2023年高考考前押題密卷-英語（北京卷）（全解全析）

（北京卷）-學(xué)易金卷：2023年高考英語考前押題密卷

英語?全解全析

第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完型填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該

選項(xiàng)涂黑。

Imovedintomyhouseattheendoflastyear.I1noticedthattherewasatreeinthefrontyard.Mypartner

toldmethey2itwasafig（無花果）treeand3sureenough,asthemonthswentby,thetreegrewhuge

leavesand4eventuallycametofruition.Figsthesizeofmyfist!MypartnerandIwere5excitedbut

wedidn'tknowwhattodowithallthefigs.

Aboutaweekago,mynextdoorneighbourcameandproperlyintroduceshimself.Hethenasksifhecouldpickup

6somefigsfrommytree.Immediately,I7encouragedhimtotakeasmanyasheliked.Hetoldmethat12

yearsago,theprevious8ownerofthehouseIliveinnowusedtobeverygoodfriendswithhimandthey

plantedthisveryfigtreewaybackthen.Icamehomeoneday,tofindafruitboxoutsidemyfrontdoor..This_9

filledmyheartwithhappinessandgratitude.Itreminded10methattherearestilllivelypeopleintheworld

whowanttodosomethingnicefortheirneighbors.

1.A.fearedB.noticedC.believedD.admitted

2.A.forgotB.discoveredC.decidedD.assumed

3.A.atrandomB.worststillC.mostimportantD.sureenough

4.A.constantlyB.temporarilyC.eventuallyD.similarly

5.A.confusedB.excitedC.disappointedD.annoyed

6.A.breakupB.teardownC.pickupD.makefor

7.A.encouragedB.warnedC.advisedD.declined

8.A.previousB.punctualC.transparentD.voluntary

9.A.frictionB.powerC.gestureD.competence

10.A.taughtB.warnedC.invitedD.reminded

1.【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下可知，我注意到前院里有一棵樹。

2.【答案】D

【解析】我的伙伴告訴我，他們認(rèn)為這是一棵無花果樹，

3.【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語。果然，隨著時(shí)間的推移，這棵樹長出了巨大的葉子，最終結(jié)出了果實(shí)。

4.【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞。果然，隨著時(shí)間的推移，這棵樹長出了巨大的葉子，最終結(jié)出了果實(shí)。

5.【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞。無花果有我的拳頭那么大！我的伙伴和我都很興奮，但我們不知道該如何處理這些

無花果。

6.【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。大約一周前，我的隔壁鄰居來了，適當(dāng)?shù)亟榻B了自己。然后他問是否可以從我的

樹上摘一些無花果。

7.【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。隨即，我鼓勵(lì)他想拿多少就拿多少。

8.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞。他告訴我，12年前，我現(xiàn)在住的房子的前主人曾經(jīng)和他是很好的朋友，他們當(dāng)時(shí)就

種了這棵無花果樹。

9.【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞。這一舉動(dòng)讓我心里充滿了幸福和感激。

10.【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。它提醒我，世界上仍然有活潑的人想為他們的鄰居做一些好事。

第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

Growingupinamusicalfamily,SamaraJoytrieddifferentmusic11(style)whenshewasateenager.

But12attractedhermostwasjazzbecauseofitsauthenticity(真實(shí)'性).Shetoldthathersongs

13(inspire)bytheoldjazzsongsshelikedbutwithamodernexplanation.Shewasdeterminedto

continueseekingtoencouragetheyoungergenerationtogetexcitedaboutjazz.

【答案】11.styles12.what13.wereinspired

【導(dǎo)語】這是一個(gè)記敘文。文章主要介紹了SamaraJoy的家庭以及她喜歡的音樂風(fēng)格。

11.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：薩馬拉?喬伊生長在一個(gè)音樂世家，十幾歲的時(shí)候就嘗試過不同的音樂風(fēng)格?？?/p>

前有形容詞different,故空處需要填可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填styles。

12.考查主語從句。句意：但最吸引她的是爵士樂，因?yàn)樗恼鎸?shí)性。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語動(dòng)詞

為was,故was前為主語從句；從句中缺少主語，并需要表示“什么(東西)”，故需要用連接代詞what。故

填what。

13.考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：她說，她的歌曲靈感來自她喜歡的老爵士歌曲，但有一個(gè)現(xiàn)代的解釋。結(jié)合題

干，此處需要填從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，其中時(shí)態(tài)需要和主句中的told進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng)，用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；hersongs

和inspire為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，hersongs為復(fù)數(shù)，故需要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填wereinspired。

B

Renewablemethodsfor14(produce)electricity,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels,canonly

providepoweronthedays15windblowsorthesunshines.Electricbatteries16(use)tostore

energyareexpensiveandcanalsobepolluting.Finnishscientistscameupwithasimplesolutionthatputs

unwantedgreenelectricitytowork,heating100tonsofsandtoaround500℃.Thesandstayshotformonths;when

energy17(require),aircanbepumpedthroughitandheatedup.Theairinturnheatsasystemthat

supplieshotwatertoheatnearbyhouses.

【答案】14.producing15.when16.used17.isrequired

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了芬蘭科學(xué)家提出的一個(gè)利用沙子的可再生發(fā)電方式。

14.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：可再生發(fā)電方法，如風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和太陽能電池板，只能在有風(fēng)或有太陽的II

子里提供電力?？涨盀榻樵~for,故空處需要填動(dòng)名詞doing的形式構(gòu)成“介賓”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填producing。

15.考查定語從句。句意：可再生發(fā)電方法，如風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)和太陽能電池板，只能在有風(fēng)或有太陽的日子

里提供電力.分析句子可知，此處為定語從句，修飾先行詞thedays,表“時(shí)間”，從句中不缺主、賓、表和

定語，故填關(guān)系副詞。故填when。

16.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：用來儲(chǔ)存能量的電池價(jià)格昂貴，而且會(huì)造成污染。本句已有動(dòng)詞are,且空處沒

有連詞，所以空處需用非謂語動(dòng)詞；動(dòng)詞與空前名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空處需用過去分詞作后置定語。

故填used。

17.考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)需要能量時(shí)，空氣可以通過它來加熱。結(jié)合句意可知，此處為陳述

客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)即可；動(dòng)詞require和單數(shù)主語energy為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)bedone

的形式。故填isrequiredo

C

Thisyear,the13thSpringFestivalJointExhibitionofChineseBooks,18themewas''Reading

China”,washeldonJanuary24thin85bookstoresworldwide.It19（carry）outavarietyofactivitiessuch

asbookexhibitionsandculturalperformances.Booksdisplayedintheexhibitionwerephilosophicalandartistic,

whichcloselymettheneedsofoverseasreaders.Overall,thisyear'sbookexhibitionpresentedthenewestand

20（fine）ChinesepublicationstolocalreaderssothattheycouldbetterunderstandChinainthenewera.

【答案】18.whose19.carried20.finest

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了以“讀中國''為主題的第十三屆中國圖書展，并且介紹了活動(dòng)內(nèi)容及展

出書目等詳細(xì)情況。

18.考查定語從句。句意：今年，以“讀中國''為主題的第十三屆中國圖書展于1月24日在全球85家書店舉

行。分析句子可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少定語，因此需使用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故填

whoseo

19.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：此次圖書展將會(huì)開展書展、文藝演出等多種活動(dòng)。分析句子可知，空處與主語讓構(gòu)

成主動(dòng)關(guān)系且陳述過去事實(shí)，因此可使用過去式。故填carried。

20.考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：總的來說，今年的書展向當(dāng)?shù)刈x者展示了最新、最好的中國出版物，讓他

們更好地了解新時(shí)代的中國。由并列連詞and和thenewest（最新的）可知，空處應(yīng)使用形容詞最高級(jí)。故

填finesto

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）

第一節(jié)（共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Weofferartandperformingclassestochildren,teensandadults.Ourclassesarelistedonourwebsitewith

directlinkstoregister.RegistrationforourclassesbeginsonMay25th.

OurClasses

Weteachafter-schoolprograms,privateandsemi-privateartclasses.Summer.MarchBreakandChristmas

Daycampsareavailableaswell.Checkoutouronlineclasses.

Joinourartclassesanddevelopyourskillsandcreativityinpainting,printmakingdraw-ing-architecture,

sculpture,fabricart,moviemaking,scriptwriting,poetryconfidencebuildingskillsandmore.Newprogramsare

alwaysbeingdevelopedandarerarelyrepeated.

WhatElseWeDo

Weofferfunandexcitingperformanceclassesinourhomebase.Ourhomebaseisabeautifulstudiodesigned

byanarchitectaswellasourtwostudiosbytheseainAmbleside.Weprovideacreativesettingforahandonart

andactingexperiencethroughclassesandworkshops.Specializedarteducationdevelopsengaged,confident,

well-roundedandcreativechil-dren.Artisticactivitiestrainthebraintothinkspatially（空間地）,solveproblems

creativelyandsupportdevelopmentinothersubjects.Ourelementaryschoolprogramsbringexcitingopportunities

forstudentstoexploretechniquesandmaterialsthatareoftenbeyondschools,artclassroomresources.

WhereWeOfferClasses

Forparentslookingfortheconvenienceofextracurricularopportunitiesfortheirchildren,theycanhave

experiencebybringingourclassestotheirlocalschoolwithachoiceoflunchtimeandafter-schoolclasses.Welove

ourgroupofmobileschoolswiththeirgreatlysupportivevolunteers!Oryoucanhaveuscometoyouforprivate

classes!

21.Howcanthereadersregistertheclass?

A.Bytelephone.

B.Bywebsite.

C.Bytelegraph.

D.Bymobileapp.

22.WhatcanstudentslearninthestudiosbytheseainAmbleside?

A.Performance.

B.Architecture.

C.Dancing.

D.Painting

23.Whatcanweknowabouttheclassfromthelastparagraph?

A.Mostparentswantextraclassesfortheirchildren.

B.Studentscanhaveclassesintheirlocalschools.

C.Volunteersinthetrainingofferlunchtostudents.

D.Studentscanchooseanyplacetoattendthetraining.

【答案】21.B22.A23.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)提供兒童、青少年和成人藝術(shù)和表演課程的地方，并對(duì)

具體細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行相關(guān)介紹。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句"Ourclassesarelistedonourwebsitewithdirectlinkstoregister.（我們

的課程在我們的網(wǎng)站上列出，有直接的注冊(cè)鏈接廠可知，讀者可以通過網(wǎng)站注冊(cè)課程。故選B項(xiàng)。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題WhatElseWeDo下的二、三句"Ourhomebaseisabeautifulstudiodesignedby

anarchitectaswellasourtwostudiosbytheseainAmbleside.Weprovideacreativesettingforahandonartand

actingexperiencethroughclassesandworkshops.（我們的基地是一個(gè)由建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的美麗的工作室，以及我們

在安布爾賽德海邊的兩個(gè)工作室。我們提供一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性的環(huán)境，通過課程和工作室來體驗(yàn)藝術(shù)和表演）“可知，

學(xué)生們?cè)诎膊紶栙惖潞＿叺墓ぷ魇依锬軐W(xué)到的是表演。故選A項(xiàng)。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句"Forparentslookingfbrtheconvenienceofextracurricular

opportunitiesfortheirchildren,theycanhaveexperiencebybringingourclassestotheirlocalschoolwithachoice

oflunchtimeandafter-schoolclasses.（對(duì)于為孩子尋找方便的課外機(jī)會(huì)的家長來說，他們可以把我們的課程帶

到當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校，選擇午餐時(shí)間和課后課程廣可知，學(xué)生可以在當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)校上課。故選B項(xiàng)。

B

There'sanotheruniversenotfarfromland.Itlacksbuildings,trees,cars,cellphonesandtheInternet.

Seeminglylimitlesswaterextendsuninterruptedlyinalldirections.Civilizationgoesaway,alongwithanysignof

humanity.AnditiswhyFmreallyintosailing.Igrewuparoundboats.Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.My

oldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfrom

northeastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio,whereTalismanbuiltbymyfatherwaitedpatiently

throughtheweek.

Asakid,IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,atravellerexploringtheseaalone,inthepagesof

NationalGeographicand,later,inGraham'sbook,Dove.However,itwasn'tuntilabout20yearsago,wellintomy

adulthood,thatItookupsailinginaseriousway.I'vemadevoyagesinfairstormyandweather,onmyownboats

andthoseofmyfriends,andrangingfromnearshoredaysailstoblue-waterpassages.

Still,Fvemadeplentyofmistakes.WhilelivinginAsia,asailingfriendand1setoffacrosstheSouthChina

SeaandintendedtogettoThailand,onlytobepushedbyalate-seasontyphoonthatforcedustomakelandfallin

Vietnam,gladtobealive.

Yearslater,mywifeandIlivedaboardour37-footship,Symbiosis,whilewesavedenoughtolakeatwo-year

leavefromourjobstojourneydowntheU.S.AtlanticcoastandthroughtheBahamasandtheCaribbean.We

visitedmanyplacesthatneverseeshipsorairplanesandthatarenearlyimpossibletoreachanywayotherthanat

thehelm（舵柄）ofasmallboat.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeana

fewyearsago,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,resolvinginsteadtosailonly"otherpeople'sboats".Itdidn*tlast,

though.Afewmonthsago,wefoundagooddealonasmallersailboat-easiertomaintainbutstillcapableofsome

shortoffshorejourneys.IthinkwellnameherTalisman.

24.Whatwouldtheauthordoonsummerweekendsasakid?

A.HewouldhelphisfatherbuildTalisman.

B.Hewouldsailwithhisfatherandhissister.

C.HewouldexplorenortheastIndianainacar.

D.Hewouldbringhumancivilizationtosailing.

25.WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookDove?

A.Ithassomethingtodowithexploringthesea.

B.ItwaspublishedinNationalGeographic.

C.ItisthemostfamousworkbyGraham.

D.Itwasaninspirationfortheauthor'swriting.

26.WhydidtheauthorsellhisshipSymbiosis?

A.Itdidn'tfunctionwell.B.Hecouldn'taffordtomaintainit.

C.Hefoundabetteronetoreplaceit.D.Itwasdamagedseriouslyduringastorm.

27.Whatistheauthor9smainpurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toshowhispassionforsailingboats.

B.Tostresstheinfluenceofadventuresonhim.

C.lbdiscusstheproblemsofsailingonthesea.

D.Tosharehissuccessinexploringtheworld.

【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己對(duì)航海的熱愛。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoa

carnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreof

LakeErieinOhio…throughtheweek（我父親喜歡帆船，于是造了它們。幾乎每個(gè)夏天的周末，我和妹妹都被

塞進(jìn)一輛車?yán)?，從印第安納州東北部前往俄亥俄州的伊利湖南岸，父親制造的Talisman在那里耐心地等待

/整整一個(gè)星期。）''可知，作者小時(shí)候會(huì)在夏天的周末與父親和妹妹一起航海。故選B。

25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Asakid,IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,atravellerexploringthesea

alone,inthepagesofNationalGeographicand,later,inGraham^book,Dove.（小時(shí)候，我讀過《國家地理》雜

志上的羅賓?李?格雷厄姆的冒險(xiǎn)故事，他是一位獨(dú)自探索海洋的旅行者，后來又讀過格雷厄姆的書《鴿子》。）”

可推斷，這本書與海上探索有關(guān)。故選A。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.Afterrelumingfromthe

Caribbeanafewyearsago,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,resolvinginsteadtosailonly'otherpeople'sboats'.（但船

既昂貴又費(fèi)時(shí)。幾年前從加勒比?；貋砗?，我們決定賣掉Symbiosis,決定只駕駛“別人的船工廠可知，

Symbiosis是昂貴的，也是耗時(shí)的。由此可知，作者付不起保養(yǎng)的錢。故選B。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Anditiswhy「mreallyintosailing4這就是我喜歡航海的原因。）”和下文

的描述可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是通過記敘自己的過往，展現(xiàn)出對(duì)航海的激情。故選A。

C

Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduringwakingconsciousness.In

Jungianphilosophy,theconllictandchaosexperiencedindreamsfinallybringordertoourlives.WhileJung's

mysticaltheoriesaredebatable,hewasnotmistakenabouttheimportanceofdreaming.Agrowingnumberof

reportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingisdamagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.

Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic（新陳代謝的）systems,letalonetheelectronic

productsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequencesonour

memorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM（RapidEye

Movement）sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn'tstrengthenmemories.

Youmightthinkthisisjustasleepproblem,butdreamingisinseparablefromournight-timerest.Wesleepin

cycles,eachlastingabout90minutes;inasleepcycle,wegothroughnon-REMsleepbeforehittingREM.Asthe

nightprogresses,REMsleepperiodsincreaseinlengthwhiledeepsleep（oneofthestagesofnon-REMsleep）

decreases.Thelongerwesleep,themoretimewespendinREM,whichiswhyweareoftendreamingwhen

wakingupinthemorning.Ifwesleeplessthansevenhours,however,itbecomeshardertoachievethislevelof

REM.

Thecombinationofsleepinganddreamingactsasanemotionalstabiliser.Werecoverfromemotionalhurt

fasterwhenwesleepanddreamproperly.However,we'renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagesto

takeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadiananti-depressant（抗抑郁劑）一dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturn

toalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREM

whileanti-depressantspromotedeepsleepattheexpenseofREM.

We'repayingforthislackofdreaminginmanyways.Forexample,a2021studystatedthatcomparedwith

quietrestandnon-REMsleep,REMpromotedtheformationofassociativenetworksandtheintegration（整合）of

unassociatedinformation.VolunteersthatexperiencedmoreREMsleepwerebetterequippedforsolvingproblems

requiringcreativesolutions.

RowanHooper,themanagingeditoratNewScientist,writesthatdreamsthatincludean"emotionalcore”

appeartobeamainfunctionofREMsleepandthatweshouldlookatsleeppatternsasseriouslyaswedodietand

exercisehabits.

28.WhafsCarlJung'sviewaboutdreams?

A.Theycausechaos.B.Theymirrorreality.

C.Theyrevealsecrets.D.Theydamageimmunity.

29.Whatdoes"thistrend,,inParagraph2referto?

A.Insufficientsleep.B?Aconstantstateofdreamlessness.

C.Addictiontoelectronicproducts.D.Moreresearchonsleepanddreams.

30.WhatcanwelearnaboutREM?

A.REMhelpspeoplefightdepression.

B.REMcanbeimprovedbyanti-depressants.

C.REMsleepoccursbeforenon-REMsleep.

D.ThebrainreceivesnewinformationduringREMsleep.

31.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Theimportanceofsleepliesindreams.

B.Theabsenceofdreamsisharmfultohumanbeings.

C.Dreamingpatternsaremoreimportantthanwerealise.

D.Dreaminghasmysticalpowerofstrengtheningmemories.

【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)間。文章主

要說明/不做夢會(huì)損害免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，解釋了背后的原因以及對(duì)此的建議。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第?段“Dreams,accordingtoCarlJung,revealacertainamountofrealityhiddenduring

wakingconsciousness.（根據(jù)卡爾?榮格的說法，夢揭示了在清醒意識(shí)中隱藏的一定數(shù)量的現(xiàn)實(shí)）“可知，卡爾?榮

格認(rèn)為夢反映了現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選B。

29.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingis

damagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.（越來越多的報(bào)告表明，持續(xù)缺乏做夢在很多方面損害了我們清醒的

時(shí)間）”以及畫線詞后文“iscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic（新陳代謝的）systems（正在損害我們

的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)）“可知，越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)間，這種趨勢

（持續(xù)的無夢狀態(tài)）正在損害我們的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)。故畫線詞指的是“持續(xù)的無夢狀態(tài):故選B。

30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)笫二段中“OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM

（RapidEyeMovement）sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn'tstrengthenmemories.（——項(xiàng)研究表明,

如果不讓小鼠有足夠的REM（快速眼動(dòng)）睡眠，即我們做夢的階段，小鼠就無法增強(qiáng)記憶戶和倒數(shù)第三段

"However,we'renotgettingenoughsleeptocyclethroughthestagestotakeadvantageofthisnaturalcircadian

anti-depressant（抗抑郁齊Ll）一dreams.Instead,wegetdepressedandturntoalcoholormedicinestogettosleep,

whichonlymakesthingsworsebecauseevenonedrinkleadstolateREMwhileanti-depressantspromotedeep

sle印attheexpenseofREM.（然而，我們沒有足夠的睡眠來循環(huán)利用這種天然的晝夜節(jié)律抗抑郁劑——夢。

相反，我們會(huì)感到沮喪，并求助于酒精或藥物來入睡，這只會(huì)讓事情變得更糟，因?yàn)榧词挂槐埔矔?huì)導(dǎo)致

快速眼動(dòng)晚期，而抗抑郁藥會(huì)以犧牲快速眼動(dòng)為代價(jià)促進(jìn)深度睡眠戶可知，夢是一種天然的晝夜節(jié)律抗抑郁

劑，做夢會(huì)快速眼動(dòng)，所以快速眼動(dòng)有助于人們對(duì)抗抑郁。故選A。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Agrowingnumberofreportsshowthatacontinuouslackofdreamingis

damagingourwakinghoursinmanyways.（越來越多的報(bào)告顯示，持續(xù)不做夢會(huì)在很多方面損害我們醒著的時(shí)

間）''以及第二段“Thistrendiscausingdamagetoourimmuneandmetabolic（新陳代謝的）systems,letalonethe

electronicproductsthatkeepusuplateatnightareruiningoursleeppatterns,whichhaslong-termconsequences

onourmemorysystem.OnestudyshowedthatnotallowingmicetohaveadequateamountsofREM（RapidEye

Movement）sleep,thestageinwhichwedream,themicecouldn'tstrengthenmemories.（這種趨勢正在損害我們

的免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，更不用說讓我們熬夜的電子產(chǎn)品正在破壞我們的睡眠模式，這對(duì)我們的記憶系統(tǒng)有長

期的影響。一項(xiàng)研究表明，如果不讓老鼠有足夠的REM（快速眼動(dòng)）睡眠，也就是我們做夢的階段，老鼠就

不能加強(qiáng)記憶）”結(jié)合文章主要說明了不做夢會(huì)損害免疫和代謝系統(tǒng)，解釋了背后的原因以及對(duì)此的建議?？?/p>

知，這篇文章的主旨是缺乏夢對(duì)人類有害。故選瓦

D

SnotBotisonamission.Thetoaster-sizeddrone（無人機(jī)）fliesovertheopenocean,directlyaboveanunusual

whale.Onaboatnearby,AndyRogansmileswithjoy.Roganhasbeenstudyingwhalesinhisentirecareerbuthad

neverseenthisspecies.

Backin2011,LianPinKohandSergeWich,conservationexperts,wonderediftheremightbeaneasierwayto

getdataofanimalsinthewild.Wildliferesearchersoftenwalkthroughforests.Theymaylookcloselyatwhales

fromboatsorstayinhelicopterstoviewanimalsfromabove.Suchtripsareusuallydangerous.Plus,theirnoise

mayscareanimals.Andhelicopterscan'tflyveryfarovertheoceanbecausethere'snowheretolandorrefuel.

“Wcthought,5Whatifyouflyoverthemwithaflyingcamera?,,saysWich.Sotheyputtogetheradronefroma

remote-controlmodelaiiplaneandcameraequipment.Anditdidthetrick.Onatestflight,thedronecaughtan

imageofanorangulan（猩猩）atthetopofaverytalltree.Thepairrealizedthiswasjustthebeginningofawhole

newwayofdoingconservationwork.

NowWichandhiscolleaguesarebuildingAIthatautomaticallylocatesandrecognizesanimals.Theycall

theirprojectConservationALWhensomeoneuploadsanimageorvideo,themodelanalyzesthedata.Thenthe

modelrecognizesanythingitcan.Inthefuture,anAImodelcouldkeepwatch,insteadofforestguards.Itcouldsend

warningswhenseeingdoubtfulactivities..

TheteamtestedthisideainastudyinEastAfrica.VolunteersinTanzaniapretendedtobepoachers（偷獵者）.

Theresearchersmadedronesflyovertheactorsatdifferenttimesoftheday.Overall,peoplelookingatthedrone

imagesdidabetterjobthantheAlmodelatfindingpretendpoachers.Themodelpickedoutmanythingsthat

weren'tpeopleatall.Butthemodelfoundpoachersthatmostpeoplemissed.Withalittlemorework,Wichthinks

thatsystemslikethiswillmakeiteasierforconservationiststobetterprotectendangeredanimals.

32.WhatcanweinferaboutConservationAIfromthepassage?

A.Itcanreplaceconservationists'work.B.Itworksbystudyingdatafirst.

C.Itcanpunishthepoachers.D.Itisfullyautomated.

33.WhatisWich'sattitudetothefutureoftheAImodel?

A.Critical.B.HopefulC.Worried.D.Prejudiced.

34.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AchievementsinWildlifeConservation

B.MajorDiscoveriesofBiologicalSpecies

C.AIStudyHasAchievedaBreakthrough

D.FlyingRobotsProtectEndangeredWildlife

【答案】32.B33.B34.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款S行機(jī)器人SnolBot幫助保護(hù)瀕危野生動(dòng)物。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheycalltheirprojectConservationAl.Whensomeoneuploadsanimageorvideo,

themodelanalyzesthedata.（他們把這個(gè)項(xiàng)目稱為“人工智能保護(hù)當(dāng)有人上傳圖片或視頻時(shí)，這個(gè)模型就會(huì)

分析數(shù)據(jù)。）“可推斷，"人工智能保護(hù)”的工作原理是先研究數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withalittlemorework,Wichthinksthatsystemslikethiswillmakeiteasierfor

conservationiststobetterprotectendangeredanimals.（威奇認(rèn)為，再多做一點(diǎn)工作，這樣的系統(tǒng)將使環(huán)保主義

者更容易更好地保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。）“可推斷，維奇對(duì)人工智能模型的未來態(tài)度是充滿希望的。故選B。

34.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“NowWichandhiscolleaguesarebuildingAIthatautomaticallylocatesand

recognizesanimals.（現(xiàn)在威奇和他的同事正在開發(fā)一種可以自動(dòng)定位和識(shí)別動(dòng)物的人工智能。）”及全文可知，

文章主要介紹了一款飛行機(jī)器人SnotBot幫助保護(hù)瀕危野生動(dòng)物。所以“FlyingRobotsProtectEndangered

Wildlife（飛行機(jī)器人保護(hù)瀕危野生動(dòng)物）”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Backpaincanmakeitdifficultformanypeopletofunctionineverydaylife.35Ifyousufferfromback

pain,readonforfoureverydayfixes.

Ourbodiesneedadequatemovementthroughoutthedaytoavoidthestiffnessthatcontributestoachesand

pains.Iftheweatherisgood,don'thuntforthenearestparkingspot;don'ttaketheelevatorwhenyouhavethe

optionofoneortwoflightsofstairs.Whenyouneedtositforlongperiods,setatimertogetupeveryhourandbe

activeforjustafewminutes.36

Whenweoveruseourdominantside,wecreatemusclepatternsofweaknessandtensionthatincreasepain,

especiallyinourbacks.Considertheactionsyoutakerepeatedlythroughoutthedaythatshiftyourweighttoone

side.37Anduseyouroppositehandeverysooftenforbasicactivities,suchasopeningdoors.

Psychologicalstressisanotedriskfactorforbackpain,accordingtoresearch.Mostmentalstressiscausedby

focusingonthepastorfuture.38Afewminutesadayofmindfulnesscangoalongwaytowardminimizing

theimpactofstress.Additionally,mindfulnesspracticesliketaichihaveallshowneffectivenessinreducingback

pain.

39Thatis,youcancreateagameplanofdailyactivitiestopracticeforbackhealth.Ifyourbackhurts

attheendoftheday,don*tjustdecideitwasa"bad"day.Askyourselfifyoupracticedtheactivitiestohelpyou

avoidthestressandtension.Takinganactive,daily-lifeapproachtomaintainingahealthybodyisthekeyto

keepingbackpainatbay.

A.Switchsideswhenyoucarrythings.

B.Itaffectshowyoumove,feelandthink.

C.Youshouldlearnmoreaboutthecauseofyourpain.

D.Approachthehealthofyourbackasaresponsibility.

E.Soactivelybeingmindfulofthepresentreducesstress.

F.You'dbettertakeaquickbreaktocheckinwithyourbreathing.

G.Moreminutesofmovementadduptobighealthbenefitsovertime.

【答案】35.B36.G37.A38.E39.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些緩解背部疼痛的方法。

35.根據(jù)上文“Backpaincanmakeitdifficultformanypeopletofunctionineverydaylife.（背部疼痛會(huì)使許多人

在日常生活中難以正常工作）”可知，本句繼續(xù)說明背部疼痛對(duì)人們的影響，B選項(xiàng)中It指代上文Backpain。

故B選項(xiàng)“它影響你的行動(dòng)、感覺和思考”符合語境，故選B。

36.根據(jù)上文“Ourbodiesneedadequatemovementthroughoutthedaytoavoidthestiffnessthatcontributesto

achesandpains.Iftheweatherisgood,don'thuntforthenearestparkingspot;don'ttaketheelevatorwhenyou

havetheoptionofoneortwoflightsofstairs.Whenyouneedtositforlongperiods,setatimertogetupevery

hourandbeactiveforjustafewminutes.（我們的身體在一天中需要足夠的運(yùn)動(dòng)，以避免導(dǎo)致疼痛的僵硬。如果

天氣很好，不要尋找最近的停車位；如果你可以選擇一段或兩段樓梯，就不要乘電梯。當(dāng)你需要長時(shí)間坐

著的時(shí)候，設(shè)置一個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)器，每小時(shí)起來活動(dòng)幾分鐘）”可知，本段主要說明了盡量多運(yùn)動(dòng)，本句為本段最后

一句，應(yīng)繼續(xù)說明運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響：對(duì)健康有很大的好處。故G選項(xiàng)“隨著時(shí)間的推移，運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間的增加對(duì)健康

有很大的好處”符合語境，故選G。

37.根據(jù)上文“Whenweoveruseourdominantside,wecreatemusclepatternsofweaknessandtensionthat

increasepain,especiallyinourbacks.Considertheactionsyoutakerepeatedlythroughoutthedaythatshiftyour

weighttoonesided當(dāng)我們過度使用慣用的那一側(cè)時(shí)，我們就會(huì)產(chǎn)生肌肉無力和緊張的模式，增加疼痛，尤其

是在我們的背部?？紤]一下你每天重復(fù)做的那些讓你的體重向一邊轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)作）”以及后文“Anduseyour

oppositehandeverysooftenforbasicactivities,suchasopeningdoors.（經(jīng)常用另一只手做一些基本的動(dòng)作，比

如開門）”可知，上文提到“考慮一下你每天重復(fù)做的那些讓你的體重向一邊轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)作”，即換邊使用手，故

A選項(xiàng)“拿東西的時(shí)候換一邊”符合語境，故選A。

38.根據(jù)上文“Psychologicalstressisanotedriskfactorforbackpain,accordingtoresearch.Mostmentalstressis

causedbyfocusi