2023學(xué)年完整公開課版定語從句

TheAttributiveClause

定語從句

Whatistheattribute(定語)?1.Heisan

honestboy.(形容詞）2.Thefalling/fallenleavesareflyinginthesky.(現(xiàn)在/過去分詞）3.What’syourtelephonenumber?（名詞）4.Theboysontheplaygroundareplayingbasketballs.（介詞短語）

修飾名詞和代詞的成分，作定語的除了形容詞外，還有代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語等。Keywords:定語:abeautifulflower美麗的花atall

boy一位高個(gè)男孩beautifultallmyteacherthreeboysclothesshop

服裝店thestudentsinclass上課的學(xué)生們

Thepositionsoftheattribute:

（定語的位置）1.Thisisaflowerbasket.2.Thisisabasketfullofflowers.（單個(gè)的詞作定語時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的前面，前置定語短語作定語時(shí)要放于被修飾詞的后面，后置定語）看下列句子，是什么作定語呢？

1.Aplaneisamachine

thatcanfly.(從句）飛機(jī)是會(huì)飛的機(jī)器。2.Theforeigner

whovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（從句）昨天參觀我們學(xué)校的外賓來自加拿大。3.Thisisabasket

thatIwanttoputflowersin.（從句）這就是我要放花的籃子。Sheistheone

that

youneverforget.她就是你念念不忘的那個(gè)女孩呀ShemustbethereasonwhyGodmadeagirl.她詮釋了上帝為何會(huì)創(chuàng)造女孩Shewinsineverything

thatshemightdo.

她在她能做的一切事情上力爭成功Hehasasonwhowantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeafootballplayer.Hewantstobeanactor.

一.定語從句的基本定義●在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句?！穸ㄕZ從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，跟在名詞或代詞后修飾該名詞或代詞。一.定語從句的基本定義▲位置：定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞之后?！ㄕZ從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句1.被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。2.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。

關(guān)系代詞：who,whom(作賓語成分）,whose,that,which

關(guān)系副詞：when（時(shí)間）,where（地點(diǎn)）,why（原因）Theboy

whoisreadingisTom.先行詞關(guān)系代詞Hospitalisaplace

whereadoctorworks.先行詞關(guān)系副詞.

定語--從--句修飾名詞或代詞的名詞\代詞關(guān)系詞具備有句子的基本成分先行詞關(guān)系詞的作用1.連接先行詞與從句；2.替代先行詞在從句中的位置；3.充當(dāng)從句的成分指代所做分是否可省略that人；物主語；賓語作賓語可省which物主語；賓語作賓語可省who人主語；賓語作賓語可省whom人賓語可省whose人；物定語不可省關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系副詞的用法指代所做成分是否可省略when時(shí)間狀語否where地點(diǎn)狀語否why原因狀語否三.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法和注意點(diǎn)三.1.關(guān)系代詞的基本用法先行詞在定從中作主語在定從中作賓語在定從中作定語人who、that（who、that、whom）whose物which、that（which、that）whose還有as關(guān)系詞及其意義指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewhere（=介詞+which）when(=介詞+which）why(=for+which）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞

起連詞作用，本身又作從句中的主語、賓語、表語或定語

即起連接作用，本身又在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…東西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那樣的，和…相同，正如)when(…的時(shí)候，修飾的時(shí)間名詞)where(…的地方修飾場(chǎng)所、方位等名詞)why(…原因；…理由)20

的定語從句that,which,who,whom,whose1)Thisisthefactorythatproducescars.(作主語,指物)2)Thegirlthatspoketomejustnowismyclassmate.(作主語，指人)3)Thefilm(that)wesawyesterdayisinteresting.(作賓語,指物)that既可指人也可指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語時(shí)常可省略。Thegirlwho/thatissittinginthechairisagoodsinger.Igotthenewsthat(which)mademeangryyesterday.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.Whereistheboywho/thatbrokethewindow?Luckilynoneofthepeoplewhom/thatIknowwerekilledintheearthquake.Theskirtwhich/thatMaryboughttwoyearsagoisold.Isthisthenovelthat/whichyouintroducedtome?which,關(guān)系代詞,指物,在從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可省.Footballisagamethat/whichislikedbymostboys.Thefilmthat/whichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.26Thisistheboy.Heplaysbasketballverywell.

2.Thisistheboy.Heoftenasksmequestions.

Thisistheboywhooftenasksmequestions.Thisistheboywhoplaysbasketballverywell.

who關(guān)系代詞,指人,在從句中作主語.271.Thisistheboy.Ioftenhelphim.Thisistheboy(whom)Ioftenhelp.2.Themanisourheadmaster.Youmethimjustnow.Themanisourheadmaster(whom)youmetjustnow.whom關(guān)系代詞,指人,在從句中作賓語,可省.28Doyouknowthegirl?Herfatherismayor.Doyouknowthegirlwhosefatherismayor.2.Iusedtoworkinanoffice.Itswindowfacesnorth.Iusedtoworkinanofficewhosewindowfacesnorth.293.Iworkinaschool.Itsstudentsareexcellent.Iworkinaschoolwhosestudentsareexcellent.whose,關(guān)系代詞,指物/人,在從句中作定語.1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.whosewhosewhoseWhose在引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，用作定語指人時(shí)：=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n指物時(shí)：=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n▲關(guān)系代詞that和which▲在定語從句中，that和which

常?？梢曰Q，但是下列情況只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which；當(dāng)然作賓語時(shí)可以省略?？键c(diǎn)1：that與which1.先行詞（從句所修飾的詞）被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),只能用that引導(dǎo)從句.1）Thisisthemost

interestingstory

(that)Ihaveeverheard.2）Thefirstmeeting

(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行詞是all,something,nothing,anything，everything,little,few，much,none,any,some等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that.1)Hereissomething

(that)Iwilltellyou.我有事要告訴你。2)Notall

thatglitters（閃爍）isgold.發(fā)光的并非都是金子。3）Wehaven’tgotmuch

(that)wecanofferyou.

3.先行詞既有人也有物時(shí),只能用that引出從句1)Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures

(that)Isaw.我清楚地記得我看到的人和照片。2)Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschools

(that)theyhadvisited.4.先行詞被all,every,any,no,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,last,just

等修飾，用that1）Arethereanyquestions

that

troubleyoumuch?還有你感到非常麻煩的問題嗎？2）Theonlything

(that)

shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞who或which時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that1）Whichisthebike(that)youlost?2）Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?6.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作tobe

表語時(shí),先行詞無論指人還是物，關(guān)系詞用that。

1）Tomisn’ttheboy

that

heusedtobe.湯姆不再是過去的老樣子了。2）Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe上海不再時(shí)往昔的上海了。7.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that

Thereisabookonthedesk(that)I’mveryinterestedin.桌子上有本我非常感興趣的書。8.句子中含有兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，其中一個(gè)詞已用which,為了避免重復(fù)，一般情況，另一個(gè)宜用thatTheysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory

whichproducesthings

thatcouldcausepollution.他們悄悄建了一個(gè)小工廠，生產(chǎn)可能造成污染的產(chǎn)品。▲宜用which而不用that的情況:1.當(dāng)引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句時(shí)。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.足球，一項(xiàng)非常有趣的運(yùn)動(dòng)，在全世界得到普及。2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.這就是他曾經(jīng)住過的房子。3.當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)。Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.你告訴他的事情就是我們想知道的。▲用who,而不用that的情況：1.先行詞是one(s),anyone,someone,noone,none,all,those,nobody,anybody等指人的不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who1)ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.2)One

whohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.3)All

whohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.所有研究這個(gè)問題的人都得出了同樣的結(jié)論。2.在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who1）Thereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.2）Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.44

whenwherewhy關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語,不能省略。when

指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，它的先行詞為time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的時(shí)間。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時(shí)代。Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputer.IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.46

1.I’llneverforgettheday.Theearthquakehappenedontheday.

I’llneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.2.I’llneverforgetthedays.Westudiedtogetherduringthedays.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。它的先行詞通常為place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.請(qǐng)把書放在容易找到的地方。481.Thisisthevillage.Iwasborninit.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.2.Thisistheshop.Ibuybreadinit.ThisistheshopwhereIbuybread.Attentionwhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句還可以修飾表示抽象空間概念的名詞，如case(情況或事例),point(地步或點(diǎn)),degree（程度),situation(情形或處境),position(位置),stage(階段或場(chǎng)景)…Whataresomesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情形下身體語言是唯一的溝通方式？why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，亦可用“介詞for+which”替代。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?你能告訴我你沒參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？51Givemeonegoodreason.Ishouldhelpyouforthereason.GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.2.Hetoldmethereason.Hedidn’tcometoschoolforthereason.Hetoldmethereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschool.3.關(guān)系副詞when,where和關(guān)系代詞that,which的區(qū)分。同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用where，有時(shí)使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用when，有時(shí)使用that/which。這主要看兩點(diǎn)：一：先行詞在從句中所作成分；二：是定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是否是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)都用when,where,why，若先行詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是作主語或賓語，就必須用which或that。1.Thisisthepark(that)wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.2.Shewon’tforgetthedays(that)shespentontheisland.Shewon’tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

which在定語從句中作賓語when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.57I’llneverforgetthedays.Ispentthedayswithsomeforeignstudents.

I’llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentwithsomeforeignstudents.581.Thisistheshop.Itsellsbread.Thisistheshopwhichsellsbread.2.Thisisthefarm.Itkeepsmanycows.Thisisthefarmwhichkeepsmanycows.3.Thisisthefarm.Ivisititeveryyear.Thisisthefarm（which

）Ivisiteveryyear.59

Thereasonisnottrue.Hegaveusthe

reason.Thereason(which)hegaveusisnottrue.歸納：關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)先行詞在從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語，when時(shí)間狀語，why原因狀語)。which,thatorwhere/when/why1.Thisisthemuseum_______mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地點(diǎn)狀語)Thisisthemuseum

_________wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主語）wherewhich2.July1,1921wastheday________our

Party

was

founded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作狀語）

July1,1921wastheday

__________wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作賓語）whenwhich3.Irememberthedays_________Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometown

during

the

days

作狀語）

Irememberthedays

__________Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith..the

days作賓語）whenwhich4.The

house_______________we’regoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)

The

house_________________usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(the

houseusedtobeatemple)

The

house_________heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtolivein

the

house)(which/that)which/thatwhere5.Abookstoreisaplace_________youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_________booksaresold.(booksaresoldin

the

place)Abookstoreisaplace_____________sellbooks.(the

placesellsbooks)wherewhich/thatwhere6.Ican’tfindthecard_______Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddresson

thecard)Ican’tfindthecard_____________Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox__________heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_______________heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthe

box)wherewhereonwhich(that/which)way

作先行詞時(shí)關(guān)系詞的使用Ireallydon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalkswithhisparents.Doittheway

Ishowedyou.

先行詞theway

inwhichthat×

reason

作先行詞時(shí)關(guān)系詞的使用先行詞thereason

for

whichwhythat

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

for

which

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

why

hedidit.

I’mnotclearaboutthereason

that

hedidit.【特別提示】：關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與先行詞保持一致。如：1.Those

who

areagainsttheplanputupyourhands.2.Tomisoneofthestudents

who

werepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.3.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudents

who

waspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Heisoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoareB.whomis C.whois D.whomare

Heistheonlyoneofthoseworkers_________abletodothisjob.

A.whoare B.whomis C.whois D.whomare

定語從句解題方法:關(guān)系詞的選擇1.先看先行詞，確定人或物2.

分析定語從句中的句子成分3.

確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱和數(shù)4.注意that和which的特殊情況用合適的關(guān)系詞完成句子：1.Theboys________areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.Thegirls________theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.3.Theman__________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.4.Footballisagame________islikedbymostboys.5.Thefilm_______theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.whowhom/whowhom/whowhich/thatwhich/that6.Whereistheman___________Isawthismorning?7.Ioncelivedinthehouse_________roofhasfallenin.8.Theclassroom_______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.9.Istillremembertheday________Ifirstcametothisschool.10.Thehouse________Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.11.Pleasetellmethereason_________youmissedtheplane.that/whom/whowhosewhosewhenwherewhy12.Thisisthemostexpensivecellphone________Ihaveused.13.Thebuilding_________standsneartheriverisourschool.

14.Isthereashoparound_________Ican’tgetaparkofcigarettes?15.Menciuswasagreatthinker_______believedpeopleweremoreimportantthanrulers.thatwhichwherewhoTheattributiveclause

Preposition+which/that介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.用法

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí),從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)2.結(jié)構(gòu)

先行詞是人用

“介詞+whom”

先行詞是物用“介詞+which”e.g.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.

Thegirlaboutwhomwearetalkingisadoctor.我們正在談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)女孩是個(gè)醫(yī)生。他曾經(jīng)上學(xué)的學(xué)校非常著名。知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)圖：“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”⑴先行詞是⑵選介詞介詞+whom介詞+which人物①介詞與先行詞的關(guān)系

②從句謂語動(dòng)詞或形容

詞的固定搭配

③整個(gè)句子表達(dá)的意義

介詞+關(guān)系代詞介詞+關(guān)系代詞:介詞的選擇根據(jù)先行詞來確定介詞Hewillneverforgetthedayonwhichhefailedintheexam.ontheday在那天

1949wastheyearinwhich

theP.R.C.wasfounded.

foundinthisyear2.根據(jù)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞或形容詞固定搭配確定HeisthepersonfromwhomIlearnalot.learnfromsb.向某人學(xué)習(xí)Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.Thisisthecar______whichIcan’tgotowork.foroninwithoutThisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.Thisisthecar____whichwetalked.Thisisthecar____whichthewindowwasbroken.byataboutof

Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomswithwhich

I’mnotfamiliar.

befamiliarwith對(duì)…熟悉3.根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的句意確定介詞

Air,withoutwhichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.…withoutair…ThisisthevillageinwhichIstayedlastnight.IwillneverforgetthefarmonwhichIworkedwithyou.inthevillage在鄉(xiāng)村onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)TheWestLake,forwhichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.ThemanwithwhomIshookhandsjustnowisateacher.befamousfor因…..而聞名shakehandswithsb.與某人握手Thepen,withwhichheiswritingnow,wasboughtyesterday.Thisismypairofglasses,withoutwhichIcannotseeclearly.…withpen……withoutglasses…介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.有些含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開,介詞仍放在后面,如:lookfor,lookafter,lookforwardto,takecareof等e.g.Thebabywhomthenurseislookingafterisveryhealthy.

注意：2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有不定代詞(some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等),數(shù)詞,百分?jǐn)?shù),或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾。Shehastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.

注意：3.若先行詞為時(shí)間名詞、地點(diǎn)名詞或reason,“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”可用相關(guān)的關(guān)系副詞when,where,why替換e.g.Beijingisthecity________________

hehaslivedmanyyears.

注意：inwhich=(where)4.whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句,關(guān)系代詞whose可替換為“the+名詞+of+which/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名詞”e.g.注意：Iliveinthehousewhoseroofisred.=theroofofwhichisred.=ofwhichtheroofisred.

Thewinterholidaythatwehavelookedforwardtoforalongtimeiscoming.Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.Ihavemanyfriends,thetallestofwhomisLee.Thereason________________hewaslateisn’tclear.Iremembertheday________________Igoabroad.onwhich=(when)forwhich=(why)Iknowaboywhosefatherisadoctor.=thefatherofwhomisadoctor.=ofwhomthefatherisadoctor.Thebook__________Iheardwaswritten20yearsago.Thepeople__________themanspokeweren’tlistening.Thefilm__________Ifellasleepwasveryboring.ofwhichtowhominwhichThepen__________shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.Thelittlecreature__________scientistsareinterestedisknownasET.Thegun__________hewasshotwasneverfound.withwhichinwhichbywhich根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系1.DuZheisthemagazine________whichIwritearticles.2.1949wastheyear____whichtheP.R.Cwasfounded.forin3.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms______whichI’mnotsure.about根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配4.Waterisveryimportantforus________whichwecan’tlive.

5.Thespeed______whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.without根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的句意確定介詞at1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.withwhominwhich3.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?5.Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhichonwhichwhich1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCAB4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that6.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomBCDmoreexerciseHebuiltatelescope___hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byitDoyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhichIhaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthemCDBTheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichChinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhichThisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhichACD1.

(2013?浙江卷)Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhat B.allofwhichC.allofthem D.allofwhom2.

(2013?重慶卷)Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof______arefamilymembers.

A.themB.thatC.whichD.whomDD4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,____NewYorkisanexample.

A.forwhich

B.inwhich

C.ofwhich

D.fromwhich5.Pleasepassmethedictionary______isblack.

A. B.whichcover

C.ofwhichthecover

D.itscover3.(2013?北京卷)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.A.when B.which C.whose D.where=inwhichcoverofwhich

=thecoverofwhichDCC

Thefarm

weworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.Heistheman

youcanturnforhelp.Thisisthetree

weusedtoplaygames.onwhichtowhomunderwhichonthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)turntosb.forhelp向某人求助underthetree在樹下非限制定語從句Non-DefiningAttributiveClauseIlikethegirlwhoismakingapose.修飾限制，譯為“的”Ilikethegirl,

whoismakingapose.補(bǔ)充說明，譯成并列句Wealladmirethemanwhowearsthewhitesuit.不能去掉Iadmiretheman,

whowearsabigsmile.能去掉Thisisthebestnovel

thatIhaveeverread.先行詞是名詞或代詞The

novel,whichIreadlastnight,isveryinteresting.Thenovelisveryinteresting,whichmademeveryglad.

先行項(xiàng)可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是句子Xi’anisaverybeautifulcity(which)Ivisitedlastyear.Xi’an,whichIvisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.關(guān)系詞不可省略China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.

2.HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesn’tlike.3.His

mother,wholoveshimverymuch,

isstrictwithhim.

4.ZhangJike,whomeveryonelikesverymuch,isoneofthebestathletesinourclass.5.Angles,

whose

nativelanguage

is

German,

can

readandwrite

in

several

foreignlanguages.6.Theplay,whosestyleisinformal,ispopularwiththeyoungpeople.7.TheywenttoLondon,wheretheylivedforsixmonths.8.HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.9.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.

非限制性定語從句中的關(guān)系詞指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因

who,whom,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞××非限制性定語從句中的關(guān)系詞在非限定性定語從句中，不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that。要用forwhich代替why.Ihadtoldthemthereason,forwhichI

didn’tattendthemeeting.

我已經(jīng)把理由告訴了他們，為此我沒有去開會(huì)。①指代人who,

whom,

Then

he

met

Mary，who（充當(dāng)主語）

invited

him

to

a

party.Peter,

whom（充當(dāng)賓語）

you

met

in

London,

is

now

back

in

Paris.②which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句：關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語、其他從句或整個(gè)主句。These

apple

trees，which

I

planted

three

years

ago，have

not

borne

any

fruit.(指代主句中的名詞)She

is

always

careless，which

we

should

not

be.（指代主句中的形容詞）She

is

an

artist，which

surprisedmealot.(指代整個(gè)句子)③所屬關(guān)系whose,

of

whichCharlieChaplin,whose（ofwhom）childhoodwashard,beganactingatthe

ageoffive.④指地點(diǎn)

where

They

went

to

London，where(地點(diǎn)狀語)

they

lived

for

six

months.⑤指時(shí)間when

He

will

put

off

the

picnic

until

May

1st,

when

he

will

be

free.⑥指原因forwhichHewaslateforclass,forwhichhewas

punishedbyhisEnglishteacher.⑦“名詞/代詞+of+which

/

whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

Light

is

the

fast

thing

in

the

world,

the

speed

of

which

is

300.000

kilometers

per

second.⑧as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句as引出非限定性定語從句時(shí)，代替整個(gè)主句，對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明。但通常用于像as

we

all

know,；as

is

know

to

all,as

is

said

above；asis

always

mentioned

above,

as

is

usual；as

is

often

the

case,

asisreportedinthenewspaperShakespeareisafamouswriter,asweallknow.

眾所周知，莎士比亞是一位著名的做偶家。當(dāng)與such或the

same連用時(shí),一般用asSuch

books

as

you

tell

me

are

interesting.I

have

the

same

plan

as

you.

8.Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink.=(Asmanypeoplethink,spidersarenotinsects.)as(譯為__________)引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的位置比較靈活,可位于所修飾的句子之后,句中或句首;而由which(譯為________________)引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句一般不位于句首。

“正如……”“這”或“這件事”133Football,________isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Myfather,_______isaphysicsteacher,worksinthisschool.whichwhoTheDifferences限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上意義上作用上不用逗號(hào)用逗號(hào)去掉后句意不完整去掉后，句意完整修飾限制只可修飾先行詞補(bǔ)充說明可修飾先行詞或主句譯為“…的”可譯為并列句翻譯時(shí)關(guān)系詞作賓語時(shí)可以省略不可省略且不能用that,why引導(dǎo)

1.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_____wasbeyondhiswildestdream.(2007上海)A.whichB.that C.whereD.it2.ShewillflytoWashington,_________shecanenjoyherself.A.whereB.thatC.whichD./1.CharlesSmith,_____wasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.2.AfterthewarhewenttotheAmerica,_____