新課標英語：專題一+語法填空+第二部分+第七節(jié)+Word版含解析

第七節(jié)特殊句式1．China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.(2018·全國Ⅱ)答案feeding解析考查狀語從句的省略。句意為：中國在養(yǎng)活了全國人民的同時，又保護了環(huán)境。這一做法為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食政策制定者提供了很有用的經(jīng)驗。while后面省略了Chinais,構成“連詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”形式，故填feeding。2．Ordinarysoap，(use)correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2018·北京)答案used解析考查狀語從句的省略。usedcorrectly是ifitisusedcorrectly這個條件狀語從句的省略形式。句意為：普通的肥皂，如果使用得當，可以有效地清除細菌。故填used。3．Inanyunsafesituation，simply(press)thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.(2018·北京)答案press解析此處是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。句意為：在任何不安全的情況下，只要按一下按鈕，訓練有素的工作人員就會給予你所需要的幫助。故填press。4．Itcouldbeanything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—butwhateveritis，(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.(2016·全國Ⅱ)答案make解析考查祈使句中的動詞。根據(jù)句子結構可知，本句是but連接的并列句，結構為“陳述句＋but＋祈使句”。此處為祈使句，故謂語要用動詞原形make。1．祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句2．感嘆句：記準what＋名詞或名詞詞組，how＋adj./adv.①What＋a/an＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語(系動詞)!②What＋adj.＋復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語(系動詞)!③How＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語(系動詞)!④How＋adj./adv.＋主語＋謂語(系動詞)!3．狀語從句的省略①when/while/after/until/till/if/unless/as(正如)/though等引導的狀語從句中，從句的主語是it且從句的謂語含有be動詞的某種形式時，省略主語和be動詞，如ifso/not,ifever，ifany，ifpossible，ifconvenient等。②狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致或從句主語為it，且從句的謂語含有be動詞的某種形式時，從句的主語和be可同時省略。1．Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccounttheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.(2019·天津)答案should解析考查倒裝和情態(tài)動詞。句意為：教授警告學生說在他的課上絕不應該使用手機。onnoaccount(絕不)具有否定意義，置于句首時，句子應使用部分倒裝結構；再結合句意“不應該”可知，應填should。2．ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.(2018·天津)答案that解析句意為：直到汽車停在我們的房子前時我們才看見莉莉坐在乘客座上。分析題干可知本句是一個強調句，被強調的是onlywhen引導的時間狀語從句。根據(jù)強調句的結構，可知填that。答案that解析考查強調句型。句意為：正是當我回到公寓時，我第一次偶然遇見了我的新鄰居們。強調句的判斷方法是將Itis/was與that去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一個成分完整的句子。經(jīng)判斷，“WhenIgotbacktomyapartment，Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可斷定本句是強調句，并且強調的是時間狀語，故空格處應用that。4．Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.(2016·江蘇)答案did解析考查倒裝句。句意為：直到最近他們才鼓勵農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游相關的活動。根據(jù)句首的Notuntilrecently可知，本句要用部分倒裝形式，encourage表示的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，用一般過去時，故填did。1．強調句①強調句型：Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that＋其他部分(強調的部分是人，也可以用who，去掉itis/was和that仍然是個完整的句子)。Itis/wasnotuntil...that...是對notuntil引導的時間狀語從句的強調。②對謂語動詞的強調是do/does/did＋動詞原形。2．部分倒裝：①形式：助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞提前到主語前面，后面動詞恢復原形。3．完全倒裝：謂語動詞完全提前到主語前面。①here/there，up/down，now/then，in/out，away/off或者表地點的介詞短語放句首時，用完全倒裝。②therebe句型表客觀存在性，there不能替換為they或it。be動詞的數(shù)要和后面離它近的名詞保持一致。如：Thereisachairandseveraltables.Thereareseveraltablesandachair.增分訓練增分單句訓練單句語法填空1．Itwasin1996Songquithisjobasaprofessorandpurchaseda200,000squaremeterplotoflandinamountainousforestarea.答案that2．Exceptionswillbeallowedforstudentswithcertainphysicalormentalconditions，if______(prove)bymedicalstaff.答案proved/proven解析句意為：如經(jīng)醫(yī)務人員證明，患有某些身體或精神疾病的學生可獲豁免。if引導的是省略句，省略了itis，it代指certainphysicalormentalconditions，與prove之間是被動關系，所以用過去分詞形式。故填proved/proven。3．unforgettabletheexperiencewas！答案How解析考查感嘆句。結構為：How＋adj.＋主語＋謂語！句意為：真是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷呀！因為位于句首，首字母大寫，故填How。4．Aroundthispoint(develop)thestory，whichishumorousandfullofastronglocalflavor.答案develops解析考查完全倒裝。句意為：圍繞這一點展開的故事，幽默風趣，充滿濃郁的鄉(xiāng)土氣息。分析句子可知，aroundthispoint為表示地點的短語，同時主語不是人稱代詞，故需用完全倒裝，把整個謂語放在主語之前。又因后文的is可知時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語story為單數(shù)形式，故填三單形式develops。5．Ifoundthecityfascinatingtotour，butitwasthedesertreallyappealedtome.答案that解析考查強調句型。把itwas和該空去掉，這個句子仍然結構完整，語義清晰，所以這個句子是一個強調句，所以填that。6．Ioftenwonderifitismistrustcausesmisunderstandingandconflictbetweenpeople.答案that解析考查強調句型。句意為：我經(jīng)常想是不是不信任導致了人們之間的誤解和沖突。本句考查了強調句型，強調的是名詞mistrust，指物，使用that強調。故填that。增分寫作訓練——特殊句式在寫作中的應用1．AsanEnglishmajor，mylearningexperiencecontributestomyfreecommunicationwithlocals.(用強調句型升級)(2019·全國Ⅰ)AsanEnglishmajor，itismylearningexperiencethatcontributestomyfreecommunicationwithlocals.2．Itwillnotonlybeagreatopportunityforyoutoshowyourexcellence，butalsowecancooperatewitheachothertowinourglory.(用notonly放句首的部分倒裝句升級)(2019·全國Ⅱ)Notonlywillitbeagreatopportunityforyoutoshowyourexcellence，butalsowecancooperatewitheachothertowinourglory.3．Ifyouarewell-prepared，youwilldefinitelyfeelconfident.Therefore，youaremorelikelytoscoregoals.(用“only＋狀語”放句首的部分倒裝升級)(2019·全國Ⅱ)Onlyifyouarewell-preparedwillyoudefinitelyfeelconfident.Therefore，youaremorelikelytoscoregoals.4．Ifitisconvenient，pleasecomeandenjoytheappealingperformancestobeheldontheMusicFestival.(用狀語從句的省略升級)(2019·全國Ⅲ)Ifconvenient，pleasecomeandenjoytheappealingperformancestobeheldontheMusicFestival.強化練(八)Ⅰ.語法填空AThepopulationofthemiluaroundChina’sPoyangLake1.(grow)from47to55sinceagroupoftheraredeerwasreleased(釋放)thereaboutayearago.YangQibo，whoisinchargeofPoyangCounty’swildlifeprotectionstation，toldthepublicthattheyhadrecorded2.birthof8deeroverthepastyear.LastApril，3.(improve)biodiversityinthelocalwetlandecosystem，Chinareleased47deerintothewildaroundPoyangLake，thecountry’slargestfreshwaterlake.Thespecies’sudden4.(disappear)occurredaround1,000yearsagointhisarea.Localofficialssaidthedeeradaptedwelltothenewenvironmentandcoexisted5.(peaceful)withlocalvillagers.Wheneveradeer6.(spot)，villagerswouldalwaysreportittowildlifeauthorities.Thereweresomecases7.thevillagers’cropsweredamagedbythedeer，buttheyusuallychosetodrivethedeerawayinsteadofhurtingthem.Themilu，alsoknownasPèreDavid’sdeer，isnativetoChina.InChinaitbearsthe8.(humor)name“sibuxiang”or“l(fā)ikenoneofthefour”foritsuniquefeatures.Thewetlanddeerspeciesisput9.A-levelstateprotectionafteroverhuntingandhabitat(棲息地)lossledtoitsnearly10.(die)1．答案hasgrown解析考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。since引導的從句用了一般過去時，主句謂語動詞的動作已經(jīng)完成，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時。population作主語時，若作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)；若著眼于成員或個體，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)。根據(jù)下文中的“from47to55”可知此處是作為一個整體看待，故此處用單數(shù)形式。2．答案the3．答案toimprove解析考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處所在部分是非謂語動詞短語，且作目的狀語，故要填不定式。4．答案disappearance解析考查詞性轉換。此處作主語，要用名詞形式disappearance。5．答案peacefully解析考查詞性轉換。空處修飾謂語動詞coexisted，故用副詞peacefully。6．答案wasspotted解析考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語adeer是單數(shù)，與謂語spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)”是被動關系，要用被動語態(tài)；再根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)可知，從句要用一般過去時。注意：spot的過去分詞要雙寫t，再加-ed。7．答案where解析考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞cases，cases表示抽象的地點，且關系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，故要用關系副詞where。8．答案humorous解析考查詞性轉換?？仗幾鞫ㄕZ修飾name，故要用所給詞的形容詞形式humorous“詼諧的，滑稽有趣的”。9．答案under解析考查介詞。under常與protection連用，表示“在……的保護下”，故要用介詞under。10．答案dying解析考查非謂語動詞。leadto中的to是介詞，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。分析句子結構可知，此處是動名詞的復合結構，故填dying。BItwassaidthatShennongtasted11.(vary)herbsinordertomasterthecharacteristicsofherbalmedicine.Hewaspoisonedsomeseventytimesadaybutwascuredbyaccidentallyeatingtealeaves.Sincethen，tea12.(become)oneofthemostpopulardrinksfirstinChinaandthenallovertheworld.Fromhistoricalrecords，teawasfamousasadrinkinthetimeofConfuciusandgrewin13.(popular)duringtheHanDynasty.BythetimeoftheTangDynastyteawasthenationaldrinkofChina,14.(spread)fromcourtcirclestobeingpopularthroughoutChinesesociety.Itwasduringthistime15.thepracticeofsendingthefinestteastotheemperor’scourtasatribute(貢品)tohimdeveloped.AncientTeaHorseRoad(茶馬古道)wasatraderoutein16.past，connectingTibet，YunnanandSichuan.Ithadbeentheimportantpathalongwhichtea，horses，silkproductsandtraditionalChineseherbalmedicinewere17.(constant)transportedandtraded，alsoknown18.theSouthernSilkRoad.TodayChinaremainsoneofthelargest19.(provide)ofqualityteas.Greenteasrepresent75%to80%ofChina’scurrentconsumption.Therestoftheproductionofgreenteas，andlotsoftheblackteas20.(export)．eq\x(語篇解讀本文是說明文，主要介紹了中國茶文化的歷史和現(xiàn)狀。)11．答案various解析考查詞性轉換。據(jù)說為了掌握草藥的特性，神農(nóng)嘗過各種各樣的藥草。此處需用形容詞various修飾名詞herbs。12．答案hasbecome解析考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。自那時起，茶就首先在中國成了最受歡迎的飲料之一，隨后在世界流行。根據(jù)句中的“Sincethen”可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時。又因主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填hasbecome。13．答案popularity解析考查詞性轉換。inpopularity受歡迎，流行，為固定短語。14．答案spreading解析考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應填非謂語動詞，又spread與其邏輯主語tea之間為主謂關系，故應用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式在句中作伴隨狀語。15．答案that解析考查強調句。分析句子結構可知，本句為強調句型“Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋其他部分”，被強調部分為時間狀語duringthistime，故空處應填that。16．答案the解析考查冠詞。inthepast在過去，為固定短語。17．答案constantly解析考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞constantly“經(jīng)常地，持續(xù)不斷地”作狀語修飾從句的謂語動詞。18．答案as解析考查介詞。beknownas...作為……而出名，為固定用法。19．答案providers解析考查名詞單復數(shù)。今天中國仍然是最大的上乘茶葉供應國之一。此處為固定結構“oneofthe＋形容詞最高級＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”，表示“最……之一”。故空處應填providers。20．答案areexported解析考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，空處在句中作謂語，此處表示一種客觀情況，故應用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語Therestoftheproductionofgreenteas，andlotsoftheblackteas為復數(shù)，謂語動詞應用復數(shù)；又export與主語之間是被動關系，故應用被動語態(tài)。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2019·寧夏銀川一中二模)FabienCousteauwasbornwithdeeplovefortheocean.Hisgrandfatherandhisfatherwereoceanexplorersanddocumentaryfilmmakers.Fabienspenthisearlyyearsonhisgrandfather’sships.Today，F(xiàn)abienfollowsinhisfamily’sfootstepstoprotecttheplanet’sendangeredoceanlife.Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience，hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000－2002，hecreatedaTVspecialcalledAttackoftheMysterySharkbasedonthesharkattacksthatoccurredalongtheNewJerseyshorelineinthesummerof1916.Thenin2003－2006，withthehelpofalargecrew，F(xiàn)abiencreatedasharksubmarine(潛水艇)thatenabledhimtoputhimselfinsidethesharkworld，providingpeoplewitharareviewofthemysteriousandoftenmisunderstoodcreatures.Forthenextfouryears(2006－2010)，F(xiàn)abienwaspartofaseriescalled，OceanAdventures，whichofferedararelookintosomeofthemostfantasticoceanspecies(物種)andenvironments.In2010，F(xiàn)abienstarted“PlantAFish”，anonprofitprojectforchildrentohelprestorelocalwaterecosystemsbyreplantingkeyoceanspecies.Savetheworld，onefishatatime.Theprojectisstillinprogressnowanditsfinalgoalistoplant1billion“fish”worldwide.FromJune1toJuly2,2014，F(xiàn)abienandhisteamspent31daysunderwatertoresearchhowclimatechangeandpollutionareaffectingtheoceans.Fabien’sMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper，longerandfurther，exposing(顯露)theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘)ofwhatliesbeneath.FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31，aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.語篇解讀文章主要介紹了著名的攝影師FabienCousteau，他子承父業(yè)拍攝海洋生物紀錄片，并為保護海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境做出了一系列的努力。21．WhatisNOTFabien’sjob?A．Oceanexplorer.B．Documentaryfilmmaker.C．Environmentalist.D．Mediamanager.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內容可知，他是一位海洋探險者；根據(jù)最后一段內容可知，他是一位紀錄片制作人；根據(jù)第一段內容可知，他是一位環(huán)保人士；但文中沒有提到他是媒體策劃經(jīng)理，故選D。22．HowisParagraph2developed?A．Byprovidingfacts.B．Byofferinganalyses.C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Bydrawingconclusions.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During2000－2002...Thenin2003－2006...”可知。該段是用列舉事實法敘述他研究的情況。故選A。23．Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.A．Fabien’s“PlantAFish”projecthasalreadyachieveditsfinalgoalB．Fabien’sMission31broketherecordsofformeroceanexplorationsC．Fabien’sTVspecialaboutsharksisbasedonhischildhoodexperiencesD．ittookFabienfouryearstoproduceOceanAdventuresallonhisown答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，F(xiàn)abien’sMission31開辟了一條新路，他走得更深、更久、更遠，把海底的冒險和神秘展示給了世人。也就是說Fabien’sMission31打破了以前海洋探險的記錄。故選B。24．Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthetext?A．ModernTechnology.B．SpaceExploration.C．OutstandingFigures.D．FantasticWildlife.答案C解析文章出處題。根據(jù)整篇短文圍繞Fabien在海洋的探險、保護海洋、拍攝紀錄片等方面的貢獻可推斷，該文章屬于人物類短文。故選C。BJudyWrightandherhusbanddecidedtomoveclosertotheirson，Chris，wholivedinGeorgia.Aboutamonthafterthemove，Judyfellill，sufferingfromherongoingbattleagainstParkinson’sdisease.Herconditionworsenedrapidlyandsherequiredmedicalcareathome.Thefamilyhiredanursingaidwhocanceledatthelastminute.Instead，awomannamedTunDeHectorshowedupinherplace.Oneday，TunDesharedastorywithJudyandherfamily.Sherememberedaparticularlydifficultdayin2014，whenastrangerhadhelpedherwithakindgesture.Shehadrunoutofgas，andwithonly$5inherpocket，waswalkingtoagasstation，gascaninhand.Amansawherwalkingandturnedhiscararound.Hepaidforhergasandgaveherallthecashleftinhiswallet.Uponhearingthestory，Judy’sson，Chris，tookoffhishatandsaid，“Thatwasme！”HewasthestrangerthathadhelpedTunDeonthatdifficultday.DuringthecareofJudy，theWrightfamilylearnedaboutTunDe’sfamilyandherowndream.Thenursingaid，TunDehopedthatonedayshecouldbecomeanOB-GYNnurse.Hertuitionwaspastdueandshehadafamilytocarefor，butshewasdeterminedtoachievethatgoalforherselfandherfamily.JudydiedonJuly9,2017.Insteadofflowers，herfamilyaskedmournerstodonatetoTunDe’seducation，toassistherinpayingforhernursingschool.Inlessthanaweek，theyraisedmorethan$8,000andpresentedherwiththesurprisecheck.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個善有善報的故事。)25．WhydidJudy’sfamilychooseTunDeintheend?A．Tohelpherwithakindgesture.B．Toreplaceanothernursingaid.C．TolookafterJudyinthehospital.D．TogiveJudythebestmedicalcare.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內容可知，朱迪病情急劇惡化，所以需要請家庭護工，但是原本說好的護工在最后一刻反悔了，這時通德出現(xiàn)代替了原本的護工，故答案為B。26．HowmightChrisfeelwhenhearingTunDe’sstory?A．Shocked. B．Thrilled.C．Puzzled. D．Delighted.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thatwasme”后的感嘆號，再結合文意可知，通德分享了自己之前被一個陌生人幫助的故事，克里斯意識到這個陌生人碰巧是自己，由此可推斷克里斯非常震驚，故選A。thrilled興奮的；puzzled迷惑不解的；delighted高興的。27．HowdidtheWrightfamilyhelpTunDeafterJudy’sdeath?A．Theypaidforhereducation.B．Theyhelpedcareforherfamily.C．Theyhelpedherrealizeherdream.D．Theyboughtherasurprisepresent.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，朱迪的家人請求吊唁者不要送花，而是捐款給通德，以幫助她上護理學校實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，故答案為C。28．Whatdoesthewholestorymainlytellus?A．Kindnesscomesfullcircle.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Thetruthneverfearsinvestigation.D．Constantdroppingwearsthestone.答案A解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內容可知，克里斯幾年之前幫助過通德，后來通德又幫助照顧克里斯生病的母親，克里斯的母親去世后，他們一家又幫助通德實現(xiàn)夢想，由此可知本文主要講述：善有善報。故選A。Ⅲ.七選五Nothingismoreimportanttoacademicachievementthanbeingagoodreader.Parentsknowtheirchildrenbestandcanprovidetheone-on-onetimeandattentionthatwillleadthemtosuccessinreading.29.Setasidea“ReadingTime”dailyStudiesshowthatregularlyreadingoutloudtochildrenwillproducesignificantgainsinreadingcomprehension.Whetheryourchildrenarepreschoolersorpreteens，itwillincreasetheirdesiretoreadindependently.SurroundkidswithreadingmaterialsChildrenwithalargenumberofreadingmaterialsintheirhomesscorehigheronstandardizedtests.Attractyourkidstoreadingbyhavingalargesupplyofappealingbooksandmagazinesattheirreadinglevel.30.Makeitafullpartofchildren’slives.HavefamilyreadingtimeSetadaily15-to-30-minutetimewheneveryoneinthefamilyreadstogethersilently.31.Just15minutesofdailypracticeisenoughtoincreasetheirreadingfluency.En