實用翻譯期末報告

翻譯選材來源于麥肯錫的一篇英文文章。麥肯錫公司1926年成立于，如Thefamily-businessfactorinemergingmarkets，主要講述了新興市場中企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀。比。文章就企業(yè)在新興市場的特點、現(xiàn)狀、優(yōu)勢進(jìn)行了介紹。中國作為新興市場中的重要力量，為企業(yè)的發(fā)展提供了良好的環(huán)境。這一課題的研究，有利于中國企業(yè)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。從譯者角度講，該文章可以豐富經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的16001100字進(jìn)行翻譯。著名翻譯理論本與呼喚文本。（，2010：106）本次選取的原文本為信息文本，即報章、科技等非文學(xué)作品。其旨在提供信息，說明情況，具體特點如下。此外，術(shù)語過度翻譯也造成了一定的。。2.2的語，這對于譯者的中文水平，尤其是信息類型文本的寫作能力有所要求。由于術(shù)語對應(yīng)的中文皆有“鍍金”二字，所以在谷歌上輸入“GildedAge鍍金”，211），進(jìn)行解釋。譯者曾在“家庭私營”與“企業(yè)”中猶豫。在初稿中，譯者由于擔(dān)心“企閱了百科（Familybusinesses：Itsdecision-makingisinfluencedbymultiplegenerationsofafamilywhoarecloselyidentifiedwiththefirmthroughleadershiporownership，發(fā)現(xiàn)“家庭私營”一詞不能體現(xiàn)出代際之間的，而“企業(yè)”指家庭或擁有企業(yè)的所有權(quán)和經(jīng)營權(quán)。并且在谷歌搜索后，發(fā)現(xiàn)中文中的企業(yè)未強(qiáng)調(diào)企業(yè)規(guī)模（小規(guī)模的企業(yè)將企業(yè)與多人持股企業(yè)進(jìn)行對比，所講述的運行模式、融資模式等，都是指稍有規(guī)1：Still,manager-ownersarelargelyrelievedofthequarter-to-quarter,short- thatcandefine-anddistortperformanceinWesternpubliccompanies,so r rtomakethehardchoicesnecessarytocreatelong-term進(jìn)行績效評估，但制定不好會適得其反。附錄1:7）從句是解釋說明benark，由于放在句中過長，放面會打破與上一句的連貫性，所以譯者將解釋性的話語放在了括號中。manager-owners一詞是上文所提到的由企業(yè)原文：Theveryfactthattheyarefamilybusinessesmaybeadvantageousinanemerging1：5）.紐、的文本分類及翻譯方法論的比較分析[J].開封大學(xué)， businesses企業(yè)在市場中龐大Family-ownedbusinessesarealargeandgrowing Organizationsthatwanttocollaborate—orcompete—withthesecompaniesinemergingmarketsmustfirstunderstandTheindustrialtitansoftheGildedAgewerelargelyfamilybusinesses.Buttoday,inmostdevelopednations—particularlytheUnitedStates,theUnitedKingdom, industry-leadingcompanies多都是企業(yè)。但如今，在英國、，大型的行業(yè)龍頭企業(yè)通常由多個股東分別持500涵蓋2標(biāo)黃一句由英文中的變成了主（dispersedtypicallyheldbyabroad,dispersedmixofshareholders.Lessthanone-thirdofthecompaniesintheS&P500,forexample,remainfounder-andfamily-ownedbusinesses,meaningthatafamilyownsasignificantshareandcaninfluenceimportantdecisions,particularlytheelectionofthechairmanand該類企業(yè)中，擁有巨大股是對董事會以及執(zhí)行3將最后一句主語Sofar,thepictureisquitedifferent Approximay60percentoftheirprivate-sectorcompanieswithrevenuesof$1billionormorewereownedbyfoundersorfamiliesin2010.AndtherearegoodreasonstothatthesecompanieswillremainamoresignificantpartoftheirnationaleconomiesinemergingmarketsthantheircounterpartsintheWestdidaboutacenturyago.Asbriskgrowthpropelsemergingregionsandtheirfamily-ownedbusinessesforward,ourysissuggeststhatanadditional4,000ofthemcould$1billioninsalesintheyearsfrom2010to2025(Exhibit1).Ifthat’showthingsshakeout,suchcompanieswillrepresentnearlypercentoftheworld’s同。2010年，新興市場中私營企業(yè)創(chuàng)下了10億甚至更多的收益，其中約有60%為家在新興市場的環(huán)境下，企業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位比100興地區(qū)的繁榮和企業(yè)的發(fā)明，從2010年起至2025年，若增加4000個企業(yè)，其銷在世界大型企業(yè)所占，將從2010年15%左右，提高至2025年的40%左右。因此，語序變?yōu)椤熬汀璭nterprisesin2025,upfromroughly15percentin2010.Develoanunderstandingofthem,therefore,isfast ingacruciallong-termpriority—notonlyforglobalcompaniesactiveinemergingmarkets,butalsoforwould-beinvestorsthatmustultimaydecidewhetherandhowtosupportthisfast-growingsegmentoftheThestartingpointformanyfamily-controlledlocalcompaniesisademonstrable,evendominant,“homefield”advantage;theyhaveadeepunderstandingoftheircountriesandindustries,aswellasconsiderableinfluenceonregulators.Theyderiveallthisfromyearsof relationshipswithstakeholdersacrossthevaluechain.Manyhaveprovedresilientthroughtimesofeconomic對于地方性企業(yè)來說，家許多企業(yè)在歷經(jīng)多次經(jīng)6Resilient一詞為survive的意思，翻用詞有些確，Theveryfactthattheyarefamilybusinessesmaybeadvantageousinanemergingmarket.Wheretheconventionsofcommerciallawandcorporateidentityarelessdeveloped,ngbusinessbehalfofafamilycan企業(yè)由經(jīng)營這一特顯，而企業(yè)代表了更高的可信度—畢竟信譽(yù)至關(guān)重要。的確，有時企業(yè)family一corporate —family’sreputationisatstake,afterall—andastrongercommitment.Indeed,wehaveobservedcircumstanceswherea commitmentfromtheownerofafamilybusinesswasaspowerfulasasigned認(rèn)為文中指“品牌Localphilanthropicefforts thissignaling.Inthe Foundation—anonprofitbranchoftheAyalaCorporation,thecountry’slargestconglomerateandafamily-ownedbusiness—statesitsmissionasimprovingthequalityoflifeforallFilipinosbyeradicatingpoverty.Similarly,,theGMRVaralakshmiFoundation,anarmofthemarket-leadingGMRGroup,strivesto“developsocialinfrastructureandenhancethequalityoflifeofcommunities”throughoutthecountry.Companiessuchastheseworkwithinandtheir庭企業(yè)。作為該的非下屬機(jī)構(gòu)，菲律賓（AyalaFoundation）的處于市場領(lǐng)軍地位的GMR，其旗下的GMR致力于在“進(jìn)行社會基礎(chǔ)Theycanalsoworkfast.Asoneexecutiveatsucha us:“Alltheworldistryingtomakemanagersthinklikeowners.Ifweputinoneoftheownerstowedon’tneedtosolve一位企業(yè)的執(zhí)行董事告訴9第一句中，workproblem.”Anowner–managermovemuchmorerapidlythan 10There’snoneedtopass（upachainofcommandortotheminfrontofan會之上，同時，許多非anexecutivefromoutside）board,andmanyofthe業(yè)所遇到的委托問題，agentchallengesthatconfrontfamily-controlled 能保證成功，但企業(yè)的 businessescanthereforecebetsthoughofcoursethere’sguaranteethattheywillpay11stillStill,manager–ownersarerelievedofthequarter-to-short-term arksthatdefine—anddistort—inWesternpubliccompanies, rtomakethehard Indeed,theowners’longtimehorizonsandsenseofmissionoftensuffusethewholeorganization.AMcKinseysurveyofbusinessesownedbyfamiliesandfoundersshowedthat90percentofboard managers—familymembersornot—saidthatfamilyvalueswerepresentintheorganization,及價值觀。錫公司對企業(yè)進(jìn)行了，其中90%的董事會成員以及管理者，不論其是否是成員，都認(rèn)為價值觀在企業(yè)中有所體timehorizons在標(biāo)黃一句reflecting后較難理healthhealthoftheirthenproduceasinglehealthorindex,reflectingtheextentwhichemployeesagreethat derivedlitmustestsineachof Whenweisolatefully70percentsaidthattheywerepartofitsday-to-dayoperations.Forthepasttenyears,McKinseyhasmeasuredandtrackedorganizationalhealthinhundredsofcompanies,businessunits,andfactoriesaroundtheworld.Nearlytwomillionemployeeshaveansweredquestionsthatratetheownedbyfamiliesandfoundersinemergingmarkets—aswedidfornearly60leadingcompaniesinAsia,CentralAmerica,andSouthAmerica,withover100,000survey esthatarebetterthanor companiesinthesamemarkets(Exhibit2).Moreover,inAsiathesecompaniesarestrongerthantheirnon-familycounterpartson practices,includingshared 進(jìn)行和，近200萬名員工參與到了錫公司的調(diào)狀況進(jìn)行了評估。錫公司9方面設(shè)定了公司健康得分放在新興市場中的企業(yè)時（如錫公司曾為來自亞于特定領(lǐng)域”的實將舉例說明放在了括號中，使上health織健康”出自《involvement,andcreativityForallthesereasons,theremaybelittleneedforcompaniestojettison ernancetoattractinvestment.Inaworldwhere-flowingcapitalseeksoutsuccess,theemergingmarkets’strong-performingpubliclytradedfamilybusinesseswillprobablyberewarded.Market-leadingonescanexpecttobesoughtoutbypotentialinvestorsandventurepartnersalike,forsuccessisa優(yōu)異的上市企業(yè)會獲得成巨大的。16最后一句本為但這樣結(jié)束有些突兀，在后面加了小Theresilienceoffamily-ownedbusinessesinemergingmarketscontainsaparadoxforglobalcompaniesoperatingthere.Manycompaniesapproachthesemarketsinsearchofrapidgrowth,yetthefamily-ownedbusinessesthey’reconsideringpartneringwitharebalancingtheimportanceofliquidityagainstanextremelylongview.Foundersandfamiliesholdtheirsharesfordecades,evencenturies.“Forus,”thechairmanofsuchabusinessexined,“shorttermis5years,andmediumtermis20years—thatis,onegeneration.”Multinationalsthataffordtheir