關系副詞引導的定語從句課件

Unit5GrammarThe

AttributiveClauseUnit5GrammarTheAttributive關系詞先行詞所指關系詞在從句中作用關系代詞that人/物主語、賓語、表語which物主語、賓語,表語who人主語、賓語whom人賓語whose人/物定語(whose+n.)as主語.賓語Theuseoftherelativepronoun(關系代詞)口訣:定語從句三步：第一找出先行詞第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能（做主語、賓語或狀語）第三選擇合適的關系詞關系詞先行詞所指關系詞在從句中作用that人/物主語、賓1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.WhatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoosethebestanswers:1.Thisisall____Iknowabo4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that

5.Isoxygentheonlygas__helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that4.Pleasetakethesecondchai7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,

____

wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it7.Theweatherturnedouttob關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)

where(=in/at/on/underwhich)why(=forwhich)

時間時間狀語地點地點狀語原因原因狀語關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at（一）關系副詞where引導的定語從句。where引導的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞。例：Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.（一）關系副詞where引導的定語從句。知識拓展：1.關系副詞where引導的定語從句可以轉換為“介詞(in/on/at/under等)+which”引導的定語從句。Eg:Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.＝Thehotelinwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.

=Thehotelwhich/thatwestayedinwasn’tclean.知識拓展：＝ThehotelinwhichwestThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.

=ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.ThehousewhereLuXunonceliv2.若定語從句的先行詞是地點，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，用which或that引導定語從句，而不用where來引導。

Thelibrarythat/whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.

2.若定語從句的先行詞是地點，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，用w3.如果定語從句分別修飾point,

situation,stage,condition和case,position等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where/prep+which引導，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。

例：I’vecometothepoint

whereIcan’tstandhim.

3.如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,【典型例題】1.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation

_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.

A.that

B.when

C.which

D.where【典型例題】2.Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.why

B.what

C.that

D.where2.Lifeislikealongrace__3.Ihavereachedapointinmylife

Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.which

B.where

C.how

D.why

3.Ihavereachedapointinm4.TheywillflytoWashington,___theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.where

B.there

C.which

D.when

4.TheywillflytoWashingtonwhen引導的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。例：ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.（二）關系副詞when引導的定語從句when引導的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞。（二）關先行詞是time時若time是作“次數(shù)”講時，應用關系代詞that引導的定語從句，that可以省略。Thisisthesecondtime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.Icouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes(that)I’vefailed.若time

作”一段時間，時代”講時，應用關系副詞when或介詞at/during+which引導的定語從句Thiswasatatimewhen/duingwhichtherewasnoradios,notelephonesornoTVs.先行詞是time時若time是作“次1.Thisisthesecondtime___Ihavebeenhere.2.Canyoustillrememberthetime___wespenttogetherinourchildhood.3.Thefirsttime__hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.(1.that/不填2.that/which3.that/不填)1.Thisisthesecondtime___4)Wearelivinginaage____manythingsaredoneontheInternet.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhoseD.when4)Wearelivinginaage___知識拓展：1.關系副詞when引導的定語從句也可以轉換為“介詞(in/at/on/during)+which”引導的定語從句。Istillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.

知識拓展：2.若定語從句的先行詞是時間，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用which或that引導定語從句。

I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.2.若定語從句的先行詞是時間，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_____local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.if

B.when

C.which

D.since1.Becauseofthefinancialcr2.Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.which

B.whose

C.inwhich

D.withwhich

2.Wewentthroughaperiod__3.Occasionsarequiterare_____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhyD.When3.Occasionsarequiterare__（三）關系副詞why

引導的定語從句。why引導的定語從句其先行詞往往是表示原因的名詞，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。例：Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometothepartyisthathedidn’twanttoseeJane.（三）關系副詞why引導的定語從句。Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhy知識拓展：1.關系副詞why引導的定語從句可以轉換為“for+which”引導的定語從句。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.知識拓展：2.若定語從句的先行詞是reason，但定語從句缺主語或賓語，則用which或that引導定語從句。Thereasonthat/whichshegavemewasnottrue.2.若定語從句的先行詞是reason，但定語從句缺主語或賓即學即用1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.2)Thereason

heexplainedisnottrue.

why

that/which

即學即用why

that/which3)Thereason___hewasabsentwas___hehadabadcold.A.When,becauseB.When,whyC.WhybecauseD.Whythat3)Thereason___hewasabsen(四)Way后接定語從句的情況way后面的定語從句的引導詞有which/

inwhich/that/不填，如：

Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromtheway__________________hespeaks.inwhich(that/不填)(四)Way后接定語從句的情況way后面的定語從句的引填上合適的關系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語缺賓語缺少主語或賓語:引導詞用that/which/不填(缺賓語時)主語賓語都不缺:引導詞用that/inwhich/不填填上合適的關系詞并分析原因：that/which/不填th1.Idon’tliketheway____youlaughather.

Inwhich/that/不填1.Idon’tliketheway____yo（四）判斷關系代詞與關系副詞

（四）判斷關系代詞與關系副詞

1.Thisisthemountainvillage_____

_Ivisitedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedlastyear.3.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which/不填1.Thisisthemountainvillag介詞可后移，此時關系代詞可以省略Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.=Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填

youaskedfor.但是有些固定動詞短語不能拆開，介詞不能提前，只能能夠放在動詞的后面Eg.ThisisXuJinglei’slatestmovie(which/that)sheislookingfor.介詞可后移，此時關系代詞可以省略Thisisthebo1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?A.where

B.that

C.onwhich

D.theone2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?A.where

B.that

C.onwhich

D.theone1.Isthismuseum___youvisi歸納：關系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中作狀語時，應選擇關系副詞(where地點狀語，when時間狀語，why原因狀語)。歸納：“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句介詞后的關系代詞只能是which（指物）whom（指人）“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句介詞后的關系代詞只能是wh介詞選擇的三原則：一介詞根據(jù)從句謂語動詞的搭配習慣而確定

onwhichIspent5yuan.

forwhichIpaid5yuan.ThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot.

aboutwhichTomoften

talks介詞選擇的三原則：一介詞根據(jù)從句謂語動詞的搭配習慣而確定二.介詞根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣而

確定

Iremembertheday

onwhichIjoinedtheParty.

thedays

duringwhichI

livedhere.

themonthinwhicIstayed

there.

二.介詞根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣而

三.介詞根據(jù)從句所表達的意義而

確定Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan’tplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.Learningacountry’scultureislikeopeningawindow,throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter.三.介詞根據(jù)從句所表達的意義而

四.當表示所有關系或是整體中的一部分時，常用ofwhich/whom引導定語從句Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.Thisisthehouse,thewindowsofwhich(whosewindow)areverybeautiful.四.當表示所有關系或是整體中的一部分時，常用ofwh五.介詞短語+關系代詞常見短語：

atthefootof;atthebakeof;infrontof;onthetopofEg:Theystayedinabighotel,infrontofwhichwasagarden.五.介詞短語+關系代詞常見短語：atthefoo六.名詞（代詞/數(shù)詞）+of+關系代詞該結構一般引導非限制性定語從句，在從句中一般做主語Eg;Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininthebigfire.六.名詞（代詞/數(shù)詞）+of+關系代詞該結七.介詞+whose在定語從句中做定語，修飾其后的名詞Eg:SheistheverypersoninwhosepocketIfoundmylostwatch.七.介詞+whose在定語從句中做定語，修飾其后的名1.Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.OfwhichB.WithwithC.AboutwhichD.Intowhich1.Guncontrolisasubject__2.ThehouseIgrewup____hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.InitB.InC.InthatD.Inwhich2.ThehouseIgrewup____ha3.Tomreceivedtraininginacomputerforoneyear,_______hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.AfterthatB.AfterwhichC.AfteritD.Afterthis3.Tomreceivedtrainingina4.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,____wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.Withthat4.Wesawseveralnativesadva5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenWindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedfortenyears.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwas定語從句與其他從句的比較1.非限制性定語從句和單句/并列句的比較Hehastwosons.Bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,andbothof______areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons;bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,bothof_______areteachers.（句）A.them

B.whomA簡單AA并列并列B定語從定語從句與其他從句的比較A簡單AA并列并列B定語從分析：注意標點符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句、簡單句和并列句的一個關鍵。分析：注意標點符號和是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句、簡單句和并列句2.as引導的非限制性定語從句與

it引導的句子Theearthisround,and____isknowntoall.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.

A.(I)it

B.A(a)sABA2.as引導的非限制性定語從句與ABA3.定語從句和狀語從句(1)Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanliftit.（從句）Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanlift.（從句）狀語thatas定語分析：從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。3.定語從句和狀語從句狀語thatas定語分析：從引導詞來(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（從句）Pleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（從句）定語狀語總結：where前面有被修飾的地點名詞時，是定語從句，否則是狀語從句。(2)Pleaseputtheletterint4.when引導的定語從句與強調句句型。ItwasOctober_______wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）ItwasinOctober_____wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）whenthat定語從強調總結：強調句句型：Itis/was+被強調的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉Itis/was…that/who…,句子照樣成立。而定語從句的引導詞在句中要作一成分。4.when引導的定語從句與強調句句型。whenthat定解題技巧：1.通讀全句。首先判斷是什么句型。2.題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳述句式。3.分析從句的句子結構，在定語從句中，缺什么，就補什么：缺主語或賓語，用關系代詞；缺狀語，用關系副詞4.注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列連詞and,but等。解題技巧：即學即用：1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem______noneofusworkedout.

A.that

B.as

C.sothat

D.whichB即學即用：B2)HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_________areouroldfriends.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.themC2)HereareplayersfromJapan3)Itwaseleveno’clock___theywentoutofthecinema.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.onwhichC3)Itwaseleveno’clock___t1.I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays______we

spenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace______________Iworkedtenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich幾種易混的情況及物動詞1.I’llneverforgetthedays4.Iwenttotheplace_______Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.

whichwhy/forwhichthat/which及物動詞及物動詞4.Iwenttotheplace_______1.Lastweek,0nlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse，____wantedtobuythem.A.NoneofthemB.BothofthemC.NoneofwhomD.Neitherofwhom1.Lastweek,0nlytwopeoplThemanpulledoutagoldenwatch,-____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.ThehandsofwhomB.WhomthehandsofC.WhichthehandsofD.ThehandsofwhichThemanpulledoutagoldenwaThenewlybuiltcafe,thewallsof___arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.A.ThatB.ItC.whatD.whichThenewlybuiltcafe,thewallThat’sthenewmachian___partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhoseD.whatThat’sthenewmachian___partsYouwillfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation__youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.WhichB.WhereC.whenD.asYouwillfindtaxiswaitingatJuliewasgoodatGerman,French,andRussian,allof____shespokefluently.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhichD.thatJuliewasgoodatGerman,Fren(2011·四川高考)Thatevening,_______Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A．which

B．thatC．when D．what(2011·四川高考)Thatevening,_____(2011·陜西高考)Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A．which B．where