2019-2020同步外研英語選修六新突破課時(shí)分層作業(yè)：9LearningaboutLanguageWord版含解析

課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(九)[語言知識練習(xí)固基礎(chǔ)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Onecangainalotofexperiencewhiledoing(do)apart-timejob.2．Wedidn'tdaretomakeasoundforfearofwakingthesleepingbaby.3．ThePresidentrefusedtoanswer(answer)furtherquestionsonthesubject.4．Hisagewasevidentinhisgrayhairandwrinkled(wrinkle)face.5．Hearingthestrangesound,thechildwasshakingwithfear.6．Canceriscausedbychemicalsintheairwebreathe(breath),thewaterwedrink,andthefoodweeat.7．Thesceneofthetrafficaccidentiscoveredwithbloodandbrains,whichisextremelydisgusting(disgust)．8．Hewasputintoprisonbecausehemurdered(murder)anoldlady.9．ItisexpectedthatthebridgewillhavebeencompletedbynextApril.10．Seeingterrifiedpeopletryingtogetoutofaburningbuilding,hestoodthere,terrified．(terrify)Ⅱ.選詞填空forthefirsttime,burnout,contrastwith,throwoneselfon,againandagain1．It'snormalforyoutofeelnervouswhenyouwentontheplatformforthefirsttime．2．Hisactionscontrastsharplywithhispromises.3．Thehotelwascompletelyburntout;onlythewallsremained.4．Ihaveexplainedagainandagain,butevennowtheydonotunderstand.5．Ifeltabittiredafteralongtrip.SoIthrewmyselfonthecouchandfellasleepsoon.[高考題型練習(xí)提能力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedinNorthAmerica,theybroughtEuropeandiseaseswiththem.Then,hugenumbersofNativeAmericansbegandyingfromsmallpox(天花)infection.Five-hundred-year-olddocumentsrecordthistale,butnowscientistssaythey'vefoundotherevidenceburieddeepinsidehumancells.Inanewstudy，BrendanO'FallonandLarsFehrenSchmitzreportevidencefoundingenesthattheNativeAmericanpopulationdroppedbyhalfafterthearrivalofEuropeans.O'FallonstudiesgenesatARUPLaboratoriesinSaltLakeCity,whileFehrenSchmitzisascientistwhostudieshumankind,attheUniversityofGottingeninGermany.Cellsmakeupeverypartofthebody.Deepinsidealmosteverycellisalong，coiledmolecule(盤繞顆粒)calledDNA.GenesarepartsofDNAthatplayimportantrolesindeterminingone'slife.Geneshelpdetermineaperson'sappearance,suchasskincolorandheight,andalsoplayaroleinmanythingsyoucan'tsee,likethechanceofgettingadisease.Geneschangeovertime,andbyfollowingthesechangesscientistscanlearnaboutaperson'sancestors.O'FallonandFehrenSchmitzlookedatgenesinthemitochondriaofcells.(Mitochondriaarelikefactoriesthathelpcellsuseenergyfromfood.)ThescientistscomparedDNAfromtheremainsofancientNativeAmericanswithDNAfromlivingpeopledescended(遺傳)fromNativeAmericans.Thescientistsstudiedpatternsinthegenesfromthetwogroupsandidentifiedwaysthatthepatternschangedovertime.Usingstatistics,whichincludesusefulmathematicaltoolsforanalyzinglargeamountsofdata,theresearcherswereabletojudgethesizeoftheNativeAmericanpopulationbeforeandaftertheEuropeans'arrival.ThecomparisonshowedthenumberofnativepeoplereducedsharplyafterEuropeansettlerslandedintheNewWorld.Earliergeneticstudiesdidn'thaveevidenceoftheNativeAmericandie-off.Scientistsinvolvedinthenewstudysaythatthere'snowmoredatafromancientremains,soresearcherscangetabetterideaofwhathappened.【語篇解讀】基因承載了人類遺傳密碼，是隨時(shí)間的推移而不斷變化的。通過對基因的分析和研究，人們可以解開很多秘密。1．WhenEuropeansettlersarrived,theybroughttoNorthAmerica.A．smallpoxdiseaseC．otherevidenceB．olddocumentsD．a(chǎn)newstudyA[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenEuropeansettlersarrivedin...dyingfromsmallpox(天花)infection.”可知?dú)W洲殖民者進(jìn)入北美洲時(shí)，也帶去了傳染病，所以A項(xiàng)正確。]2．GeneshelpdeterminemanythingsofapersonEXCEPTA．a(chǎn)person'sappearance．B．a(chǎn)person'sskincolorC．a(chǎn)person'sheightD．a(chǎn)person'ssuccessD[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Geneshelpdetermineaperson's...chanceofgettingadisease.”可知基因可決定一個(gè)人的外表、膚色、身高，或得某種疾病的可能，而不是一個(gè)人的成功。所以D項(xiàng)正確。]3．ThescientistsgottheresultofthestudybyA．followinggenes'changeovertimeB．studyinggenesofancientpeopleC．a(chǎn)nalyzinglargeamountsofdataD．findingoutgenesinthecells．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第arrival.”可知通過分析對比數(shù)據(jù)，得出歐洲人C項(xiàng)正確。五段“Usingstatistics，whichincludes...Europeans'到美洲前后美洲居民的數(shù)量，從而得出最后的結(jié)論。所以]4．WhatcanbetheBESTtitleofthispassage?A．ScientistsWorkingonGenesB．GenesTellanOldStoryC．Europeans'ArrivalinAmericaD．DNAChangesOverTimeB[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講的是研究基因，通過數(shù)據(jù)分析的方式來找到歷A項(xiàng)意思是“研究基因的科學(xué)家”；C項(xiàng)意思是“歐洲人來到美洲”；D“DNA隨時(shí)間變化”，表述都比較偏頗，與本文主要內(nèi)容不符。所以史事件的證據(jù)。項(xiàng)意思是B項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.完形填空AfewdaysagoIsawtwobabyducklingsthatwerelostinthegrass.1，oneofthemwasfounddead,andIdecidedtotaketheotheronein2hegotbigenoughto3himself.WhenIdecidedtotakehimin,hewasactuallybeingfollowedbyastarving4，soitwasagoodthingthatIsavedhim.Atfirstheshowed5，butafterseveraldaysheseemed6worriedaboutmeasIfedhimsomecornwhichhecertainlyseemedto7．Aftersavingthelittleduck,Ispottedaplaceappropriateforhim，a8wherehemightcatchsmallfish.Iwas9himandfeedinghimeveryday,andrecentlyhewasdoingwell.I10thathewouldhavebeenkilledbyacatifIhadn't11him.WhenIwasoriginally12takinghimin,Ihadotherstellmeto“l(fā)etnaturetakeitscourse”．However,thisisanabsurdandcontradictory13.Whenhumanswanttodo14things，suchaskillinganimals15food,theywillappealtonature.Atthattime,intheirmind,theyarepartofnature.16，whenitcomestodoingsomethingconstructiveandhelpful,allofasuddenthey'renotpartofnatureandtheyshouldjust17backand“l(fā)etnaturetakeitscourse”．Weshouldn'tpickand18whenwearepartofnaturesimplyto19ourownself-centereddesires.Ifwearepartofnature,thenhelpinga(n)20inneedislettingnaturetakeitscourseinthetrueandmostnobleway.【語篇解讀】作者在池塘邊遇到兩只被遺棄的小鴨，其中一只死掉之后，作者不顧別人的勸說把剩下的一只收養(yǎng)起來，并且對它照顧得很好。從這件事情中，作者感悟到幫助需要幫助的動(dòng)物就是順應(yīng)自然。1．A.CuriouslyC．AmazinglyB．UnfortunatelyD．HonestlyB[前面提到在池塘邊的草叢中有兩只迷失的小鴨，后面提到其中一只小鴨死了，所以此處應(yīng)該是“不幸地是(unfortunately)”。]B．unlessD．a(chǎn)lthough2．A.untilC．ifA[此處表示作者決定將收養(yǎng)另外一只小鴨，一直(until)等到它長大，自己能夠照顧自己。]3．A.cometoC．playwithB．lookafterD．keeptoB[語境為：我決定撫養(yǎng)這只鴨子，直到它長大能夠照顧自己為止。lookafter，“照顧，照料”，符合語境。]4．A.duckC．catB．gooseD．dogC[此處語境是：當(dāng)我決定收養(yǎng)它的時(shí)候，它實(shí)際上被一只饑餓的貓盯上了，所以我收養(yǎng)它是做了一件好事。由下文“hewouldhavebeenkilledbyacatifIhadn't5．A.fearC．respectA[此處語境為：剛開始的時(shí)候，它有點(diǎn)怕我，但幾天之后，就不那么怕我了。him”可知。B．pityD．sadness]]6．A.nearlyC．extremelyB．lessD．slightlyB[此處表示小鴨對作者態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，剛開始有點(diǎn)怕，隨著作者用糧食喂養(yǎng)他，小鴨對作者不太擔(dān)心了。所以用比較級less。]7．A.witnessB．cherishD．teaseC．enjoyC[由此句中的“fedhimsomecorn”、“certainly”兩處信息可推斷，此句語境是：“我拿糧食喂它，看起來它當(dāng)然很喜歡(enjoy)吃”。]8．A.treeC．boxB．bowlD．pondD[根據(jù)“wherehemightcatchsmallfish”可知，pond為最佳選項(xiàng)。]9．A.callingforC．a(chǎn)daptingtoB．checkingonD．turningtoB[此處語境為“我每天都去看看(checkon)它，并且給它喂點(diǎn)吃的，最近它，核實(shí)”。]狀況良好?！眂heckon意為“查對、檢查10．A.claimedC．figuredB．showedD．provedC[此處語境為“我認(rèn)為(figure)如果不是我發(fā)現(xiàn)了它，它可能已經(jīng)被貓叼走”figure意為“認(rèn)為，認(rèn)定”。]B．neglectedD．grasped，如果那天我了。11．A.curedC．foundC[根據(jù)上下文，選項(xiàng)found符合語境沒發(fā)現(xiàn)他的話，他就會(huì)被貓吃掉。]12．A.imaginingC．riskingB．recommendingD．consideringD[當(dāng)作者最初考慮(consider)要收養(yǎng)它的時(shí)候，有人告訴他“順其自然”吧。]13．A