人教課標(biāo)高一必修4 unit 4

(一)基本單詞

represent

vt.代表;象征

approach

vt.&vi.接近;靠近;走近n.

接近;方法;途徑

major

adj.主要的

adult

n.成人;成年人adj.成人的;成熟的

likely

adj.可能的

function

n.作用;功能;職能vi.起作用;運轉(zhuǎn)

ease

n.安逸;舒適vt.減輕(痛苦,憂慮)

subjective

adj.主觀的(二)派生單詞

statement

n.陳述;說明→

state

vt.陳述;說明

association

n.社團(tuán);聯(lián)系;聯(lián)想→

associate

vt.把……聯(lián)系起來

curious

adj.好奇的→

curiously

adv.好奇地→

curiosity

n.好奇心

defend

vt.保護(hù);保衛(wèi)→

defence

n.防御;保衛(wèi)

misunderstand

vt.誤解;誤會→

misunderstanding

n.誤解;誤會

spoken

adj.口語的→

unspoken

adj.未說出口的;非口語的3.

總的來說;通常丟臉背對;背棄以……基礎(chǔ)小心1.

保衛(wèi)……以免受defend

against/from2.

很可能……;有希望……belikely

to

in

general4.舒適;快活;自由自在 atease

lose

face

turn

one’s

back

to

be

based

on

watch

out

However,people

from

places

like

Spain,Italy

or

South

American

countries

approachothers

closelyand

are

more

likely

to

touchthem.

(be

likely

to

do

sth.有可能做某事)在大家庭成長的孩子很可能與其他人相處的更好?！鶦hildren,

who

grow

up

in

a

largefamily,

are

likely

to

getalongwellwithothers.1.representvt.代表;描繪;體現(xiàn);象征;宣稱;說明;使明白【歸納】①represent

sb

as/to

be...

宣布某人為……②represent

sth

to

sb

向某人說明某事;向某人傳達(dá)某事③represent

oneself

as/to

be...

自稱是……【辨析】represent/

on

behalf

of/

stand

for①represent

常用于代表某人、某集團(tuán)、某政府等;也可用于表示某種標(biāo)志代表什么。②on

behalfof

為介詞短語,常作狀語,表示“代表/代替…”。③stand

for其主語往往是符號、數(shù)字、字母等,表示“象征”?！具\用】用represent/on

behalf

of/stand

for的適當(dāng)形式填空He

was

chosen

to

represent

our

school

atthemeeting.What

does“MVP”stand

for

?Thelawyerspoke

on

behalf

of

his client.2.curiously

adv.好奇地【拓展】①curious

adj.好奇的②curiosity

n.好奇心【歸納】①be

curious

about...

對……好奇②be

curioustodo

很想做;急于做③

It

is

curious

that...(should)...……是很奇怪的(從句中用should＋動詞原形)④out

of

curiosity

出于好奇⑤in/with

curiosity＝curiously

好奇地【運用】完成句子 He

wasvery

curiousabout

(感到很好奇)the

people

who

livedupstairs. The

reporter

is

curious

to

know

(很想知道)whether

the

official

is

involved

in

thecase.3.

approach

v.接近;靠近;走近n.

接近;方法;途徑【歸納】①approach

sb

on

sth

就某事與某人洽談(商量,交涉)②be

approaching

快到了③at

the

approach

of

在快到……的時候④make

approaches

to

sb

設(shè)法接近某人⑤approach

to

接近;近似;約等于;(做某事的)方法/方式/態(tài)度【辨析】approach/way/means/method四者都有“方式”“方法”“途徑”之意,但approach

側(cè)重指待人,做事或思考問題的方式;way為一般用語;means指為達(dá)到某種目的或目標(biāo)而采用的方法、手段或途徑;method

指有規(guī)律的,有條理的做法。①表達(dá)“做……的方法”時各自的搭配分別是：the

approach

to

(doing)

sth.the

way

to

do/of

(doing)sth.the

means

of

(doing)sth.

the

method

of

(doing)

sth.②分別與不同的介詞搭配：with

this

method,

in

this

way,

by

thismeans【運用】用approach/way/means/method的適當(dāng)形式填空He

told

me

a

new

approach

tothestudyof

English.You

must

solve

this

problem

with

different

methods

. Theblocksareraisedby

means

ofpulleys(滑輪). There

are

several

possible

ways

ofpayment.4.defend

vt.保護(hù);保衛(wèi)【歸納】①defend

sb/

sth

from/

against

sb/sth

保護(hù)某人(某物)免受傷害,保衛(wèi)某人(某物)②defend

oneself

against

sth

為自己辯護(hù)③in

defence

(of...)為了保衛(wèi)(……)④in

sb’s/sth’s

defence為……辯護(hù);在……的防備下【運用】用適當(dāng)詞填空或完成句子 Shehadtodefendherself

against

theguard

dog.The

duty

of

a

soldier

is

to

defend

his

country

(保衛(wèi)國家)．5.

major

adj.較大的;較重要的;主要的n.

(主修)科目;專業(yè)vi.主修【歸納】①major

in

主修②a

majorsubject

主修科目③major

industries

主要工業(yè)④a

majorproblem

重大問題【運用】一句多譯在大學(xué)里她的專業(yè)是法語。Her

major

is

French

at

college.

She

majors

in

French

at

college.

6.function

n.

功能;作用;機能vi.運行;起作用【拓展】①functional

adj.實用的②表示“起作用,運行”的詞還有work，operate

等。③function

as

起……作用;具有……的功能【運用】完成句子 My

chair

can

also

function

asabed

(當(dāng)床用)．In

your

new

job,

you

will

be

expected

toperform

many

different

functions

(履行許多不同的職責(zé))．1.in

general

總的說來;通?！就卣埂竣賕enerally

speaking

總的來說;一般來說②in

short

簡言之;總之③on

thewhole總的來說【運用】完成句子

Generallyspeaking/Ingeneral

(一般來說),about10%ofthecandidatesare

eventually

offered

positions.

Generallyspeaking/Ingeneral

(一般而言),there

is

a

thriving

black

marketin

vehicle

parts.(general)2.at

ease

舒適;快活;自由自在【拓展】①with

ease

輕易地;毫不費力地②feel/look

at

ease

感到/看上去心情放松③put/set

sb

at

(one's)ease

使某人放松、松弛④take

one’s

ease

休息;輕松一下⑤ease

sbof

sth

減輕某人……【運用】完成句子 He

didn't

feel

at

ease

(感到不自在)inthestrangesurroundings.You’d

better

listen

to

some

light

music

to

put

yourself

at

ease

(讓自己放松一下)。3.

lose

face

丟臉【拓展】①in

(the)

face

of

面對;在……情況下②face

to

face

面對面地③make

a

face/faces

做鬼臉④saveone's

face

保住面子⑤readone'sface

觀察某人的臉色⑥be

facedwith...

面臨;面對【運用】用face的相關(guān)短語填空He

doesn't

want

to

back

down

and

risk losing

face

. I've

never

mether

facetoface

.

We'veonly

talked

on

the

phone.Mike

is

faced

with

thebiggestchallenge

of

his

career.4.

turn

one’s

back

to

背對;背棄【拓展】①turn

back

往回走;折回②getback

恢復(fù);取回③fight

back還擊;還手④bring

back

歸還⑤take

back

帶回;收回⑥look

back

on/upon

回憶;回顧⑦turn

against

(使)轉(zhuǎn)為反對;(使)變成和……敵對;背叛【運用】選用上述詞匯完成下列情景The

other

day

I

went

to

school

to

getback

(取回)my

school

bag.On

the

wayback,

I

saw

two

tall

boys

ahead

of

me.

They

lookedback

(回頭看)nowandthen.Suddenly

they

turned

back

(轉(zhuǎn)身)and

beganto

seize

my

bag.As

a

braveboy

I

decidedto

fight

back

(還擊).Theyweresofrightenedthat

they

ranaway

asfast

aspossible.However,

people

from

places

like

Spain,

Italyor

South

American

countries

approach

othersclosely

and

are

more

likely

to

touch

them.句中be

likely

to

do...表示“很可能/有希望

做…”,其主語是sb/sth即構(gòu)成“sb/sth

islikely

to

do

sth”這一句型,也可以使用“It

islikely

that...”句型,但不能說“It

is

likely

forsb

todosth”。如：Itis

likely

that

they

will

go

to

Italy

for

theirhoneymoon.＝They

will

be

likely

to

go

to

Italy

fortheirhoneymoon.他們有可能去意大利度蜜月。He

is

likely

to

arrive

a

bitlate.他可能會晚到一會兒。likely/possible/probable①likely是指從外表、跡象上進(jìn)行判斷,有可能發(fā)生;possible

指客觀上有可能,但往往

含有希望很小的意味;probable

的可能性

比possible大,表示“很可能,十有八九”?？赡苄杂尚〉酱笠来螢閜ossible,likely,probable?！颈嫖觥竣趌ikely既可以用人也可以用物作主語,常用句型是:It

is

likely

that...或sb/sthis

likelyto...;possible和probable都不能用人作主語,常用句型有:It

is

possible

(for

sb.)to

do

sth.或Itispossiblethat...;probable只能用It

isprobable

that...句型?！具\用】完成句子 If

you

can

find

suitable

learningmethods,your

learning

efficiency

is

likely

to

be

improved

(可能會得到提高)．

Itislikely/probable/possiblethat

(有可能)the

important

meeting

will

be

put

offtill

nextweek.Ⅰ.用短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 Allthepeoplewereunitedto

defend

their

country

against

enemies.The

news

that

his

family

were

safe

in

thefloodputtheoldman at

ease

.He

is

such

a

selfish

person

thathe

turns

his

back

to

hisfriendswheneverthey

got

into

trouble.

Youngdrivers

are

farmore likely

to

have

accidents

than

older

drivers.John's

careless

work

made

him lose

face

withhisemployer.Ⅱ.漢譯英

你們應(yīng)向管理層說明你們的不滿。

You

should

represent

y