2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.CommunityLanguagelearningtakesitsprinciplefromthemoregeneralcounseling-learningapproachdevelopedby______.A.JamesAsherB.CalebGattegnoC.CharlesCurrenD.GeorgiLozanov2.______made"contextofsituation"akeyconceptinthetechniqueoftheLondonSchoolofLinguistics.A.J.R.FirthB.N.ChomskyC.Ｂ.MalinowskiD.M.Ａ.K.Halliday3.Listthefourperiodsofthehistoryofforeignlanguageteaching.4.Krashen'smonitorhypothesisstatesthatlearninghasonlyonefunction,andthatisasa______.5.AccordingtotheAudiolingualMethod,languagesamplescanbe______describedatanystructurallevel.6.TheTotalPhysicalResponsemethod,putforwardby______,isalanguageteachingmethodwhichattemptstoteachlanguagethroughphysicalactivities.A.JamesAsherB.CalebGattegnoC.CharlesCurranD.GeorgiLozanov7.TheSilentWayisbasedontheprinciplethatsuccessfullearninginvolvescommitmentofthe______tolanguageacquisitionthroughtheuseofsilentawarenessandthenactivetrial.8.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthehypothesesputforwardbyStephenKrashen?A.Theacquisition-learninghypothesis.B.Thenaturalorderhypothesis.C.Theinputhypothesis.D.Thehypothesisoflinguisticuniversals.9.HowdoestheCognitiveApproachmakeupforallthedisadvantagesoftheAudiolingualMethod?10.Oneofthestudyareasinpragmaticsishowutterancesareaffectedbytherelationshipbetween______.A.thespeakersB.thehearersC.thereaderandthewriterD.thespeakerandthehearer11.Generallyspeaking,FLTMisan______scienceanditmakesuseoftheoriesofdifferentsubjects.12.AudiolingualMethodologistsusedialoguesasthemainformoflanguagepresentationand______

asthemaintrainingtechniques.A.sentencepatternsB.drillsC.sentenceanalysisD.languagepoints13.Whatdoesthe"comprehensibleinput"mean?14.Studentswillbe______motivatedtolearnaforeignlanguagewhentheyfeeltheyarelearningtodosomethingwiththelanguagetheystudy.A.littleB.moreC.lessD.least15.Accordingtoastructuralview,whatcharacteristicsdoeslanguagehave?16.TheAudiolingualismdevelopedfromtheAudiolingualMethodfirstadoptedformilitarypurposesintheSecondWorldWarwasformedbythe______.A.mid-1950sB.late1950sC.mid-1940sD.late1940s17.______made"contextofsituation"akeyconceptinthetechniqueoftheLondonSchoolofLinguistics.A.J.R.Firth

B.N.ChomskyC.B.MalinowskiD.M.A.K.Halliday18.ByChomsky'sideasaboutlanguageacquisition,childrendonothavetobetaughtorcorrectedfortheir______.19.WhatarethereasonsfortheriseandfalloftheAudiolingualMethod?20.TheSwisspsychologist______establishedhistheoryofcognitivedevelopmentintheearly1960s,whoregardedcognitivedevelopmentasessentiallyaprocessofmaturation.A.J.PiagetB.NoamChomskyC.J.Ｂ.BrunerD.Ｄ.Ausubel21.ForGrammar-TranslationMethod,______isthebasicunitoflanguagelearningandteaching.22.Bruneremphasizedactiverestructuringofknowledgethroughexperiencewiththe______.23.The______modelisthecenterofKrashen'ssecondlanguagelearningtheory.24.Itisbelievedthatgrammaranalysisandtranslationbegantobethebasicproceduresinforeignlanguageteachingfrom______.A.about2,500yearsagoB.almost1,000yearsagoC.the16thcenturyD.thebeginningofthe20thcentury25.Languageisbesttaughtwhenitisbeingusedtotransmit______.26.Thestrategyofcombininggrammarruleswith______wasadoptedbymanyforeignlanguageteachersinthe19thcentury.27.Psychoanalysisisatheoryofthemindputforwardby______.A.JohnWatsonB.SigmundFreudC.JeanPiagetD.Ｄ.E.Skinner28.Drillisthecenterofpracticein______.A.theAudiolingualMethodB.theCognitiveApproachC.theGrammar-TranslationMethodD.theCommunicativeApproach29.Theprecursoroffunctionallinguisticswasananthropologistcalled______.A.J.R.FirthB.BronislawMalinowskiC.M.Ａ.K.HallidayD.JeanPiaget30.Short-rangeobjectivesofanAudiolingualprogramincludetraininginlisteningcomprehension,accurate______,readingcomprehensionandproductionofcorrectsentencesinwriting.31.Howdoyouinterprettheideaof"communicatinginEnglish"inyourcase,asalearnerofEnglish?32.PalmerworkedasateacherofEnglishinJapanformanyyears,workingtowardstwocomplementary______inEnglishlanguageteaching.33.TheNaturalApproachbelievesthattheteachingof______shouldbedelayeduntilcomprehensionskillsareestablished.A.listeningB.speakingC.readingD.writing34.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueintheGrammar-TranslationMethod?A.L1wasmaintainedasthereferencesystemintheacquisitionofL2.B.L2wasmaintainedasthereferencesystemintheacquisitionofL1.C.LatinwasmaintainedasthereferencesystemintheacquisitionofL2.D.LatinwasmaintainedasthereferencesystemintheacquisitionofL1.35.ThecoreoftheNaturalApproachis______whichisconsideredasubconsciousprocess.A.languagelearningB.linguisticcompetenceC.linguisticcapacityD.languageacquisition36.WhataretheadvantagesoftheAudiolingualMethod?37.AccordingtoCanaleandSwain,______competencereferstoanunderstandingofthesocialcontextinwhichcommunicationtakesplace.A.discourseB.sociolinguisticC.strategicD.grammatical38.______usesdialoguesasthemainformoflanguagepresentationanddrillsasthemaintrainingtechniques.A.theAudiolingualMethodB.theCognitiveApproachC.theGrammar-TranslationMethodD.theCommunicativeApproach39.WhatisthecoreofaGrammar-Translationclassroom?40.Transformationalgenerativelinguisticswasfirstputforwardby______.A.HallidayB.ChomskyC.BloomfieldD.Krashen41.The______Approachemphasizesonnaturalcommunicationratherthanformalgrammarstudyandistoleranceoflearners'errors.42.Piagetconsidersthatconceptualgrowthoccursbecausethechildorganizesactionsinto______throughtheprocessesofassimilationandaccomadation.43.Theobjectiveaccordingtocognitiveproponentsistodevelopthestudents'abilitytothepointatwhichtheyhavea______controlovertherulesthatallownativespeakerstocreatethelanguagenecessarytocommunicate.44.InCommunicativeApproach,threekindsofmaterialsarecurrentlyused.Theyarelabeled

"text-based","task-based"and"______".45.TheCognitiveApproachlaysemphasisonthe______acquisitionoflanguageasameaningfulsystem.46.Krashenidentifiesthreekindsofaffectivevariablesrelatedtosecondlanguageacquisition:______.A.motivation,self-confidenceandanxietyB.comprehension,acquisitionandanxietyC.input,competenceandself-confidenceD.situation,motivationandself-confidence47.TrulycommunicativeactivitieshavethreefeaturesaccordingtoMorrow.Whatarethey?48.InDirectMethod,thebasicunitoflanguageisthe______.A.wordB.phraseC.sentenceD.paragraph49.TheAudiolingualMethoduses______asthemainformoflanguagepresentationanddrillsasthemaintrainingtechniques.50.ThetwoforerunnersofAmerican______areFranzBoasandEdwardSapir.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：C[解析]團(tuán)體語言教學(xué)法是從CharlesCurren的咨詢學(xué)習(xí)法(counseling-learning)發(fā)展而來的。2.參考答案：A[解析]術(shù)語“語境”一詞由馬利諾夫斯基創(chuàng)造，但是卻是弗斯使這一術(shù)語成為倫敦語言學(xué)派教學(xué)法中的一個(gè)重要概念的。3.參考答案：①TheReformMovement

②Modemlanguageteachingandresearch

③Structurallanguageteaching

④Communicativelanguageteaching4.參考答案：monitor[解析]自然法奠基人克拉申提出了自我監(jiān)測模式(MonitorModel)，認(rèn)為學(xué)得(learning)和習(xí)得(acquisition)在第二語言運(yùn)用中的具體表現(xiàn)方式是不一樣的，自我監(jiān)測假設(shè)表明學(xué)得僅具有一種功能，就是自我監(jiān)測功能，它利用清楚的語法知識(shí)來確定要表達(dá)語言的形式。5.參考答案：exhaustively[解析]聽說法認(rèn)為我們可以無窮盡地(exhaustively)在任何結(jié)構(gòu)層面上描述語言。6.參考答案：A[解析]全身反應(yīng)法(TotalPhysicalResponseMethod)是試圖通過身體動(dòng)作來教語言的教學(xué)法，其倡導(dǎo)者是阿舍(Asher)。選項(xiàng)B加蒂格諾(Gattegno)倡導(dǎo)的是沉默法(SilentMethod)，認(rèn)為課堂上教師應(yīng)盡量少說話，而鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多。說話。選項(xiàng)C柯倫是集體語言教學(xué)法的提倡者，該方法建議教師要把學(xué)生當(dāng)成一個(gè)“完整的人”(wholeperson)來對待，所以有時(shí)這種方法也叫“人文主義教學(xué)法”(HumanisticApproach)，選項(xiàng)D洛扎諾夫(Lozanov)提倡的是暗示法(Suggestopaedia)，它認(rèn)為，學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)當(dāng)對自己認(rèn)為存在的那些局限性進(jìn)行“反暗示”，以便更好地利用腦力資源。7.參考答案：self[解析]沉默法認(rèn)為成功的學(xué)習(xí)要通過沉默意識(shí)和積極嘗試使自我融入語言習(xí)得。8.參考答案：D[解析]克拉中的理論包括以下五個(gè)基本假設(shè)：習(xí)得-學(xué)習(xí)假設(shè)(Theacquisition-learninghypothesis)、自我監(jiān)測假設(shè)(Themonitorhypothesis)、自然順序假設(shè)(Thenaturalorderhypothesis)、語言輸入假設(shè)(Theinputhypothesis)、情感過濾器假設(shè)(Theaffectivefilterhypothesis)。9.參考答案：AstheAudiolingualMethodWasonthedeclineinthe1960sandmanyshortcomingswerefoundinit,suchas:(1)Weakbasisofitstheory.(2)Notdevelopinglanguagecompetence,lackofeffectiveness,andboredomcausedbyendlesspatterndrills.(3)Learnershavinglittlecontrolovertheirlearning.(4)Teacher'sdominationoftheclass.(5)Teacher-orientedmaterials.Inresponsetothecriticismsleveledagainstaudiolingualism,theCognitiveApporachdevelopedasanaltenative.Inthemeantimethestructurallinguisticsgavewaytothegenerativelinguisticsthatturnedtheattentionfrommechanisticconditioningtomeaningfullearning.ThereappearedmanyadvantagesabouttheCognitiveApproach:(1)Stressoncreativityandmeaning.(2)Moreactiveuseofmentalpower.(3)Suitableforadultlanguagelearners.(4)Enjoyableandmeaningfullearning.(5)Moreeffectivelearningbydrawingonstudents'experience.(6)Integratingallfourskills.(7)Givingstudents'opportunitytodevelopfunctionalandperformanceskills.(8)DrawingonthelatestdevelopmentoflinguisticsandpsychologyandFLTtheories.(9)Morescientific.10.參考答案：D[解析]語用學(xué)(pragmatics)與交際法密切相關(guān)，是一門研究語言在交際中運(yùn)用的學(xué)科。語用學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究句子與其所使用的語境、情境之間的關(guān)系。其研究包括已有的知識(shí)與話語運(yùn)用之間相互作用的關(guān)系、說話者如何運(yùn)用和理解言語行為、說話者與受話者之間的關(guān)系是如何影響句子結(jié)構(gòu)等等。11.參考答案：inter-disciplinary[解析]外語教學(xué)法是一門跨學(xué)科的科學(xué)，它涉及語言學(xué)、心理學(xué)、心理語言學(xué)、社會(huì)語言學(xué)等多種學(xué)科的理論。因此，要學(xué)好這門課程，就要求我們對這些理論有所了解，并了解外語教學(xué)法與其相關(guān)學(xué)科的關(guān)系。12.參考答案：B[解析]根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)主義語言學(xué)和行為主義心理學(xué)的理論，聽說法具有如下特點(diǎn)：(1)四種技能的劃分(Listening，speaking，reading，writing)；(2)對話(Dialogues)是語言教學(xué)的主要方式；(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)模仿、記憶和句型操練(Mimicry，memorization，patterndrills)；(4)課堂中避免母語；(5)使用語言實(shí)驗(yàn)室(Languagelab)。其中句型操練是聽說法教學(xué)的核心。13.參考答案："Comprehensibleinput"referstoutterancesthatthelearnerunderstandsbasedonthecontextinwhichtheyareusedaswellasthelanguageinwhichtheyarephrased.14.參考答案：B[解析]此題考查交際教學(xué)法的內(nèi)容。學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)用外語做事情會(huì)增強(qiáng)他們學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)。15.參考答案：(1)Elementsinalanguageareproducedinarule-governed(structured)way.

(2)Languagesamplescouldbeexhaustivelydescribedatanystructurallevelofdescription.

(3)Languageisstructuredlikeapyramid,thatis,linguisticlevelsaresystemswithinsystems.16.參考答案：A[解析]聽說法“二戰(zhàn)”時(shí)期在美國興起，發(fā)展到20世紀(jì)50年代中期形成聽說主義(Audiolingualism)。17.參考答案：A[解析]術(shù)語“語境”一詞由馬利諾夫斯基創(chuàng)造，但是卻是弗斯使這一術(shù)語成為倫敦語言學(xué)派教學(xué)法中的一個(gè)重要概念的。18.參考答案：mistakes[解析]喬姆斯基認(rèn)為，兒童生來就具有語言習(xí)得機(jī)制(LAD:LanguageAcquisitionDevice)，不需要教他們語言，也不需要糾正其語言錯(cuò)誤，只要讓他們生活在語言環(huán)境之中，就能學(xué)會(huì)語言，并且在不知不覺中掌握其語言規(guī)則。19.參考答案：AudiolingualMethodcomesfromthetheoriesandideasofbehaviourismandstructuralism.Itwasverypopularinthe1950s.Towardstheendofthe1950s,transformationalgenerativelinguisticsstartedawaragainstitandfinallybroughtitdownfromitsdominantposition.20.參考答案：A[解析]選項(xiàng)A的J.Piaget是瑞典心理學(xué)家，其認(rèn)知發(fā)展理論認(rèn)為認(rèn)知的發(fā)展是逐漸成熟的過程。其余選項(xiàng)也是認(rèn)知理論相關(guān)的語言學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家，但是與題意不符。21.參考答案：sentence[解析]語法翻譯法認(rèn)為語言學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)的基本單位是句子。22.參考答案：environment[解析]Bruner是認(rèn)知法的代表，他強(qiáng)調(diào)知識(shí)的積極重建過程是(environment)的互動(dòng)。23.參考答案：monitor[解析]克拉申(Krashen)是自然法的倡導(dǎo)者。他提出的自我監(jiān)測模式(MonitorModel)是他的第二語言學(xué)習(xí)理論的中心。24.參考答案：C[解析]盡管語法翻譯法的歷史并沒有完整詳細(xì)的文件記載(documentation)，但有一點(diǎn)可以證明，語法分析(grammaranalysis)和翻譯(translation)在十六世紀(jì)已開始成為外語教學(xué)最基本的程式。因此選C。25.參考答案：messages[解析]Languageisbesttaughtwhenitisbeingusedtotransmitmessages.

自然法認(rèn)為語言輸入是任何一種語言教學(xué)大綱中最重要的部分，當(dāng)語言只有在被用來傳達(dá)信息，而不是有意識(shí)的為教語言而教語言時(shí)，才最有利于學(xué)習(xí)。26.參考答案：translation[解析]19世紀(jì)，越來越多的外語教學(xué)法專家采用了語法加翻譯的教學(xué)方法。這種方法在課堂教學(xué)和教材編寫中得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。這樣，語法翻譯法就成為學(xué)校教授現(xiàn)代語言最主要的教學(xué)方法。27.參考答案：B[解析]精神分析法的創(chuàng)始人是Freud。28.參考答案：A[解析]聽說法訓(xùn)練語言的核心方法是操練。29.參考答案：B[解析]Malinowski是功能語言學(xué)流派的先驅(qū)，他是一個(gè)人類學(xué)家。A，C選項(xiàng)的Firth和Halliday同樣也是繼Malinowski之后的功能語言學(xué)的代表人物。選項(xiàng)D的Piaget是瑞士的著名認(rèn)知心理學(xué)家。30.參考答案：pronunciation[解析]布魯克斯(Brooks)把聽說法的課程教學(xué)目標(biāo)分為近期目標(biāo)和遠(yuǎn)期目標(biāo)。其中近期目標(biāo)包括訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽力理解能力、準(zhǔn)確的發(fā)音、閱讀理解能力和在寫作中使用正確句子的能力。31.參考答案：ForalearnerofEnglishwhoisstudyinginanon-English-speakingsetting,"communicatinginEnglish"meanstoexperiencerealcommunicativesituationsinwhichIlearntoexpressmyownideas,viewsandattitudes,andinwhichIamtakenseriouslyaspeople.MeaningfulcommunicativeactivitiesonmyEnglishlevelwillimprovemylanguageperformanceandgeneratemyinterest.32.參考答案：objective[解析]帕爾默在日本從事英語語言教學(xué)研究多年，一直致力于兩個(gè)相輔相成的目標(biāo)。目標(biāo)之一是以在日本學(xué)校行之有效的具體形式來實(shí)施口語教學(xué)法的原則；另一個(gè)目標(biāo)是建立控制詞匯的原則。33.參考答案：B[解析]自然法強(qiáng)調(diào)語言理解的核心作用并認(rèn)為：只有具備了理解能力才能教授說話的技能。34.參考答案：A[解析]語法翻譯法所依托的語言理論是由歷史比較語言學(xué)派生出來的，通過將目標(biāo)語拉丁語和希臘語和第一語言作對比，將第一語言看作是習(xí)得目標(biāo)語過程中的參照系統(tǒng)。35.參考答案：D[解析]克拉申(Krashen)認(rèn)為第二語言的學(xué)習(xí)者可隨意地使用兩種完全明顯而相互獨(dú)立的方法來發(fā)展和提高其第二語言能力，一個(gè)是習(xí)得(Acquisition)，一個(gè)是學(xué)習(xí)(Learning)。其中習(xí)得是在一種自然交流的環(huán)境中通過語言有意義的相互作用而產(chǎn)生的，是潛意識(shí)過程(subconsciousprocess)導(dǎo)致“語言能力”的提高，而不是通過有意識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)語法規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)B是喬姆斯基將語言劃分為兩個(gè)模式：語言能力(Linguisticcompetence)和語言表達(dá)能力(Linguisticperformance)。36.參考答案：①Thefirstmethodtohaveatheory:Theaudiolingualtheoryisprobablythefirstlanguageteachingtheorythatopenlyclaimstobederivedfromlinguisticsandpsychology.

②Makinglanguageteachingpossibletolargegroupsoflearners:Itattemptstomakelanguagelearningaccessibletolargegroupsofordinarylearners.Withlargeclasses,drillsareofparticularuseinthattheymaximizestudentparticipation.

③Emphasizingsentenceproduction,controlovergrammaticalstructuresanddevelopmentoforalability:TheAudiolingualMethodstressessyntacticalprogressionandusespatterndrillstohelpthestudentsgaincontrolovergrammaticalstructureswhichisamuchmoreinterestingwayoflearninggrammarthanworkingthroughwrittenexercises.What'smore,drillingcanbepositivelybeneficialinhelpingastudenttodevelophisoralability.

④Developingsimpletechniquesandmakinguseoflanguagelab:Itleadstothedevelopmentofsimpletechniquesofvaried,gradedandintensivepracticeofspecificfeaturesofthelanguage,andmorescientificallyselectedandsystematicallyarrangedmaterialsandstructuralpatternstogowith.Moreover,theteachingtechniqueswithtaperecordingsandlanguagelabdrillsofferpracticeinspeakingandlisteningwhichareconsideredofprimaryimportanceinlanguagelearning.

⑤Developingtheseparationofthelanguageskills:TheAudiolingualMethoddevelopstheseparationofthelanguageskill