2023-2024學(xué)年人教版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 詞匯講解課件-

詞匯講解選擇性必修四

Unit3SeaExploration重難點詞精講一詞多義extendwithdraw一詞多義channel一詞多義bond一詞多義inhand詞義及擴展league詞義及基本搭配構(gòu)詞：ex-(out向外)+tend(tostretch伸)→伸開；伸出(基本義)1.extendextendv

vt伸開；展開；伸出：Extend

yourleft

hand

andseewhatitisinit.

vt&vi（使）延伸；（使）延長：Thiswindingroadextendstotheriverside.Becausethestormyweather,theirstayextendstotheNewYear.Thetravelersdecidedtoextendtheirvisittoseemoreaboutthebeautifulcountry.使身體部位伸開/伸出使距離或時間伸開/伸出

vt&vi（使）擴大；（使）擴展：Thecountryislikeonehugeextendedfamily.ThelargecompanyextendeditsservicestoHongKong.

vt[正式用語]提供；給予：WeextendedawarmwelcometoMr.Rieder’scomingtoourparty.I’dliketoextend

my

thanksto

allourteachers,parentsandfamilies,whohavedonesomuchforusovertheyears.使業(yè)務(wù)或影響伸開/伸出使行動、情感等伸開/伸出至某人處extension

n[C]&[U]

延伸；擴大；延長期：Whenapplyingforavisaextension,statesimplyandclearlythereasonswhyyouneedanextension.

Hewillappealtothestateforanextensionofunemploymentbenefits.Theextensionofthesubwaywilltakeseveralmonths.ThepubhadanextensiononChristmasEve.

擴建部分：Thecityisbuildinganextensiontothesubwayline.

電話分機；分機號碼：Extension520,please!byextension

[正式用語]再則

選必一Unit5Makesthlongertimespaceinfluencebodywelcomeinvitationtoextendaninvitation

發(fā)出邀請toextendmysinceregratitude表達我衷心的感謝toextendafence/road/house

擴建護欄╱公路╱房子to

extendadeadline/visa/life

延長最后期限╱簽證/壽命to

extendbusiness拓展業(yè)務(wù)toextendaverywarmwelcometoourvisitors

向我們的客人表示熱烈的歡迎

extendedhishand伸手

詞匯擴充和助記泛讀

extensivereading 精讀intensivereadingextend：延伸；擴大；推廣；伸出；給予

extension：延長；擴大；范圍；大?。怀叽?；電話分機extent：程度；范圍；長度intend：打算；想要；意指 intention意圖，打算

intensive：加強的；集中的；透徹的；加強語氣的intension：強度，烈度；加強，加劇；緊張

intent：意圖；目的；含義；專心的；急切的；堅決的pretend假裝attend參加tend

照料；趨向于 tendency趨勢trend趨勢；趨向；傾向；動態(tài)；動向tense緊張的，緊繃的；拉緊，繃緊；時態(tài)易混：expandv.(向四周)擴大Iclimbedupthechairnearbyandextendedmyarmsaslongaspossible.我爬上旁邊的椅子，把胳膊盡可能地伸直。Iexplainedtohimwhathadhappenedandsincerelyextendedmyapologytohim.我向他解釋了所發(fā)生的事情，并真誠地向他道歉。(讀后續(xù)寫心理描寫)Finally,hisfaceexpandedwithasatisfied

smilewhenhefinishedit.最后，完工時，他臉上綻放出滿意的笑容。(讀后續(xù)寫動作描寫)Toherdelight,shesawTom

extendinghisarmstowardsheratadistance.令她高興的是，她看到湯姆在遠處向她伸出雙臂。extend

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖

伸開/伸出extend（基本義）使身體部位伸開/伸出使距離或時間伸開/伸出使業(yè)務(wù)或影響伸開/伸出伸開；展開伸出（使）延伸；（使）延長（使）擴大；（使）擴展使行動、情感等伸開/伸出至某人處提供；給予2.League助記：theCommunistYouthLeague

中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團leaguemember團員inaleagueofone’sown獨領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷Britainhasdroppedfromsecondtothirdplaceintheleague.英國在聯(lián)賽中的排名從第二位降到了第三位。Asapainter,heis

inaleagueofhisown

(=muchbetterthanothers).

作為畫家，他獨領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷。They’re

inadifferentleague

fromus.

他們與我們不屬同一個級別。?Whenitcomestocooking,I’m

notin

her

league.

(=sheismuchbetterthanme)?Ahouselikethatis

outofourleague.

(=tooexpensiveforus)

?She’swayoutofmyleague.(Imeanshe’srichandbeautiful.Idon’thaveachance.)theLeagueofNations

國際聯(lián)盟theWomen’sLeagueforPeace

婦女和平聯(lián)盟會議3.withdraw看圖猜詞withdrawmoney取錢Youcanwithdrawamessageintwominutes.

vi&vt（使）撤離；（使）退出：Thetennisplayerwithdrewfromseveraltournamentsduetoinjury.人教新選必④–3Iheardyouplantowithdrawfromthespeechclass.

vi&vt收回（發(fā)言、意見等）：Heshouldeitherwithdrawhisstatementandapologiseorelsebeforeverbrandedasaliar.

vt

提?。ù婵畹龋篒wantedtowithdraw

$400,000tobuyanewhousefrom

mybankaccount.

vi脫離社會；不與人交往：Youneedtobelovedbythepeoplearoundyouverymuch,becauseotherwiseyouwillwithdrawintoyourselfandbegintothinkoftheworldasahostileplace.構(gòu)詞：with-(back回)+draw(topull拉)→往回拉→拿回

(基本義)withdraw(withdrew,withdrawn)v收回（發(fā)言、意見等）提?。ù婵畹龋┠没豾ithdraw（基本義）“拿回”發(fā)言、意見等“拿回”存款等（使）撤離；（使）退出使人從活動或組織中“拿回”withdraw

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖脫離社會；不與人交往從社交活動中“拿回”自己頻道sportschannel海峽EnglishChannel4.channel看圖猜詞n[C]

海峽；水渠；航道：ItvanishedonJuly28afterpassingthroughthetheEnglishChannel.

途徑；渠道：Thenwhatarethedifferencesbetweenthegreenchannelandredchannel?Mobilephonereadinghasbecomethemainchannelforhimtogetinformation.OurschoolBBSisausefulchannelofcommunication

betweenteachersandstudents.

頻道：Hechanged/switchedchannelstowatchthebasketballgame.vt把（錢或精力等）導(dǎo)向（某一特定目的）；引導(dǎo)：Mostofhisenergywaschanneledinto

writingandlecturing.

名詞動詞化channel的詞源義及基本義為“航道；水道（bedofrunningwater）”channel

隱喻channel

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖航道；水道channel基本義水流的“航道；水道”傳遞物品、信息等的“航道；水道”觀看電視節(jié)目的“航道；水道”海峽；水渠；航道途徑；渠道頻道4.bond看圖猜詞黏合bondn[C]黏合；紐帶；關(guān)系：Thisnewgluemakesafirmerbondtothewood.Aclose/Anemotionalbondhasdevelopedbetweenthem.Nothingcanbreakthebondbetweenus—notevenallthoseelbowsyougavemeinpractice.

vt&vi（使）黏合；（使）結(jié)合；增強（與某人的）信任關(guān)系：Inthisway,thesugarandwatermoleculesbondtogetherbeforethewatercanfreeze.It’salsoagreatwaytobondwithyourfamily.bond名詞動詞化MarthaandI

haveaveryintensebond.We

areconnected

ata

primal

level.我和瑪莎關(guān)系非常緊密。我們心有靈犀。注釋:

我們可以用bond一詞，可以用beconnected；bond

表示人與人之間的關(guān)系紐帶（somethingthatformsaconnectionbetweenpeopleorgroups,suchasafeelingoffriendshiporsharedideasandexperiences），例句：thespecialbondbetweenmotherandchild

母子間的獨特親密關(guān)系紐帶

Abondoffriendshiphadbeenforgedbetweenthem.

他們之間形成了友誼的紐帶。

haveaveryintensebond的意思就是說兩人的關(guān)系非常密切；aspecialbond感情深，特殊感情

bondn.“紐帶，關(guān)系，感情”

例：Dowehaveaspecialbond?Absolutely.

我們感情深嗎？當(dāng)然。

bond也可以做動詞

表達“建立感情，增進感情”

例：LilywasraisedbyverylovingAsianwomen,inanorphanage,withwhomsheclearlybonded.

莉莉在孤兒院由熱心的亞洲女性撫養(yǎng)，莉莉和她們的感情很深。bondwithsb與某人好好相處、建立信任與聯(lián)系,跟某人套近乎，搞好關(guān)系，培養(yǎng)感情Weshouldbondwith

ourneighborssothatwecanbecomecloserwitheachother.

我們要和鄰居建立聯(lián)系/好好相處，這樣彼此之間才會更親近。bond

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖人和人、抽象事物之間抽象的“黏合”具體物體之間用膠水形成的“黏合”……黏合黏合bond（基本義）nv紐帶；關(guān)系……

（使）結(jié)合；增強（與某人的）信任關(guān)系（使）黏合……5.

inhand

在手頭上，可供使用助記：byhand手工，親手

athand在手邊onhand在手邊；在場；即將發(fā)生handinhand手拉手地，聯(lián)合地

givesb.ahand幫某人一個忙reachouthelpinghand伸出援手

ononehand....ontheotherhand一方面，另一方面withbothhands=allout全力以赴地holdhands手拉手

shakehands握手However,

withnomoneyinhand

tospend,

shesighedandhadtoleave.

然而，手里沒有錢可花，她嘆了口氣，不得不離開。以下為hand的動詞短語

handin上交，提交；呈送handon=passon傳遞，轉(zhuǎn)交handover移交，交出handdown傳下去

handback歸還

handout分發(fā)Shehandedthenapkintome,andthree$20billsfellontomydeskwhenIopenedit.她把餐巾紙遞給我，當(dāng)我打開它時，三張20美元的鈔票掉到了我的桌子上。以下為hand的其它俚語

livefromhandtomouth

收入勉強糊口

Don’tsitonyourhands.

不要袖手旁觀。

Heisagreenhand.他是一個新手。

Let’sgivehimabighand.讓我們給他熱烈的掌聲。續(xù)寫用短語：

takeone’shand牽某人的手

reachforone’shand伸手抓住某人

Shesobbed,hidingherfaceinherhands.她掩面哭泣。Herhandswereshaking.Shewasontheedgeoftears.

她的手在顫抖。她快要哭了。Theywalkedalong,holdinghands

(handinhand).

他們手拉手,并肩走著。Shesmiledandreachedoutahandinwelcome.

她笑著伸出一只手表示歡迎。Sheshruggedandspreadherhands,“That’sallIcantellyou.”

她聳聳肩，攤開雙手說：“我只能告訴你這么多了。”Heshookmyhandsasifwewerelonglostfriends.

他握住我的手好像我們是失散多年的朋友。續(xù)寫佳句翻譯：我們解釋了我們的目的，把毛衣發(fā)給了父母，并祝愿他們的孩子早日康復(fù)。Weexplainedourpurpose,handedoutsweaterstotheparentsandwishedtheirkidsaquickrecovery.Wewereforcedtoreturnhome,empty-handed.我們被迫空手而歸。1.Iwouldliketoextend

my

thanksto

allourteachers,parentsandfamilies,whohavedonesomuchforusovertheyears.2.Iwantedtowithdraw

$4,000

from

mybankaccount.3.Mostofhisenergywas

channeledinto

writing.

4.Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansastronglifelongbondbetween

twopeople.5.Readingwasaspecialwaytobondwith

mychildren.2020全國改本單元金句匯總重難點詞精講profession辨析義log詞源possession搭配義正式用語隱喻cover&coverage一詞多義熟詞生義詞根詞綴mercy詞源和詞根6.profession提到職業(yè)，你能想到哪些單詞？job,work,career…它們都有什么區(qū)別？profession

n[C]職業(yè)；行業(yè)：Heisagoodwriter,althoughheisnotawriterbyprofession.Afewdedicateddoctorshavefoughtforyearstoenlightentheprofession.【溫故】professional

(必修二Unit1)

adj職業(yè)的；專業(yè)的：ThishasbeenmyworsttimeforinjuriessinceIstartedasaprofessionaltennisplayer.

Talkingaboutitinaprofessionalwaywillimpresstheinterviewerdeeply.

n[C]專業(yè)人士；職業(yè)選手：Therewillbeariseinthedemandforhealthcareprofessionals.

professionalism

n[U]專業(yè)水準(zhǔn)；專業(yè)素質(zhì)；職業(yè)化profession

指需要專門技能（尤其是較高教育水平）的職業(yè)、專業(yè)。Heisoneofthegreatestplayersofrecenttimesandisacredittohisprofession.occupation

指某人通常從事的“工作”“職業(yè)”，是正式用語，常用于正式文體或表格中。IsupposeIwaslookingforanoccupationwhichwasgoingtobeanadventure.work

尤指目的是掙錢的工作、職業(yè)。ThoughIhadalotofexperience,Icouldnotfindsatisfyingwork.析辨career

指生涯、職業(yè)。Shefullyintendstocontinuehersportingcareeronceshehasrecoveredfromherinjuries.trade

指行業(yè)，尤指手工職業(yè)、工藝、行當(dāng)。Askilledtradecanoffersecure（穩(wěn)定的）employment,evenintheworsteconomictimes.job

指工作、職位，是可數(shù)名詞。Inthisdayandage,womencanhavechildrenandjobsaswell.析辨7.cover&coverage1.Thefloorwascoveredwithshavingsfromhiswoodcarvings.2.InSoutheastAsiancultures,asmileisfrequentlyusedto

cover

painfulfeelings.3.Sincehefirststartedofferingridestotheyoungpeople,Wilsonhascovered64,000miles.4.Yourparentswillhavetocoveryourtuitionfees.5.Ayoungjournalistwassentto

cover

thewholeevent.

6.Tocoverthecostofhiringabusforthespringouting,eachstudentwillhavetopay$100altogether.

covervt

【溫故】—語境復(fù)習(xí)被覆蓋掩飾走完（一段路程）包括、支付采訪足以支付cover/?k?v?(r)/

n.覆蓋物，套子，蓋子，掩蔽物；(書刊的)封面；掩護；幌子，借口vt.包括；采訪，報導(dǎo)；涉及；行走（一段路程）；掩護；翻唱coverage

/?k?v?r?d?/

n.新聞報道;(書、課程學(xué)習(xí)、電視等的)信息范圍discover

/d??sk?v?(r)/

v.發(fā)現(xiàn)；了解到，認識到【dis-=否定；使失去掩蓋】discovery

/d??sk?v?ri/

n.發(fā)現(xiàn)；被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物（或真相、人）recover

/r??k?v?(r)/

v.康復(fù)，痊愈；恢復(fù)（常態(tài));尋回；【re-=back再，重新】recovery

/r??k?v?ri/

n.恢復(fù)，痊愈；改善，復(fù)蘇uncover

/?n?k?v?(r)/

v.移去覆蓋物；發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭露

覆蓋范圍：Wuhanbasicallyachievedfull5Gnetworkcoverageinkeyindustrialparks.

（書、節(jié)目、課程等的）內(nèi)容范圍；信息范圍：Youwillhavetogetagoodmobilephonewithextensivesignalcoverage.

新聞報道：Whenthejourneyended,Zac’sadventurereceivedwidespreadmediacoverage.人教新選必④–3

保險范圍：Therearewaystocutyourinsurancecostswhilegettingthenecessaryinsurancecoverageyouneed.coverage

n[U](cover+-age)【知新】覆蓋

cover

v（基本義）用某物覆蓋某物覆蓋；遮蓋覆蓋多個抽象事物覆蓋距離或空間覆蓋新聞事件覆蓋費用、花銷涵蓋；包括；

涉及；處理走完（一段路程）；占地采訪；報道足以支付；夠付cover&coverage

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖覆蓋范圍（書、節(jié)目、課程等的）內(nèi)容范圍；信息范圍保險范圍新聞報道coveragecover8.

applaudv.鼓掌vt.稱贊;贊賞派生：applausen.掌聲，喝彩同義：clapv.&n.鼓掌，拍手EveryonecheeredandapplaudedwhentheshowendedasSneha’sfirstmalecharacterturnedoutabigsuccess.演出結(jié)束時，每個人都歡呼起來并鼓掌，因為Sneha的演的第一個男性角色很成功。Alltheaudienceapplaudedhimforhisacceptancespeech:“Idon’tregretlosingthechanceofbecomingachampiontohelpothers.”全場觀眾都為他的獲獎感言鼓掌:“我不后悔因去幫助別人而失去成為冠軍的機會?！盩hunderousapplausebrokeout,withthenameDavidechoingagainandagain.雷鳴般的掌聲響起，大衛(wèi)的名字也反復(fù)回響。Istillkeptrunningonwhenathunderousapplauseburst,whichsignaledthebirthofthechampion.我還在繼續(xù)跑著，這時響起了雷鳴般的掌聲，這標(biāo)志著冠軍的誕生。ImmediatelyJennyfinishedherspeech,astormofapplause

eruptedfromtheclass.珍妮的演講一結(jié)束，教室里就爆發(fā)出一陣?yán)坐Q般的掌聲。9.mercy構(gòu)詞：merc(reward回報、獎勵)+-y(名詞后綴)mercy的詞源義是“回報”，指神對幫助弱小之人的獎勵和恩典，即對其犯下錯誤的寬容和原諒。后來，詞義演變?yōu)椤皩捜荩粦z憫”，詞源同market和merchant。mercy的詞根是merc(trade交易)，源自古羅馬神話中的神使和商業(yè)守護神墨丘利(Mercury)的名字。神對行善之人的“回報”，本質(zhì)上就是一種“交易”，用行善來“交換”神靈對其犯錯的寬恕。mercyn[U]仁慈；憐憫；寬?。篐avemercyon

Antonio,Shylock.Donotbesobitter.

Weshouldnevershowmercytoafraud(欺詐)amongfriends.atthemercyof

完全受……支配；任憑……擺布:Theprofessionisverymuchatthemercyofthemarket.Apersonwhohasnosenseofresponsibilityisatthemercyoftheirowncarelessandthoughtlessbehaviour.

merciful

adj

仁慈的；寬大的：Otherssaywhatheisdoingismerciful.10.possess

possess

意為“擁有；占有”，而當(dāng)我們想表達“有”的意思時，往往想到的是have或者own。那么，possess,have和own三者之間有何異同？該選用哪一個詞來表達“有”才最恰當(dāng)?shù)皿w呢？possess

vt[正式用語][不用于進行時]占有；具有tohaveorownsth：Happinessisnotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwhatwedopossess.2013天津改Helearnedthathorsespossess

manyqualitiesthatmakethemanexcellentchoiceforguidingtheblind.possess是正式用語，常表示擁有、占有，并控制和支配財物等。還可用來指具有某種品質(zhì)、才能、特點或性能等。have是普通用詞，語義廣泛。表示“擁有”之意時，無原因或理由可言，也不表明擁有者和被擁有者之間的任何關(guān)系。own表示對某物有自然的或合法的擁有權(quán)，多指所屬關(guān)系，不管所屬物是否在物主手中。possessionn

(possess+-ion)

[U][正式用語]擁有；占有：Whenherfatherdied,shecameintopossession

ofalargefortune.

[C][常用復(fù)數(shù)]所有物；財產(chǎn)(belongings)：Ofallpossessionsafriendisthemostprecious.——希羅多德[重要詞塊]inpossessionof

占有；擁有：Foreignersarerequiredtobeinpossessionofapassportandvisa.inthepossessionof

為……所有：Twoyearslater,thecompanywasinthepossessionofhisfather.takepossessionof

占有；擁有；占領(lǐng)：Wedidn’ttakepossessionofthecaruntilafewdaysaftertheauction(拍賣會).抽象名詞具體化詞語辨析下面這四個詞均有“財產(chǎn)”之意：possession

指個人財產(chǎn)、私人物品，尤指動產(chǎn)。Weneedtorepairour

possessionsinsteadofthrowingthemaway.belongings

指動產(chǎn)，尤指隨身物品。Hewastoldtopackupallofhislettersandpersonalbelongings.

goods

較為正式，指動產(chǎn)、（可搬運的）私人財產(chǎn)。Weguaranteetodeliveryourgoodswithinaweek.property

較為正式，意為“財產(chǎn)”時不可數(shù)，指個人或組織的所有物、財產(chǎn)、財物。Hetransferredthepropertytohissonwhenhewas70yearsold.11.log英語單詞log

指尚未切割的原木，但又常常用來表示“日志”，尤其是航海日志、飛行日志?！霸尽焙汀叭罩尽敝g到底有什么關(guān)系呢？詞源故事古人在駕駛帆船出海遠航時，常常采用在桅桿上刻道的方法來記錄日期，這就是最原始的航海日志了。由于桅桿是用原木（log）做的，所以記錄在桅桿上的日志自然也就被稱為“l(fā)og”了。logn[C]

原木；（大）木料

航海/飛行日志；（事件的）正式記錄:I’mkeepalogofallhiscomingsandgoings.Areyouworriedaboutyourphonecalllogstobepeeped(偷看)byothers?sleeplikealog/baby［非正式用語］沉睡；酣睡v

vi&vt伐（木）：Theforesthasbeensoheavilyloggedthatitisindangerofdisappearing.

vt

把……記入航海/飛行日志；記錄(record)：Loggingnewspecieswillimproveourunderstandingoflifeontheearth.

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