大學英語四級寫作-課件

大學英語四級寫作ppt課件CET-4的新變化改變1（ListeningPart）

原復合式聽寫題目中的句子聽寫換成聽寫單詞與詞組。優(yōu)勢：學生不需要聽長句，正確率上升缺點：數(shù)量增多，需要聽寫共10個單詞/詞組。改變2（ReadingPart）

快速閱讀原選擇/填空題變?yōu)槎温湫畔⑵ヅ漕}，加重對考生理解能力的考察。改變3（TranslationPart）

完型填空取消；句子翻譯改為段落翻譯，分值上升15分。段落翻譯除了考察學生的基本翻譯能力外，著重考察學生的全篇掌握能力，尤其是對上下文邏輯關系的理解。四級寫作部分簡介2.時間與字數(shù)要求

1．時間要求：30分鐘時間安排：3m審題并構思結構和主要內容20-25m寫2m檢查2.字數(shù)要求：120-150字考試題型議論文（Argument）書信類(Letter)看圖說話圖表類（Chart）議論文（Argument）話題：1）校園生活類話題：[E.g]2009.12：CreatingaGreenCampus2）社會熱點類話題：[E.g]2010.12:HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?如何寫好一篇議論文？——AGoodOutlineOutlineComposition（提綱作文）GeneralOutlineofArguments1.一篇議論文基本可以分為3大部分1).引入話題（通過一個日?，F(xiàn)象，最好不要照抄題目，可以進行同義詞替換）2).議論部分（闡述不同的論點，注意題目中給出的中文提綱）3).總結（再次點題；再次強調自己的立場）2.段落數(shù)：2+N一般為4段例題2000年6月Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicIsATestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?

Thefirstsentencehasalreadybewrittenforyou.Youshouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:1．很多人認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是……2．也有人持不同意見，……3．我的看法和打算如何引入？——一個現(xiàn)象ATestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?WiththedevelopmentofEnglisheducationinChina,nowadays,manyattentionshavebeenpaidtospokenEnglishskills.Thequestion,wetherstudentscanactuallyuseEnglishasacommunicationtoolafteryearsofstudy,hascausedhotdebate.Asaresult,testofspokenEnglishisbecomingincreasinglycommoninEnglisheducation.Butdoesitreallynecessarytosetsuchatest?如何議論？——根據提綱，各個擊破1．很多人認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是……2．也有人持不同意見，……3．我的看法和打算(結論)議論段落基本結構：TopicSentences+SupportiveDetails/ExamplesTopic:AgreeDetails:1.Chinesestudents'poorperformanceinspokenEnglish;2.BringawarenessoftheimportanceoforalEnglishtostudents.Topic:DisagreeDetails:1.Studentsalreadyhaveenoughburdentowardstheirstudy;2.Tosomeextent,readingandwritingskillsisenoughforstudentstogetagoodremarkinexam.如何結尾？——你的看法和打算我的看法和打算(結論)基本結構：Yourthought+Themeaningofyourchoice例：我認為應該舉辦英語口試+這么做的意義何在Inmyopinion,atestofspokenEnglishwilldomoregoodthanharm.SinceChinawillcontinueitspolicyofopeningandreform,theabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyisamustforanyonewhowantstosurpassothersinahighlycompetitivesociety.WhetherItakethetestornot,IshallsparenoeffortstopracticeoralEnglishintheremainingyearsofmycollegestudy.模板1PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX./__or__,whichisbetter?Differentpeoplehavediverseopinionsuponthisquestion(issue)./People’sopinionsaredivideduponthisissue.Somepeoplethink(believe,argue,recognize,)that觀點1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat觀點2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,論據1.Moreimportantly,論據2.Mostimportantofall,論據3.Insummary,總結觀點.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表決心.模板2（3段論）ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX（爭論的焦點）.Somepeopleareoftheviewthat觀點1,whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat觀點2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,論據1.Furthermore,論據2.Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,論據3.Fromtheabovediscussion,wecancometotheconclusionthat總結觀點.(可加諺語做結尾)

高分策略：注重結構的邏輯性關聯(lián)詞：一.Addition此外inaddition,and，similarly，besides，furthermore，also，moreover，notonly...but，二.Sequence順序Inthefirstplace,initially，tobeginwith，inthesecondplace,moreoverinthethirdplace,atlast,finally三.Consequence結果asaresult,thus，therefore，consequently，itfollowsthat，thereby，eventually，tothatcase，admittedly高分策略：注重結構的邏輯性七.Summary總結inconclusion,insummary，tosumup，toconclude，torecapitulate,inshort，allinall八.Example舉例forexample，forinstance，justas，inparticular，suchas，namely九.Reason原因since，as,so,because(of)，dueto，owingto，thereasonwhy，inotherwords,leadsto，cause

高分策略：注重結構的邏輯性四.Contrast對比(轉折)however,ontheotherhand，despite，inspiteof，though，although，but，onthecontrary，otherwise,yet，insteadof，rather，whereas，nonethelesscomparedwith，incontrast五.Certainty確定obviously,certainly，plainly，ofcourse，undoubtedly六.Condition條件if,unless，whether，providedthat，sothat，whether，dependingon，Incasethat圖表類（Chart）解題思路：1）審題：認真閱讀寫作提示2）作文提綱：第一段：轉述文章題目，仔細描述圖表內容，并闡述數(shù)據顯示出的問題/現(xiàn)象/趨勢第二段：分析這種問題/現(xiàn)象/趨勢出現(xiàn)的原因第三段：做出評價，這種問題/現(xiàn)象/趨勢可能引發(fā)的結果與對策。例題Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestostartashortessayentitled

TheReductionofStudents’ExtracurricularActivitiesbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(weeklyhours).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakeyourcommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

hoursyear

Accordingtothefiguresshowninthegraph,wecanseethatgreatchangeshavetakenplace

intheextracurricularactivitieshoursamongstudentintheuniversity.Thehoursstudentsspentonextracurricularactivitiesperweekhasbeendecreasingatasteadyratefromtheyearof2002to2012.Thisdecreaseprovesthatstudentsarefarawayfromtheextracurricularactivities.

第一段：描述圖表內容：數(shù)據顯示學生課外活動時間越來越少。第二段：分析這種現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因。

Toaccountforthisphenomenon,peoplehavecomeupwithvariousreasons.Inthefirstplace,nowstudentsspendmuchmoretimeoncomputergames.Sotheycan’thaveenoughtimetotakeregularphysicalexercises.Inthesecondplace,theuniversitiesdon’tpayasmuchattentionontheextracurricularactivitiesasonthestudents’study.第三段：做出評價：這種現(xiàn)象會引發(fā)健康問題，并給出對策。

Whateverthereasonis,thistrendwilldefinitelycausesomehealthproblemsinthestudents.soinordertoavoidsuchproblemsstudentsmustkeepinmindthattheyshouldtakemoreextracurricularactivitiesandhaveaproperattitudetowardit.圖表題形式及常見類型圖表graph曲線curve表格table如果不能判斷是什么類型的圖就寫picture或illustration圖表題長用單詞，結構及句型：單詞：上升increaserisesoargoupward下降decreasereducegodownwarddeclinedrop圖表題占%：accountfor例：目前養(yǎng)狗的人數(shù)占這個小區(qū)總人數(shù)的30%。這個數(shù)字在兩年后還要翻倍。Thenumberofpeopleraisingdogstodayaccountsforthirtypercentofallthepeopleinthedistrict.Intwoyearsthisamountisexpectedtodouble.圖表題句型：Itisobviousinthepicturethat…Thepictureindicates/makesitclearthat…As(canbe)seenfromthe...,…Asisshowninthepicture,...描寫圖片或數(shù)據的常用句型1.In1990,itincreased/decreasedfrom...to...2.Bycomparisonwith1998,itdecreased/increasedby3.Thefigurehasnearlydoubled,comparedwiththatoflastyear.描寫圖片或數(shù)據的常用句型4.Ithasincreased/decreasedalmost倍數(shù),comparedwith...5.Thenumberis倍數(shù)asmuchasthatof1990.6.Ittakesup...percentofthetotal.7.Thenumberwasmore/lessthan...,ahalf/third/quarterofthe1990total.看圖說話解題思路：1.仔細閱讀題干，確定寫作主題2.簡要描述漫畫（who,what,when,where…）3.揭示主題（觀點）并加以解釋和說明論證；揭示現(xiàn)象(問題)并闡述現(xiàn)象（問題）產生的原因4.給出自己的看法：(a)提出建議，重申觀點(b)對如何解決漫畫中所反映的問題提出合理建議或總結觀點。Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.四級寫作新題型--看圖作文2013.06真題看圖作文的解題思路應用1.審題（認真閱讀寫作提示）：

漫畫信息

“expressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig”確定寫作主題：做任何大事前都應該從小事做起（一屋不掃，何以掃天下。）作文提綱（結構）第一段：簡要描寫圖畫內容（who,what,when,where…）:父子之間的對話，兒子關注核廢料處理（disposalofnuclearwastes）,父親認為要從小事做起（emptythedustbinfirst）；DoingBigThingsStartsfromDoingSmallOnes

Asisvividlyrevealedinthepictureabove,theboyexpresseshisworriesaboutthedisposalofnuclearwastes,whilethefathertellshimtoemptythedustbinintheroomfirst.Thepictureremindsusof

anoldChinesesaying—Ifyoudon’tliketodotrivialthingslikecleaningyourroom,it’simpossibleforyoutoundertakeanyimportanttask.作文提綱（結構）第二段：解釋圖畫深刻含義（揭示主題）并加以解釋和說明論證。努力做好小事可以培養(yǎng)做大事所需要的優(yōu)良品質（developgoodqualitiesneededundertakingimportanttasks）;Undoubtedly,thesymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedinthepictureshouldbethatitisvitalandnecessarytodealwithtrivialthings.Doingsmallthingswellmayhelpusdevelopthegoodqualitiesneededinundertakingimportanttasks,whichlaysasolidfoundationforourfuturedevelopment.Smallthingswouldoftenmakethedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Wesurelyknowthatthewantofahorseshoenailmaycauseakingdomtobelost.Therefore,whenitcomestothekeytosuccess,themostimportantthingliesindoingeverytrivialthingwell.解釋圖畫深刻含義（揭示主題）并加以解釋和說明論證作文提綱（結構）第三段：給出自己的看法（總結全文，強調正確的做法）。

實現(xiàn)做大事的目標，不僅需要有雄心壯志（thegreatambition）,還需要有從小事踏踏實實做起的實踐精神（thepracticalspirit）.給出自己的看法（總結全文，強調正確的做法）

Inoneword,toachievegoalsneedsnotmerelythegreatambition,

but

thepracticalspiritofdealingwithtrivialthings.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakethehighesteminence.awareness:漫畫是新的，但闡述的道理或反映的問題應是熟悉的。2.preparation看看別人是怎么評價社會問題的。3.practice熟能生巧；記住一些常用的句型和短語，然后才能創(chuàng)新。4.learning多看英文范文；參考小學生看圖作文也行。5.ease相信自己；相信常識；無須緊張和過度解讀。看圖作文的應試策略書

信寫信人的地址日期收信人姓名收信人地址呼語，開頭語（寫信和回信）正文結尾語結束語落款書信寫信人的地址：中國河南省鄭州市蘭考縣抓哇鄉(xiāng)Zhuawavillage，LankaoCountyZhengzhou,HenanProvinceChina（由小到大）關于日期的寫法，應注意以下幾點：①年份應完全寫出，不能簡寫。②月份要用英文名稱，不要用數(shù)字代替。③月份名稱多用公認的縮寫式。但May,June,July,因為較短，不必縮寫。④寫日期時，可用基數(shù)詞1，2，3，4，5，……28，29，30，31等，也可用序數(shù)詞lst,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,……28th,29th,30th,31st等。但最好用基數(shù)詞，簡單明了。日期可有下列幾種寫法：①Oct.20,2007②20Oct,2004③20thOct,2004④Oct.20th,2004

按美國習慣,①最為通用日期的寫法，月、日、年，月份用英文，日和年用阿拉伯數(shù)字。例如：2008年9月8日應寫成：Sep.8,2008或_09/08/2008_書信收信人姓名和地址（給熟人可?。┬彰耙臃Q號對已婚男子用什么？未婚呢？對已婚女子用什么？未婚呢？不知結婚沒結婚呢?對教授Professor對博士Doctor(簡寫是什么)稱呼：DearXXX，是不是什么情況下都可以用dear來稱呼？Dearguy/madam？書信1）稱呼：（1）寫給機構：A.不認識負責人：DearSirorMadam,DearSir/Madam,Towhomitmayconcern,B.認識負責人：DearMr./Ms.President/Professor/Manager/Editor(Michael)Wang,（2）寫給個人：A.關系不親密：DearMr./Ms.President/Professor/Manager/Editor(Michael)Wang,B.關系親密：DearMichael,書

信正文開頭句：請求某事：Iama/anfreshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduatefromtheSchoolofBusinessinAnkangUniversity.Iboldlywritethisletterto...告知/反映某事：Iamwritingtheletterinthepurposeofexpressingdissatisfaction/disappointment/concernregarding/concerningtheserviceofourcanteen.書

信尾段寫法：1）表示感謝：（1）Mythankstoyou.

yourgeneroushelparebeyondwords.（2）Wordscannotexpressmysinceregratitudetoyou.（3）Itakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartistappreciationforthekindassistanceyourenderedme.2）期待回信：（1）Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply/hearingfromyousoon.（2）Ilookforwardtoafavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.（3）Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.練習2002年1月Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionon:假設你是李明，請你就本校食堂的狀況給校長寫出一封信，內容應涉及食堂的飯菜質量、價格、環(huán)境、服務等，可以是表揚，可以是批評建議，也可以兼而有之。January12th,2002DearMr.President,_________________________________________________________________________LiMing高分策略：四大黃金句型1.As引導的讓步狀語從句的句式變化先來看一個句子：盡管他年紀很小，但是他做事情就像個成年老爺們兒一樣。Althoughheisyoung,heactslikeagrown-upman.轉化規(guī)則：把although換成as，并將表語提前，即可。即:Youngasheis,heactslikeagrown-upman.練習：盡管這本書很怪誕，但他背后所表達的思想卻與海洋一樣深邃。Ridiculousasthebookis,themeaningbehinditisasdeepasocean.高分策略：四大黃金句型2.倒裝在寫作中我們可以使用的五種倒裝有：

1)only+狀語在句首，后面句子部分倒裝。Wecansolvetheproblemonlyinthisway.Onlyinthisway,canwesolvetheproblem.Hecanmakehimselfheardonlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice. Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice,ca