西方思想經(jīng)典-南京大學中國大學mooc課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年

西方思想經(jīng)典_南京大學中國大學mooc課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年Bacon’stheoryofknowledgediffersfromPlato’sinthat______.

參考答案:

hestressestheimportanceofexperience

Inthelate1970s,thecentralissuesofwomen’sliberationmovementintheU.S.didNOTinclude__________.

參考答案:

education_professionaldevelopment_suffrage

“Femininity”ortheso-calledfemalecharacteristicsmayincludethefollowing___________.

參考答案:

irresponsible_frivolous_infantile

CartesianDualismarguesthattheworldismadeupof_____.

參考答案:

mindandmatter

“Existenceprecedesessence”stresses___________.

參考答案:

concretenessandfluidityofhumanexistence

AccordingtoMartinLuther,only__________________ensuressalvation.

參考答案:

faith

Webercallstheurgetofulfiltheworldlyobligations“calling,”namely,________.

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totakeimmediateactionsandperformduty

Vico’sprincipleofverumfactumthatabsoluteknowledgecanonlybeverifiedbythecreatorindicates___.

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therealmofknowledgemanifestsitselfinitsdiversityandrichness

AccordingtoBrunoLatour,sciencestudiesshouldturnfrom“mattersoffact”toward“_________.”

參考答案:

mattersofconcern

Whichofthefollowingstatement(s)is/areFalse,accordingtoSontag?

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Menshouldtakealltheresponsibilitiesforreducingwomentoobjects._Womenshouldtryhardtostayasyoungaspossible,otherwisetheywilllosethebattleagainstmen._Menarenotsubjecttoanypressureoftakingcareoftheirlooks,becausethisiswhat“masculinity"isallabout.

Bacon’stechniqueof“gradualascent”referstoagradualascent,orincrease,of______.

參考答案:

thegeneralityofone’stheory

_________,aconceptdevelopedbyJohnCalvin,referstothebeliefthatGodchooseswhomtoredeem.

參考答案:

Predestination

JudithButlerbelievesthatpracticesof___mayrevealtheperformativestatusofgender.

參考答案:

parody

Galileo,withhistelescope,helpedprovethevalidityof____modelagainst____model.

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Copernicus’sheliocentric;Aristotle’sgeocentric

By“TheintentionoftheHolyGhostistoteachushowonegoestoheaven,nothowheavengoes”,Galileomeans________

參考答案:

oneshouldnottaketheBibletooliterally

Whichofthefollowingisadefensemechanism?

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repression_regression_rationalization

Butlerusestheterm“_______”toemphasizethatthesubjectiscreatedbycitation.

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subject-effect

Theword“queer”inqueertheoryreferstosomethingfundamentally_______.

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non-essential

Butlerbelievesthatpracticesof_____mayrevealtheperformativestatusofgender.

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parody

Accordingto____,“oneisnotborn,butbecomes,awoman.”

參考答案:

SimonedeBeauvoir

“BodyPolitics”canbeappliedtoaccountfor_______________.

參考答案:

thepracticesandpoliciesthroughwhichthesocietyregulatesthehumanbody

Plato’sallegoryofthecaveimpliesthat___________.

參考答案:

welivefigurativelyinalargersocietalcavernandhavetoworkhardtogetoutofit

WhatisFreud'suniquemethodinstudyingpsychologicaldisorders?

參考答案:

Heprobesintohumans’minds

InhisNinety-fiveTheses,Luthercriticized_________forsellingindulgences.

參考答案:

theCatholicchurch

GalileoiscalledtheFatherofModernSciencebecausehe_____.

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calledfortheindependenceofscientificenquiry

Sciencehastodealwiththeexternalforceswhichgoagainstit,exemplifiedbypeoplesuchas_______

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Giambattista

Vico

TheStructureofScientificRevolutions,publishedin1962byThomasKuhn,markedthe“subjectiveturn”inthephilosophyofscience,characterizedby___________.

參考答案:

ashiftfromnaturetotherelationofnatureandman

“TheScienceWars”tookplaceinthe__________________todebatethenatureandmeaningofscience.

參考答案:

1990s

TheSokalaffairreferstoanAmericanphysicist’spublishedparodyof______thinking.

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postmodernist

Sinceman’sunderstandingofhumansocietyispartial,Vicoargues,humanknowledgeshouldalsoinclude______

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myths_literature_legends

Whichofthefollowingisthestageofdevelopmentforscience?

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normalscience_prescience_crisis

Aroundtheturnofthe20thcentury,anew“scientificrevolution”tookplace,involvingthefollowing___________.

參考答案:

WernerHeisenberg_AlbertEinstein_NielsBohr

ThenewacademicfieldScienceandTechnologyStudies(STS)takesa_____approachtoscienceanditswayofproduction.

參考答案:

sociological

Inherbook,JudithButlertookalinguisticturntodiscusstheperformativityofgenderanddistinguishitfromperformance.

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BodiesThatMatter

GiambattistaVicoconceptofscienceis“new”inthat___________.

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ittakesmanintoconsiderationforanunderstandingofscience

AccordingtoMachiavelli,aprinceoughttopaythegreatestattentiontowaranditsrulesanddiscipline,becausethiswill____.

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helphimacquireandmaintainpower

TheRenaissanceManbyGiovanniPicoisbestrepresentedby____.

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the

seedsofallpossibilitiesbestowedbyGod

Theideologyof“progressiveimperialism”ismisleadingmainlybecauseit______.

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providedamoraljustificationforimperialismasanobleenterprise

Asahumanistandliberalist,JohnStuartMillsupportedallthefollowingexcept_____.

參考答案:

thebeliefthatallmenarecreatedequal

TheproblemwithSubjectivismisthat___________.

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theunstrainedsubjectivitywilloverlooktheexistenceofobjectivereality

Bacon’smethodofinductionproposesthatinscience,oneshouldproceed_____.

參考答案:

fromspecificstogeneral

MaxWebersaythatasceticProtestantismcontributestotheriseofmarket-drivencapitalismbecauseofthefollowingreasonsexcept_______.

參考答案:

pursuitofmaterialityandgreed

TheEnglishword"Bible"means______.

參考答案:

thebooks

Whatdoes"testament"meanintheBible?

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covenant

Scholasticismhasalottodowith______.

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theinterpretationoftheChristianBible

Augustine’sChristianphilosophyis________innature.

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Platonic

ThomasAquinasisbestknownforhiscombinationof__________withChristiantheology.

參考答案:

Aristotle’sscience

WhatisthepurposeofMartinLuther'sNinety-fiveTheses?

參考答案:

Toquestionthecorruptchurchpracticeofsellingindulgences

IntheBible,TheApocalypse(meaning“revelation”)isalsocalled_______.

參考答案:

TheFinalJudgment

WhatarethecoretenetsrepeatedlyemphasizedintheOldTestament?

參考答案:

thesignificanceandvalueofsuffering_theimportanceofdevoutnessandvirtue_integrityandrighteousness

TheProtestantReformationwasnotignitedbythe________.

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thedisagreementonleadership_theproblematicsurvivalofChristianity_theinfluencefrompolitics

Calvinismandcapitalismbelongtodifferentmindsetnotbecause_______.

參考答案:

Capitalismisunworldlyandspiritual,andProtestantismstandsformaterialityandgreed_Capitalismisgreedyandspiritual,andProtestantismstandsformaterialityandunworldliness_Capitalismisunworldlyandgreedy,andProtestantismstandsformaterialityandspirituality

ThescholasticismofSt.ThomasAquinasisknownforitscombinationof___.

參考答案:

Aristotle’ssciencewiththeChristianfaith

Asceticismisalifestylethatisnotasscoiatedwith___________.

參考答案:

developinganobsessionwithbodilygratification_permittingunionwiththedivine_releasingthesoulfrombondagetothebody

Platoinsiststhatknowledgebecertainandinfallible,andhecallsthis_______.

參考答案:

Form

Platoisknownforhisfamousallegoryofthecave,whichtellsusthat________.

參考答案:

weshouldgetoutofthecaveandgainenlightenment

Baconisa(n)_____statesmanwholivedin______.

參考答案:

English;theRenaissanceperiod

Baconidentifiesfour“Idols”,inotherwords,______.

參考答案:

impedimentstoclearhumanreasoning

Epistemologydealswiththefollowingquestions,including_____.

參考答案:

whatisknowledge?_howisknowledgeacquired?_whereisknowledgetobefound?

Theword“empiricism”originatesnotfrom_____.

參考答案:

Chine