山西省大同市2020屆高三第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精山西省大同市2020屆高三第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題含解析山西省大同市2020屆高三年級(jí)第一次聯(lián)合考試（市直）英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ALastyearmarkedthe100thanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarI。Therewereeventsaroundtheworldinmemoryofthosewhodiedintheconflict。WehavepickedoutthreeoftheminEuropeancountries。Let’stakealook.BelgiumInapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld，RememberMe。Theworkconsistedof600,000individual（個(gè)別的）claysculptures，oneforeachpersonkilledduringtheWorldWar.Inthecenteroftheexhibitionwasabigeggmadeofclay,symbolizinganewworld.UKInasmalltowncalledAldridge，almost100housesinonestreetwerecoveredwith24，000poppiesandstatuesofsoldiers.Theystoodforthemenfromtheareawhohadbeenkilledinthewar.TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915.Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood。FranceTheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille，asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife-sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome.Armedwithglueandabrush，Denningstuckhisdrawingscarefullyonwalls.Beforelong112men,mainlyyoungadults，werebroughtbacktomind,ifnottolife。1.WhatdoweknowaboutComingWorld，RememberMe？A.It'sthenameofanexhibition. B。It’safilmaboutWorldWarI.C。It’saworkstandingforpeace. D.It’sasculpturemadeofclay。2。Whywerepoppieschosentosymbolizethedeadsoldiers？A.TheBritishpeoplepreferredthem。 B。Theyshowedthecrueltyofwar.C。ACanadiandoctorsuggestedthem. D。Thefieldswerefilledwiththem。3.HowwastheendofWorldWarImarkedinFrance?A。Amemorialtothedeadsoldierswasbuilt。B。112woundedsoldiersinthewarwerehelped.C。Drawingsofsomedeadsoldierswereputup.D.Youngadultswereencouragedtojointhearmy?！敬鸢浮?。A2.B3。C【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文.去年是第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束100周年。世界各地都舉行了紀(jì)念戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)死難者的活動(dòng)。本文介紹了歐洲的三個(gè)國(guó)家的是如何進(jìn)行紀(jì)念活動(dòng)的。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Belgium部分的Inapark,thefamousBelgianartistKoenVanmechelenhadanexhibitioncalledComingWorld，RememberMe.可知,ComingWorld,RememberMe是一個(gè)展覽的名字，故選A.【2題詳解】推理判斷題.根據(jù)UK部分的TheflowerswerechosenbecauseofapoemwrittenbytheCanadiandoctorJohnMcCreain1915。Theymadepeoplethinkoffieldsofblood.可知,罌粟花被選來(lái)象征死去的士兵是因?yàn)樗鼈冏屓讼氲窖?想到那些死去的戰(zhàn)士，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)可推斷出，它們展示了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷。故選B.【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)France部分的TheBritishartistGuyDenningarrivedinLaFeuille，asmalltowninthenorthwestofFrance，tosticklife-sizedrawingsofsoldierswhonevercamebackhome。可知,在法國(guó),他們是把死去的戰(zhàn)士的畫像張貼出來(lái)。故選C。BAlongsideairandwater，foodisanecessityforhumanbeingstosurviveandthrive。Butit’salotmorethanthat.AsMarietteDichristinaofScientificAmericanwrote：“Themostintimate（親密的)relationshipwewilleverhaveisnotwithanyfellowhumanbeing.Instead，itisbetweenourbodiesandourfood.”Nowadays，formostpeopleintheworld’swealthiestcountries，foodisahobby,anenthusiasm，andevensomethingfashionable。TurnontheTVintheUS，UKorFrance,andyou’llfindatleastonechannelfeedingthispopularobsession.Andmostofusknowatleastonepersonwhothinksofthemselvesasa“foodie".It’salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen。Butbehindthefancyrecipesandsocialmediabragging(夸耀），manyofusforgethowmuchwetakefoodforgranted.ThisiswhyWorldFoodDayisheldeachyear.TakeKenyaforexample.ThiseastAfricannationhasbeensufferingterribledroughts。Theresultisthatpeoplearebeginningtostarve。Childreninparticulararesuffering,withsomeofthemevendying.Thismayseemshockingtoknow，especiallyasmanyculturesoutsideofAfricathinkoffoodinacompletelydifferentway.ButevenintheUK,familiesonlowincomesareforcedtousefoodbanks—Europeanorganizationsthathandoutdonatedfoodtothosewhocan'taffordtopayforitthemselves.SowhatcanwedoonWorldFoodDay？Onegoodwaytospenditwouldbetofeelhumbleandappreciatewhatwehave.Afterall,foodisessentialforsurvival,butnoteveryoneisasluckyaswearewhenitcomestodinnertime.4。AccordingtoMarietteDichristina，whathastheclosestrelationshipwithus？A.Air。 B。Water.C。Food. D。Humanbeings.5。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“foodie”inParagraph4probablymean?A。Deliciousfood。 B.Apersonfondoffood。C.Asocialmediaapp。 D。Aphotoofdeliciousmeals。6.Whocangethelpfromfoodbanks?A.PoorpeopleintheUK。 B.PoorpeopleinAfrica。C.StarvingchildreninKenya. D。Peopleinthedrought-stricken。7。What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TreatFoodasaHobby B。TimetoAppreciateFoodC。FoodShortageinSomeCountries D。HowtoSpendWorldFoodDay【答案】4.C5。B6.A7。B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。許多人將美食當(dāng)作嗜好，他們?cè)谏缃幻襟w上曬美食照片,享受著美味食品，認(rèn)為美食是理所當(dāng)然的。但是他們并沒有想到在世界的許多地方人們還忍饑挨餓，這就是世界糧食日成立的原因。珍惜糧食,從我做起?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中MarietteDichristina所寫的話“Themostintimate(親密的)relationshipwewilleverhaveisnotwithanyfellowhumanbeing.Instead,itisbetweenourbodiesandourfood”可知，我們最親密的關(guān)系不是人與人之間的關(guān)系，而是我們的身體和食物之間的關(guān)系。據(jù)此可知，MarietteDichristina認(rèn)為和我們關(guān)系最親密的是食物。故選C。【5題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的第二句It'salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen可知,這些人最喜歡在社交媒體軟件上曬美食照片。結(jié)合畫線詞所在句子中的“thinksofthemselvesasa‘foodie'”可以判斷,該處畫線詞指人,故foodie意為“美食愛好者”。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的最后一句ButevenintheUK，familiesonlowincomesareforcedtousefoodbanks—Europeanorganizationsthathandoutdonatedfoodtothosewhocan'taffordtopayforitthemselves可知，即使是在英國(guó)，低收入家庭也被迫要使用食物銀行。該組織是一個(gè)向那些無(wú)錢購(gòu)買食物的人捐贈(zèng)食物的歐洲組織。據(jù)此可知，貧窮的英國(guó)人可以獲得食物銀行的幫助。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，許多人將美食當(dāng)作嗜好，他們?cè)谏缃幻襟w軟件上曬美食照片,享受著美味食品，但是他們并沒有想到在世界的許多地方人們還忍饑挨餓，這就是世界糧食日成立的原因.據(jù)此可知，“到了感激食物的時(shí)候了”最能概括文章主旨，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解通常都會(huì)出現(xiàn)詞義猜測(cè)題。設(shè)題時(shí)，常會(huì)考查生詞或短語(yǔ)的詞義判斷題,要求考生從上下文理解中概括出生詞或短語(yǔ)的詞義?？忌鞔祟愵}型時(shí)，首先要找到所猜測(cè)詞所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基礎(chǔ)之上，對(duì)此詞前后句反復(fù)研讀，最后根據(jù)前后句猜測(cè)出詞義。例如小題2要求猜測(cè)出foodie的含義,就是根據(jù)后句It'salmostimpossiblenowadaystocheckoursocialmediaappswithoutatleasttwoorthreephotosofdeliciousmealsappearingonourscreen可知,這些人最喜歡在社交媒體軟件上曬美食照片.結(jié)合畫線詞所在句子中的“thinksofthemselvesasa‘foodie’”可以判斷，該處畫線詞指人,故foodie意為“美食愛好者”。CTraditionally，robotshavebeenhard，madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus（章魚）。DescribedinsciencejournalNature，the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft，autonomousrobots”thestudy’sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise，repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains（地形）orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers。Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'retakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter。Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone（硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower?！癆lthoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage，itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,"BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology'CenterforMicro—BioRobotics，wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife?！?.What’sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？A。It’ssoft. B。It’smadeofmetal.C.It’sverysmall。 D.Itlookslikeanoctopus.9.What'sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots？A.They’rehardtocontrol. B.They’retooheavytomove.C.Theycan'tpredictconditions. D。Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime。10。OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot's________。A。siliconebody B.complexcomponentsC.precisemovements D。flexiblepowersource11.What'sthepossibleapplicationof“Octobot"？A。Medicalresearch。 B.Liferescue.C。Machineoperation. D.Housecleaning?！敬鸢浮?.A9.D10。D11。B【解析】本文是一篇科普類說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了章魚機(jī)器人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和投入應(yīng)用的可能性。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetal，以及段尾hasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot-onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，Octobot機(jī)器人特點(diǎn)是它很柔軟.故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。從第三段第一句Robotsbuiltforprecise，repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains（地形）orinunpredictableconditions.及本段內(nèi)容可知，傳統(tǒng)機(jī)器人無(wú)法在崎嶇的地形上很好地運(yùn)行，此外，由于沉重的金屬部件，傳統(tǒng)機(jī)器人可能會(huì)對(duì)人體產(chǎn)生傷害，據(jù)此可推斷出,傳統(tǒng)機(jī)器人的缺點(diǎn)是他們不能一直表現(xiàn)得很好.故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段,Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮）body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts，suchasasourceofpower。可知，即使工程師利用硅酮制造出了軟體機(jī)器人的身體，但是制作柔韌性強(qiáng)的關(guān)鍵部件仍然面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，比如動(dòng)力來(lái)源。據(jù)此可知，最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一是柔韌性強(qiáng)的動(dòng)力來(lái)源，故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,”可知，盡管對(duì)軟體機(jī)器人的開發(fā)和研究還處于早期階段,但它適用于諸如搜索救援和探索等任務(wù),故選B。DWhat’ssmall，buzzeshereandthereandvisitsflowers?Ifyousaidbeesorhummingbirds,yougotit.Youwouldn'tbethefirstifyoumixedthetwoup。Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too。Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchforfood.Theideaisthatanimalsuseakindofmathtomakechoicesinordertominimizetheworkittakestoearnmaximumrewards。Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules，liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedrelativetoothers。Itwas“almostlikeanalgorithm(算法)”forefficientsearching,saidDavidPritchard,abiologistattheUniversityofSt.AndrewsinScotland。Hummingbirdsandbeeshadsimilarsolutions.Asthefieldofanimalcognition（認(rèn)知)appeared，hummingbirdandbeeresearchparted。Neuroscientistsandbehavioralecologistsdevelopedwaystostudybeebehaviorinnaturalisticsettings。Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.Tobefair,hummingbirdsandbeesdiffer。Forexample,hummingbirdshavemoreadvancedeyesandbrainsthanbees.Honeybeesandbumblebeesaresocial;hummingbirdstypicallyaren’t。Buthowevertheyperceive(感知）orprocessinformation，theybothexperiencesimilarinformation，Dr。Pritchardsaid。Inday-to—daysearchingforfood，forexample，hummingbirdsmayrelyonmoreofabee’s—eyeviewthanabird’s-eyeview。Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances,buttheydon'tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation。Dr。Pritchardisinvestigatingif,likebees,hummingbirdsengageinviewmatching-hovering,scanningsnapshotsofaplacetoitsmemoryandusingthoseasreferenceslater.12。Whatisthecenterofresearchonhummingbirdsandbeesinthe1970s？A。Memory.B。Movementrules。C。Rewardcalculating.D.Informationprocessing。13.Whichsubject'sresearchmethodswereadoptedtostudythelearningabilityofHummingbirds?A。Math。B。Biology.C。Ecology.D。Psychology。14.Howdoresearchersfindoutthathummingbirdsarenotlikebirds?A.Bysettingthemfree.B。Bymovingflowers。C。Bymatchingview.D。Bymakingmaps。15。Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.HummingbirdsandBeesB.HummingbirdsintheLabC。NewTrendsinStudyingBeesD。ThinkingofHummingbirdsasBees【答案】12.B13.D14.B15。D【解析】本文是一篇科普類短文閱讀。我們經(jīng)常把蜂鳥和蜜蜂搞混，然而科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)研究蜜蜂的方法可以幫助他們研究蜂鳥的行為?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules，liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedrelativetoothers.可知，當(dāng)時(shí)的研究人員把注意力集中在運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)則上。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第三段中Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.可知，蜂鳥研究者采用心理學(xué)的研究方法來(lái)研究它們?cè)趯?shí)驗(yàn)室中學(xué)習(xí)的能力。故選D.【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容及Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravellinglongdistances，buttheydon’tusethesecuestofindflowers。Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower’soriginallocation?？梢酝茢喑鲅芯空?，是通過(guò)移動(dòng)花而發(fā)現(xiàn)蜂鳥不像鳥。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文大意結(jié)合第一段中Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup。Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too。兩句話可以確定最佳標(biāo)題為“把蜂鳥看作蜜蜂”.故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).HowtostayfocusedinclassBeingrelaxedduringclassisabadhabit,anditisalsobadtoyourgrade．Focusinginclassnotonlyprovestoteachersthatyouareacapablestudentbutalsoshowsthatyouhavetheabilitytocontrolyourself，whichwillbeveryimportant．___16___Nomatterhowmuchyouwanttositwithyourfriendsduringtheclass，tryyourbesttoavoidthem．Talkingwithfriendsaroundyouisnotgoingtogiveyouthefocusinclass．Thiswillgetyouintotrouble．Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact．Yourteacherisnotjuststandinguptheretalking．___17___Showtheteacherthatheorshehasyourfullattentionbylookingthemintheeye．Thispersonshouldhaveyourfullattentionatalltimesduringclass．Takenotes．Bytakingnotes,you'llbeableto”getinto”thelesson．Writedownkeypointsasyourteacherspeaks．Andlistentothekeyphrasessuchas"Thisisimportant””Thisisthemainidea"”Thiswillbethetest"etc．___18___Getinvolvedinclassdiscussions．Thisisawonderfulwaytobecomeamorefocused，successfulstudent．Whenateacherasksaquestion，offertoanswerit．___19___Thisshowstheteacherthatyouarelisteningcarefullyduringtheclass．Askaquestion．___20___Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．Chancesarethatsomeoneelseintheclasshasthesamequestion（andwastooafraidtoask!）．They’llberelieved，andsowillyou．A。Avoidsittingwithfriends．BThiscanhelpyoulistenmoreattentively．C.Ifheorsheaskforanopinion,shareyourown．D。Talkingwithfriendsmakesyouloseinterestinclass．E。Heorsheistryingtogiveyouanacceptableeducation．F.Themorequicklyyouanswer,themoreattentionyoupay．G.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask．【答案】16。A17。E18。B19。C20。G【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文,簡(jiǎn)要列舉了幾條如何在課堂上保持注意力集中的建議.【16題詳解】考查上下文推理能力。設(shè)空處為本段主題句。從內(nèi)容上看，本段主要講課堂上盡量不要與朋友坐在一起，因?yàn)榕c周圍的朋友交談會(huì)分散注意力。選項(xiàng)A。Avoidsittingwithfriends(避免和朋友坐在一起）符合題意，故選A項(xiàng).【17題詳解】考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)本段主題句Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact可知，要跟老師進(jìn)行眼神交流.設(shè)空處順接上文,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明課堂上老師不僅僅是在講話，他們其實(shí)是在努力讓自己的課程得到學(xué)生的接受，E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,故選E。【18題詳解】考查上下文推理能力。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題可知話題為“做筆記”，再根據(jù)設(shè)空處上文Bytakingnotes，you'llbeableto”getinto”thelesson．可知課堂上要記筆記，記下老師所講的重點(diǎn),設(shè)空處置于短尾，總結(jié)上文說(shuō)明這樣做的好處,即有利于更專心地聽講，選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境,故選B?！?9題詳解】考查上下文推理能力.本段主題是要加人課堂討論，即當(dāng)老師提出問(wèn)題時(shí)，要主動(dòng)回答。如果他或她想知道大家的觀點(diǎn)，要敢于分享自己的想法，C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境.故選C。【20題詳解】考查上下文推理能力。從內(nèi)容上看，本段主要講課堂上要敢于問(wèn)問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)G承接主題句,引起下一句Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．，敢于問(wèn)問(wèn)題能夠讓老師明白你追求上進(jìn)并且了解你的困惑所在，空格后一句中主語(yǔ)This代指選項(xiàng)G。Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask（如果你有不明白之處，要敢于發(fā)問(wèn))的意思，并做出進(jìn)一步解釋，故選G項(xiàng).第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inoneofmycollegeclasses，wewererequiredtodoanactofkindness。Myprojectincluded____21____lunchforanelderlyperson。WhenI____22____theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked，itnever____23____tomethatitwouldresultinanewfriendshipandthediscoveryofa____24____。ThepersonIvisitedwasBill,whowasunableto____25____much.Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchairbecausehehasno____26____.Billsaidhewasdelightedtoseemeanditwasa____27____forhimtoeatamealwithmebecauseheusuallyeats____28____.Hesaidthefoodwasgreat,butheenjoyedhaving____29____evenmorethanthefood.Billhadhada____30____lifewhenworkingontherailroadandhadmany____31____storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces.Iwas____32____atripbecauseofhisstories。Ihadonce____33____abouttravelingbytrain。However，Iwould____34____begoingbytrainaftermeetingBill.Perhapsthebiggest____35____ofthisprojectwasthatIsuddenlyrealizedthatIam____36____ofworkingwiththeelderly.Spendingtimewiththemwasfun—theyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto___37___。Ontheonehand，Iamagood____38____.Ontheotherhand,olderpeoplewantsomeonetoknowtheirinnerworld，soitisaperfect____39____.Idecidedtofocusmystudiesonthe____40____.Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill。21。A。buying B。delivering C。packing D。preparing22。A.calledon B。cameacross C.pickedup D.turnedto23。A。happened B.appealed C.occurred D。proved24。A.travelplan B。careerpath C。holidaydestination D。cookingskill25。A.talk B.eat C。sit D.walk26。A.money B。relatives C。neighbours D。time27.A。treat B.fancy C.privilege D。waste28。A.slowly B。little C。alone D.unhappily29。A.family B.company C。fun D.health30.A。painful B。hopeful C。peaceful D。colorful31.A.adventurous B。fresh C.absorbing D.satisfying32.A。intending B。pretending C.allowing D。requiring33。A.argued B。hesitated C.thought D.cared34.A。unbelievably B。undoubtedly C.unexpectedly D.unhurriedly35。A。aim B。impression C。problem D。bonus36。A.aware B.proud C。fond D.certain37。A。share B.discuss C。treasure D.gain38。A.student B.cook C。learner D。listener39。A。choice B。deal C。match D.game40.A.old B。poor C。disabled D。homeless【答案】21。D22。A23.C24。B25。D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31。C32。A33。B34.B35。D36。C37。A38.D39.C40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者讀大學(xué)時(shí)，偶然的一次課程讓作者確定了自己未來(lái)的職業(yè)方向?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我的項(xiàng)目包括為一位老人準(zhǔn)備午餐。A。buying買;B.delivering發(fā)表；C。packing包裝；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備，根據(jù)WhenI___2___theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked可知這里意思是我的項(xiàng)目包括為一位老人準(zhǔn)備午餐。故選D.【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)我拿著我做的食物去拜訪老人的時(shí)候，我從來(lái)沒有想到這會(huì)帶來(lái)一段新的友誼和職業(yè)道路的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A。calledon拜訪;B.cameacross偶然遇到;C.pickedup撿起；D.turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向，根據(jù)下文ThepersonIvisitedwasBill可知，這里是“拜訪”老人。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)我拿著我做的食物去拜訪老人的時(shí)候，我從來(lái)沒有想到這會(huì)帶來(lái)一段新的友誼和職業(yè)道路的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A。happenedto碰巧；B。appealedto呼吁；C.occurredto被想到;D.provedto給…證明，固定句型：itoccurredtosb。that某人突然想到。故選C.24題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意:我從來(lái)沒有想到這會(huì)帶來(lái)新的友誼和職業(yè)道路的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A。travelplan旅行計(jì)劃；B。careerpath職業(yè)道路；C。holidaydestination假期目的地;D.cookingskill烹飪技能，根據(jù)Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill可知這里意思是我從來(lái)沒有想到這會(huì)帶來(lái)新的友誼和職業(yè)道路的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我拜訪的人是Bill，不能走路。A.talk說(shuō)話;B.eat吃;C.sit坐；D。walk步行,根據(jù)下文Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchair可知Bill不能走路。故選D.【26題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意:句意：一個(gè)護(hù)士經(jīng)常來(lái)幫助他上下輪椅，因?yàn)樗麤]有親屬。上文Anursecameregularlytohelphimmovetoandfromthewheelchair說(shuō)護(hù)士定期幫他來(lái)來(lái)回回移動(dòng)輪椅,由此可知Bill沒有親戚.A。money錢;B。relatives親戚；C。neighbours鄰居;D。time時(shí)間，故選B.【27題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意:比爾說(shuō)他很高興見到我，和我一起吃飯對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一種樂(lè)事,因?yàn)樗ǔＲ粋€(gè)人吃飯。根據(jù)becauseheusuallyeats___8___.可知Bill說(shuō)他很高興見到我，他說(shuō)和我一起吃飯對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一種款待.A。treat款待;B。fancy幻想；C。privilege特權(quán)；D.waste浪費(fèi)，故選A。【28題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：比爾說(shuō)他很高興見到我,和我一起吃飯對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一種樂(lè)事，因?yàn)樗ǔＲ粋€(gè)人吃飯。根據(jù)上文becausehehasno___6___。說(shuō)他沒有親戚，所以他一定是經(jīng)常獨(dú)自吃飯。A。slowly慢慢地；B。little完全不；C。alone獨(dú)自;D。unhappily不幸地,故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析.句意：他說(shuō)食物很棒，但他更喜歡有人陪伴，勝過(guò)食物.A。family家人；B.company陪伴；C.fun樂(lè)趣；D。health健康，故選B.【30題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意:比爾在鐵路上工作時(shí)過(guò)著豐富多彩的生活。根據(jù)andhadmany___11___storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces。可知Bill在鐵路工作時(shí)，有著豐富多彩的生活。A.painful痛苦的；B.hopeful有希望的；C。peaceful和平的;D.colorful豐富多彩的，故選D.【31題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：比爾在鐵路上工作時(shí)過(guò)著豐富多彩的生活，有許多引人入勝的故事可以講述他到許多地方的旅行.根據(jù)Iwas___12___atripbecauseofhisstories?？芍性S多講述他到許多地方旅行的吸引人的故事.A.adventurous愛冒險(xiǎn)的;B.fresh新鮮的；C。absorbing吸引人的；D。satisfying令人滿意的,故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗墓适?我打算進(jìn)行一次旅行.A.intending打算；B.pretending假裝；C。allowing允許;D.requiring要求，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)猶豫過(guò)乘火車旅行.根據(jù)However，Iwould___14___begoingbytrainaftermeetingBill?？芍以?jīng)猶豫乘火車旅行。A。argued爭(zhēng)論；B。hesitated猶豫；C.thought想;D.cared關(guān)心，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，我在見過(guò)Bill之后，肯定會(huì)坐火車去旅行。A。unbelievably難以置信地；B.undoubtedly確實(shí)地，毋庸置疑的；C。unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.unhurriedly不慌不忙地，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：也許這個(gè)項(xiàng)目最大的好處是我突然意識(shí)到我喜歡和老人一起工作。根據(jù)IsuddenlyrealizedthatIam___16___ofworkingwiththeelderly?？芍@是我這個(gè)項(xiàng)目最大的獎(jiǎng)金。A.aim目標(biāo)；B.impression印象；C。problem問(wèn)題；D.bonus獎(jiǎng)金，故選D.【36題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：也許這個(gè)項(xiàng)目最大的好處是我突然意識(shí)到我喜歡和老人一起工作.根據(jù)Spendingtimewiththemwasfun-theyhavesomuchlifeexperienceto___17___.可知這里意思是我突然意識(shí)到我喜歡和老年人一起活動(dòng)。A.aware意識(shí)到;B.proud驕傲的；C。fond喜歡的;D.certain確信的，故選C。【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：和他們?cè)谝黄鸷苡腥?—他們有很多生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以分享。A.share分享；B。discuss討論；C.treasure財(cái)富；D.gain收獲，故選A。【38題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：一方面，我是一個(gè)好的傾聽者。A.student學(xué)生；B。cook廚師；C.learner初學(xué)者；D。listener傾聽者,故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：另一方面,老年人希望有人了解他們的內(nèi)心世界，所以這是一個(gè)完美的匹配。A。choice選擇；B。deal處理;C。match匹配;D.game游戲，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我決定把研究重點(diǎn)放在老年人身上。根據(jù)Hopefullyinthefuture,IwillworkwiththemtohelpevenmorepeoplelikeBill.可知這里意思是我決定集中研究老年人。A。old古老的；B.poor貧窮的;C.disabled殘疾的；D。homeless無(wú)家可歸的，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如，小題1根據(jù)WhenI___2___theelderlypersonwiththefoodIcooked可知這里意思是我的項(xiàng)目包括為一位老人準(zhǔn)備午餐。A。buying買;B.delivering發(fā)表;C。packing包裝；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備，故選D。小題10根據(jù)andhadmany___11___storiestotellabouthistravelstomanyplaces.可知Bill在鐵路工作時(shí)，有著豐富多彩的生活.A。painful痛苦的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.peaceful和平的;D。colorful豐富多彩的，故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThenumberofHongKongstudentswillingtostudyatChinesemainlanduniversities___41___（reach）arecordhighoverthepasteightyears,___42___moreandmorestudentseyeinginformationtechnology-relatedmajors，aswellaschancestoworkinthemainland。Morethan10,000HongKonghigh—schoolgraduateshaveappliedtouniversitiesintheChinesemainlandin2019，___43___newhighoverthepasteightyears.HongKongstudentscanapplytomainlanduniversitiesviacollegeentranceexams___44___（special）designedfor___45___bytheMinistryofEducationviaaHongKongDiplomaofSecondaryEducation(DSE），also___46___（know）asHongKong’suniversityentranceexamination。AnaLo,aseniorstudentmajoringinenvironmentalscienceatTsinghuaUniversity,___47___alsoparticipatedintheschool’sexchangeactivitiesinHongKong，noticedthegrowingnumberofHongKongstudentsparticipatingintheirpromotionactivitiesand___48___(show）stronginterestinmainlanduniversitiesinthepastthreeyears。InaninterviewwiththeGlobalTimes，Loattributed（把……歸因于）theincreasetothefact___49___someuniversitiesinthemainland,suchasTsinghuaUniversity,aregraduallybecomingacceptedbyHongKongstudents，whoarehopingforbetterlivesinthemainland.Apartfromtheincreaseinnumbers，BaiYu,fromthe________50________（admit）officeofWuhanUniversity,noticedthatHongKongstudents'choicesofstudyhavealsochanged。【答案】41.hasreached42。with43.a44。specially45。them46.known47.who48.showing49。that50。admission【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道.文章講述了越來(lái)越多的香港學(xué)生對(duì)大陸大學(xué)展示出入學(xué)意愿?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:隨著越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生關(guān)注信息技術(shù)相關(guān)專業(yè)和在大陸工作的機(jī)會(huì)，愿意在中國(guó)內(nèi)地大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的香港學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到過(guò)去八年來(lái)的最高記錄.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“overthepasteightyears”可知，句子使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是thenumber。故填hasreached?！?2題詳解】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).句意:隨著越來(lái)越多的學(xué)生關(guān)注信息技術(shù)相關(guān)專業(yè)和在大陸工作的機(jī)會(huì),愿意在中國(guó)內(nèi)地大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的香港學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到過(guò)去八年來(lái)的最高記錄.此處為with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)，該句中students是名詞作賓語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)eyeing…作賓補(bǔ)。故填with.【43題詳解】考查冠詞。句意:2019年超過(guò)10,000名香港高中畢業(yè)生申請(qǐng)了中國(guó)大陸的大學(xué),在過(guò)去八年中達(dá)到了一個(gè)新高。high在這里是名詞,意為“高水平”，此處是泛指，表示“一個(gè)新的高水平”。new是以輔音音素開頭的單詞,所以用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意:香港學(xué)生可以通過(guò)教育部專為他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的高考報(bào)考大陸的大學(xué)。修飾過(guò)去分詞designed使用副詞.故填specially.【45題詳解】考查人稱代詞。句意：香港學(xué)生可以通過(guò)教育部專為他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的高考報(bào)考大陸的大學(xué)。指代前面的students應(yīng)使用they，作賓語(yǔ)使用賓格形式.故填them?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:beknownas:作為……被熟知,exams與動(dòng)詞know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ).故填known。【47題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞.句意：AnaLo是清華大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)專業(yè)的高年級(jí)學(xué)生，也參加了該校在香港的交流活動(dòng)。逗號(hào)后是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是AnaLo，指人，它在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，因此使用who引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句.故填who?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：AnaLo注意到在過(guò)去的三年中，越來(lái)越多的香港學(xué)生參加了他們的推廣活動(dòng),并表現(xiàn)出對(duì)內(nèi)地大學(xué)的濃厚興趣。and連接并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ),即participating…和showing…并列，它們修飾HongKongstudents作后置定語(yǔ)。故填showing.【49題詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意：AnaLo在接受《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)將申請(qǐng)大陸大學(xué)的人數(shù)增加的原因歸于以下事實(shí)：大陸的一些大學(xué)逐漸被香港學(xué)生接受，例如清華大學(xué)。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明名詞fact的內(nèi)容,從句的語(yǔ)義和成分都是完整的。故填that?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：除了申請(qǐng)人數(shù)增加外,武漢大學(xué)招生辦公室的BaiYu還注意到香港學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)選擇也發(fā)生了變化。名詞修飾office作定語(yǔ)，admit的名詞是admission.admissionoffice意為“招生辦公室"。故填admission.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文.文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處.每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（/\），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearChairman,IamLiHua,an18—year—oldfreshman。Iamveryinterestinthepositioninyourposter.SoI’mwritingtorecommendmyselftoyouasamemberoftheschoolTVstation。Wheninseniorhighschool,Iamalsoajournalistoftheschool’snewspaper，thatiswhyIamgoodatwriting.Thereportswrittenbymeoftenpraisedbymuchofmyfellowschoolmatesandteachers.Inaddition,workingasajournalisthelpsmetogrowasaoutgoing，independentandsociableperson。Moreimportantly，IamverycuriousandenthusiasticaboutwhatishappeninginandaroundourcampusthatIcanalwayskeepitupwiththelatestevents.I'msureIwilldevotemetoworkingintheschoolTVstationwhole-hearted.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.【答案】1.interest→interested2.school’s→school3。that→which4.often前面加are5.much→many6。a→an7.very→so8。去掉it9.me→myself10。whole—hearted→whole-heartedly【解析】【分析】本文是一封求職信，李華寫信求職學(xué)校電視臺(tái)的工作,介紹了自己的特長(zhǎng).【詳解】1?？疾楣潭ǘ陶Z(yǔ)。句意:我對(duì)您海報(bào)中的職位非常感興趣。beinterestedin：對(duì)……感興趣。故將interest改為interested。2?？疾槊~作定語(yǔ)。句意：在讀高中時(shí)，我還是校報(bào)的記者，這就是我擅長(zhǎng)寫作的原因?！靶?bào)"為schoolnewspaper,school作為名詞，修飾newspaper作定語(yǔ).故將school’s改為school。3?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。句意：在讀高中時(shí)，我還是校報(bào)的記者，這就是我擅長(zhǎng)寫作的原因。逗號(hào)后面是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代前面句子在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)使用which.故將that改為which。4.考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我寫的報(bào)告經(jīng)常受到很多同學(xué)和老師的稱贊.句子主語(yǔ)reports和praise之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境，可知該句子的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為reports。故在often前面加are.5?？疾榇~.句意：我寫