昆明理工大學2021年翻譯碩士英語考研真題

昆明理工大學2021年[翻譯碩士英語]考研真題PartⅠ VocabularyandStructure (1x30=30points)Inthissection,therearethirtyincompletesentences.ForeachsentencefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Decidewhichofthealternativesbestcompletesthesentence.WritetheappropriateletterontheANSWERSHEET.1.BecausethecostoflivingintheUnitedStatesisveryhigh,

________

studentsshouldbeadvisedtobudgettheirfinancialresourceswithgreatcare.perspective B.prosperous C.prospective D.protective2.Whentotaltaxesare________frompersonalincome,theremainderiscalleddisposableincome.A.distracted B.detracted C.contracted D.subtracted3.________

shouldweseektemporaryeconomicdevelopmentattheexpenseoftheenvironmentandresources.A.Underanycircumstancesnot B.NotunderacircumstanceC.Undernocircumstances D.Nocircumstance4.Wewantourchildrentohavemorethanjobskills;wewanttheirlivestobe________andtheirperspectivestobebroadened.A.envisagedB.excelledC.exceededD.enriched5.InEastfield,theconductorofthetown’sorchestraisavery________citizen,evenmorerenownedthanthemayororthepolicechief.A.dictatorial B.prominent C.fastidious D.rebellious6.Inthe1860’s,authorLeoTolstoywas________withhisfamilyintheTularegionofRussia;whilecomfortablyestablishedthere,hewroteWarandPeace.A.ensconced B.circumscribed C.avowed D.coerced7.HeenteredtheUnitedStatesin1988asa________residentbecauseofhismarriagetoaU.S.citizen.A.perpetual B.migrant C.registeredD.permanent8.Caught

________guard

bytheinvasion,SovietleaderJosephStalininstructedtheRussianpeopleto“scorchtheearth”infrontoftheGermaninvaders.A.in B.on C.under D.off9.Justasareaderskimsquicklyovertheindividualwordsonpage,sowe________seeatreeexactlyandcompletelywithregardtoitsleaves,branches,color,shape.A.scarcely B.ironically C.logically D.legally10.When________animalsareremovedfromtheirwildhabitatsandkeptaspets,thepetownersarelikelytoincurinjuries.A.feral B.vivacious C.docile D.benign11.Allthefinishedproductsarestoredina________ofthedeliveryportandshippingisavailableatanytime.A.garage B.cabinet C.capsule D.warehouse12.Arthurmadethe________decisiontodrinkplentyofwaterattheverybeginningofthedaylonghike,andthuswasabletoavoiddehydration.A.crepuscular B.irrevocable C.ponderous D.canny13.Ifyoudon’tsortoutthepapersonyourdeskonaregularbasis,theyjustkeepon________.A.accusing B.accumulating C.activating D.depositing14.Itwasalsoahighlydesirablepoliticalend.________,itgavetheEnglishadoorintoFrance.A.However B.Whichever C.Whereas D.Furthermore15.Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally_______oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

A.reflections B.demonstrations C.illuminations D.reproductions

16.Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual_______manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.A.retains B.gains C.achieves D.acquires17.Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey________toviolenceinordertoescape.A.proceed B.appeal C.resort D.incline18.Maryonce_______withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.A.merged B.collaborated C.coincided D.constituted19.Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe_______oflessons.A.observation B.investigation C.inspection D.examination20.Amembershipcardauthorizes________theclub’sfacilitiesforaperiodof12months.A.theholderusing B.theholder’suse C.theholdertouse D.theholderuses21.Mr.Changpraisedthe________ofSylvia’shistorytermpaper,commendingherforhertrenchantanalysisaswellasherdiligence.A.abhorrence B.effusiveness C.divergence D.perspicacity22.Thoughherparents__________hermusicalability,Jerrilou'spianoplayingisreallyterrible.A.pourscornon B.heappraiseuponC.giveventto D.castlightupon23.Somechildrendisplayan__________curiosityabouteverynewthingtheyencounter.A.incredible B.infectious C.incompatible D.inaccessible24.Manyofthescientistsandengineersarejudged__________howgreattheirachievementsare.A.inspiteof B.inwaysof C.infavorof D.intermsof25.Thedirectionswereso_______thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.A.ingenious B.ambitious C.notorious D.ambiguous26.Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost________areasinJapaneselife.A.sophisticated B.competitive C.considerate D.superficial27.Ifwe_______ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.

A.diffuse B.diminish C.terminate D.preclude

28.Thisisanidealsiteforauniversity________itisfarfromthedowntownarea.A.providedthat B.nowthat C.sothat D.inthat29.Althoughitwashisfirstexperienceaschairman,he________overthemeetingwithgreatskill.A.presided B.administered C.mastered D.executed30.Amost________argumentaboutwhoshouldgoandfetchthebreadfromthekitchenwasgoingonwhenIcamein.A.trivial B.delicate C.minor D.miniature

PartIIReadingComprehension(40points)SectionA:Inthissection,therearethreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.YoushoulddecideontheBESTchoiceforeachquestionorunfinishedstatementandthenwritetheappropriateletterontheANSWERSHEET.(2x15=30points)Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage1Thesedays,nobodyneedstocook.Familiesgrazeonhigh-cholesteroltake-awaysandmicrowavedready-meals.Cookingisanoccasionalhobbyandavehicleforcelebritychefs.Whichmakesitoddthatthekitchenhasbecometheheartofthemodernhouse:whatthegreathallwastothemedievalcastle,thekitchenistothe21st-centuryhome.

Themoneyspentonkitchenshasrisenwiththeirstatus.InAmericathekitchenmarketisnowworth$170billion,fivetimesthecountry’sfilmindustry.IntheyeartoAugust2007,IKEA,aSwedishfurniturechain,soldoveronemillionkitchensworldwide.Theaveragebudgetfora“major”kitchenoverhaulin2006,calculatesRemodelingmagazine,wasastaggering$54,000;evena“minor”improvementcostonaverage$18,000.

Exclusivity,morefamiliarintheworldofhighfashion,hasreachedthekitchen:Robinson&Cornish,aBritishmanufacturerofcustom-madekitchens,offersaGeorgian-styleonewhichwouldcost￡145,000-155,000—excludingbuilding,plumbingandelectricalwork.Itsbigsellingpointisthatnobodyelsewillhaveit:“Youwon’tseethiskitchenanywhereelseintheworld.”

Theelevationoftheroomthatoncebelongedonlytotheservantstothatofdesignshowcaseforthemodernfamilytellsthestoryofacenturyofsocialchange.Rightintotheearly20thcentury,kitchensweresmoky,noisyplaces,generallylocatedunderground,ortothebackofthehouse,andasfarfromlivingspaceaspossible.Thatwasasitshouldbe:kitchenswereforservants,andtheaspiringmiddleclasseswantednothingtodowiththem.

Butastheworkingclassesprosperedandtheservantshortagesetin,housekeepingbecameamatterofinteresttotheeducatedclasses.OneofthepioneersofaradicalnewwayofthinkingaboutthekitchenwasCatharineEstherBeecher,sisterofHarrietBeecherStowe.InAmericanWoman’sHome,publishedin1869,theBeechersistersrecommendedascientificapproachtohouseholdmanagement,designedtoenhancetheefficiencyofawoman’sworkandpromoteorder.

ManycontemporaryideasaboutkitchendesigncanbetracedbacktoanotherAmerican,ChristineFrederick,whosetaboutenhancingtheefficiencyofthehousewife.Her1919work,HouseholdEngineering:ScientificManagementintheHome,wasbasedondetailedobservationofahousewife’sdailyroutine.Sheborrowedtheprincipleofefficiencyonthefactoryfloorandappliedittodomestictasksonthekitchenfloor.

Frederick’scentralidea,that“stove,sinkandkitchentablemustbeplacedinsucharelationthatuselessstepsareavoidedentirely”,inspiredthefirstfullyfittedkitchen,designedinthe1920sbyMargareteSchütter-Lihotsky.Itwasamodernisttriumph,andmanyelementsremaincentralfeaturesoftoday’skitchen.1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthekitchenoftoday?A.Itiswherehousewivesdisplaytheircookingskills.B.Itisregardedasthecenterofamodernhome.C.Ithasbecomesomethingoddinamodernhouse.D.Itiswherethefamilyentertainsimportantguests.2.WhydoestheGeorgian-stylekitchensellataveryhighprice?A.Noduplicateistobefoundinanyotherplace.B.Noothermanufacturercanproduceanythinglikeit.C.ItismanufacturedbyafamousBritishcompany.D.Itisbelievedtohavetremendousartisticvalue.3.Whatdoesthechangeinthestatusofthekitchenreflect?A.Improvedlivingconditions.B.Women’selevatedstatus.C.Socialchange.D.Technologicalprogress.4.WhatwastheBeechersisters’ideaofakitchen?A.Aplacetoexperimentwithnewideas.B.Aplacewherehightechnologycouldbeapplied.C.Aplaceofinteresttotheeducatedpeople.D.Aplacewherewomencouldworkmoreefficiently.5.Whatdowelearnabouttoday’skitchen?A.Itrepresentstherapidtechnologicaladvanceinpeople’sdailylife.B.Ithasbeentransformedbeyondrecognition.C.Manyofitscentralfeaturesarenodifferentfromthoseofthe1920s.D.Manyofitsfunctionshavechangedgreatly.Questions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage2Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplation,butafactofEurope'sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.‘Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,‘I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.6.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause.A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualismB.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierageC.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstabilityD.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture7.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.8.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare.A.warmandlighthearted B.oneithersideofmarriageC.negativeandgloomy D.healthyandwealthy9.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat.A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedomB.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEuropeC.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonelyD.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.D)Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Passage3Moreandmore,theoperationsofourbusinesses,governments,andfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapsubstantialrewards.Evenworse,anumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment.

It’seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetected,thecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers.

Ofcourse,wehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccident,notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmaybeenthevictimsofuncommonlybadluck.

Forexample,acertainkeypunchoperatorcomplainedofhavingtostayovertimetopunchextracards.Investigationrevealedthattheextracardsshewasbeingaskedtopunchwerefordishonesttransactions.Inanothercase,dissatisfiedemployeesofthethieftippedoffthecompanythatwasbeingrobbed.

Unlikeotherlawbreakers,whomustleavethecountry,commitsuicide,orgotojail,computercriminalssometimesescapepunishment,demandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooften,theirdemandshavebeenmet.

Why?Becausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggledthemostconfidentialrecordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany’sexecutives,aaccountant,andsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere.

11.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.

A.itisstillimpossibletodetectcomputercrimestoday

B.computercrimesarethemostseriousproblemintheoperationoffinancialinstitutions

C.computercriminalscanescapepunishmentbecausetheycan’tbedetected

D.peoplecommitcomputercrimesattherequesttheircompany

12.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat________.

A.manymorecomputercrimesgoundetectedthanarediscovered

B.therapidincreaseofcomputercrimesisatroublesomeproblem

C.mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheircrimes

D.mostcomputercriminalsaresmartenoughtocoveruptheirbadluck

13.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?

A.Astrictlawagainstcomputercrimesmustbeenforced.

B.Companiesneedtoimposerestrictionsonconfidentialinformation.

C.Companieswillguardagainstcomputercrimestoprotecttheirreputation.

D.Companiesusuallyhesitatetouncovercomputercrimes.

14.Whatmayhappentocomputercriminalsoncetheyarecaught?

A.Withabadreputationtheycanhardlyfindanotherjob.

B.Theywillbedeniedaccesstoconfidentialrecords.

C.Theymaywalkawayandeasilyfindanotherjob.

D.Theymustleavethecountryorgotojail.

15.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A.whycomputercrimesaredifficulttodetectbysystematicinspections

B.whycomputercriminalsareoftenabletoescapepunishment

C.howcomputercriminalsmanagetogetgoodrecommendationfromtheirformeremployers

D.whycomputercrimescan’tbeeliminatedSectionB:Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsfollowed.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(2x5=10points)IonceknewadognamedNewtonwhohadauniquesenseofhumour.WheneverItossedoutaFrisbeeforhimtochase,he’dtakeoffinhotpursuitbutthenseemtolosetrackofit.Movingbackandforthonlyayardoftwofromthetoy,Newtonwouldlookallaround,evenupintothetrees.Heseemedgenuinelypuzzled.Finally,I’dgiveupandheadintothefieldtohelphimout.ButnosoonerwouldIgetwithin10ft.OfhimthanhewouldruninvariablystraightovertotheFrisbee,grabitandstartrunninglikemad,lookingoverhisshoulderwithwhatlookedsuspiciouslylikeagrin.Justabouteverypetownerhasastorylikethisandiseagertoshareitwithanyonewhowilllisten.Onveryshortnotice,TIMEreporterscamupwith25storiesaboutwhateachisconvincedisthesmartestpetintheworld.Amongthem:thecatwhoclosesthedoorbehindhimwhenhegoesintothebathroom;thecatwhousesatoiletinsteadofalitterbox...andflushesitafterward;thedogwhogoeswildwhenheseeshisownerputtingonbluejeansinsteadof