山西省高一下學期期末考試英語試卷帶有答案解析

第第頁山西省高一下學期期末考試英語試卷(帶有答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘）學校:___________班級：___________姓名：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解AnIntroductiontoFourFamousPaintingsMonaLisaArtist:LeonardodaVinciEstimateddate:1503to1519Wheretoseeit:LouvreMuseum(Paris)Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatamysteriouswomanwithamysterioussmile.Beforethe20thcentury,MonaLisawaslittleknownoutsideartcircles.Butin1911,anex-Louvreemployeestolethepaintingandhiditfortwoyears.Thathelpedstrengthenthepainting’splaceinpopularcultureeversince.LasMeninasArtist:DiegoVelázquezDate:1656Wheretoseeit:MuseodelPrado(Madrid,Spain)Thecomplexityoftheworkhasattractedartcriticsandthepublicforcenturies.Thepaintingservesasagroupportrait(畫像)ofSpanishroyalty,butitisalsoaself-portraitofVelázquezhimselfatwork.LasMeninaswasappointedbyKingPhilipIVofSpain,whoruledfrom1621to1665.GirlwithaPearlEarringArtist:JohannesVermeerEstimateddate:1665Wheretoseeit:Mauritshuis(TheHague,Netherlands)Thegirlwearingablueandgoldturban(頭巾)andanoversizedpearl(珍珠)earringistheentirefocuswithonlyadarkbackdropbehindher.IthasgoneontourintheUnitedStates,ItalyandJapan.Itdrewhugecrowds,furthersupportingitsstatusasoneoftheworld’smostfamousworksofart.TheStarryNightArtist:VincentvanGoghDate:1889Wheretoseeit:MuseumofModernArt(NewYorkCity)Thepainting’sstrikingbluesandyellowsandthedreamyatmospherehaveattractedartloversfordecades.VanGoghwasbeingtreatedformentalillnessinahospitalinSaint-Remy,France,whenhepaintedTheStarryNight.Hewasinspiredbytheviewfromthewindowofhisroom.1．Whichpaintingistheartist’sself-description?A．MonaLisa. B．LasMeninas.C．GirlwithaPearlEarring. D．TheStarryNight.2．WherecanyouseeJohannesVermeer’swork?A．LouvreMuseum. B．MuseodelPrado.C．Mauritshuis. D．MuseumofModernArt.3．WhatwasTheStarryNightbasedon?A．Sightsfromthesickroom. B．Awoman’actofstealing.C．Thelifeofaroyalfamily. D．Theexperienceofbeingill.Failureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.Weexperiencethis,tirednessintwoways:asstart-upfatigue(疲憊)andperformancefatigue.Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseithaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.Yearsago,Iwasaskedtowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritetheminalphabetical(按字母順序),neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday’sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Experienceprovedthattheruleworks.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,boweverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan-thenlettheunconscioustakeover.WhenplanningEncyclopediaBritannica(《大英百科全書》),Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions,butnoneofthemworked.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.4．Whatdoestheauthorrecommenddoingtopreventstart-upfatigue?A．Writingessaysinstrictorder.B．Buildingupphysicalstrength.C．Leavingoutthetoughestideas.D．Dealingwiththehardesttaskfirst.5．Onwhatoccasiondoesapersonprobablysufferfromperformancefatigue?A．Beforestartingadifficulttask.B．Whenallthesolutionsfail.C．Ifthejobisratherboring.D．Afterfindingawayout.6．Accordingtotheauthor,theunconsciousmindmayhelpus________.A．ignorementalproblemsB．getsomenicesleepC．gaincompletereliefD．findtherightsolution7．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．SuccessIsBuiltuponFailureB．HowtoHandlePerformanceFatigueC．GettingoverFatigue:AWaytoSuccessD．Fatigue:AnEarlySignofHealthProblemsAsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化).“Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.”Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.“Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.”BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.8．HowdidToumi’sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A．Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B．Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C．Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.D．Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.9．WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia’sfarmland?A．Lowrainfall. B．Soilpollution. C．Coldweather. D．Forestdamage.10．WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A．Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.B．Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C．Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D．Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.11．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SavingWaterinTunisia B．HoldingbacktheSaharaC．PlantingTreesofNativeSpecies D．FightingPovertyinNorthAfricaThesmartjob-seekersneedtoridthemselvesofseveralstandardmythsaboutinterviewingbeforetheystartlookingforajob.Whatfollowsisalistofsomeoftheseuntruthsandsometipstohelpyoudoyourbestatyournextinterview.Myth1Theaimofinterviewingistoobtainajoboffer.Onlyhalftrue.Therealaimofaninterviewistoobtainthejobyouwant.Thatoftenmeansrejectingjoboffersyoudon’twant!Unskilledjob-seekers,however,becomesousedtoaccommodatingemployers’expectationsthattheyofteneasilyqualifyforjobstheydon’twant.Sobeforeyouhandinyourresignation,besureyouwantthenewone.Myth2Trytocontroltheinterview.Nobodycontrolsaninterview,neitheryounortheinterviewer,althoughoneorbothpartiesoftentry.Whensomebodytriestocontrolus,wehateit.Whenwetrytocontrolsomebody,hemakesusfeeluncomfortable.Remember,youcan’tcontrolwhatanemployerthinksofyou,justashecan’tcontrolwhatyouthinkofhim.Sohangloosewheninterviewing,oryoumaygivepeopletheimpressionthatyouarenotbelievable.Myth3________.Anothersillymyth.Ifyoudon’tdisagreeattimes,youbecome,ineffect,a“yes”woman.Don’tbeafraidtodisagreewithyourinterviewerinanagreeableway.Anddon’thesitatetochangeyourmind.Theworstthatcouldhappenwouldbethattheinterviewersaystohimself,“Thereisapersonwithanopenmind!”Theconventionalwisdomsays“beyourself”trueenough.Buthowmanypeoplecanbethemselvesiftheydon’tfeelfreetodisagree?Clickheretogetmoresillymythsandusefulsuggestions.12．Whatisthispassagetryingtotellus?A．Someacceptedadviceaboutinterviewingisactuallynottrue.B．Interviewsdon’thelppeopletogetthejobstheyreallywant.C．“Yes”womenaremorelikelytogetgoodjobs.D．It’ssillytotakeaninterviewtooseriously.13．WhichofthefollowingmightbeMyth3?A．Alwayspleasetheinterviewer. B．Showgratitudetoyourinterviewer.C．Neverinterrupttheinterviewer. D．Don’tdisagreewiththeinterviewer.14．Inthewriter’sopinion,ajob-seekershould________.A．bewhathehimselfis B．beflexibletochooseajobC．bepoliteandagreewiththeinterviewer D．bewhattheinterviewerwantshimtobe15．Wherecanthepassagemostlikelybefound?A．Inthenewspaper. B．Inthetextbook. C．Onthewebsite. D．Inthemagazine.二、七選五Manystudentshavenotdevelopedgoodstudyhabitsandfindhomeworkquitedifficult.Theydon’tknowhowtodealwiththeirhomework.Herearesometipsthatyoushouldconsider.16Someoftheproblemsmayrequirealotofthinking,soyoumayneedtothinkaboutthemseveraltimesoverseveraldays.Thisistobeexpected,anddoesnotmeanyoudonotunderstandthematerial.Itissimplypartoftheprocessofdoinghardproblems.Donotexpecttobeabletodoallthehomeworkproblemsinonehour.Don’tdoyourhomeworkwiththeTVortheradioon.17StudiesshowthatittakesstudentslongertimetofinishtheirworkiftheywatchTVorlistentotheradio.Ifyoumustlistentomusicwhilestudyingordoinghomework,atleastlistentoclassicalmusic;studiesshowthatthismakesyousmarter.18Thisisoneofthebestwaystolearnthematerial.Ifyoudon’tunderstandit,otherstudentsoftencanhelpitout;ifyoudoknowhowtodoaproblem,explainingittosomeoneelseoftenhelpstosolidifytheprocessforyou.Don’tturninworkthatyouknowiswrongbutpretendthatyouthinkitisright.Itisfarbetternottofinishaproblemthantocontinueonandproduceawronganswer.19Youshouldsaysomethinglike:“Iknowthatsomethinghasgonewrongatthispoint,butIcan’tfigureoutwhat.”andyoushouldalsosaywhyyouthinksomethingisnotright,andwhatyouwouldhavedoneifyoucouldhavecontinuedon.20A．Notallthehomeworkissoeasy.B．Workwithotherstudentsonhomework.C．Youshouldaskyourparentsforadvice.D．Listentosomeclassicalmusicwhendoinghomework.E．Thatwillpreventyoufromconcentratingonyourhomework.F．Noansweratallisbetterthananansweryouknowtobewrong.G．Thereisnoshameinadmittingyoudon’tknowhowtodosomething.三、完形填空Inthedeadoflastwinterduringthepandemic,theBermanfamilychosetofosterapackofpuppies(小狗)andtheirmother,all21forshelter.FivedogsinallmovedintotheirnewhomeattheCanineHumaneNetwork,anonprofitrescueorganizationinHighland,Maryland,US.The4-week-oldpupsneededshelteruntiltheycouldbe22;theirmomhadLymediseaseandtoolittlemother’smilk.So,foramonth,TeresaandMichaelBermanandtheirtwosons23thepupsuntil24homescouldbefound.“Afterdinner,we’dsitaroundand25thepuppiesplay,”saidTeresaBerman,48.“ItwasbetterthanwatchingTV.Ijokedthatthiswasmyplantofightseasonaldepression;thepupsreallydidimproveeveryone’s26.”Thepuppiestripled(增至三倍)inweightduringtheir27andleftintheirwakemorethan1,000photosandvideosoftheirantics(滑稽動作),allofwhichtooktheBermans’28offCOVID-19.Nationwide,thestoryismuch29.In2020,thecoronavirusresultedin15percent30inpetfosteringfromthepreviousyear,accordingtoShelterAnimalsCount,anonprofitdatagroup.“I31theirsiblingrivalry(同胞之爭).Theywouldjumponeachother,pulltailsandplaytug-of-war(拔河),”saidMichaelBerman.Likea32dad,hesaid,“Isentpicturesofthepuppiestomyfriends,andnowgettextmessagesfromtheir33onhowthey’redoing.”Todate,theBermanshave3412dogsfromtheHighlandorganizationinthepastyear.Thevirushas35Michael’sskillsets.“Duringthepandemic,I’velearnedtodotwothings:makebagelsandfosterdogs.”hesaid.21．A．longing B．concerned C．grateful D．ready22．A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．sold C．a(chǎn)dopted D．guided23．A．cleaned B．nursed C．handled D．monitored24．A．independent B．decorated C．effective D．permanent25．A．watch B．make C．help D．hear26．A．dream B．opinion C．mood D．change27．A．a(chǎn)rrival B．walk C．sleep D．stay28．A．a(chǎn)ttitudes B．minds C．goals D．diets29．A．similar B．complex C．obvious D．possible30．A．a(chǎn)ssistance B．rise C．response D．purchase31．A．ignored B．enjoyed C．forgave D．a(chǎn)ided32．A．proud B．frank C．careful D．strange33．A．partners B．parents C．owners D．employers34．A．a(chǎn)djustedto B．contributedto C．tendedto D．handedout35．A．explained B．removed C．replaced D．expanded四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IrelandisanislandintheNorthAtlanticOcean,thesecond-largestislandoftheBritishIsles.Itsbeautifulcountrysidehasalwayshadagreatinfluence36itspeopleandtraditions.Thecountryhasalonghistoryof37(produce)greatwritersandpoets.Itsbeautifulcountryside38(excite)andinspiresall,offeringsomethingforeachofthe39(sense).Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesis40truefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhills41(dot)withsheepandcattle.Anddownbythesea,theroaroftheoceanwavesandcriesoftheseabirdsmakeupthemusicofthecoast.Onaquietmorninginthemountains,feelthesunonyourskin,42breatheinthesweetscentoffreshflowerswhilebirdsgreetthenewdaywiththeirmorningsong.Withallthisbeauty,itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic,dancing,anddining.43(have)achanceofexperiencingthis,stopbyavillagepubandrelaxwithaglassofwineoralocalbeer.Betteryet,enjoyadelicioustraditionalIrishBeefStew.44you’relucky,youmightbeabletoenjoysometraditionalmusicanddancing,too.Andifyouintroduceyourselftoa45(friend)face,youaremorethanlikelytoexperiencelocalcultureandcustomsfirst-hand.五、短文改錯46．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）畫掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Whyshouldstudentswearschooluniforms?Inmyopinion,schooluniformscomfortabletowear.Hereareseveralreasonswhatwereoncegivenbymyclassmates.Firstly,schooluniformspromotesafety.Whenchildrenwithschooluniformsarewalkingontheroads,theycanclearbeseenbyvehicledrivers.Wearinguniformsalsosavetimeforstudentsastheydon’tneedtowastetheirvaluabletimedecidewhattoweareverymorning.Besides,schooluniformsarealotcheapcomparedwithbrandedclothes.Thatsavesaplentyofmoneyfortheirparents.Whenstudentsdonothaveclothestoshowhiscreativity,theyshowitinotherthings,whichincreasestheirknowledgebutconfidence.六、其他應用文47．你校英文報正在舉辦主題為“Developingspacetechnology,worthwhileornot?”的征文活動。請用英文寫一篇短文投稿。寫作要點：隨著世界太空技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人類的太空夢不再是夢。但是也有人覺得耗費大量的人力和財力來研究和開發(fā)太空資源不切實際，不如將這些人力和財力用來著重解決人類當前面臨的重大問題，改善地球的生存環(huán)境。對此，你有何看法？注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Developingspacetechnology,worthwhileornot?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．B2．C3．A【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了四幅著名的繪畫。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LasMeninas部分中的“Thepaintingservesasagroupportrait(畫像)ofSpanishroyalty,butitisalsoaself-portraitofVelázquezhimselfatwork.(這幅畫是西班牙王室的集體肖像畫，但也是Velázquez工作時的自畫像。)”可知，這幅畫是西班牙皇室的群畫像，還是畫家Velázquez本人的畫像。故選B項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GirlwithaPearlEarring部分中的“Artist:JohannesVermeer(藝術(shù)家：JohannesVermeer)”以及“Wheretoseeit:Mauritshuis(TheHague,Netherlands)(去處：Mauritshuis（荷蘭海牙）)”可知，藝術(shù)家JohannesVermeer的作品可以在Mauritshuis看到。故選C項。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStarryNight部分中的“VanGoghwasbeingtreatedformentalillnessinahospitalinSaint-Remy,France,whenhepaintedTheStarryNight.Hewasinspiredbytheviewfromthewindowofhisroom.(梵高創(chuàng)作《星夜》時，正在法國圣雷米的一家醫(yī)院接受精神疾病治療。窗外的景色給了他靈感。)”可知，這幅畫作是在梵高在醫(yī)院治療時畫的，他是受到病房窗外的風景的啟發(fā)而創(chuàng)作。故選A項。4．D5．B6．D7．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。成功路上，我們會經(jīng)歷啟動疲勞和表現(xiàn)疲勞，只有克服疲勞，我們才會成功。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.(這種啟動疲勞是非常真實的，即使不是身體上的，也不是肌肉和骨骼上的。解決辦法很明顯，但可能不容易實施：總是先處理最難的工作。)”可知，作者建議阻止啟動疲勞的方法是先處理最難的工作。故選D。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段前三句“Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,boweverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.(表現(xiàn)疲勞更難處理。雖然愿意開始，但我們似乎不能把工作做好。它的困難似乎是如此之大，以至于無論我們多么努力，我們還是一次又一次地失敗。)”可知，表現(xiàn)疲勞主要發(fā)生在當所有的解決方案都失敗的情況下。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段前兩句“Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.(一個小時后，我突然醒來，腦海中清晰地浮現(xiàn)出解決方案。在接下來的幾個星期里，在我潛意識里出現(xiàn)的解決辦法每一步都證明是正確的。)”可知，潛意識能夠幫助我們解決問題。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Failureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.(失敗可能是一個人所經(jīng)歷過的最令人筋疲力盡的經(jīng)歷。沒有什么比沒有成功更讓人疲憊的了。)”以及末段“Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.(我相信，人類必須努力取得成功。因此，成功意味著永不疲倦。)”可知，我們要成功，必須要克服疲憊。故選C。8．C9．A10．D11．B【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公圖米在假期陪伴父親回突尼斯東部的出生地后，激發(fā)了她要幫助當?shù)厝说臒崆?，由此?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項目，種植金合歡樹，保護當?shù)剞r(nóng)田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，實踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.(從9歲起，她就開始在假期陪伴她來自于突尼斯的父親去突尼斯東部的出生地，這激發(fā)了她幫助他人的熱情。)”可知，圖米去突尼斯度假的經(jīng)歷喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。故選C項。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.(平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴重程度的增加導致突尼斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)土地受到沙漠化的威脅。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯農(nóng)田沙漠化的主要原因。故選A項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.(她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一個名為AcaciasforAll的項目，將她的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸行動。)”，最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個試點農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達到60%。圖米估計，為了保護突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金金合歡。)”可知，她創(chuàng)立AcaciasforAll項目的目的是保護當?shù)氐霓r(nóng)田。故選D項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個試點農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達到60%。圖米估計，為了保護突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金合槐。)”可知，文章講述的是主人公圖米在9歲時，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家鄉(xiāng)時激發(fā)了她要幫助當?shù)厝说臒崆?，由此?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項目，種植金合歡樹，改善保護當?shù)剞r(nóng)田，堅持與沙漠化作斗爭，實踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。B選項“HoldingbacktheSahara(阻擋撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章標題。故選B。12．A13．D14．A15．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要列出了一些謊言和建議，幫助如何在面試中做到最好。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thesmartjob-seekersneedtoridthemselvesofseveralstandardmythsaboutinterviewingbeforetheystartlookingforajob.Whatfollowsisalistofsomeoftheseuntruthsandsometipstohelpyoudoyourbestatyournextinterview.（聰明的求職者在開始找工作之前，需要擺脫幾個關(guān)于面試的標準誤區(qū)。下面就是一些謊言和小貼士，幫助你在下次面試中做到最好）”可知這篇文章主要講了一些公認的關(guān)于面試的建議實際上是不正確的。故選A。13．主旨大意題。設空處概括本段內(nèi)容，為本段小標題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Ifyoudon’tdisagreeattimes,youbecome,ineffect,a“yes”woman.Don’tbeafraidtodisagreewithyourinterviewerinanagreeableway.（如果你有時不反對，你實際上就會變成一個唯唯諾諾的女人。不要害怕以一種令人愉快的方式向面試官提出不同的意見。）”可知D項:Don’tdisagreewiththeinterviewer.（不要和面試官意見相左。）概括本段。故選D。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thereisapersonwithanopenmind!Theconventionalwisdomsays“beyourself”trueenough.Buthowmanypeoplecanbethemselvesiftheydon’tfeelfreetodisagree?（有一個思想開放的人！傳統(tǒng)觀點認為，做真實的自己就足夠了。但是，如果他們不愿意提出不同意見，有多少人可以做自己呢）”可知在作者看來，一個求職者應該做他自己。故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Clickheretogetmoresillymythsandusefulsuggestions.（點擊這里獲取更多愚蠢的神話和有用的建議。）”可知這篇文章最有可能在網(wǎng)站上找到。故選C。16．A17．E18．B19．F20．G【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了學生養(yǎng)成良好的作業(yè)習慣的方法。16．根據(jù)本段下文第一句“Someoftheproblemsmayrequirealotofthinking,soyoumayneedtothinkaboutthemseveraltimesoverseveraldays.(有些問題可能需要很多思考，所以你可能需要在幾天內(nèi)多次思考它們。)”和最后一句“Donotexpecttobeabletodoallthehomeworkproblemsinonehour.(不要指望能夠在一小時內(nèi)完成所有家庭作業(yè)問題。)”可知，部分作業(yè)要耗費時間去思考，說明作業(yè)不容易，A項“Notallthehomeworkissoeasy.(并非所有的家庭作業(yè)都那么容易。)”與下文語義一致。故選A項。17．根據(jù)上文“Don’tdoyourhomeworkwiththeTVortheradioon.(不要在電視或收音機打開的情況下做功課。)”可推知，本段要表達“做作業(yè)時不要受到外界的干擾”的建議，下文“StudiesshowthatittakesstudentslongertimetofinishtheirworkiftheywatchTVorlistentotheradio.(研究表明，如果學生看電視或聽廣播，完成學業(yè)需要更長的時間。)”，此句為邊做作業(yè)邊看電視或聽收音機對做作業(yè)的影響。E項“Thatwillpreventyoufromconcentratingonyourhomework.(這將阻止你專注于你的家庭作業(yè))”，其中的That指代上句中的“doyourhomeworkwiththeTVortheradioon”，E項與下文為并列關(guān)系，句意一致連貫。故選E項。18．根據(jù)下文“Thisisoneofthebestwaystolearnthematerial.Ifyoudon’tunderstandit,otherstudentsoftencanhelpitout;ifyoudoknowhowtodoaproblem,explainingittosomeoneelseoftenhelpstosolidifytheprocessforyou.(這是學習材料的最佳方法之一。如果你不理解它，其他學生經(jīng)?？梢酝阒v個明白;如果你知道如何做一個問題，向別人解釋它通常有助于為你鞏固這個過程。)”可知，本段涉及“作業(yè)時同學互助”，復現(xiàn)詞為otherstudents，B項“Workwithotherstudentsonhomework.(與其他學生一起做家庭作業(yè)。)”與下文語義一致連貫，適合做小標題。故選B項。19．根據(jù)上文“Don’tturninworkthatyouknowiswrongbutpretendthatyouthinkitisright.Itisfarbetternottofinishaproblemthantocontinueonandproduceawronganswer.(不要上交明知是錯的，還假裝你認為這是對的作業(yè)。不完成一個問題比繼續(xù)并產(chǎn)生錯誤的答案要好得多。)”可知，本段關(guān)于“知道自己的作業(yè)答案是錯的”情況下的建議，F(xiàn)項“Noansweratallisbetterthananansweryouknowtobewrong.(根本沒有答案比你知道是錯誤的答案更好。)”，wronganswer為復現(xiàn)詞。故上下文語意一致。故選F項。20．根據(jù)下文“Youshouldsaysomethinglike:‘Iknowthatsomethinghasgonewrongatthispoint,butIcan’tfigureoutwhat.’andyoushouldalsosaywhyyouthinksomethingisnotright,andwhatyouwouldhavedoneifyoucouldhavecontinuedon.(你應該這樣說：‘我知道在這一點上出了什么問題，但我不知道是什么’，你也應該說為什么你認為有些事情不對勁，如果你能繼續(xù)下去，你會怎么做。)”可知，本段提及了做作業(yè)過程中如果出了問題，要學會表達出來，G項“Thereisnoshameinadmittingyoudon’tknowhowtodosomething.(承認你不知道如何做某事并不丟臉。)”，G項順接上文，說出自己在做作業(yè)時有不會不懂的地方，并不丟臉，語意銜接順暢連貫。故選G項。21．A22．C23．B24．D25．A26．C27．D28．B29．A30．B31．B32．A33．C34．C35．D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是在疫情期間，Berman一家收養(yǎng)并照顧小狗的故事。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：去年冬天，在大流行期間，Berman一家選擇收養(yǎng)了一群小狗和它們的媽媽，它們都渴望有一個避難所。A.longing渴望的；B.concerned擔憂的；C.grateful感激的；D.ready準備好的。根據(jù)上文中的“Inthedeadoflastwinterduringthepandemic,theBermanfamilychosetofosterapackofpuppies(小狗)andtheirmother.”可知，在疫情期間，寒冷的冬季，這群小狗應該是“渴望”有個避難之所。故選A項。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：4周大的幼崽在被收養(yǎng)之前需要庇護；他們的母親患有萊姆病，而且母乳太少。A.admitted承認；B.sold售賣；C.adopted釆納，收養(yǎng)；D.guided引導。根據(jù)語境以及上文中的“theBermanfamilychosetofosterapackofpuppies(小狗)andtheirmother”可知，此處指的是小狗太小需要庇護直到可以被“收養(yǎng)”。故選C項。23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在一個月的時間里，Teresa和MichaelBerman以及他們的兩個兒子照顧著這些幼崽，直到找到永久的家。A.cleaned清潔；B.nursed護理；C.handled處理；D.monitored監(jiān)視。根據(jù)上文中的“theirmomhadLymediseaseandtoolittlemother’smilk”可知，小狗的媽媽生病，奶水少，所以需要“照顧”。故選B項。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在一個月的時間里，Teresa和MichaelBerman以及他們的兩個兒子照顧著這些幼崽，直到找到永久的家。A.independent獨立的；B.decorated裝飾；C.effective有效的；D.permanent永恒的。根據(jù)上文中的“The4-week-oldpupsneededshelteruntiltheycouldbe____2____”可知，此處指的是小狗被收養(yǎng)后，相當于找到“永久的”家。故選D項。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“晚飯后，我們會坐在一起看小狗玩耍，”48歲的TeresaBerman說。A.watch觀看；B.make使讓；C.help幫助；D.hear聽到。根據(jù)下文中的“ItwasbetterthanwatchingTV.”可知，此處指的是“觀看”小狗玩耍。故選A項。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這比看電視好多了。我開玩笑說，這就是我對抗季節(jié)性抑郁癥的計劃;這些小狗確實改善了每個人的情緒。”A.dream夢想；B.opinion觀點；C.mood情緒；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文中的“Ijokedthatthiswasmyplantofightseasonaldepression”可知，此處指的是Berman看小狗們玩耍，可以改善“情緒”。故選C項。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在逗留期間，這些小狗的體重增至三倍，留下了1000多張關(guān)于它們滑稽動作的照片和視頻，所有這些都讓Berman一家忘記了COVID-19。A.arrival到達；B.walk散步；C.sleep睡眠；D.stay停留。根據(jù)上文中的“theBermanfamilychosetofosterapackofpuppies(小狗)andtheirmother”可知，Berman收養(yǎng)了小狗和狗媽媽，所以此處指的是在Berman家“停留”的這段時間。故選D項。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在逗留期間，這些小狗的體重增至三倍，留下了1000多張關(guān)于它們滑稽動作的照片和視頻，所有這些都讓Berman一家忘記了COVID-19。A.attitudes態(tài)度；B.minds思想；C.goals目標；D.diets飲食。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指的是每天與小狗們相處，讓他們“不再思考”新冠疫情，takeone’smindoffsth.意為“忘記，使不再思考”符合語境。故選B項。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在全國范圍內(nèi)，情況非常相似。A.similar相似的；B.complex復雜的；C.obvious明顯的；D.possible可能的。根據(jù)下文中的“In2020,thecoronavirusresultedin15percent

____10____

inpetfosteringfromthepreviousyear”以及語境可知，在疫情期間，寄養(yǎng)寵物比去年增加了，所以，全國各地的情況是“相似的”。故選A項。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：非營利數(shù)據(jù)組織“動物收容所”(ShelterAnimalsCount)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2020年，冠狀病毒導致寵物寄養(yǎng)人數(shù)比前一年增加了15%。A.assistance幫助；B.rise升起；C.response回應；D.purchase購買。根據(jù)語境以及常識可知，在疫情期間，需要寄養(yǎng)寵物的家庭應該是“增長”了15%。故選B項。31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我喜歡他們兄弟姐妹之間的競爭。他們會跳到對方身上，拉尾巴，玩拔河?！盡ichaelBerman.說。A.ignored忽略；B.enjoyed欣賞；C.forgave寬??；D.aided幫助。根據(jù)下文“Theywouldjumponeachother,pulltailsandplaytug-of-war(拔河),”saidMichaelBerman.”對小狗們玩耍的場景描述，可知，此處指的是Berman很喜歡他們的同胞之爭。故選B項。32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就像一個自豪的爸爸一樣，他說“我把小狗的照片發(fā)給了我的朋友，現(xiàn)在我從它們的主人那里收到了關(guān)于它們近況的短信。”。A.proud驕傲的；B.frank坦白的；C.careful仔細的；D.strange奇怪的，陌生的。根據(jù)下文中的“hesaid,“Isentpicturesofthepuppiestomyfriends,andnowgettextmessagesfromtheir____13____onhowthey’redoing.””可知，Berman很“自豪地”把這些照片發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上。故選A項。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像一個自豪的爸爸