistogoonline.M:Now,anotherthingthatalwaysworriesmeisgettingtotheplacebecauseI’veneverbeentherebefore.SowhatshouldIdointhatcase?W:UsetheGPSonyourphonetofigureoutthebestwaytogetthere,andfigureouthowlongit’sgoingtotaketogetthere.Finally,remembertogetthereatleast30minutesearlybecausebeingontimeisalsoveryimportantinNorthAmerica.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WheredidCaoYutingattendaweddingceremonyin2014?A.InHunanProvince. B.InHainanProvince. C.InGuangdongProvince.18.WhatdidCaoYutingthinkofherfriend’sweddingdress?A.Expensive. B.Oldfashioned. C.Beautiful.19.HowlongdidittakeCaoYutingtomakeaminiweddingdress?A.Twomonths B.Threeweeks. C.Severaldays.20.WhichisthekeytodesigningdressesaccordingtoCao?A.Imagination. B.Talent. C.Luck.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,everybody.TodayI'dliketosharesomethingaboutminiweddingdresseswithyou.Formanyyoungwomen,designingweddingdressesisadream.ForCaoYuting,itbecamerealityin2018,whenshewas29yearsold.Beforestartingherownbusinessinweddingdressdesignandproduction,CaoworkedinthefashiondesignindustryinGuangzhou,GuangdongProvince.In2014,CaoattendedaweddingceremonyinherhometownofChenzhou,HunanProvince,andfoundthedesignofherfriend'sweddingdresswasoldfashioned."Ithinktowearbeautifulandfashionableweddingdressisadreamformanywomen,andIwanttobringwhatI'velearnedbacktomyhometown,”Caosaid.In2018,shestartedtodesignandproduceminiweddingdresses.IttookCaotwoorthreedaystomakeaminiweddingdress,andaboutthreemonthstomakeafullsizeone.Lastyear,shebegantopostvideosofmakingminidressesonline.Sofar,Caohasmade200miniweddingdresses."Observation,thinkingandimaginationarethekeystodesigningdresses,"shesaid.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANewsweekhasreleasedalistof100famousspotsinitslatestissueandsaysallofthemmaynotexistinthefuturebecauseofvariousreasons.Kauai,Hawaii,U.S.KauaiistheoldestandfourthlargestofHawaiianIslands.Mostofthisislandliesinthemist(霧氣)allyearround.ThethickforestsarehometothecolorfulHawaiianhoneycreeper,anendangeredbirdspecies.Eventhetinyfallorriseofthesealevelwillcauselargechangesontheisland,whichputtheisland’secosystemunderseverestress.CaribbeanSeaFourtypesofendangeredseaturtles(龜)livehere.Therisingsealevelsandthepollutionoftheoceanscandestroythebeach,wherethefemaleseaturtleslayeggs.Unlikeotheranimals,thesexofaseaturtledependsonthetemperatureatwhichtheturtlehatches(孵化).Thetemperatureforfemaleseaturtlestohatchisabove31℃℃.Scientistsworrythecutofmaleturtlescanthreatenthespecies’survival.Recife,BrazilRecifeinnortheasternBrazilisabusinesscenterandalsoagreatdestinationoftourists,whovisithereforthesunnyweatherandwhitesandbeaches.Duetoitsnonstopcoastaldevelopment,nowRecifeishighlyweaktothethreatsofrisingsealevels,hurricanesandstorms.Thereduceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)alsoexposesthewholecitytoflooding.Chicago,Illinois,U.S.Sincefoundedinthe1830s,the“WindyCity”Chicagohasbeethecenteroftransportation,industry,financeandentertainmentintheMidwestofU.S.Nowadays,morethan2.6millionresidentsliveinthemodernarea,makingitthethirdmostpopulouscityinU.S.Intheingyears,Chicagowillsufferfromgradualincreaseinheatwavesandflooding.21.WhatistheclimatelikeonKauai?A.Sunny. B.Dry. C.Foggy. D.Changeable.22.Whatcancausetheunequalratebetweenmaleandfemaleturtles?A.Theglobalwarming.B.Therisingsealevels.C.Thegradualdisappearanceoftheirhabitats.D.Thefemaleseaturtlesstoppinglayingeggs.23.Whatdothefourplaceshaveinmon?A.Theyarehometohoneycreepers.B.Theyareendangeredcoastalareas.C.Theyarefacedwithoverpopulation.D.Theyarefreefromhumanactivities.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章列舉了四個(gè)著名景點(diǎn)的名單，并表示由于各種原因，這些景點(diǎn)未來(lái)可能都不復(fù)存在?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“KauaiistheoldestandfourthlargestofHawaiianIslands.Mostofthisislandliesinthemist(霧氣)allyearround.(考艾島是夏威夷群島中最古老、面積第四大的島嶼。這個(gè)島的大部分地區(qū)終年籠罩在霧中)”可知，Kauai氣候特點(diǎn)是多霧。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Fourtypesofendangeredseaturtles(龜)livehere.Therisingsealevelsandthepollutionoftheoceanscandestroythebeach,wherethefemaleseaturtleslayeggs.(這里生活著四種瀕臨滅絕的海龜。海平面上升和海洋污染會(huì)破壞海灘，而海灘是雌海龜產(chǎn)卵的地方)”以及“Thetemperatureforfemaleseaturtlestohatchisabove31℃℃.(雌海龜?shù)姆趸瘻囟仍?1℃以上，雄海龜在℃以下”可知，海平面的上升及海洋污染會(huì)破壞海灘，而雌雄海龜會(huì)的孵化溫度不同。由此推知，全球變暖導(dǎo)致氣溫變化，進(jìn)而影響海龜?shù)漠a(chǎn)卵率。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Eventhetinyfallorriseofthesealevelwillcauselargechangesontheisland,whichputtheisland’secosystemunderseverestress.(即使是海平面的微小下降或上升也會(huì)引起島上的巨大變化，這將使島上的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)面臨嚴(yán)重壓力)”，第三段“Scientistsworrythecutofmaleturtlescanthreatenthespecies’survival.(科學(xué)家擔(dān)心雄性海龜?shù)乃劳鰰?huì)威脅到這個(gè)物種的生存)”，第四段“Thereduceofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)alsoexposesthewholecitytoflooding.(珊瑚礁的減少也使整個(gè)城市暴露在洪水之中)”以及第五段“Intheingyears,Chicagowillsufferfromgradualincreaseinheatwavesandflooding.(在未來(lái)幾年，芝加哥將遭受逐漸增加的熱浪和洪水)”可知，這些景點(diǎn)均在沿海地區(qū)，且因各種原因而瀕臨滅絕。故選B。BChangeisasgoodasarest,astheoldsayinggoes.LucyKellawaytookthistoextremeswhenshelefttotrainasateacherinhernearlysixthdecade,afterabout30yearsworkingasajournalist.Doingthesamethinginthethreedecadeswassimplytoolongforher,accordingtoLucy.“Iwasnolongerinterestedinmyjobandwantedtodosomethingmoreusefulandpurposefulwithmylife,”Lucyexplains.“Iwasthenagedfiftysevenandhadspentalmostmywholeadultlifedoingonething.”Lucytriedringingthegovernment’shelplineanddiscoveredtherewasnomaximumagerestrainttotrainasateacher.ThenshemetKatieWaldegrave,asocialentrepreneurturnedteacher,ataparty.”Wemetthefollowingmorningandtalkedandtalked.Weconcludedthatyounggraduateshadlongbeentheobviousrecruiting(征募)intotheprofession.Anewmodelforenteringteachingwasneededforcareerchangers.BythetimeIleftthatconversation,NowTeachhadprobablybeenborn,aprofessionalonlineteachertrainingprogramforcareerchangersinteaching.”SosuccessfulwastheprogramthatitattractedthesupportoftheDepartmentforEducation.Furtherstatefundinghasseentheprogramrolledoutacrossthecountry.“We’redelightedbyitssuccess.ThebestaspectofmyjobthattheprogrambringsmeisthatitmakesmeoptimisticaboutthefutureandsometimesmakesmefeelI’mmakingabigdifferencetotheirlives.”Lucygoeson,“Wehavehelped650peoplewithallsortsofbackgroundstobringtheirvariousexperiencestosecondaryschools.”Foranyoneinterestedinteaching,Lucytellsthemtoexperienceschoollifefirst.“Goandvisittwoschools.Spendqualitytimeintheclassroomsofthesubjectsyouthinkyoumayteachandfindoutifitseemsrightforyou.Youmaynotgetitrightatfirst.”WhileLucylovedhernewcareer,shefoundteachingmathswasn’thertruecalling,sosheswappedtoteachingeconomicsinstead.24.WhydidLucywanttochangeherjob?A.Shefailedtogetwellpaid.B.Shewasboredwiththejob.C.Shewantedtohavearestforawhile.D.Shecouldn’tbalanceherlifeandwork.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”restraint“inparagraph3mean?A.Limit. B.Concern. C.Difference. D.Advantage.26.HowdoesLucyfeelaboutNowTeach?A.Challenging. B.Disappointing. C.Worrying, D.Meaningful.27.WhatdidLucywanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Introducehowtogetadegreecertificateforteaching.B.Shareherpersonalexperienceofapplyingforateacher.C.Offersuggestionstothoseconsideringbeingateacher.D.Explainthereasonswhyshewantedtobeeateacher.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了主人公露西·凱拉維(LucyKellaway)在做了大約30年的記者之后，在將近60歲的時(shí)候離開家去接受教師培訓(xùn)，這讓她走到了極致。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Doingthesamethinginthethreedecadeswassimplytoolongforher,accordingtoLucy.“Iwasnolongerinterestedinmyjobandwantedtodosomethingmoreusefulandpurposefulwithmylife,”Lucyexplains.”（露西說(shuō)，在30年里做同樣的事情對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)太長(zhǎng)了。露西解釋說(shuō)：“我對(duì)自己的工作不再感興趣，我想做一些更有用、更有意義的事情。”）可知，露西想換工作是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)這份工作感到厭煩。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iwasthenagedfiftysevenandhadspentalmostmywholeadultlifedoingonething.”（那時(shí)我57歲，幾乎整個(gè)成年生活都在做一件事。）以及劃線單詞句中“anddiscoveredtherewasnomaximumage…”（發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有最高年齡……）可推知，此處為露西試著撥打政府的幫助熱線，發(fā)現(xiàn)培訓(xùn)教師沒(méi)有最高年齡限制。故可猜測(cè)，劃線單詞restraint為“限制”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Limit“限制”意思一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““We’redelightedbyitssuccess.ThebestaspectofmyjobthattheprogrambringsmeisthatitmakesmeoptimisticaboutthefutureandsometimesmakesmefeelI’mmakingabigdifferencetotheirlives.”Lucygoeson,“Wehavehelped650peoplewithallsortsofbackgroundstobringtheirvariousexperiencestosecondaryschools.””（“我們?yōu)樗某晒Ω械礁吲d。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目給我的工作帶來(lái)的最好的方面是，它讓我對(duì)未來(lái)感到樂(lè)觀，有時(shí)讓我覺(jué)得我對(duì)他們的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響?！甭段骼^續(xù)說(shuō)道：“我們已經(jīng)幫助了650名不同背景的人把他們不同的經(jīng)歷帶到中學(xué)?！保┛赏浦?，露西對(duì)NowTeach這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的看法是認(rèn)為它是非常有意義的。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Foranyoneinterestedinteaching,Lucytellsthemtoexperienceschoollifefirst.“Goandvisittwoschools.Spendqualitytimeintheclassroomsofthesubjectsyouthinkyoumayteachandfindoutifitseemsrightforyou.”（對(duì)于任何對(duì)教學(xué)感興趣的人，露西告訴他們先體驗(yàn)一下學(xué)校生活?！叭⒂^兩所學(xué)校?；〞r(shí)間在你認(rèn)為你可能教的科目的教室里，看看它是否適合你。）可知，露西想為那些考慮成為老師的人提供建議。故選C項(xiàng)。CObjectsinthenightskyaredisappearingfromviewbecauseoflightpollution,accordingtoanewstudy.Outdoorlightingfromstreetlamps,officebuildingsandvehicleheadlightsleadstoskylessbright,whichiswhenthenightskygetsbrighter.Thebrighteritisatnight,theharderitistoseestarsandplanetsfromEarth.ChristopherKyba,anastronomerwiththeGFZGermanResearchCenterforGeosciences,ledhisteamstudyingover50,000starobservationsbetween2011and2022.“Ifthebrighteningofthenightskycontinuesatthecurrentrate,”Kybasaid,“achildborninaplacewhere250starsarevisiblewillonlybeabletosee100starsbythetimeheorsheturned18.”TheissueisglobalbutparticularlymoninNorthAmerica,where80%ofpeoplecannotseetheMilkyWaygalaxy(銀河系).Thishugegroupofbillionsofstarsshouldlooklikeawidestripoflightinthedarknightsky.However,onlyveryremoteplaces,suchastheSaharaDesertandtheAmazonRainForest,haveatrulydarknightsky.Lightpollutionmakesitharderforastronomerstostudystarsandplanets.Italsocausesproblemsforanimals.Animalsactiveatnightlikebatsbeeconfusedandcrashintoobjects.Turtlesthathatch(孵化)atnightneedmoonlighttofindthesea,butartificiallightscanconfusethemandmakethemheadinlandinstead.Birdsincitiesoftenwakeupandstartsingingearlierthantheyshould.Humanlightsalsocausethemselvestoproducelessofachemicalcalledmelatonin(褪黑激素).Thiscanleadtosleepproblems,headaches,tiredness,andmoodissues.Tohelp,scientistswanttoraiseawarenessoflightpollution.Theysuggestthatpeopleuseoutdoorlightingthatcauseslesslightpollution,suchasmotionsensitivelightsthatswitchononlywhenthey’reneeded.28.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byofferingevidence.C.Bymakingparison.D.Bybringinguptheissue.29.WhatcanbeinferredfromKyba’swords?A.Lightpollutionisbeingserious.B.Adultsareeasiertoseestarsthankids.C.Starsarebeingfeweryearbyyear.D.Kidsarelosinginterestinwatchingstars.30.Whateffectmaylightpollutioncause?A.Turtlesareforcedtohatchatsea.B.Humansproducemoremelatonin.C.Batscangetlostduringtheflight.D.Birdsincitieswakeupmuchlater.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewOriginofLightPollutionB.LightIsMakingStarsUnobservedC.WaystoDealwithLightPollutionD.LightCausesHumanSleepIssues【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了燈光讓人們看不見(jiàn)天上的星星?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Objectsinthenightskyaredisappearingfromviewbecauseoflightpollution,accordingtoanewstudy.Outdoorlightingfromstreetlamps,officebuildingsandvehicleheadlightsleadstoskylessbright,whichiswhenthenightskygetsbrighter.Thebrighteritisatnight,theharderitistoseestarsandplanetsfromEarth.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，由于光污染，夜空中的物體正在從視野中消失。街燈、辦公樓和汽車前燈的室外照明會(huì)使天空變得不那么明亮，這時(shí)夜晚的天空變得更加明亮。夜晚的光線越亮，就越難從地球上看到星星和行星。)”可推知，作者通過(guò)提出問(wèn)題——光污染來(lái)引出文章主題——燈光讓人們看不見(jiàn)星星。故選D。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Kyba所說(shuō)的話““Ifthebrighteningofthenightskycontinuesatthecurrentrate,”Kybasaid,“achildborninaplacewhere250starsarevisiblewillonlybeabletosee100starsbythetimeheorsheturned18.”(“如果夜空繼續(xù)以目前的速度變亮，”Kyba說(shuō)，“一個(gè)出生在能看到250顆星星的地方的孩子，到18歲時(shí)只能看到100顆星星?！?”可推知，光污染日益嚴(yán)重。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Lightpollutionmakesitharderforastronomerstostudystarsandplanets.Italsocausesproblemsforanimals.Animalsactiveatnightlikebatsbeeconfusedandcrashintoobjects.(光污染使天文學(xué)家更難研究恒星和行星。它也會(huì)給動(dòng)物帶來(lái)麻煩。像蝙蝠一樣在夜間活動(dòng)的動(dòng)物會(huì)感到困惑并撞向物體。)”可知，光污染或許使蝙蝠在飛行中可能會(huì)迷路。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Thebrighteritisatnight,theharderitistoseestarsandplanetsfromEarth.(夜晚的光線越亮，就越難從地球上看到星星和行星。)”和第二段中“ChristopherKyba,anastronomerwiththeGFZGermanResearchCenterforGeosciences,ledhisteamstudyingover50,000starobservationsbetween2011and2022.(GFZ德國(guó)地球科學(xué)研究中心的天文學(xué)家克里斯托弗·凱巴（ChristopherKyba）帶領(lǐng)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在2011年至2022年間研究了5萬(wàn)多個(gè)恒星觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)。)”以及第三段中“TheissueisglobalbutparticularlymoninNorthAmerica,where80%ofpeoplecannotseetheMilkyWaygalaxy(銀河系).(這個(gè)問(wèn)題是全球性的，但在北美尤其普遍，那里80%的人看不到銀河系。)”可知，文章主要介紹了燈光讓人們看不見(jiàn)星星，B項(xiàng)“光讓星星變得不可觀測(cè)”適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選B。DStayinginhospitalcanbedifficultforpatients,oftencausingfearandanxiety,especiallyinyoungerindividuals.Theseemotionscaneasilytakeover,buthospitalsinRichmond,Virginia,haveprogramstorelievesomeofthestressandcreatemomentsofjoy.DuetoaprogramcalledDogsOnCallprovidedbythenonprofitorganizationCenterforHumanAnimalInteraction,attheChildren’sHospitalofRichmond,thesoundofdogsingdownthehallwaycreatesanatmosphereofexcitementamongchildpatients.For21years,thevolunteerrunprogramhasbeenconnectingdogswiththoseinneedofaninspiringmoment.Withthenecessaryregistrationsteps,dogsandhandlerscanparticipateinweeklyvisitstothehospital.Besidesthescheduledvisits,parentsorchildrencanrequestaspecificteamtovisittheirrooms.“Whenapatientinteractswithadog,itcandecreasebloodpressureandreducepain,”saysNancyR.Gee,executivedirectorofthecenter.Theirfaceschangejustforamoment.They’renotthinkingabouttheirhealthsituationortheirpain.Justforthatmoment,they’rejustkidswithadog.InsteadofDogsOnCall,BonSecoursSt.Mary’sHospitalofRichmondprovidesHappyWheels,aprograminwhichacartfulloftreatsandotheritemsrollingthroughthehallsofthehospital.Thevolunteerrunprogramvisitsfourtimesaweek.Theygofromroomtoroomtohandouttoys,coffee,snacks,andotherfortitems.Alloftheitemsfoundinthecartaredonatedtotheprogramandhandedouttofamiliesinallchildren’scareunits.“It’sanopportunityforthechildrentobechildrenandtogetexcitedaboutanewtoyingintheirrooms,”saysLauraGepford,childlifespecialistatSt.Mary’sHospital.“Besidesthefevers,themedicineandallthedifficultthingsthatoccurinthehospital,theyhavetheshiningofhappymoments.That’swhatpeopleholdonto.”32.WhatdoweknowabouttheprogramDogsOnCall?A.Dogsmightfrightenthechildpatients.B.Dogvisitsmustfollowafixedschedule.C.Itgivesmentaltreatmenttothechildpatients.D.Itisfinanciallysupportedbythegovernment.33.WhatdoesNancyRGeemeaninparagraph4?A.Childrencarefordogsbynature.B.Children’smoodsarechangeable.C.Childrenaretooyoungtotaketheirillnessseriously.D.Children’sspiritsareliftedbythedogs’panion.34.WhatisLauraGepford’sattitudetotheHappyWheelsprogram?A.Concerned. B.Appreciative. C.Dissatisfied. D.Doubtful.35.Howdothetwoprogramsinthetexthelp?A.Bybringingpatientsfortandcheer.B.Bychangingpeople’sattitudetoillness.C.Bytellingpeopletheimportanceofplay.D.Byguidingparentstobetterfortkids.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了住院對(duì)病人來(lái)說(shuō)可能很困難，通常會(huì)引起恐懼和焦慮，尤其是年輕人。這些情緒很容易占據(jù)上風(fēng)，但弗吉尼亞州里士滿的醫(yī)院有一些項(xiàng)目可以緩解一些壓力，創(chuàng)造歡樂(lè)的時(shí)刻?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“DuetoaprogramcalledDogsOnCallprovidedbythenonprofitorganizationCenterforHumanAnimalInteraction,attheChildren’sHospitalofRichmond,thesoundofdogsingdownthehallwaycreatesanatmosphereofexcitementamongchildpatients.”（由于里士滿兒童醫(yī)院的非營(yíng)利組織“人與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)中心”提供了一個(gè)名為“狗隨叫隨到”的項(xiàng)目，狗從走廊上走下來(lái)的聲音在兒童病人中營(yíng)造了一種興奮的氣氛。）以及第四段中““Whenapatientinteractswithadog,itcandecreasebloodpressureandreducepain,”saysNancyR.Gee,executivedirectorofthecenter.”（“當(dāng)病人與狗互動(dòng)時(shí)，它可以降低血壓，減輕疼痛，”該中心的執(zhí)行主任南?！·吉說(shuō)。）可知，DogsOnCall這個(gè)項(xiàng)目它可以對(duì)兒童病人進(jìn)行精神治療。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Whenapatientinteractswithadog,itcandecreasebloodpressureandreducepain,”saysNancyR.Gee,executivedirectorofthecenter.Theirfaceschangejustforamoment.They’renotthinkingabouttheirhealthsituationortheirpain.Justforthatmoment,they’rejustkidswithadog.”（“當(dāng)病人與狗互動(dòng)時(shí)，它可以降低血壓，減輕疼痛，”該中心的執(zhí)行主任南?！·吉說(shuō)。他們的臉只變了一會(huì)兒。他們沒(méi)有考慮自己的健康狀況或痛苦。在那一刻，他們只是帶著狗的孩子。）可推知，南?！·吉在第四段的意思是表明有狗作伴，孩子們的精神就振奮起來(lái)了。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““It’sanopportunityforthechildrentobechildrenandtogetexcitedaboutanewtoyingintheirrooms,”saysLauraGepford,childlifespecialistatSt.Mary’sHospital.”（圣瑪麗醫(yī)院(St.Mary'sHospital)的兒童生活專家勞拉·格普福德(LauraGepford)說(shuō)：“這是一個(gè)讓孩子們做回孩子的機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們對(duì)房間里的新玩具感到興奮?！保┛赏浦?，勞拉·格普福德對(duì)HappyWheels項(xiàng)目的態(tài)度是欣賞的，贊賞的。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theseemotionscaneasilytakeover,buthospitalsinRichmond,Virginia,haveprogramstorelievesomeofthestressandcreatemomentsofjoy.”（這些情緒很容易占據(jù)上風(fēng)，但弗吉尼亞州里士滿的醫(yī)院有一些項(xiàng)目可以緩解一些壓力，創(chuàng)造歡樂(lè)的時(shí)刻。）以及下文對(duì)這兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目的具體介紹可知，它們都可以給病人帶來(lái)安慰和歡樂(lè)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtomunicateEffectively?Havinggoodmunicationskillsisimportant.Effectivemunicationisaskillyoucanlearnnomatterwhatyourage,backgroundorexperienceis.____36____Choosetherighttime.Asthesayingstates,thereisatimeandaplaceforeverything.____37____.Avoidstartingdiscussionsaboutheavytopicslateintheevening.Fewpeoplewillbethrilledtobefacedwithissueslikefinancesorlongrangeschedulingwhentheyarethemosttired.Instead,delivermessagesandconductdiscussionsaboutheavytopicsinthemorningswhenpeoplearewatchfulandmorelikelytobeabletorespondclearly.____38____.Thisshouldbedonebeforeyouattempttomunicateanyideas.Ifyouhaven’talreadytargetedsomekeypointstosticktowhenmunicating,yourideasmaybeeconfusing.Keypointswillactasanchors(錨),bringingfocusandclaritytoyourmunication.Thankyourlistener(s).Thankthepersonorgroupforthetimetakentolistenandrespond._____39_____,eveniftheresponsetoyourtalkordiscussionhasbeenotherthanyouhadhoped,enditpolitelybyproperlyrespectingeveryone’sinputandtime.municateeyetoeye.Eyecontactbuildsrelationship,helpstoconvincepeoplethatyou’retrustworthyanddisplaysinterest.Duringaconversationorpresentation,itisimportanttolookintotheotherperson’seyesifpossibleandmaintaincontactforareasonableamountoftime.____40____.A.TakecarenottooverdoitB.municatingisnodifferentC.OrganizekeypointsinyourmindD.NomatterwhattheouteofyourmunicationE.IfyouhavealreadytargetedsomekeypointstosticktoF.ThebasicsofmunicationbelowwillhelpgetyourpointacrosseasilyG.Ignoringanysinglepersoncaneasilybetakenasasignofdisrespectforthem【答案】36.F37.B38.C39.D40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了如何有效溝通，以及給出了幾點(diǎn)有效溝通的方法和建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Effectivemunicationisaskillyoucanlearnnomatterwhatyourage,backgroundorexperienceis.”（有效的溝通是一種你可以學(xué)習(xí)的技能，無(wú)論你的年齡、背景或經(jīng)驗(yàn)如何。）引出話題，提到有效的溝通。以及下文具體介紹了有效溝通的幾點(diǎn)方法和建議。故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為下面有一些溝通的方法和技巧。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)F項(xiàng)Thebasicsofmunicationbelowwillhelpgetyourpointacrosseasily.（下面這些基本的溝通技巧可以幫助你更容易地表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn)。）符合此推斷，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Asthesayingstates,thereisatimeandaplaceforeverything.”（俗話說(shuō)，凡事都有時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。）說(shuō)明凡事都有時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。以及下文“Avoidstartingdiscussionsaboutheavytopicslateintheevening.”（避免在深夜開始討論沉重的話題。）可推斷出空格處內(nèi)容為溝通也是要注意時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的恰當(dāng)性。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)municatingisnodifferent.（溝通也是一樣。）符合此推斷，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由該題為段落小標(biāo)題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Thisshouldbedonebeforeyouattempttomunicateanyideas.Ifyouhaven’talreadytargetedsomekeypointstosticktowhenmunicating,yourideasmaybeeconfusing.Keypointswillactasanchors(錨),bringingfocusandclaritytoyourmunication.”（這應(yīng)該在你試圖交流任何想法之前完成。如果你在溝通的時(shí)候沒(méi)有明確一些要點(diǎn)，你的想法可能會(huì)變得令人困惑。關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)將起到錨點(diǎn)的作用，使你的溝通更加集中和清晰。）可知，講的是在溝通的時(shí)候要明確要點(diǎn)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Organizekeypointsinyourmind.（在腦海中整理關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。39題詳解】根據(jù)下文“eveniftheresponsetoyourtalkordiscussionhasbeeno