2023北京海淀高三（上）期末英語試卷含答案

2023北京海淀高三（上）期末

英語

本試卷共10頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無

效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題海小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在

答題紙上將該項涂黑。

We'veallheardthesaying"Laughteristhebestmedicine^^.Andtheremightbesomethinginthisidiom.

Numerousstudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoreportgreater]tendtohavebettermedicaloutcomes.

Forinstancea2017studyattheUniversityofNottinghamtestedtheeffectofmoodon138retirees2

thenormalfluinjection.Thosewhofelthappyonthedayofthevaccinationwentonto3moreflu-fighting

antibodies.EarlierworkatYaleUniversityandtheUniversityofFloridahasalsoshownthatpeople'smoodaffects

theactivationofgenesthatfightdisease.

Butdoeshappinessleadtogood4.orisittheotherwayaround?Afterall,itcouldbethatpeoplewho

havestrongimmunesystems5havehigherlevelsofothermood-improvingbrainchemicalsaswell.

Hereisapossibleevolutionary6.Humansevolvedassocialcreaturesthatcooperateingroupsto

7foodandprotectthemselvesfromwildanimals.Wewerehappierwitha（n）8networkoffriendsand

familybecausethisimprovedourchancesofsurvival.Butcloselysocializinggroupsarealsobreedinggroundsfor

respiratory（呼吸的）9suchasfluandcolds,sowewouldhaveneededtoincreasetheactivityofthegenes

thatfightthesediseases.

Forthosewhowere10fromsociety,however,infectiousdiseasewaslessofaproblem,andgenesthat

helprecoverfromphysicalinjurymayhavebeenprioritizedinsteadoftheonesthatfightdisease.

1.A.successB.confidenceC.happinessD.determination

2.A.avoidingB.receivingC.missingD.organizing

3.A.produceB.repairC.detectD.absorb

4.A.healthB.moodC.relationshipD.performance

5.A.graduallyB.naturallyC.randomlyD.rarely

6.A.solutionB.predictionC.applicationD.explanation

7.A.consumeB.serveC.secureD.purchase

8.A.fixedB.enormousC.complicatedD.close

9.A.functionsB.infectionsC.activitiesD.systems

10.A.cutoffB.takenoverC.pickedoutD.madeup

第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分）

A

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處

用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Afterearningamaster'sdegreein2016,HuangWenxiureturnedtoBaise,herhometown,insteadofseekinga

careerinBeijing."Icomefrom11remotemountainousvillage.Quiteanumberoffolks12

(struggle)withpovertythere,soallIwishistodomyparttoimprovetheirlives/5sheoncesaid.Huangvolunteered

tojointhegrassrootspovertyalleviation(扶貧)effort.Sheinvitedexpertstotellthevillagers13theycould

improveproduction.Shepersuadedthevillagerstoexpandtheplantingareaandencouragede-commercesales.418

peoplefrom88householdswereliftedoutofpovertythankstoherefforts.

B

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處

用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,

especiallythose14arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollege

graduates」5(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearthecompaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitatetheir

commute(通勤).Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatesstillneed16(assistant)fromtheirparentsand

onlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.17(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoung

people,manygovernmentsandcompanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.

C

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處

用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Withthepopularityofcycling,manycitieshavecombinedtheirtourismcharacteristicstolaunchthemedroutes.

Fromindoorexhibitions18outdoorconcertsandnightcyclingalongtheSouthCentralAxis(軸),aseries

ofactivities19(introduce)nextmonthsothaturbanresidentscanenjoythemselves.Anofficialofthe

ChinaTourismAcademysaid,"Asmasstourismgrowsinpopularity,onlyhigh-qualityoutdoortourismproductscan

attractvisitorsandtheintegrationofmicro-vacationproductswithoutdoorsportsproducts20(have)a

broadspacefordevelopment.^^

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。

A

BestGiftsforEveryTypeofMom

DoyouwanttorewardMomwithNewYeargifts?Millionsofproductsareofferedonline,butdon'tgetscared

away.Wehavedonetheworkforyoubyselectingbestgiftideasforeverytypeofmom.Justclick“Addtocarf,to

showerMomwithlove.

DaintyEarrings-BestfortheJewelryLover

Madefromsterlingsilver,theearringsarelightweightandperfectforeverydaywear.They'realsoidealfor

anyonewithsensitiveears.Amongthe8,000plusfive-starreviewers,AprilFarmerconfirm:this,saying,44Justabout

everymaterialirritates（喇J激）myears,butIhavehadtheseinforthreemonthsnow-andnoirritation,nocolor

changing,orfadingofsilver.Ican'teventelltheyarein!”

KSLunchBag-BestfortheWorkingMom

Thisin-disguisecoolerbagwillputasmileonmom'sfaceduringlunchhour.Withthousandsoffive-star

reviewers,thefashionableandfunctionalKSbaghasaninsulatedlining（隔熱的內(nèi)襯）thathelpskeepfoodand

beveragesfresh,andaninsidepocketthatholdsutensils.Plus,thesoft,lightweightdesignmakesiteasytobring

anywhere.

BrevilleExpress-BestfortheCoffeeLover

Talkaboutamorningboost!IfMomisatruecoffeelover,she'sdreamedofowningahigh-endespressomachine.

Nowyoucanmakethatdreamareality.TheBrevilleExpress,whichhasmorethan14,000five-starreviews,comes

ineitherblackorstainlesssteelsurfacesandoffersthesamedose-controlledgrinding（研磨）that'snormallyreserved

forfancycoffeeshops.

BeckhamPillows-BestfortheOneWhoNeedsaGoodNighfsSleep

Shedeservesapeacefulnight'srestafterallthehardworkshedoeseveryday,andshe'llgetjustthatwiththese

Beckhampillows.Thesetoftwoaffordablecoolinggelpillowsisidealforback,stomachandsidesleepers.Itoffers

much-neededtemperatureregulationthatwillkeephermorecomfortablethanever.Ifsabestsellerwithmorethan

126,000five-starreviews,soit'sprettymuchahit.

21.AprilFarmer'sreviewindicatesthattheDaintyEarringsare.

A.durableandfancyB.simpleandunique

C.stylishandvaluableD.lightandskin-friendly

22.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.

A.DaintyEarringsarebestforformaloccasions

B.KSLunchBagissilver,portableandinsulated

C.BrevilleExpressfeaturesfineandquickgrinding

D.BeckhamPillowssuitdifferentsleepingpositions

23.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Agenciessellingproductstomoms.

B.Peopleseekinggiftsfortheirmoms.

C.Momsplanningtorewardthemselves.

D.Salesmenstudyingmoms'preferences.

B

It'sthegreenwallofherschoolswimmingpoolthatJillCravenremembersbest,asshefeltherteacher'shand

onherhead,guidingherunderwater."Youknowhowtimeslows?Goingunder.Watching...”shesays.

ThiswasinPalmerstonNorth,whenshewasfive.Whileherthreeoldersiblingscouldswimhalfamileormore,

shewoulddoanythingtoavoidswimminglessons.Inher20s,shemovedtoLondontopursueacareerinjournalism.

Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.

However,whensheretired,Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofher

recovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead-liketreadingwater（踩水），but

moving-withafloatationaidaroundhermiddle.Shecouldgetherfeetofthebottomofthepoolforaquickdoggy

paddle,butanythingmorewasbeyondher.

Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthe

childrenwerefiveorsix."Ijustthought,ifstimetodothis,“shesays."WhoknowswhatIlookedlike.Anegg

beater,shecontinues.didfivestrokes,orsix.Iwassoproudofmyself,.Thenalifeguardencouragedherto

continueandtoldherhowtobreathe.Afriendgavehergoggles.HernieceJustinewalkedbesidethepoolclapping,

andCravenfeltasifshehadwonagoldmedal.JustineboughtCravenlessonsforher69thbirthday.Beforelong,

Cravenhadswumalengthwithherfaceinthewater.

Whenherinstructortoldhertositonthebottomofthepool,Cravenfeltlikegoingbacktobeingafive-year-

old.Shehungontothestairsasshewentdown.Butshedidit!Shestayedthereforafewseconds!

NowCravenswimstwiceaweek:fivelengths,sometimes10,witharestaftereach."Ijustthinkyouneedto

dothingsifyoucan.Ifyoucan,youmust."shesays.

24.WhydidCravenchoosewaterjogginginsteadofswimming?

A.Shehatedlosingface.

B.Shelikedtreadingwater.

C.Shewasafraidtoswim.

D.Shewasfondoffloating.

25.WhatinspiredCraventotryswimmingagain?

A.Thesightofkidslearningswimming.

B.ThesupportofhernieceJustine.

C.Theencouragementfromalifeguard.

D.Thedoctor'sadviceonherrecovery.

26.Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?

A.Oncebitten,twiceshy.

B.Youcanneverteachanolddognewtricks.

C.Practicemakesperfect.

D.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.

C

Anewstudyhasfoundhumanfeelingscanaccuratelybeexpressednumericallyandhavemorepredictivepower

forhowwebehavethanformalstudiesofsocioeconomicfactorslikehouseholdincomeandemploymentstatus.

Thestudyco-authorAndrewOswald,aprofessorofeconomicsandbehavioralsciencegatheredinformation

fromnearly700,000people,whowereaskedannuallyoverathree-decadeperiodhowtheyfeltonanumericalscale

abouttheirjob,spouse,healthandhome.Usingthedatacollected,researchersconstructedstatisticalmodelstoshow

howpeoplefeltandtheactionstheytookasaresultoftheirreportedfeelings.Thestudyfoundthatratingsoflife

satisfactionhadadirectlinear（線性的）relationshiptoactionspeoplesubsequentlytake.Participantswhoratedtheir

jobsatisfactionasa2outof7hada25%probabilityofquittingtheirjob.Thosewhorateda6outof7hadonlya10

percentprobabilityofquitting.Thesamewastrueacrossothermeasureslikemarriage,healthandhousing.

Previousresearchhasalsoshowndataaboutfeelingspredicthumanoutcomes,butnotinsuchalinearfashion;

thedegreeofsatisfactionservedasagoodpredictoroffutureactions.Additionally,economistshavepreviouslybeen

criticaloffeelingsdatabecausetheyconsideredthemunscientificandunreliable.Butthisstudyshowssocioeconomic

factorshavealesserprobabilityofpredictinghumanbehaviorthandataonfeelings.

Thoughthestudyshowsnumberscanquantifyfeelings,researchersarestillabitconfusedastowhyestimates

ofseeminglysubjectivefeelingscanbesuchgoodpredictorsoffutureactions.AccordingtoOswald,anumberof

factorscouldbeatplay.Humansareveryexperiencedincomparativethinkingandareabletoscaletheirownlife

satisfactionagainstthatoftheirneighbors.We'realsoaccustomedtousingmeasuringdevicesforotheraspectsof

lifeliketemperature,distanceandweight,soitshouldn'tbetoosurprisingthatwe'reabletomeasureourfeelingsin

asimilarlyaccurateway.Anotherstudyco-authorCasparKaisersaysthatitmayalsobebecausewecommunicate

ourfeelingsanddoitinascaledfashioneveryday.Thiscouldbewhyitcomesoutinthedatamoreaccuratelythan

inobjectivemarkers.

OriHeffetz,aneconomicsprofessorwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysthatthisresearchshowsfeelings

datashouldn'tbeunderestimatedevenifthey'remoredifficulttostudy."Scientistswhoignorethisdosoattheirown

risk,^^hesays.

Lookingahead,Kaiserhopesthissamedatacanbestudiedinlower-incomecountriessothatitcanbeapplied

universallytoplaceswithvariedlevelsofeconomicdevelopment.Butmorethananythingelsehe'sinterestedin

studyingwhyfeelingsworksowell.

27.Paragraph2ismainlyabout.

A.researchprocessandfindings

B.researchtopicandsignificance

C.researchsubjectsandpurpose

D.researchdatacollectionandanalysis

28.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?

A.Italsoappliestopeoplefromlower-incomecountries.

B.Itchallengestheopinionthatfeelingsdataareunreliable.

C.Itexplainswhyratingsoffeelingscanforeseefutureactions.

D.Itfirstshowsdataaboutfeelingscanpredicthumanbehavior

29.WhatisOri'sattitudetowardsthestudy?

A.Neutral.B.Skeptical.C.Supportive.D.Cautious.

30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowYouRateYourLifePredictsYourFutureBehavior

B.FeelingsForecastActionsBetterthanEconomicFactors

C.WhyYourFeelingsAffectYourFutureActions

D.RankingEveryAspectofYourLifeCounts

D

Peoplewhothinkofthemselvesastough-mindedandrealistictendtotakeitforgrantedthathumannatureis

selfishandthatlifeisastruggleinwhichonlythefittestmaysurvive.Accordingtothisphilosophy,thebasiclawby

whichpeoplemustlive,isthelawofthejungle.The“fittest“arethosewhocanbringtothestrugglesuperiorforce,

superiorcunningandsuperiorruthlessness.

Butweareentitledtoaskwhethertheruthlessnessofthetiger,thecunningofthefoxandtheobediencetothe

lawofthejungleare,intheirhumanapplications,actuallyevidenceofhumanfitnesstosurvive.Ifhumanbeingsare

topickuppointersonbehaviorfromtheloweranimals,aretherenotanimalsotherthanbeastsofpreyfromwhich

wemightlearnlessonsinsurvival?

Wemight,forexample,looktotherabbitorthedeeranddefinefitnesstosurviveassuperiorspeedinrunning

awayfromourenemies.Wemightpointtotheearthwormorthemoleandattributetheirfitnesstosurvivetothe

abilitytokeepoutofsightandoutoftheway.Ifwesimplylooktoanimalsinordertodefinewhatwemeanby

“fitnesstosurvive,\thereisnolimittothesubhumansystemsofbehaviorthatwecanthinkup.Wemayemulateany

animalbecausetheyhaveallobviouslysurvivedinonewayoranother.Wearestillentitledtoask,however,ifhuman

survivaldoesnotrevolvearoundadifferentkindoffitnessfromthatoftheloweranimals.

Biologistsdistinguishbetweentwokindsofstruggleforsurvival.First,thereistheinterspecificstruggle,warfare

betweendifferentspeciesofanimals.Second,thereistheintraspecificstruggle,warfareamongmembersofasingle

species.Agreatdealofevidenceinmodernbiologyindicatesthatthosespeciesthathavedevelopedelaboratemeans

ofintraspecificcompetitionoftenmakethemselvesunfitforinterspecificcompetition,andthatstrengthand

fiercenessinfightingandkillingotheranimals,whetherininterspecificorintraspecificcompetition,haveneverbeen

enoughinthemselvestoguaranteethesurvivalofaspecies.

Ifwearegoingtotalkabouthumansurvival,oneofthefirstthingstodo,evenifwegrantthatpeoplemustfight

tolive,istodistinguishbetweenthosequalitiesthatareusefulinfightingtheenvironmentandotherspeciesand

thosequalitiesthatareusefulinfightingotherpeople.Therearealsocharacteristicsimportanttohumansurvivalthat

donotinvolvefighting.

Cooperationisessentialtothesurvivalofmostlivingcreatures.Andhumanbeingsarethetalkinganimals.Any

theoryofhumansurvivalthatleavesthisfactoutofaccountisnomorescientificthanwouldbeatheoryofbeaver

survivalthatfailedtoconsidertheinterestingusesabeavermakesofitsteethandfiattail.Letusseewhattalking

means.

恤

beaver

31.Accordingtothepassage,the"SurvivaloftheFittesf,theory___.

A.showsthatthetough-mindedandrealisticsurvive

B.isoftenusedasanexcuseforone'sbeingselfish

C.appliesbetterinhumansocietythaninthewild

D.isuniversallyacknowledgedamongscientists

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A.CopyB.Protect.C.Trap.D.Admire.

33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorismostlikelytoagreethat.

A.humanshavenosuperiorforceoverotherspecies

B.humanshavesurvivedbecausetheyarethefittest

C.humansdon'thavetoleamfromanimalstosurvive

D.humansneedtofighteachotherfortheirownsurvival

34.Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutnext?

A.Waystomakehumansmorecompetitive.

B.Human'scooperationviacommunication

C.Differencesbetweenbeaversandhumans.

D.Thedevelopmentofhumansurvivalskills.

第二節(jié)（共5小題海小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂

黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

TheScienceofRecreationalFear

Frompeek-a-bootoHalloweenhauntedhouses,researchshowsthatrecreationalfearcanteachustofacescary

situations.The"paradoxofhorror,,isthatbeingscared,undertherightcircumstances,canbefun.35

Havingfunwithfearisan“extremelyimportanttoolforlearning,saidMathiasClasen,directorofthe

RecreationalFearLabatAarhusUniversityinDenmark.t4Welearnsomethingaboutthedangersoftheworld.We

learnsomethingaboutourownresponses:Whatdoesitfeelliketobeafraid?HowmuchfearcanItake?”

Horrormovieshavegottenmorepopular.Andinonesurveyofmorethan1000Americans,conductedby

Clasen,55%describedthemselvesashorrorfans.36Manypeoplewhowouldnotconsiderthemselvesfans

offearenjoytrue-crimepodcastsandnovelsfeaturingviolenceandmurder.Othersmayenjoynaturedocumentaries

abouttoppredators（捕食性動物）suchassharksandbears.

Evenbabieslikebeingalittlespooked（驚的）.Peek-a-boois“aninfantjumpscare,Clasensaid.37

“Idon'tthinkI'veyetcomeacrossapersonwhodidnotenjoysomekindofrecreationalfbar,“hesaid.

38ItisacombinationofanadrenalineC腎上腺素）rushandanopportunitytolearnaboutdealingwith

scarysituationsinasafeenvironment,researcherssay.Whenweareafraid,ourendocrinesystemreleasesadrenaline,

noradrenalineandcortisoltohelpprepareourbodyforphysicalaction.Weknowthe“Halloween"movieMichael

Myersisnotreal,butourbrainstillrespondsasifhewereaburningthreat.Onebrainimagingstudyfoundthat

watchinghorrormoviesactivatesthreat-responsebrainregionssuchastheamygdala（扁桃腺）,prefrontalcortexand

insulaasifthedangerwerereal.

Afterthisrush,manypeopleexperienceanupliftedmood.Onestudyexaminedhow262adultsfeltbeforeand

aftertheyenteredanextremehauntedhouse.39Brainrecordingsbeforeandaftershowedthatthosewhose

moodimprovedhadasmallerneuralresponsetosubsequentstressors,whichisassociatedwiththepost-haunthigh.

A.Sowhydowelikeit?

B.Fiftypercentofpeoplesaidtheyfeltbetterafterthevisit.

C.Andrecreationalfear,asitisrightlynamed,couldbenefitus,too.

D.Playingwithfearhelpsuslearnwhatourbodydoesunderpressure.

E.Horror,though,isnottheonlygenreofwhatpeoplefindscaryfun,hesaid.

F.Wedefinerecreationalfearbroadlyasamixedemotionalexperienceoffearandenjoyment.

G.Classicchildhoodgamesoftagandhide-and-seekarejustliketherealscenesofpredatorvs.prey.

第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題;第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。

Engaginginmeaningfulconversationswithothersstrengthenssocialbondsandboostswell—beingfarmore

thansmalltalkdoes.Yetmanypeoplefearorevenactivelyavoidintimate(親密的)conversations,especiallywith

thosetheydon'tknowwell.Whyarewesounwillingtoengageinanactivitythatcouldbenefitussoacutely?

Accordingtonewresearch,itmaybeduetomiscalculatedexpectations,andchangingthemcouldfosterdeeper

connections.

InaseriesofstudiespublishedintheJounialofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,participantseitherengaged

in“shallow“conversations(speaking,fbrexample,abouttheirsleepscheduleorhowoftentheygethaircuts)or“deep”

discussions(coveringembarrassingmomentsorwhatthey'regratefulfbr).Beforechatting,theypredictedhow

awkwardanduncomfortabletheconversationwouldbe,howclosetheywouldfeeltotheirconversationpartner

afterward,andhowmuchtheywouldenjoytheinteraction.Participantswhoconsistentlyoverestimatedthe

awkwardnessoftheconversationsalsogreatlyunderestimatedhowmuchthey'denjoythemoreintimate

conversations,aswellashowclosethey'dfeeltotheirpartner.

Thenoticeabledifferencebetweenparticipants9expectationsandtheiractualexperienceseemedrootedinthe

assumptionthatconversationpartnerswouldn'tcareaboutthedetailsoftheirlives.t4Weunderestimate,essentially,

howsocialothersare,“explainsstudyauthorNicholasEpley,apsychologistattheUniversityofChicago.

SuchanassumptioncouldbeabarriertoformingdeeperconnectionswithothersEpleybelieves.Yet

participantsappearedabletocourse-correct.Whentheyweretoldaheadoftimethatit'scommontounderestimate

howmuchstrangerscareabouteachother,theyvoluntarilysteeredthetalksintodeeperdirections,potentiallyreaping

thebenefitsofdoingso.

Asinglereminderlikelyisn'tenoughtopermanentlychangemiscalculatedassumptions,Epleywarns.But

makingtheefforttoengageinjustafewpositiveinteractionscouldhelpsomeonementallyreset.44Afterhavinga

meaningfulconversation,peopleusuallywanttohaveanotherone,^^hesays."Butyoucanlearnonlyfrom

experiencesthatyouhave,^^headds.t4Ifyouthinkitwillbeunpleasanttotalktosomeoneandthereforenevertry,

you'Hneverfindoutthatyouwerewrong.”

40.Whyarepeopleunwillingtogetinvolvedinintimateconversations?

41.Whatcouldstoppeopleformingdeeperconnectionswithothers?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

AAsingleremindercanpennanentlychangeourassumptions,butwestillneedtoengageinpositiveinteractionsto

helpusmentallyreset.

43.Doyouprefertohavea“shallow“conversationora"deep"discussionwithstrangers?Andgiveyourreasons.

(Inabout40words)

第二節(jié)(20分)

44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校將與國際友好校聯(lián)合舉辦主題為“我是美食家(Gastronome)w的

英語線上交流活動，請你用英語寫一份發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹你學(xué)會的一道美食并簡述做法；

2.談?wù)剬W(xué)做這道美食的感受及活動的意義。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

提示詞語：美食一delicacy;

Hello,everyone!

That,sall.Thankyou.

參考答案

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分）

【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.A5.B6.D7.C8.D9.B10.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文?！靶κ亲詈玫牧妓帯薄ＴS多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的醫(yī)療結(jié)

果。文章對此進行了解釋。

【1題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多研究表明，幸福感更高的人往往有更好的醫(yī)療結(jié)果。A.success成功；B.

confidence信心；C.happiness快樂；幸福；D.determination決心。結(jié)合上文“Laughteristhebest

medicine"可知，此處指笑帶給人們的更大的幸福往往會帶來更好的醫(yī)療結(jié)果。故選C。

【2題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，2017年諾丁漢大學(xué)的一項研究測試了138名接受正常流感注射的退休人

員的情緒效果。A.avoiding避免;B.receiving接受;C.missing錯過；D.organizing組織。結(jié)合下文“the

normalfluinjection可知，此處指他們接受流感疫苗的注射。故選B。

【3題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那些在接種疫苗當(dāng)天感到高興的人繼續(xù)產(chǎn)生更多的抗流感抗體。A.produce制

造;生產(chǎn)；B.repair修理；C.detect發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.absorb吸收。根據(jù)空前"Thosewhofelthappyonthedayofthe

vaccination及下文“moreflu-fightingantibodies”可知，對于當(dāng)天接種疫苗的人而言，他們會產(chǎn)生更多的

流感抗體。故選A。

【4題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是高興真的能帶來健康嗎，還是恰恰相反呢？A.health健康；B.mood情

緒；C.relationship關(guān)系；D.performance表現(xiàn)。結(jié)合前文”people'smoodaffectstheactivationofgenesthat

fightdisease."可知，人們的情緒會影響對抗疾病的基因的激活，所以此處是在問高興真的能帶來健康嗎。

故選A?

【5題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，那些擁有強大免疫系統(tǒng)的人自然也會有更高水平的其他改善情緒的大腦

化學(xué)物質(zhì)。A.gradually逐漸地；B.naturally自然地；C.randomly隨便地；任意地；D.rarely稀有地。根據(jù)

下文4（havehigherlevelsofothermood-improvingbrainchemicalsaswell"可知，擁有強大免疫系統(tǒng)的人自然

也會有更高水平的其他改善情緒的大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選B。

【6題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這里有一個可能的進化解釋。A.solution解決方法；B.prediction預(yù)測；C.

application應(yīng)用；D.explanation解釋。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容提示，可知此處是用人類的進化來作解釋。故選D。

【7題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人類作為社會性生物進化而來，它們?nèi)后w合作以獲得食物并保護自己免受野生

動物的傷害。A.consume消費；B.serve服務(wù)；C.secure（尤指通過努力）獲得；取得；D.purchase購買。

根據(jù)下文“protectthemselvesfromwildanimals”可知，此處指人類通過群體合作來獲得食物。故選C。

【8題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們與朋友和家人的密切關(guān)系網(wǎng)更快樂，因為這提高了我們生存的機會。A.

fixed固定的；B.enormous巨大的;C.complicated復(fù)雜的;D.close親近的；親密的。結(jié)合下文“network

offriendsandfamilybecausethisimprovedourchancesofsurvival.Butcloselysocializinggroups”可知，這里

指和朋友及家人之間的親密關(guān)系，提高了我們的生存機會。故選D。

【9題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，密切社交的群體也是流感和感冒等呼吸道感染的滋生地，因此我們需要

增加抗擊這些疾病的基因的活性。A.functions功能；B.infections傳染??；C.activities活動;D.systems系

統(tǒng)。結(jié)合下文“suchasfluandcolds”可知，感冒和流感是傳染病。故選B。

【10題詳解】

考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然而，對于那些與社會隔絕的人來說，傳染病并不是什么大問題，幫助他

們從身體傷害中恢復(fù)過來的基因可能會被優(yōu)先考慮，而不是那些對抗疾病的基因。A