閱讀理解專題（胡芳）（區(qū)一等獎）

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中考英語閱讀理解解題技巧吳忠市郭橋中心學(xué)校胡芳

2017寧夏中考英語考試說明

閱讀理解能力是初中英語中考的主要考查內(nèi)容，著重考查考生理解各種題材和體裁的書面材料的能力以及從各種材料中獲取信息的能力，不僅考查細(xì)節(jié)，還重視考查深層理解能力，包括把握所讀材料的主旨和要義、根據(jù)已知事實作出簡單推斷、理解作者的觀點和態(tài)度以及根據(jù)語境猜測詞義等?？荚囆问讲粌H有傳統(tǒng)的選擇題型，還將設(shè)置非選擇題型。

閱讀理解做題步驟一、先讀問題，弄清考查要點二、快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌三、細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞四、重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對答案

能力考點題型分類

題型特點題干中會涉及到文章的事實和細(xì)節(jié)，此類考題一般在文章中都能找到相對應(yīng)的答案解題技巧

帶題查閱速定位緊扣主題排干擾題文對照細(xì)辨?zhèn)?/p>

Pargraph2Hehassilverhairandisverykind.Hefeelsthathisagehelpshimwithhisjob.Heremembersalotofthingspeopleaskabout.Hesaysthateverydayisdifferent,soheisneverbored.Hewilltryhisbesttoanswerallyourquestions.Hetriestoreturntheanswerswithin(在……之內(nèi))24hours.Thequestionshegetsareverydifferenteachday.Heloveshisjob.Andthecompanyhasaverygoodreputation(名聲).2015年寧夏中考閱讀A帶題查閱速定位，提高答題針對性46.The63-year-oldmanisneverboredbecause________.A.hebelievesthatheisclever B.hethinkseverydayisdifferent C.heknowsthatheiskind D.hefindsthathisjobiseasytodo2015年寧夏中考閱讀A帶題查閱速定位，題文對照細(xì)辨?zhèn)?8.Ifyouaskthesecondcomputercompanyaquestion,youmay________.A.nevergetananswer B.getaprizeinsteadofananswer C.getananswerverysoon D.getananswerfromaspecialplaceParagraph3However,theothercompanydoesn’thaveaspecialplaceforpeopletoaskquestions.Ifacustomerasksaquestion,ittakesalongtimetogetananswer.Sometimespeoplemaynevergetanansweratall.Italwaysmakescustomersunhappy.根據(jù)上下文猜測生詞的含義的能力【說明】要求根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語的準(zhǔn)確含義，常見提問方式有：◆Theword“_____”inthepassageprobablymeans________.◆What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“______”inthepassage?詞語釋義題：根據(jù)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，中學(xué)生應(yīng)能閱讀生詞量不超過3%的文章，因此對這3%的生詞進(jìn)行詞義猜測是應(yīng)該具備的能力。猜詞技巧返回原文，找到該句子結(jié)合上下文，理解該詞的意思重點抓字面含義選項中的正確答案意思與原句完全相同，只是用其他詞匯表達(dá)正確答案常蘊(yùn)藏在原文該詞出現(xiàn)的前后句子中2015年寧夏中考閱讀C返回原文，找到該句子結(jié)合上下文，理解該詞意思58.Theunderlinedword“charity”means“________”inChinese.A.享受 B.休閑 C.慈善 D.消費(fèi)Paragraph3

Alainclimbsasahobby.Healsodoesittomakemoneyforcharity

(forpoorchildrenandthehomeless).(根據(jù)語境，結(jié)合上下文猜詞)2016年寧夏中考閱讀C返回原文，找到該句子結(jié)合上下文，理解該詞意思53.Theunderlinedphrase‘useasfuel’means————.

AdropBfireCburnDliveParagraph5Then,whilethosefirefightersdig,othersstartabackfire.Theyburnthedrygrassandleavesbetweenthewildfireandthefireline.Whenthewildfirecomes,thereisnothingforittouseasfuel.主要提問方式：

Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

It’sclear/certainthat____Accordingtothepassage,____It’sclearthewriter____

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____

1）對文章細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行判斷：給出4個說法判斷正誤,有的選項源自文章，有的選項在文章中找不到，必須根據(jù)上下文來推斷。

2）對文章的結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度進(jìn)行判斷：從文章中能推斷(infer)結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度意圖等。與文章信息相關(guān)與作者的態(tài)度相關(guān)55Accordingtothepassage,Whichisthefollowingstatementsiswrong?ASmokejumpersareoftenthelastfirefighterstoreachafire.BThefirefightersdigafirelinetostopthefirecrossingtheline.CThefirefightersstartabackfirebyburningthedrygrassandleavesDSomefirefighterscutdowndeadtreessothatthefirecan’tmovetoothertrees.

1）對文章細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行判斷：給出4個說法判斷正誤,選項源自文章，可以在文章中找到，進(jìn)行題文對比就可以找到正確答案。

2016年寧夏中考閱讀理解C

Paragraph3

Smokejumpers(空降森林滅火員)areoftenthefirstfirefighterstoreachafire.Togetcloser,theyjumpfromaplant.Theyareespecially...

Pragraph4

Ontheground,firefightersworktogetherstopthefire.First,onegroupdigsafireline.Thisisalongdeepditch（溝).Itisdifficultforthefiretocrossthisline.Paragraph5

Then,whilethosefirefightersdig,others

startabackfire.Theyburnthedrygrassandleavesbetweenthewildfireandthefireline.Paragraph6

Otherfirefighterscutdowndeadtrees.Thatwaythefirecan’tmovetoothertrees.

1.對文章細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行判斷：有的選項能在文章中找到對應(yīng)信息，但需要聯(lián)系上下文分析才可以找出答案。

2013年寧夏中考閱讀C篇解題技巧

回歸原文，逐個擊破。()58.WhatistrueaboutgettingmusicfromtheInternet?A.Itisn’talwaysfree. B.NewCDsareverycheap.C.TheusedCDsarealittleexpensive. D.Itisalwaysfree.

Paragraph2TheInternetprovidesmorethanjustinformation.Therearesiteswhereyoucandownload(下載)musicandfilmseitherforfreeorforasmallcharge(收費(fèi)).Othersitesallowyoutogetintouchwithpeoplefromallovertheworldandtherearesomegreatonlineshops.OneBay,forexample,peoplesellusedclothes,CDsandevencarsverycheaply.解題技巧

先找證據(jù)，再來推斷。49.Thewriterthinksitis________forcompaniestohaveapersonansweringpeople’squestions.A.difficult B.interesting C.silly D.important(2015寧夏中考)However,theothercompanydoesn’thaveaspecialplaceforpeopletoaskquestions.Ifacustomerasksaquestion,ittakesalongtimetogetananswer.Sometimespeoplemaynevergetanansweratall.Italwaysmakescustomersunhappy.

Companiesshouldhaveapersonwhowillanswerpeople’squestions.

Itkeepscustomershappy.Happycustomerswillkeepdoingbusinesswiththecompany.注意在推斷作者的態(tài)度是力求從作者的觀點去思考，切勿憑個人觀點或習(xí)慣看法去選擇答案.2）對文章的結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度進(jìn)行判斷：從文章中能推斷出(infer)結(jié)論、作者的態(tài)度意圖等。掌握所讀材料的主旨和要義的能力【說明】主要針對段落（或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的，常見提問方式有：

1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat_______.3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.

主旨要義題主旨概括想大意，首段尾段找主題，作者觀點很重要，通讀全文細(xì)分析。解題技巧

56Thewriterwantsto----------

AexplainwhyfireisnotaproblemBshowushowfiresdestoryeverythingCtellushowfirefightersfightwildfiresDteachushowtobeagoodfirefighter(2016年寧夏中考英語閱讀C)

主旨概括想大意，首段尾段找主題，作者觀點很重要，通讀全文細(xì)分析。解題技巧

（首段）Smokefillsthesky.Thedayisasdarkasnight.Heatmakesithardtobreathe.Thisistheworldofawildfirefighter(消防員)...Buttherearewaystofightit.Byair

Smokejumpers(空降森林滅火員)areoftenthefirstfirefighterstoreachafire.Togetcloser,theyjumpfromaplant.Theyareespeciallyimportant