人教版（2023）選擇性必修 第四冊(cè)Unit 3 Sea Exploration Review Useful Structures不定式用法課件(共32張PPT)

第第頁(yè)人教版（2023）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit3SeaExplorationReviewUsefulStructures不定式用法課件(共32張PPT)(共32張PPT)

2023人教版選擇性必修四Unit3ReviewUsefulStructures

不定式用法課件

Page29

1.Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereading

passage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.

1Asthesubject(S)主語(yǔ)

2Asthepredicative(P)表語(yǔ)

3Astheobject(O)賓語(yǔ)

4Astheobjectcomplement(OC)賓補(bǔ)

5Astheattributive(Attr)定語(yǔ)

6Astheadverbial(Ad)狀語(yǔ)

SuggestedAnswers:

Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassion

for...

MarcoPolo’stalesinspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsea

routesfromwesttoeast.

Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmetto

negotiatetradedeals...

Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueoftheir

ownatthattime.

S

OC

Ad

Attr

Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.

Theaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationand...

Tradinghasgrowngreatly...,andwillcontinuetodosoin

yearstocome.

...whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthe

benefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange.

...therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.

S

P

O

Attr

O

Attr

Chinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditions

toexploretheArctic.

...thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinorder

tounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.

...theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationships

willdriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.

Attr

Attr/Ad

Attr

OC

Attr

課前自主掃描

主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式含義

一般式

完成式

進(jìn)行式\

完成進(jìn)行式\

todo

tobedone

tobe

doing

tohave

done

tohave

beendone

tohave

beendoing

表示不定式動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后

表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前

表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí),不定式動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行

表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前且一直持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí),仍在進(jìn)行

動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成

一、不定式做主語(yǔ)

一、不定式做主語(yǔ)

表示具體的、一次性的、即將的、未做的行為與動(dòng)作；

動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

表示習(xí)慣的、反復(fù)的、多次的、完成的行為與動(dòng)作

e.g.Tosayisonething;todoisanother.

Youcan'thelpwonderinghowharditwasforthepeople

then_______(put)allthoserocksintoplace.

Itispossible_______(walk)orbiketheentire14

kilometers.

toput

towalk

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。

e.g.Itwaswise_________youtorefusehisinvitation.

Itisdifficult________youtofinishthetaskintime.

Itisnecessaryforus______________(remind)ofour

shortcomings.

Itisnice________ofyoutocomeandpickusupatthe

airport.

of

for

tobereminded

of

二、不定式作表語(yǔ)

不定式用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞(be動(dòng)詞)之后，有時(shí)也放在seem,remain等其他少數(shù)連系動(dòng)詞后。不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作往往是具體的、一次性的、將來(lái)的、未做的動(dòng)作。主語(yǔ)通常時(shí)dream、wish、idea、plan、task、purpose、duty、job等的名詞。

e.g.Alotofmachinesremain_______________.(repair)

Hiswishis_________abroadforfurtherstudy.(go)

Sheseems_________________alotinthepastfewyears.

(travel)

toberepaired

togo

tohavetravelled

三、不定式作賓語(yǔ)

常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：

agree,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,happen,intend,learn,plan,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,threaten,wish等。

e.g.Ithappenedto_____________(rain)whenIsteppedoutof

thehouselastnight.

Shepretended____________(read)whenherfather

walkedinside.

Tomagreed__________(come)buthehasnotturnedup

yet.

toberaining

tobereading

tocome

有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義有所區(qū)別。這類動(dòng)詞有remember,forget,regret,try,mean等。

remember/forget/regrettodo

remember/forget/regretdoing

trytodo

trydoing

meantodo

meandoing

記得/忘記/遺憾要做某事

記得/忘記/遺憾做過(guò)某事

設(shè)法做某事

嘗試做某事

打算做某事

意味著

e.g.I’msorrytohavedonethat.Ididn’tmean_________(be)

sorude.

Missingthebusmeans_____________(wait)forhalfan

hour.

Iremember____________________(lock)thedoorwhen

Ilefttheoffice.

Iregret__________(tell)youthatyouhavegotanFinthis

drivingtest.

tobe

waiting

locking/havinglocked

totell

這三個(gè)詞need,want,require既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義和用法不同。

need/want(想要)todosth.

need/want(需要)/require(需要)+doing

(v.-ing主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義)

=need/want(需要)/require(需要)+tobedone

Thetreeswant/need/requirewateringonceamonth.

Thegrasswants/needstobewateredonceaweek.

四、不定式作定語(yǔ)

被only,last,next以及序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。

e.g.Ritawasthefirst__________(come)andthelast__________

(leave).

Hewasthefirstman___________(fly)acrosstheAtlantic.

有些名詞后面常接不定式作定語(yǔ)，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way等。

e.g.Youhavethechance_________(ask)anyquestionsyoulikeafter

thepresentation.

tocome

toleave

tofly

toask

Thequestionwillbediscussedatthemeeting______________

(hold)nextThursdayafternoon.

We'rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision

_____________(make)atthemeetingwillinfluencethefuture

ofourcompany.

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticway_______(see)the

world-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofthecity.

Volunteeringgivesyouachance_________(change)lives,

includingyourown.

Theairport_________________(complete)nextyearwillhelp

promotetourisminthisarea.

tobeheld

tobemade

tosee

tochange

tobecompleted

五、不定式作狀語(yǔ)

不定式作狀語(yǔ)，常表示目的(inorderto/soasto/to)、原因、結(jié)果等。

e.g.Irememberputtingthekeysonthetable,butnowitisnowhere

_____________(see)．

不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于“only+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示未曾預(yù)料到的或令人不快的結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示自然而然的結(jié)果。

e.g.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____________(tell)thetrain

hadalreadyleft.

tobeseen

tobetold

1._________(catch)theplane,Igotupatsixthirtythismorning.2.Millionsofacresorwetlandsweredried________(feed)the

ever-increasingpopulations,greatly___________(reduce)

waterfowls’habitat.

3.Thelocalgovernmentdoesn’thavetosacrificeenvironmental

protection___________(promote)economicgrowth.

4.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,

happy__________(watch)anythingthathappenedtobeon.

5.Theywereverysurprised______________(inform)ofthe

news.

6.Itrainedheavilylastnight,_______(cause)floodinthecity.

Tocatch

tofeed

reducing

topromote

towatch

tobeinformed

causing

7.________(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’d

betterkeepthiscardathand.

8.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriedit

on,only_______(find)itdidn’tfit.

9.Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass_________

(help)childrendevelopteamspirit.

10.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only__________(tell)that

hiswifehadlefthim.

11.Thismachineisveryeasy_________(operate).Anybody

canlearntouseitinafewminutes.

12.Wewereastonished_______(find)thetemplestillinits

originalcondition.

Tomake

tofind

tohelp

tobetold

tooperate

tofind

六、不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

跟不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組：

advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon,dependon

e.g.Weadvisedhim_________(drive)slowlyonthehighway.

Hewasadvised_________(drive)slowlyonthehighway.

Weadvised________(drive)slowlyinthedowntownarea.

todrive

todrive

driving

Hisparentsdon'tallowher_________(go)outatnight.

Shewasnotallowed_________(go)outatnight.

Theydon’tallow__________(smoke)intheoffice.

Theprofessorwasasked_________(give)alectureonwildlife

protection.

感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后常接省to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式to不能省略。

—Didyouhearthebell_________(ring)

—Yes.Iheardit________(ring)twice.

Thenaughtyboywasmade________(read)therulesloudly.

Theguywasseen________(walk)intothebankandhelphimselftosuchalotofmoney.

togo

togo

smoking

togive

ringing

ring

toread

towalk

Jointhewordstomakesentencesusinginfinitives.Thendecidethefunctionofeachinfinitive.

He/encouragedme/participateinthesurfingcompetition.

Heencouragedmetoparticipateinthesurfing

competition.(OC)

2.Thestorm/seems/begettingcloser

Thestormseemstobegettingcloser.(P)

3.Magellan/wasthefirstperson/sailaroundtheworld

Magellanwasthefirstpersontosailaroundtheworld.

(Attr)

4.TheUNpeacekeepingforce/aims/maintainpeaceandprevent

armedconflicts

TheUNpeacekeepingforceaimstomaintainpeaceandprevent

armedconflicts.

5.Thecrowd/stood/applaud/scientists/fortheirimportantocean

researchwork.

Thecrowdstoodtoapplaudscientistsfortheirimportantoceanresearchwork.

6.Itisagoodidea/tax/plasticbottles/sothatpeopleusethemless.

Itisagoodideatotaxplasticbottlessothatpeopleusethemless.

Ad

0

Attr

7.TheJiaolongmannedsubmersible/issaid/beable/reach7

kmunderwater

TheJiaolongmannedsubmersibleissaidtobeabletoreach7kmunderwater.(O;O)

8.Itremains/beseen/whetherornothiscapsulecanwork.

Itremainstobeseenwhetherornothiscapsulecanwork.

(O)

ReadthebeginningofTheLittleMermaidandusetheproperformsoftheverbsinbracketstofillintheblanks.

Faroutintheocean,wherethewaterisasclearasglass,livestheSeaKing.Theoceanistoodeep_____________(measure).Wemayimaginethereisnothingexceptyellowsandunderthesea,butactuallyitisnotrare_________(see)themostuniqueflowersandplants__________(dance)inthefast-movingwater.InthedeepestspotofallstandstheSeaKing’scastle,whichhaswallsofcoralandaroof_________(form)ofbeautifulshells.Themotheroftheking,awisewomanwhoisproud__________________(be)bornintotheroyalfamily,takescareofhissixdaughters.

tomeasure

tosee

dancing

formed

tohavebeenborn

Amongthesixsea-princesses,theyoungestistheprettiest.Althoughshehasdelicateskinlikearose-leafandeyesasblueasthedeepestsea,shehasnofeetbutafishtailjustlikehersisters.Themostcommonwayfortheprincesses________(play)alldaylongis___________________(swim)inthehallsofthecastleoramongtheflowersgrowingoutofthewalls,feedingandtouchingthefish___________(swim)uptotheirhandsthroughthewindows.Theyseem_____________(notworry)aboutanything,exceptfortheyoungest,who…

toplay

toswim/swimming

swimming

nottoworry

1._________animaginarystoryoranexcitingdescriptionofan

event

2._________relatedtothekingorqueenofacountry

3._________toreachanagreementbydiscussion

4._________tostoptakingpartinanactivity

5._________tomakesomethinglongerorlarger

6._________aconnectionbetweenpeople

7._________alevelofquality,ability,etc.

8._________adeeppassageofwaterusedasarouteforships

Page28Exercise

1.Writedownthewordthatmatcheseachdefinition.

tale

royal

negotiate

extend

bond

withdraw

league

channel

1.Theircommonexperiencecreatedastrong_________betweenthem.

2.AsamajorfigureinBritishpolitics,Churchillwasina_________ofhisown.

3.Thedeadlinehasbeen________bytwodays.

4.Iamreadingabookaboutfolk_________andancientlegends.

bond

extended

tales

league

Choosetheappropriatewordsfromabovetocompletethefollowingsentences.

3.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthephrasesinthebox.

1.HenryNormanBethunedevotedhislifeandprofessiontohelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganything_______________.

2.LastsummerwevisitedanislandintheIndianOcean,whoserockycoastlineandlonggoldenbeacheswere________________.

3.Thetennisplayer______________severaltournamentsduetoinjury.

4.Withlotsoffoodanddrink____________,theysetofffortheirpicnic.

inreturn

asighttobehold

asighttobeholdinhandwithdrawfrominreturn

withdrewfrom

inhand

3.Completethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthe

wordsinthebox.

findone’swayboredomreachoutacrossthesea

setsailformthefoundationtalemotivate

In1519,FerdinandMagellan,aPortugueseadventurer,madethefirstvoyagearoundtheworld.On14J