中考英語復(fù)習(xí)動名詞和不定式課件

動名詞和不定式Gerunds動名詞Agerundisaverbal;thatis,awordformderivedfromaverb.Eventhoughtheyarederived

fromverbs,verbalsperformgrammaticalfunctionsthatrealverbscannot.Gerundsareverbals

thatactasnouns動名詞是動詞性動詞;也就是說，從動詞衍生出來的詞形。盡管動詞是由動詞衍生而來的，但是動詞具有真正的動詞所不能具有的語法功能。動名詞是充當(dāng)名詞的動詞Gerunds動名詞Movingtoanewcityisalwaysstressful.Ienjoylisteningtomusicandreadingbooks.MentioningthistoBarbarawouldbeabigmistake.Gerundslookidenticaltopresentparticiples(baseformofverb+–ing),buttheydonotactlike

presentparticiples.Inthefirstsentence,thegerundmovingisactingasthenounsubjectofthesentence.動名詞看起來和現(xiàn)在分詞(動詞+-ing的基本形式)一樣，但它們的行為不像現(xiàn)在分詞。在第一個句子中，動名詞充當(dāng)句子的名詞主語。Gerunds動名詞ExampleProblemsWorkProblems1.(Read)and(write)arevitalskills.2.(Jog)hasneverbeenmyfavoriteformofexercise.3.(Hear)MayaAngelouspeakwasinspiring.4.Wecannotaskhimtohelpwithout(alert)himtoourplans.5.Practice(swing)thebatwithafluidmotion.WorkProblems6.Hemadealivingby(repair)antiquecars.7.Theydonotseemtohavetimeforanythingbut(drink)and(stay)outlate.8.Themanager’sresponsibilitiesare(supervise)employeesand(schedule)workshifts.9.(Decide)whattodowithourprofitswasnotdifficult.10.Iwarnedhimthat(program)thenewserverwouldtakeseveraldays答案及解析1.Reading,writing.(Forread,add–ing;forwrite,removethefinalebeforeadding–ing.)2.Jogging.(Doubletheconsonantbecausethewordhasonlyonesyllable.)3.Hearing.(Add–ingtothebaseform.)4.Alerting.(Add–ingtothebaseform.)5.Swinging.(Add–ingtothebaseform.)答案及解析6.Repairing.(Add–ingtothebaseform.)7.Drinking,staying.(Add–ingtothebaseform.)8.Supervising,scheduling.(Removethefinalebeforeadding–ingtothebaseform.)9.Deciding.(Removethefinalebeforeadding–ingtothebaseform.)10.Programming.(Theconsonantmustbedoubledattheendofthebaseform,program,whenadding–ingor–ed;notalltwo-syllablewordsrequirethis,forexample:profiting,debiting.)InfinitivesInfinitivesInfinitivesInfinitivesToformthenegativeofaninfinitive,placenotinfrontoftheinfinitive.Sheaskedmenottotellyou.BecauseIwasnotfeelingwell,Idecidednottogoswimming.

ExampleProblemsIdentifytheinfinitivesinthesesentences.1.IplantoflytoNewYorknextweek.Answer:Tofly.ToNewYorkisaprepositionalphrase,notaninfinitive.IttellswhereIplantofly.2.MyteacheradvisedmetotakethetestsothatIcangotocollege.Answer:Totake.Tocollegeisanotherprepositionalphrase.3.Weneededtobreakthewindowtogetintothehouse.Answer:Tobreak,toget.Inthissentence,theexpressioninordercouldbeinsertedtoclarifythemeaningofthesecondinfinitive:“Weneededtobreakthewindowinordertogetintothehouse.”WorkProblemsWorkProblems6.Thecoachadvisedtheteam(practice)moreoften.7.Remindme(buy)acartonofmilk.8.Giorgiohopes(attend)collegeintheUnitedStates.9.Iremember(hear)himsaythathelovescoconutcreampie.10.Remember(lock)thedoorwhenyouleave.WorkedSol