初中英語(yǔ)中考易混易錯(cuò)同義詞辨析大全

PAGEPAGE2初中英語(yǔ)易混易錯(cuò)同義詞辨析大全clothes,cloth,clothingclothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞clothing服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleofincident,accidentincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.amount,numberamount后接不可數(shù)名詞，number后接可數(shù)名詞anumberofstudentsfamily,house,homehome家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員.Myfamilyisahappyone.sound,voice,noisesound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.photo,picture,drawingphoto用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫Let’sgoandseeagoodpicture.vocabulary,wordvocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞Hehasalargevocabulary.population,peoplepopulation人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人Chinahasalargepopulation.weather,climateweather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.road,street,path,wayroad具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.

11.course,subjectcourse課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學(xué)科）asummercoursecustom,habitcustom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接todo，habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接ofdoing.I’vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.cause,reasoncause指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用來(lái)解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglateexercise,exercises,practiceexercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉（不可數(shù)），exercises練習(xí)（可數(shù)），practice（反復(fù)做的）練習(xí)Practicemakesperfect.class,lesson作"課"解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson.指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class.lesson6;class516.speech,talk,lecturespeech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō)，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課aseriesoflectureon…officer,officialofficer部隊(duì)的軍官，official政府官員anarmyofficerwork,job二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù)agoodjobcouple,paircouple主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西apairoftrousers20.country,nation,state,land

country側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國(guó)土，國(guó)家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.cook,cookercook廚師，cooker廚具Heisagoodcook.damage,damagesdamage不可數(shù)名詞,損害，損失;damages復(fù)數(shù)形式,賠償金$900damagespolice,policemanpolice警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman指某個(gè)具體的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.24.problem,question

problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為thinkabout,solve,raise，question常和疑問(wèn)連系，多和ask,answer連用man,amanman人類，aman一個(gè)男人Manwillconquernature.65.many,much,alotofmany和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，alotof可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句Ihaven’tmanybooks.66.muchmore…than,manymore…thanmuchmore…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，manymore…than后接可數(shù)名詞manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful67.no,notno=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater68.nomorethan,notmorethannomorethan相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超過(guò)69.majority,mostmajority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可themajorityofpeople70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneselfbyoneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，foroneself為自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的，自動(dòng)的Thedooropenedofitself.71.atall,afterallatall根本，全然,afterall到底，畢竟Afterallheisachild.72.tall,hightall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體Heistall.73.fast,quicklyfast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly74.high,highlyhigh具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof75.healthy,healthfulhealthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise76.sleeping,asleep,sleepysleeping正在睡覺(jué)，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy困的，有睡意的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I’msleepy.77.gold,goldengold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用goldfishagoldring78.most,mostlymost用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，mostly大部分,是副詞mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…79.just,veryjust表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語(yǔ)，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語(yǔ)theveryman,justtheman80.wide,broadwide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broadshoulders81.real,truereal真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合realgold,atruestory82.respectful,respectablerespectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged83.outwards,outward二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward還可用作形容詞anoutwardvoyage84.pleasant,pleased,pleasingpleasant常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased,pleasing常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased主語(yǔ)常為人，pleasing主語(yǔ)常為物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.85.understanding,understandableunderstanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable可理解的，能夠懂的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake86.close,closelyclose接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地closelyconnected,standclose87.ill,sickill做表語(yǔ)，sick定，表均可asickboy88.good,wellgood形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞Heiswellagain.89.quiet,silent,stillquiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still完全不動(dòng)，完全無(wú)聲響Hestandtherestill.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說(shuō)話。90.hard,hardlyhard努力，hardly幾乎不workhardIcanhardlybelieveit.91.able,capable

able與不定式todo連用，capable與of連用Heiscapableofdoing…

92.almost,nearly

二者均為"幾乎,差不多"和否定詞連用用almostalmostnobody

93.late,lately

late遲，晚，lately最近，近來(lái)Ihaven’tseenhimlately.

94.living,alive,live,lively

living,alive,live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語(yǔ)后置，live只能做定語(yǔ)，lively意為活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive

95.excited,exciting

excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的I’mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.

96.deep,deeply

deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep

97.aloud,loud

aloud出聲地，loud大聲地readaloud(出聲地讀)

98.worth,worthy

二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone

Itisworthvisiting.=It’sworthytobevisited.=It’sworthyofbeingvisited.

99.bad,badly

bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need,want,require連用為"很，非常"gobadIneedthebookbadly.

100.beforelong,longbefore

beforelong不久以后，longbefore很久以前notlongbefore=beforelong

101.quite,rather

quite完全地，相當(dāng)于completely,rather修飾比較級(jí)quiteimpossible

102.happy,glad

happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語(yǔ)ahappygirl

103.instead,insteadof

instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，insteadof是介詞短語(yǔ)，放在句中Hedidn’tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.

104.toomuch,muchtoo

toomuch后接不可數(shù)名詞，muchtoo后接形容詞muchtooheavy

105.beaboutto,begoingto,betodo

beaboutto表最近的將來(lái)，后面不接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，begoingto側(cè)重打算，想法，betodo側(cè)重意志，計(jì)劃，安排I’mtomeethim.(含雙方事先約好的意思)

106.raise,rise

raise及物動(dòng)詞，rise不及物動(dòng)詞Thesunrisesintheeast.

107.bring,take,carry,fetch

bring拿來(lái)，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作fetchaboxofchalk

108.spend,take,pay,cost

spend人做主語(yǔ)，花錢，花時(shí)間;spend…onsth./indoingsth;take物做主語(yǔ)，花時(shí)間;pay人做主語(yǔ)，花錢，payfor;cost物做主語(yǔ)，花錢

109.join,joinin,takepartin

join加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；joinin參加小型的活動(dòng),joinsb.in；takepartin參加大型的活動(dòng)Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.

110.learn,study

learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，研究

studytheproblem

111.want,hope,wish

want打算，想要，wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望（通?？梢詫?shí)現(xiàn)），hopetodo/hopethat…wish希望（通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn)）wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.

112.discover,invent,findout

discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來(lái)存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來(lái)不存在的物體，findout發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth.

113.answer,reply

answer及物動(dòng)詞，reply不及物動(dòng)詞，后接toreplytotheletter

114.leave,leavefor

leave離開，leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.

115.rob,steal

rob搶劫robsb.ofsth.，steal偷stealsth.fromsb.

116.shoot,shootat

shoot射死，shootat瞄準(zhǔn)，但不一定射中Heshotthebirdanditdied.

117.drop,fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物動(dòng)詞Pricesfell/dropped.Hedroppedhisvoice.

118.search,searchfor

search后接地點(diǎn)，searchfor后接?xùn)|西Hesearchedhispocketformoney.

119.usedto,beusedto

usedto過(guò)去常常，beusedto習(xí)慣于，后接sth./doingsth.；被用來(lái)，后接dosth.Heisusedtogettingupearly.

120.win,lose,beat

win后接sth.，反義詞為lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem

121.liveon,liveby

liveon以…為主食，liveby靠…謀生liveonfish/livebyfishing

122.beat,hit,strike

beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸颍籬it打中，對(duì)準(zhǔn)打；strike打一下或若干下beatthewings

123.meet,meetwith

meet遇到，meetwith體驗(yàn)到，遭遇到meetwithanaccident

124.lose,miss

lose失去（具體的物體），錯(cuò)過(guò)sth.islost,losethechance；miss想念，錯(cuò)過(guò)sth.ismissing,missthechance

125.betiredof,betiredwith/from

betiredof厭煩…，betiredwith/from因?yàn)椤哿薭etiredwith/fromrunning800meters

126.careabout,carefor

careabout關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；carefor關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意Hedoesn’tcareabouthisclothes.Idon’tcareformovies.

127.catchacold,haveacold

catchacold不能和表示"一段時(shí)間"的狀語(yǔ)連用，而haveacold可以

Shehashadacoldforaweek.

128.changefor,changeinto

changefor調(diào)換成，changeinto變成Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.

129.continue,last

二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last只能用主動(dòng)Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.

130.feed,raise

feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng)(togivefoodto)，raise飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily

131.goforadoctor,gotoadoctor

goforadoctor去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生，gotoadoctor去看病

132.notice,observe,catchsightof

notice注意到，observe觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catchsightof突然看到observethestars

133.insiston,stickto

insiston堅(jiān)持要求，后常接doing,stickto堅(jiān)持,后常接sth.sticktotheplan

134.look,seem,appear

look指從外表上看，seem指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear指給人以表面的印象appearwise,looklikehisfather

135.gather,collect

gather把分散的東西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集collectstamps

136.meantodo,meandoing

meantodo打算，想要做某事，meandoing意思是，意味著BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.

137.diefrom,dieof

diefrom表示死于（槍）傷，虛弱，過(guò)度勞累，飲食過(guò)度等，dieof表示死于疾病，饑餓，寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素dieofhungerandcold

138.payfor,payback,payoff

payfor為…付錢，payback還錢，但不一定還清，payoff還清payforthebook,payoffthedebt

139.divide,separate

divide把一個(gè)整體分成幾部分，separate把連在一起的個(gè)體分開dividetheapple,separatethehouses

140.arrive,get,reach

arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，后接in(大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get不及物動(dòng)詞后接to，reach及物動(dòng)詞arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing

141.grow,plant

grow使某種植物在某地生長(zhǎng)著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant移植，移栽已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)成秧苗的植物plantthetrees,treesaregrowing

142.manage,try

managetodo設(shè)法做成了某事，trytodo盡力去做某事但不一定成功Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.

143.choose,select

choose憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇choosethebestanswer

144.build,putup,setup,found

build一般用語(yǔ)，建成，putup臨時(shí)搭建，setup建成（內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全），found國(guó)家或組織的建成putupatent,setupaschool

145.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith

befamiliarto某物對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是熟悉的，befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物Thebookisfamiliartome.I’mfamiliarwiththebook.

146.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon

agreewith同意某人，agreeto同意某事，agreeon在…上達(dá)成一致意見，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)agreewithyou,agreetotheplan

147.throwto,throwat

throwto扔到…,throwat朝…扔Hethrowastoneatme.

148.receive,accept

receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn’tacceptit.

149.wear,puton,dress

wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress接人,bedressedin,puton表動(dòng)作It’scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.

150.listen,hear

listen強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.

151.look,see,watch

look看的動(dòng)作，see看的結(jié)果，watch強(qiáng)調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展watchTV

152.lie,lay

lie躺，位于(lay,lain),說(shuō)謊(lied,lied)，lay平放(laid,laid)laythebook

153.workas,actas

workas工作是…，actas充當(dāng)某種職務(wù)或身份，或扮演某種角色Heworksasateacher.Heactsasaninterpreter.

154.move,remove

move動(dòng)一動(dòng)，但不一定移走，remove從一處移到另一處removethetabletothekitchen

155.hurt,injure,wound

hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷Hewaswoundedinthewar.

156.turn,get,grow

turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強(qiáng)調(diào)變的結(jié)果，grow強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，逐漸的變化turnyellow,gettired,growbig

157.close,shut,turnoff

close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開合的物體，turnoff用于指有開關(guān)的物體Close/Shutthedoor.TurnofftheTV.

158.setout,setabout,setoff

指出發(fā)，著手解時(shí)，setout后接todo，setabout后接doing,setoff后接forsp.

159.begin,start

begin側(cè)重時(shí)間的開始，反義詞為end，start側(cè)重由靜到動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)折，反義詞為stopClassbeginsat7:30a.m.

160.happen,takeplace

happen偶然性的沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的事情的發(fā)生，takeplace必然性的發(fā)生Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.

161.at,in(表地點(diǎn))

at小地點(diǎn)，in大地點(diǎn)arriveatasmallvillage,arriveinShanghai

162.atwork,inwork

atwork在工作，在上班，inwork有職業(yè)，有工作Bothmyparentsareatwork.Theyarenotathome.

163.increaseto,increaseby

increaseto增長(zhǎng)到…，increaseby增長(zhǎng)了…Thenumberincreasedby2,000to5,000.

164.atease,withease

atease舒適地，安逸地；withease容易地，無(wú)困難地doitwithease

165.dayafterday,daybyday

dayafterday日復(fù)一日（無(wú)變化）；daybyday一天天地（有變化）Treesgrowtallerdaybyday.

166.like,as

like相似關(guān)系，但并不等同，as同一關(guān)系，兩者實(shí)為一體Don’ttreatmeasachild.(Infact,I’machild.)

167.after,in(表時(shí)間)

after接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in接時(shí)間段after7:00,infiveminutes

168.between,among

between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間,among三者或三者以上之間

SwitzerlandliesbetweenFrance,Germany,AustraliaandItaly.

169.after,behind(表位置)

after強(qiáng)調(diào)次序的先后，behind強(qiáng)調(diào)物體靜態(tài)位置的前后Therearemanytreesbehindthehouse.

170.since,for(完成時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

since接點(diǎn)時(shí)間或一句話，for接一段時(shí)間forthreeyears,since3:00

171.onthecorner,inthecorner,atthecorner

onthecorner物體表面的角上，inthecorner物體內(nèi)部的角落里，atthecorner物體外部的角落上（拐角處）onthecornerofthetable

172.warnsb.of,warnsb.against

warnsb.of提醒某人注意某事，warnsb.against提醒某人不要做某事warmhimagainstswimminginthatpartoftheriver

173.atpeace,inpeace

atpeace平靜地，inpeace和平地liveinpeacewithone’sneighbors

174.onearth,ontheearth,intheearth

onearth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點(diǎn)也不，ontheearth在地上，在地球上，intheearth在地下，在泥土里nouseonearth

175.insurprise,toone’ssurprise,bysurprise

insurprise驚奇地，toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是，bysurprise使…驚慌Thequestiontooktheprofessorbysurprise.

176.intheair,ontheair,inthesky

intheair正在醞釀中，ontheair播送，廣播，inthesky在天空中Hisshowisontheairat6:00tonight.

177.inthefield,onthefield

inthefield在野外，onthefield在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上Helosthislifeonthefield.

178.inthemarket,onthemarket

inthemarket表示場(chǎng)所或地點(diǎn)，在市場(chǎng)上，onthemarket出售Hesellsfishinthemarket.Freshvegetablesareonthemarketnow.

179.inthesun,underthesun

inthesun在陽(yáng)光下，underthesun地球上，全世界peopleunderthesun

180.inavoice,withonevoice

inavoice出聲地，withonevoice異口同聲地Theyrefusedwithonevoice.

181.through,across

through穿越空間，across在…上穿過(guò)throughtheforest,acrossthedesert

182.ontheway,intheway

ontheway在前往…的路上，intheway擋路Thechairisintheway.

183.above,on,over

above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方flyoverthehill

184.until,not…until

until到…為止，not…until直到…才（常跟點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用）Iwaiteduntil3:00.Hedidn’tcomeuntil3:00.

185.besides,except,exceptfor

besides除了…還（包括在內(nèi)）except除了（不包括在內(nèi)），exceptfor整體…除了某一點(diǎn)以外Thecompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.

186.weather,if

當(dāng)是否解時(shí)，只有在賓語(yǔ)從句中二者可以互換，其余都用weather，當(dāng)如果解時(shí)用ifIdon’tknowif/whetherhewillcome.Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.

187.and,or

and并且，or或者，否則，常用于否定句中Idon’tlikeapplesorbananas.

Hurryupandyou’llcatchthebus.Hurryuporyou’llmissthebus.

188.because,since,as,for

原因由強(qiáng)到弱為：because,since/as,for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because…2)Since/as…,…3)…,for…SinceIwasill,Ididn’tgo.

189.when,as,while(表時(shí)間)

when從句動(dòng)