2012-2021北京高一（上）期末英語匯編：科教類閱讀

2012-2021北京高一（上）期末英語匯編

科教類閱讀

一.閱讀理解（共14小題）

1.（2018北京?豐臺高一期末）

FishyWeatherConditions

Lajamanu,Australia,isadrylittletown

Howdocloudsmakefishy.Thesimpleansweristhattheydon*t.Thereisaparticularweatherphenomenon（現(xiàn)象）

calledawaterspout.Awaterspoutisjustlikeatornado,onlyitformsaboveoceans,orrivers.Likeatornado,a

waterspoutmovesinacircleathighspeeds.Whenitmovesabovethewater,aswellasfrogsorothersmallplantsoranimals.

Scientistscouldn'tworkitoutatfirst.Tomakemattersstrangerstill,thefishinHonduraswereverymuchalivewhen

theyraineddowntotheground,buttheywereallblind.InEnglandandAustralia,andnonewereblind.Itwasdifficultto

puzzleout,buttheblindfishgavethemaplacetostart.

Scientistsknewthatsomefishthatlivedindeep,undergroundcaveswithnolightsourcesoftenlosttheireyesight.So

whenblindfishraineddownonHonduras,scientistsbegantoconnectsomedots.Clearly

Ithasrainedfishoneverycontinent,andeachtime，peoplehavetriedinvariouswaystoexplainthisstrange

phenomenon.Historically,leavingthefishonthecitystreets.Noscientisthadactuallyseentherainasitoccurred,only

thefishleftontheground.Butin1990

Thishugebreakthroughwasn*tjustaspotofgoodluck.Itchangedthousandsofyearsofmythsandlegendsintotruestories

andprovidedscientificexplanationsfbrhowfishcametoliveindeepcaves.Itexplainedancientcavepaintingsandshed

newlightonhowspecieshavespreadovertime.Itturnedouttobealotmorethanjustalittlefishyweather.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,awaterspout.

A.canmakeanimalsblind

B.isdifficulttocatchonfilm

C.cancarryitemswithit

D.isadangerousseacreature

（2）Theblindfishmadethescientistsstarttothinkthat.

A.rainingfishwasawarningofnaturaldisasters

B.animalschangedtomatchtheirenvironments

C.theweathersystemdifferedfromplacetoplace

D.thewaterspouttheoryseemedmorepossible

（3）FromPara.5and6,wecanlearn.

A.howspeciesintheareachangedovertime

B.theimportanceoffindingthetruthbehindtheevent

C.thatthediscoveryclearedupmanydifferentscientifictheories

D.howtheunderstandingofwaterspoutsaffectedotherareasofscience

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(4)TheunderlinedsentenceinlastPara,probablysuggeststhat.

A.waterspoutscametobeacenterofscientificresearch

B.thescientistswerefortunatetohavemadetheirdiscoveries

C.hardworkwentintodetenniningthecausefortherainingfish

D.thescientistsreliedheavilyonunusualeventstodrivetheirstudies

(5)Theauthorwritesthepassageto.

A.describethemagicphenomenon

B.explainwhatcausedthefishyweather

C.persuadepeopletoprotecttheenvironment

D.encouragepeopletodoscientificresearch

2.(2015北京?東城高一期末)Familytrip

Mostkidshatetoseetheirsummerend,perhapsnonemorethantheMursetchildren.Thissummer,theMursetfamily

decidedtotravelacrossthecountrytohelpfamiliesinneed

People,comreportedthatGreggMursetandhiswife,Kami,decidedtotaketheirsixchildren,fromtheirhomeinPhoenix,

Arizona,"GreggMurset,40,nhesaid,"butwhenwestartedtoreadthestoriesofpeopleweweregoingtohelp

ThroughGregg'scompany,hewasabletobematchedwithgroupssuchasAutismSpeaks,theLeukemia&Lymphoma

Society

"Whenyouhaveakidwhoisstruggling,thelastthingyou'rethinkingofiscleaningthehouse,"saysGregg.

Thefamilytraveledtomanycitiesintheirjourney,includingAlbuquerque,Denver,Chicago,andBuffalo.Thetrip

covered6,nhesaid."Eventhelittlekidsarelearningfromthisexperience."

Andthefamiliesthey'vehelpedfeelblessedtohavemetthem."Theyshowedupat8a.m.andwehadalistofthingswe

neededhelpwith,"saidJimSpencer,a61DyearZoldfatherinWarren,whose12匚yearHolddaughter,Lexi(診斷)

withcanceracoupleofyearsago.

TheMursetsalsousedtheirtravelsasanopportunitytovisitareastheyhadneverbeento,includingtheStatueofLiberty.But

forGregg,themainpurposeofthetripwastoteachhischildrentoshowconcernforthehappinessofotherpeopleratherthan

forthemselves.

“Thereisnothingwrongwithyourkidgettingoffthesofa,doingsomeworkandsweating,"saidGregg."It'sgoodforthe

kidandit*sgoodforthesoul.”

45.HowdidthekidsfeelwhenGreggMursetfirsttoldthefamilyabouthisplan?

A.Amazed.

B.Excited.

C.Disappointed.

D.Worried.

46.Whatdidthefamilymainlydoduringtheirtrip?

A.Theytouredplacesofinterest.

B.Theyvisitedpatientsinhospital.

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C.Theyworkedwithsocialgroups.

D.Theyhelpedfamiliesinneedofhelp.

47.Duringthetrip,Greggmostwantedhiskidsto.

A.increasephysicalexercise

B.gainmoregeographyknowledge

C.learntobeconcernedaboutothers

D.improvetheircommunicationskills.

3.（2012北京?東城高——期末）Inhighschool,GeorgeLucasdidn'tdomuchworkbecausehespentallhistimedreaming

aboutracingcars.

Justafewdaysbeforegraduation,GeorgewasdrivinghomefromthelibraryinhisFiat；hepreparedforaleftturnbylooking

intheminor.Butashestartedtheturn,ablowinghorn（竦!|a1）,andthespeedingChevyhitthedriversideofhiscar.The

littleFiatturnedoverfourorfivetimesbeforeitwasstoppedbyabigtree.Luckily,buthisrecoverywasslowandheneeded

monthsofphysicaltreatment.Hewouldneverbeabletoraceearsnow.

TheaccidentreallychangedGeorge'slife.Hedecidedtheremustbesomereasonhesurvived,andmadeuphismindtoget

hisacttogetherandmakesomethingoutofhislife.Hedecidedtogotouniversityanddevelopedaninterestinreadingand

writing.Hegotonquitewellinhisstudies.Hedidn*tquiteforgetaboutracingcars.Atthattimeinsteadofdrivingrace

cars,hebeganfilmingthem.

YoumayhaveseenoneorallofGeorgeLucas*smostfamousfilmsfromtheStarWarsseriesortheIndianaJonestrilogy.Not

onlyhasGeorgeproducedmovies,butalsohehashelpedinventanddevelopnewtechnologiestomodernizethemovie

industry.Today,Lucas,isoneoftheAmericanfilmindustry*smostsuccessfuldirectorsandproducers.

50.WhatwasGeorgeLucas'slifelikeinhighschool?

A.Hewasthebestraceeardriver.

B.Hedidverywellinhisschoolsubjects.

C.Hedidn'tspendmuchtimeonhisstudies.

D.Hewasoneoftheworststudentsinschool.

51.Wecanlearnfromthispassagethat.

A.George'sFiatwasnotseriouslydamaged

B.theChevydriverdidn'tbreakthetrafficlaw

C.Georgewasseriouslyinjuredintheaccident

D.theChevydriverwasn'tinjuredintheaccident

52.ThegreatnessofGeorgeLucasmainlyliesinhis.

A.earningagreatdealofmoney

B.directingseveralfamousmovies

C.makingmoviesaboutracingcars

D.makingthefilmindustrymoremodem.

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4.（20184匕京?西城高——期末）Ifyoueverhavethedesiretobreakoutintosongintheshower,inthecar,maybeat

your

neighbor'skaraokenightyoushouldembraceitwholeHheartedly.Thisancientartnotonlymakesyoufeelgood,itcan

alsoimproveyourwell匚being,reduceyourfeelingsofpain,andevenextendyourlife.

Usingyourvoicetosing,ratherthansimplycarryoutaconversation,offersuniquebenefitsbecausesingingaffectsour

bodies.Also,studieslinksingingwithalowerheartratedecreasedbloodpressureandreducedstressaccordingtoPatricia

Preston□Roberts

Singing,particularlyinagroup,seemstobenefittheelderlyparticularlywell.Aspartofathreeyearstudyexamining

howsingingaffectsthehealthofthosefifty匚fiveandolder,D.C.Theseniorsinvolvedinthechorus,aswellasseniors

intwoseparateartsgroupsaboutwritingandpaintingshowedsignificanthealthimprovementscomparedtothoseinthecontrol

groups（控制組），theartsgroupsreportedthirtyfewerdoctors*visits,fewereyesightproblems，andlessneedfbr

medication.

EvenleadresearcherDr.geneD.CohendirectoroftheCenteronagingatGeorgeWashingtonUniversity,was

surprisedathowbiganeffecttheseniors'artsparticipationhadontheirhealth.Cohensaid,Theaverageageofallthe

subjectswaseightyThisishigherthanlifeexpectancy.So,onewouldordinarilyexpecttoseelessdecline（下降）

comparedtothecontrolgroupThefactthattherewassomuchimprovementinmanyareaswasthesurprisingfactor.The

seniorsalsonoticedhealthimprovementsandtheyreportedfeelingbetterbothindailylifeandwhilesinging.

Thepartofthebrainthatworkswithspeechisdifferentfromthepartthatprocessesmusic."Peopleseemtoenjoydoing

somethingjointlywithotherpeople.Therearealotoffactsthatbeingsociallyinvolvedisgoodforpeoplewithdementia

（老年癡呆）Ballardsaid.

Theartsareshowingupasatreatmenttoolinhospitalsacrossthecountry.Ifyouarethinkingofvolunteering,singing

atahospitalmaybeagoodchoicenotonlyfbrthepatients,butalsofbryourself.

（1）Inthefirstparagraphtheauthor.

A.expressesadesirefbrsinging

B.offerssomeadviceonsinging

C.putsforwardhispointofview

D.statestheimportanceofhealth

（2）WhywasCohensurprisedattheresultsofthestudy?

A.Thestudywasnotexpensiveasexpected.

B.Artsactedasatreatmenttoolinhospitals.

C.Peopleshealthintheartsgroupimprovedgreatly.

D.Theseniorsthemselvesnoticedhealthimprovements.

（3）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsarts?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Negative.

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D.Worried.

(4)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Howtoavoidgettingdementia

B.HowSeniorsliveahealthylife

C.HowtoKeepOurBrainsHealthy

D.HowSingingImprovesYourHealth

5.(2021二I匕京?'懷柔高——期末)Eachyearthereisanincreasingnumberofcarsonroadsandstreetsasmillionsofnewcars

andtrucksareproduced.OneoutofeverysixAmericansworksatputtingtogetherthepartsofcars,drivingtrucks,building

roadsorfillingcarsandtruckswithgas.Americanswon'tlivewithoutcars!

MostAmericanswouldfindithardtothinkwhatlifewouldlooklikewithoutcars.However,somehaverealizedtheserious

problemsoftheairpollutionthatiscausedbythecar.Thepollutedairbecomespoisonousanddangeroustohealth.

OnewaytogetridofthepollutedairistobuildacarthatdoesnotpolIute.Thafswhatseveralofthelargecarfactorieshave

beentryingtodo.Buttobuildacleancariseasiersaidthandone.Progressinthisfieldhasbeenslow.

Anotherwayistotaketheplaceofthecarenginebysomethingelse.Inventorsarenowworkingonsteamcarsaswellas

electriccars.Manymakersbelievethatitwilltakeyearstodevelopapracticalmodelthatpleasesman.

Topreventtheworldfrombeingpollutedbycars,we'llhavetomakesomechangesinthewaymanyofuslive.Americans,

forexample

Butthischangedoesnotcomeeasily.Alargenumberofworkersmayfindthemselveswithoutjobsifacarfactorycloses

down.Thustheproblemofairpollutionwouldbecomelessimportantthanthatofunemployment.

Althoughcarshaveledustoabetterlife,theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems.

(1)Howmanywaystogetridofairpollutionaresuggestedinthisarticle?

A.Four.

B.Three.

C.Two.

D.One.

(2)Ifthenumberofcarsiscutdown,themostseriousproblemtoAmericanworkersis.

A.tohavenoworktodo

B.tokeeptheairclean

C.togetabetterlife

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D.togotoworkbybike

(3)Whatistheconclusion(結(jié)論)ofthewriter?

A.Bicyclingistheonlywayout.

B.Thenumberofcarsmustbecutdown.

C.Carsbringusnothingbutseriousproblems.

D.Carsbringusnotonlyabetterlifebutseriousproblems.

6.(2016北京?石景山高一期末)Bottledwaterhasbecomethechoiceforpeople.Bottledwaterisalloverthe

world.Butsomesaytheplanetshealth,andpeople'shealthmaybesufferingfromit.

Theideathatbottledwaterissaferforhumansmaynotbetrue.TheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilofAmericasaid,

"Thereisnopromisethatbecausewatercomesoutofabottle,itiscleanerorsaferthanwaterfromthetap."AnotherNew

YorkCity□basedActionGroupaddedthatsomebottledwateris"reallyjusttapwaterinabottle□sometimesmoreclean

Itisnotproventhatbottledwaterisbetterthantapwater.NickReevesfromtheCharteredInstitutionofWaterand

EnvironmentalManagementsaid,"Thehighmineralcontentofsomebottledwatermakesthemnotgoodforfeedingbabies

andyoungchildren.”Also,mostbottledwaterdoesn*thavefluoride(氟化物),andsomesaythat'sbehindtherecent

riseinbadteeth.

Storingisanotherproblem.Placednearheat,theplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicalsintothewater.

AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticisusedworldwidetobottlewatereach

year.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.

Intermsofenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.Onereportsaidthatifwaterandsoftdrinkbottlershadused10

percentrecycledmaterialsintheirplasticbottles,theywouldhavesavedabout72milliongallonsofgas.

So,ifyouareworriedabouttheeffectofbottledwaterontheEarth,youcantakethefollowingsteps.

?Drinkfromyourtap.Unlessyourgovernmentwarnsagainstthis,itshouldbefine.

?Getacontainer(容器).Carryyourtapwaterinasteeloralineddrinkingcontainer,andcleanitbetweenuses.

?Keepitcool.Don*tdrinkfromabottlethathasbeensittinginthesun,don*tstoreitnearchemicals,anddon'treuse

plasticbottles.

?Chooseglasscontainersoverplasticifpossible.Whenfinished,recycle!

(1)Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?

A.Drinkingtapwateristheonlychoiceforpeople.

B.Glasscontainersarebetterthanplasticbottles.

C.Bottledwatermaynotbeasgoodaswethink.

D.Plasticbottlesareharmfultotheenvironment.

(2)Whatcanwelearnaboutplasticbottlesfromthearticle?

A.Theybreakdowninlessthan300years.

B.Theycanbeusedformanyotherthings.

C.Theyarearisktotheenvironment.

D.Theyarecheaptomake.

(3)Accordingtothearticle,wecanknowthatbottledwateris.

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A.noproblemfortheenvironment

B.moreexpensivethantapwater

C.alwayssaferthantapwater

D.betterforbabies

(4)WhichofthefollowingabouttapwaterisNOTmentionedinthearticle?

A.Therearealotofproblemsstoringtapwater.

B.Bottledwatercanbejusttapwaterinabottle.

C.Itmaybebetterfbryourteeth.

D.Itmaycontainfluoride.

7.(2021北京?西城高一期末)Ifthereisoneplaceyoudon*twanttostickyourfinger,it'sthemouthofaPacific

lingcod.Thesefearsomefishhavearound500needleliketeethstickingoutofjaws(頜)thatarestrongenoughtocrush

crustaceans(甲殼動物).

Howlingcodmaintainthesharpnessoftheirterrifyingteethhaslongbeenapuzzle.Butastudy,publishedinNovemberin

theProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,claimsthatPacificlingcodkeeptheirteethsharpandshinybyreplacingaboutthree

percentofthemeveryday.Foralingcod

Inordertodeterminethefrequencyatwhichlingcodreplacetheirteeth,Ms.Cohen,acoauthorofthenewstudy(染料)

thatcoloredtheirteeth,thenreturnedtotheirregulartankfbr10days.Whenthe10dayswereup,whereasthenewteeth

wereonlygreen.

Aftercollectingandexaminingatotalof10,000teeth,thescientistswereabletodeterminehowquicklylingcodlostand

regrewtheirteethandwhichteethwerereplacedmostoften.

Lingcod,likemostfish,havetwosetsofjaws：oraljawsandpharyngealjaws.Theiroraljawsareusedtocatchfood

whiletheirpharyngealjaws,areusedtochewtheirfoodandmoveitfromtheirmouthstothestomach.Ms.CaiT,thelead

author,wheremostofthechewingandcrushingtakeplace.

Thewaylingcodreplacetheirteethislikelycrucialtotheirhuntingstrategy,saysKoryEvans,afishecologistatRice

UniversityinHouston.nThedulleralingcod'steethareshedteethandreplacethemisprettyimportant.*123Dr.Evanssaid,"In

ordertomakeitasalingcod,youneedsharppointyteethandallyourteethneedtobeonpoint/*

(1)WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Whatroleseawaterplayed.

B.Whatconclusionwasreached.

C.Howthestudywasconducted.

D.Howteethchangedtheircolors.

(2)Accordingtothepassage,lingcod^teetharereplaced.

A.every10days

B.tobetterhuntfbrfood

C.fasterintheoraljaw

D.withbiggerandsharperones

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"shed”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

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A.Repair.

B.Sharpen.

C.Lose.

D.Examine.

（4）Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofafish.

B.Tointroducethefindingsofanewstudy.

C.Tostresstheimportanceofreplacingteeth.

D.Tosuggestnewwaystoconductstudiesonfish.

8.（2020J匕京?西城高——期末）Attheheartofpsychologyisunderstandingbehavior,andunderstandingbehaviorhas

muchtodowithunderstandingthebrain.Neuroscientists（神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學家）havebecomemoreefficientatmappingthe

brainandhavegainedmoreunderstandingofhowthebraindevelopsandworks.Truly,aremostlikelyexplainedbythe

physicalstateofandchangesinourbrains.

Aroundtheageof12,itisbelievedthattheareasofthebrainthatareusedmostwillbestrengthenedandcellsinthebrain

thatarenotusedtendtodie.Whatyoudowithyourbraininyourteenyearsprobablydecideshowyourbrainwillworkfor

therestofyourlife.IfateenspendsendlesshourswatchingTV,theneuralconnectionsthathelpthebrainprocessTVare

whatwillbestrengthened.Itisclear,thathowyoungpeoplespendtheirtimeisofgreatimportance.

Surprisingly,anddifferentfromearlierbeliefs,thebrainisstilldevelopingevenintheearlytwenties.Areasofthebrain

thatarerelatedtoemotion,reasoning,andproblemsolvingarestillnotfullydeveloped.Thismaygosomewaytoward

explainingwhycaraccidentratesinyoungpeoplearesignificantlyhigherthanthoseamongolderpeople.Youngpeopledon't

havethenecessaryskillstomakecomplexjudgmentswhiledriving.

Therearealsodifferencesinthewaybrainsdevelopwhenitcomestogender.Itappearsthatgirlsarereadytoprocessmore

challenginginfbnnationearlierthanboys,withtheareaofthebrainresponsiblefbrthisactivitypeakingattheageof14to

16inboys,afulltwoyearslaterthangirls.Inaddition,whichmeansthattheyhavemorebrainmatterresponsiblefbr

languageskills.

Thiskindofresearchraisesimportantquestionsabouthowboysandgirlsshouldbetaughtinschooltomaximize（使最

大化）theirlearning.Forexample,theideaofsingledsexeducationshouldperhapsbetakenintoconsideration.Experts

saythatwewoulddowelltorevisitthetimingofthesubjectstaughtinschool,whatweunderstandabouttheteenagebrain

shouldperhapsbetakenintoconsiderationwhenlawsarebeingmadewithregardtotheminimum（最低的）drivingage.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,youngpeoplearemorelikelytohavecaraccidentsbecause.

A.theyfailtorealizetheimportanceofskills

B.theydon'thavethenecessaryskillsindriving

C.certainareasintheirbrainsarenotfullydeveloped

D.theirbrainstendtobeinfluencedbytheiremotions

（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Earlierbeliefsshowthebrainisstilldevelopingintheearlytwenties.

B.Girlsarebetteratlanguagebecausetheyaredevotedtolanguagelearning.

C.Howpeoplespendtheirtimewhenthey'reteenagersaffectstheirfuturelife.

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D.Gendermakesnodifferencewhenitcomestothephysicalstateofthebrain.

（3）Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.single□sexeducationmaybenefitteenagers

B.thetimewhenschoolstartsshouldbeputoff

C.lawmakerswilllowertheminimumdrivingage

D.thenumberofsubjectsinschoolmightbechanged

（4）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AgeandtheBrain

B.GendersandtheBrain

C.MappingtheBrain

D.TheDevelopingBrain

9.（2021北京?懷柔高一期末）Everyyear,1.5millionkidsaroundtheworlddieasaresultofnotgettingvaccines（疫

苗）.Thisispartlybecausetransporting（運送）

AnurudhGanesan,17,knowsthisfirsthand.WhenhewasababyinIndia,thevaccineswerenolongerusablebecause

theyhadbeenoverheated.

Vaccines,Anurudhlaterlearned,mustbekeptcooltostayeffective.Butrefrigerating（冷藏）（電）orice□valuable

thingsthatmanydevelopingcountrieslack（缺少）.

AlthoughAnurudhreceivedthevaccineheneededintheend,hisexperienceasababyandthesadrealitythatsomany

otherchildrenaren'tasluckymotivated（激發(fā)）himtotakeaction.ThehighschoolstudentinventedVaxxwagon（輕便的）

vaccine-carryingdevice（裝置）thatproducesitsownpowertokeeplifesavingmedicinescoolastheyYedeliveredto

remoteareasaroundtheworld.

AnurudhfirstgothisideaforVaxxwagonin2014.Hereadseveraltextbookstolearneverythinghecouldaboutrefrigeration,

andthenhedidresearchonlinetolearnmoreaboutvaccines.Ratherthandependingonelectricityorice,Anurudhworked

outawaytousewheelstopowerarefrigerationsystemforabouteighthours.Theentirerechargeable（可再充電的），acar,

orananimal.Eventually,buttheyofferedhimfundingtohelpbuildit.

Anurudhwasrewardedwiththe2015GoogleScienceFairLEGOEducationBuilderAwardforhisinvention.Anurudhsays

hisfinalgoalistostartsellingVaxxwagontorelieforganizations,soitcanbeusedtohelppeoplearoundtheworld.

Anurudh,whoplanstopursueengineeringdegreeincollege,says

（1）Whydomanychildrendieeveryyear?

A.Theylackexcellentmedicalteams.

B.Theycannotaffordusablemedicines.

C.Theydon'thaveanelectricitysystem.

D.Theyhavenochancetogetusablevaccines.

（2）WhatisspecialaboutVaxxwagon?

A.Itisadevicewithcoolingsystem.

B.Itcanproducesafevaccines.

C.Itcanfinddeadlydiseases.

D.Itcanbeameansoftransport.

9/22

(3)WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAnurudh?

A.Caringandcreative(有創(chuàng)造力).

B.Cleverbutlazy.

C.Detenninedandindependent.

D.HonestandhardDworking.

(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.A11roadsleadtoRome.

C.Motivation(動力)isthemotherofsuccess.

D.A11thingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

10.(2019北京?房山高一期末)

EmperorPenguins

Emperorpenguinsareconsideredthemostbeautifulandthelargestofallpenguins.Theyareamazingbirds.Theyare

goodsurvivors,excellentswimmersandgreatparents.Doyouknowwherewecanseethem?

Youareabsolutelyright!Antarctica.OnlyAntarctica!

AntarcticaisthecontinentwhichisthemostsouthernareaoflandontheEarthandismostlycoveredwithice.Itiscolder,

drierandwindierthananyotherplaceontheEarth.ThelowesttemperaturecanreachD89.2℃.Inordertosurvivethe

extremelytoughenvironment,emperorpenguinshavetocooperate.Theycrowdtogethertoprotectthemselvesfromthe

windandkeepwarm.Meanwhile,theytaketurnstomovetotherelativelywarminside.

Emperorpenguinsliveonadietwhichconsistsofdifferenttypesoffishandotherkindsofsealife.Tofindfood,these

birds,whichareunabletofly,andtheycanevendivetomorethan535metreswhennecessary.Theycanremainunder

waterforalmost18minutes,longerthananyotherkindofpenguin.

Emperorpenguinshaveaveryhardtimebringinguptheirbabies.Theyhavetogotogreatlengthstocarefortheirchildren.

Afterlayinganegg,thetiredfemaleemperorpenguinwillleavethefamilybehindtofeedatsea,whilethemaleisleftto

takecareoftheegg.Fortwomonths,whosedutyistokeeptheeggsafeandwarm,carrieshiseggaroundonhisfeetand

willgiveupeatinguntilthemotherreturns.Hedoesnotsitontheegglikemanyotherbirds,sometimesupto60D80

kilometresaway,shethrowsupsomeofthefoodforthechickandtakesthemale'splacetolookafterit.Thefatherthen

takeshisturntofeedatsea.Cooperativeparentingatitsfinest.

ByDecember,duringtheAntarcticsummer,whentheicebeginstobreakupandopenwaterappears,goodswimmers

andgreatparentsontheirown.Whatanamazingcycleitis!

(1)TheunderlinedwordMcooperate"inthethirdparagraphmeans.

A.worktogether

B.fightagainstcold

C.protectthemselves

D.movetowarmplaces

(2)Emperorpenguins.

A.feedononlycertaintypesoffish

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B.liveinthemostterribleweatherconditions

C.areamazingbirdsthatcanbothflyandswim

D.stayinwater18minuteslongerthanotherpenguins

（3）Fromthepassage,weknowthatemperorpenguinsare.

A.greatparentswhositoneggstokeepthemwann

B.themostbeautifulandthelargestbirdsintheworld

C.goodsurvivorsandtheymovetowarmplacesinwinter

D.excellentswimmersandtheycandivedeeperthanotherpenguins

（4）Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.thechicksbreakuptheeggshellsinsummer

B.anEmperorPenguinlaysseveraleggsatatime

C.themaleEmperorPenguinshatchtheeggsinwinter

D.thechicksarereadytoliveontheirownoneyearlater

emperorpenguins

inAntarctica

11.（2017北京?豐臺高一期末）Astudytriestofindoutwhethertakingnotesbyhandhelpsyoulearnbetterthantaking

notesonalaptop.ScientistsfromPrincetonUniversitycarriedoutexperimentson327students.Allstudentsgotthesa