高二英語人教版必修五講義UNIT1SECTIONⅤWRITING-勸說信

[技法指導(dǎo)]勸告信是指以信件的形式表達(dá)自己的觀點或立場，并期盼對方認(rèn)同或接受。其根本結(jié)構(gòu)：第一局部：引入。寫信人首先需要簡要說明寫信的主要目的。假設(shè)需要的話，也可以大致作一下自我介紹。其次局部：闡述。這是說服性信函的主體和核心局部。寫信人需要在這個局部有條理地列出自己的理由。理由要客觀、真實、有說服力，要重點突出、層次清晰。同時，要留意適當(dāng)提高語言的力度，發(fā)揮語言的功力，以便更好地呈現(xiàn)自己的立場。第三局部：總結(jié)?？梢杂蒙鷦拥恼Z言重申自己的核心觀點，或以情動人、引起共鳴，或升華延長、畫龍點睛。這局部應(yīng)當(dāng)留意語言的簡練和沖擊力，切忌冗雜拖拉的表達(dá)。黃金表達(dá)常用的開頭語1．Nowitismonlyheldthat...Theythink...ButIdoubtwhether...2．Thesedaysweareoftentoldthat...Butisthisreallythecase...3．Facedwith...,quiteafewpeoplearguethat...,butIconceiveitdifferently.4．Currentlythereisawidespreadconcernthat...5．Nowpeopleingrowingnumbersareingtorealisethat...主體局部常用表達(dá)1．Thereasonfor...isthat...2．Thereasonsfor...areasfollows.First,...Second,...Lastbutnotleast,...3．Ontheonehand,...;ontheotherhand,...4．Wemaytakeamonexampletoshow...5．Arecentstudysuggests/showsthat...6．Accordingtothestatisticsprovidedby...,itcanbeseenthat...7．Thereisgoodevidencetoshowthat...8．Noonecanignorethefactthat...常用的結(jié)束語1．Inshort,...2．Inconclusion,...3．AsfarasI’mconcerned,...4．Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove5．Takingall...thesefactorsintoconsideration,wemaysafely...6．...arriveat/eto/reachtheconclusionthat...[寫作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)][題目要求]假設(shè)你是高二同學(xué)李華，你的一個在外地讀書的同學(xué)張力給你寫信，向你訴說他最近由于身體不好而影響學(xué)習(xí)的狀況，并且坦言自己平常學(xué)習(xí)忙，很少熬煉。請依據(jù)這一狀況給張力寫一封勸告信，鼓舞他樂觀熬煉身體，從而為更好地學(xué)習(xí)打下根底。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，信的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．盡可能運用本單元所學(xué)的詞匯、句型和語法。DearZhangLi，Iamsorrytohearthatyouhavebeenillfordaysandhopeyouhavegotbetternow.Sincerelyyours，LiHua[三步作文法]第一步：搜尋單元詞匯1．全神貫注于 be_absorbed_in2．對……有好處 be_beneficial_to/do_good_to3．有助于 contribute_to4．得出結(jié)論 draw_a_conclusion5．提出 put_forward其次步：巧用單元語法和句型1．你學(xué)習(xí)如此投入以至于沒有時間熬煉了。①Youhavebeen_absorbed_instudy.Youhavehad_no_time_for_exercise.②Youhavebeen_so_absorbed_in_study_thatyouhavehad_no_time_for_exercise.(so...that)③So_absorbed_have_you_been_in_study_that_you_have_had_no_time_for_exercise.(so引起的倒裝句)2．你可能會認(rèn)為花費在熬煉方面的時間被鋪張了。①Thetimeis_spentonexercise.Youmaythinkthe_time_is_wasted.②Youmaythinkthatthetimespent_on_exercise_is_wasted.(過去分詞作定語)③Youmaythinkthatthetimewhich/that_is_spent_on_exercise_is_wasted.(定語從句)3．只有當(dāng)你有了強健的體魄時，才能不會感到任何的不舒適，從而連續(xù)你的學(xué)習(xí)。①Whenyouhave_a_strong_body,_youcankeep_on_studying.Youwon’tfeel_bad_or_ill.②Only_when_you_have_a_strong_body_can_you_keep_on_studying_without_feeling_bad_or_ill.(only引起的倒裝句；withoutdoingsth.)第三步：連接過渡成篇DearZhangLi，Iamsorrytohearthatyouhavebeenillfordaysandhopeyouhavegotbetternow.Youhavebeensoabsorbedinstudythatyouhavehadnotimeforexercise.Butitisreallyharmfultoyourhealth.Ifeelitwouldbemorebeneficialtoyourhealthifyoucouldtakemoreexerciseinfuture.Youmaydrawaconclusionthatthetimespentonexerciseiswasted.Infact,exercisecancontributetoyourhealthandrefreshyourmind.Afteroneortwohoursofexerciseyoucanstudybetter.Onlywhenyouhaveastrongbodycanyoukeeponstudyingwithoutfeelingbadorill.Otherwiseyourstudywillbeinterruptedfromtimetotimebysickness.Iamnotadvisingyoutodevoteallyourtimetoexercise.WhatIwanttosayisthatexerciseisasusefulandimportantasyourstudy.SoIputforwardasuggestionthatyoutakeatleastonehour’sexerciseeverydayfromnowon.Iwouldbemorethanhappytoseeyouhaveastrongerbody.Sincerelyyours，LiHuaⅠ.閱讀理解Withtheclickofamouseconsumerscanpurchasethegoodsandservicetheyneedatonlineshops.Whattheyhavetodoiswaitingforthegoodssenttotheirhomes.Weshallallbegratefultothepioneersofonlineshoppingforbringingussuchconvenience.MichaelAldrich(theU．K.)OnlineshoppingwasinventedandpioneeredbyMichaelAldrichintheU．K.In1979heconnectedatelevisionviaatelephonelinetoareal-timemulti-usertransaction(交易)processingputer.HesoldmainlyBusiness-to-Businesssystems.Therewereanumberofsignificantworldfirstswithnewapplicationsinseveralbusinessfields.JeffBezos(theU．S.A.)JeffBezosdefinedonlineshoppingandrewrotetherulesofmerce.TimBerners-LeeinventedtheWorldWideWebserverandbrowser(掃瞄器)in1990.In1994,JeffBezosreadanarticleabouthowtheWorldWideWebwasgrowingby2,300%ayear.Heknewhehadtotapintosuchagreatpotentialformerce.OnJuly6,1995,BezoslaunchedAmazon,whichoperatedoutofthegarageofhistwo-bedroomhomeinsuburbanSeattle,Washington.Withalmostnopublicity,salestookoffimmediately.Thepanyhasnowexpandedintodozensofproductcategories,forcingtheworld’sbiggestretailer(零售商)torethinktheirbusinessmodels,andfinallychangingthewaypeopleshop.JackMa(China)Asachild,JackMawasbadatmathbutfascinatedbyEnglish.HetraveledtotheUnitedStatesin1995asatranslatortohelpaChinesefirmrecoverpayment.Theattemptfailed.ButafriendinSeattleshowedMatheInternet,andanideabeganbrewing.In1999,Mr.Magathered17friendsandfoundedAlibabainhisapartmentinHangzhou.Alibaba’smodelwassimple:allowsmallandmedium-sizedChinesepaniestofindglobalbuyerstheywouldotherwiseonlybeabletomeetattradeshows.Itworksbrilliantly.Alibaba’ssalesarenowmorethanthoseofeBayandAmazonbined.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了對網(wǎng)上購物有深遠(yuǎn)影響的三位人物以及他們對電子商務(wù)的促進(jìn)作用。1．WhatmadeAmazonasuccess?A．Business-to-Businesssystems.B．TheWorldWideWebserverandbrowser.C．mercialpublicity.D．Helpfromretailers.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“TimBerners-LeeinventedtheWorldWideWebserverandbrowser(掃瞄器)in1990.〞及“Withalmostnopublicity,salestookoffimmediately.〞可知，亞馬遜公司依托互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開展迅猛。應(yīng)選B項。2．HowdidJackMahavetheideaoffoundingAlibaba?A．Atranslatorhelpedhim.B．AChinesefirminspiredhim.C．HewasintroducedtotheInternet.D．Hewasfundedbysomepanies.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“ButafriendinSeattleshowedMatheInternet,andanideabeganbrewing.〞可知，當(dāng)伴侶把互聯(lián)網(wǎng)介紹給馬云時，他開頭有了想法。應(yīng)選C項。3．Whatdothepioneershaveinmon?A．Theyhaveimprovedputers.B．Theyhavesoldgoodsworldwide.C．Theyhaveenlargedproductcategories.D．Theyhavecontributedtoonlineshopping.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)介紹的人物可知，他們都在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)背景下從事商業(yè)貿(mào)易活動，因此他們都對網(wǎng)上購物起到了推動作用。應(yīng)選D項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五__1__Movingfromhighschoolintocollegecanbeespeciallydifficultbecauseofthefreedomstudentsexperienceincollegealongwithanewsetofexpectations.Inhighschool,studentsusuallyliveathome,andtheirparentstakecareofalltheirphysicalneedssuchasfoodandhousing.__2__Parentsarealsotheretoofferhelpandmakesurethatthestudents’homeworkisdone.Duringtheschoolday,studentsrarelyhavefreetime.Theygodirectlyfromoneclasstoanother.Teachersarealwaysaroundtotellthestudentswhattodo.__3__Sostudentscanoftenpletetheirhomeworkandreadinginashorttime.__4__Theymayberesponsibleforshopping,payingbills,andlaundry.Theyalsomayhavetocooktheirownmeals.Theirparentsarenotaroundtohelpwithhomeworkoreventocheckifithasbeendone.Contrarytostudentsinhighschool,studentsincollegemayhavealotoffreetimebetweenclasses,butmustdisciplinethemselvestousethistimeproductivelyforhomeworkandotherassignments.__5__A．Studentsdonotusuallyhavetoshopfortheirfood,taketimetopaybills,orevendotheirownlaundry.B．Highschoolstudentshavetoburythemselvesinpilesofpapers.C．Finally,theworkitselfisnotsochallenging.D．Bycontrast,incollege,studentsoftenliveawayfromhomeindormsorapartments.E．Incollege,studentsmayapplytoabankloanandotherswilltrytofindpart-timejobs.F．Eachnewlevelofeducationbringsnewchallengesanddemandstostudents.G．Mostimportantly,collegerequiresahigherlevelofthinkingandalotmoreworkthanhighschool.語篇解讀：每一個新階段的教育都會給同學(xué)帶來新的挑戰(zhàn)和要求，本文具體介紹了高校和高中生活學(xué)習(xí)的不同之處。1．解析：選F設(shè)空處下一句中提到“Movingfromhighschoolintocollege〞和F項中的“Eachnewlevelofeducation〞吻合。應(yīng)選F項。2．解析：選A依據(jù)上文提到的“theirparentstakecareofalltheirphysicalneeds〞可知，此處應(yīng)是家長為孩子做的具體的事情，也就是孩子不需要做的事情。本段和第三段形成比照，所以也可以依據(jù)第三段中的“Theymayberesponsibleforshopping,payingbills,andlaundry.Theyalsomayhavetocooktheirownmeals.〞推斷出A項內(nèi)容與之相符。應(yīng)選A項。3．解析：選C依據(jù)上文“Teachersarealwaysaroundtotellthestudentswhattodo.〞和下文“Sostudentscanoftenpletetheirhomeworkandreadinginashorttime.〞可知，此處應(yīng)是描述同學(xué)的作業(yè)，而且是說作業(yè)并不是很難。這與C項(最終，作業(yè)本身并沒有太大的挑戰(zhàn)性)相符。應(yīng)選C項。4．解析：選DBycontrast這個短語起到了承上啟下的作用，且本段和其次段是明顯的比照關(guān)系，所以本段首句應(yīng)和其次段的首句形成鮮亮的比照，D項(與之比照，在高校，同學(xué)常常遠(yuǎn)離家，住在同學(xué)宿舍或公寓)符合語境。應(yīng)選D項。5．解析：選G上文描述了在高校和在高中的區(qū)分，G項中的“collegerequiresahigher...thanhighschool〞是兩者之間的比照，符合語境。應(yīng)選G項。Ⅲ.完形填空Doyougettoplaywithanyneattoysatschool?Asmoreandmoreschoolstakeadvantageofnew__1__tomakelearningeasier,youmaygetthechanceto__2__personalputers,laptopsormaybeevensmartphonesintheclassroom.__3__werenotalwaysaswell-equippedastheycanbetoday,though.Beforestudentshadpencilsandpaper,theyoftenusedslates(石板),whichwere__4__，handheldblackboardsthattheycouldwriteonwithchalk.Infact,theclassroomchalkboarddidn’t__5__untilthelate1800s.Itmusthavebeen__6__forteacherstobeabletowriteonalargesurfacethattheentireclasscouldseeatthesametime.Whilechalkboards__7__seemlikeathingofthepasttoday,theywerecutting-edge(最尖端的)technologyatonetime!Overtheyearsasnewtechnologies__8__，newitemswereslowlyaddedtoclassroomsas__9__figuredouthowtheycouldbeusedto__10__thelearningexperience.Copyingmachinesrevolutionizedclassrooms__11__theycamealonginthemid-1900s.Beingableto__12__studentscopiesoflessonsforhomeworkandstudyingexpandedtheclassroom__13__itswallsandtheusualschoolday.Theuseofaudiotapesandheadphonesintheclassroommadelearningforeignlanguages__14__.Theyalsohelpedstudentswithvisionorreading__15__，sincetheycouldnowlistentolessonsratherthan__16__them.Therearehundredsofother__17__ofeducationaltechnologyovertheyears.Inthepastcoupleofdecades,though,schoolshave__18__agreatincreaseintheuseofcutting-edge,moderntechnologyintheclassroom.Withtheinventionofthepersonalputer,educationgotagreat__19__.Whenyoufactorin(把……考慮在內(nèi))theInternet,moderneducationlooks__20__thanitdidwhenyourparentswereinschool.語篇解讀：從黑板、復(fù)印機到錄音磁帶和耳機，教學(xué)設(shè)備越來越現(xiàn)代化，計算機的創(chuàng)造使教育的開展往前邁進(jìn)了一大步。1．A.technology B．discoveryC．thought D．design解析：選A下文提到計算機、筆記本以及智能等，這些東西說明白新科學(xué)技術(shù)(technology)的開展。2．A.buy B．borrowC．repair D．use解析：選D依據(jù)第三段中的“newitemswereslowlyaddedtoclassrooms〞可知，同學(xué)在教室里可以使用(use)計算機等科技設(shè)備。3．A.Cinemas B．ClubsC．Classrooms D．Theatres解析：選C聯(lián)系上文中的“intheclassroom〞可推知，此處指過去教室(Classrooms)的配套設(shè)施不像現(xiàn)在這樣好。4．A.heavy B．smallC．valuable D．cheap解析：選B結(jié)合下文介紹的教學(xué)用大黑板的好處可以推知，過去同學(xué)用來寫字的石板很小(small)。5．A.giveup B．workonC．turnback D．eout解析：選D本段表達(dá)教室設(shè)備的變化。由此可以推知，教學(xué)用大黑板直到十九世紀(jì)晚期才消失(eout)。6．A.difficult B．interestingC．nice D．lucky解析：選C在大一些的黑板上寫字當(dāng)然是不錯的(nice)。7．A.certainly B．hardlyC．finally D．suddenly解析：選A由上文從手握黑板到大黑板的變化可推知，黑板在今日當(dāng)然(certainly)看起來已經(jīng)是過去的事物了，但它們曾經(jīng)是最尖端的科技。8．A.stopped B．a(chǎn)rrivedC．a(chǎn)ppeared D．developed解析：選D依據(jù)句中的“newitemswereslowlyaddedtoclassrooms〞可推知，此處指新科技的開展(develop)。9．A.workers B．educatorsC．visitors D．doctors解析：選B文章表達(dá)教室設(shè)備的開展變化，故此處指教育者(educators)。10．A.improve B．enjoyC．a(chǎn)ccept D．suffer解析：選A聯(lián)系教室增加新設(shè)備的目的可知，此處指教育者弄清晰了怎么樣能夠使用這些設(shè)備改善(improve)學(xué)習(xí)體驗。11．A.before B．untilC．when D．so解析：選C二十世紀(jì)中期復(fù)印機一消失就使得教室發(fā)生了革命性的變化，故此處用when。12．A.pass B．giveC．lend D．introduce解析：選B有了復(fù)印機以后，老師就可以給(give)同學(xué)布置書面的家庭作業(yè)。13．A.between B．a(chǎn)longC．through D．beyond解析：選D依據(jù)空前的homework和expanded等信息可知，這么做超越(beyond)了教室的墻壁和學(xué)校的上課時間。14．A.easier B．furtherC．slower D．longer解析：選A本文表達(dá)科技給教育和學(xué)習(xí)帶來的好處，故錄音磁帶和耳機使外語學(xué)習(xí)更簡單(easier)。15．A.questions B．experiencesC．problems D．contests解析：選C結(jié)合下文中的“theycouldnowlistentolessons〞可知，此處指視力或閱讀問題(problems)。question常用來指需要答復(fù)和解釋的問題，故A項不符合語境。16．A.write B．speakC．read D．tell解析：選C上文提到有閱讀障礙的同學(xué)，所以此處指他們可以聽，而不是閱讀(read)。17．A.experiments B．examplesC．results D．inventions解析：選B作者上文列舉了黑板、復(fù)印機和耳機等應(yīng)用于教育上的設(shè)備。此處指還有其他例子(examples)，作者的目的是說明科技的變化對教育的影響。18．A.seen B．lostC．a(chǎn)voided D．kept解析：選A在過去幾十年里，學(xué)校見證了教室里越來越多地使用尖端的現(xiàn)代化技術(shù)，故此處應(yīng)用see。19．A.increase B．measureC．movement D．improvement解析：選D個人電腦的創(chuàng)造使教育有了很大的開展和改善。improvement“改善〞。20．A.similar B．differentC．backward D．important解析：選B聯(lián)系互聯(lián)網(wǎng)以及科學(xué)技術(shù)的開展可知，現(xiàn)代教育看起來與過去父輩在校那個年月不同(different)了。Ⅳ.語法填空Thequestionwasonceaskedofa__1__(success)businessman,“Howhaveyoudonesomuchinyourlifetime？〞Hereplied,“Ihavedreamed.Ihaveturnedmymindloose__2__(imagine)whatIwantedtodo.ThenIwenttobedand__3__(think)aboutmydreams.InthenightIdreamedaboutmydreams.AndwhenIawokeinthemorning,Isawthewaytomakemydreamsreal.〞Whileotherpeopleweresaying,“Youcan’tdothat,anditis__4__(possible)．〞Iwaswellonmywayto__5sWoodrowWilson,the28thPresidentof__6__U．S.,said，“Wegrowgreatbydreams.〞Allbigmenaredreamers.Someofusletthesedreamsdie,__7__othersprotectthemandtakecare__8__themthroughbaddaysuntiltheybringthemtothesunshineandlightwhichalwaysestothosewho__9__(sincere)hopethattheirdreamswilletrue.Soplease,don’tletanyonestealyourdreams,ortrytotellyoutheyaretoounrealistic.“Singyour__10__(song),anddreamyourdreams,hopeyourhopeandprayyourprayer.〞語篇解讀：作者敘述一個人要想勝利必需要有幻想，不管有多困難，不管別人說什么，自己必需要堅持，只有堅持幻想的人才能實現(xiàn)自己的幻想。1．successful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：曾經(jīng)有一位勝利的商人被問了這樣的問題：“你怎么一生有這么多的成就？〞此處修飾名詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞，故填successful。2．toimagine考查非謂語動詞。句意：他答復(fù)道：“我幻想過。我會放松思想來想一下我想做什么。然后我就上床考慮我的幻想。〞依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，該空應(yīng)是動詞不定式表示目的，故填toimagine。3．thought考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意見上一題解析。依據(jù)設(shè)空前的并列連詞and可知，此處和前面的wenttobed應(yīng)是并列謂語，所以要用一般過去時，故填thought。4．impossible考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：雖然其他人說：“你做不到，這是不行能的〞，但是我卻在實現(xiàn)幻想的路上。依據(jù)“Youcan’tdothat〞可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是表示否認(rèn)的意思，也就是要用possible的反義詞，故填impossible。5．a(chǎn)chieving考查非謂語動詞。句意見上一題解析。onone’swayto為固定短語，意為“在某人去……的路上〞，其中to是介詞，后面的動詞應(yīng)是動名詞，故填achieving。6．the考查冠詞。句意：正如第28任總統(tǒng)伍德羅·威爾遜說的那樣：“我們因幻想而宏大。〞一般名稱構(gòu)成的專出名詞前面應(yīng)用定冠詞the，即theUnitedStates＝theU．S.，故填the。7．but/while考查連詞。空格前是說讓幻想消逝，后面是說愛護(hù)幻想，所以兩個分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折或比照關(guān)系，故填表示轉(zhuǎn)折或比照的并列連詞but或while。8．of考查固定短語。takecareof為固定短語，意為“照看；照看〞，故填of。9．sincerely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾定語從句中的謂語動詞hope，應(yīng)用副詞。故填sincerely。10．songs考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：唱你自己的歌，做屬于你自己的夢，期盼你所盼望的，祈求你所祈禱的。song是可數(shù)名詞。Ⅴ.短文改錯It’snoteasyforustoacceptthefactwhichwearegoingtoleaveourbelovedschool.However,wearelookedforwardtoourfuturelife.Lastnight,myfriendsandIwalkaroundourschool,talkingaboutthefunnythingsthathadbeenhappenedinthepastthreeyears.Suddenly,Icameacrossanidea.Isaidtohimweshouldmakeadealthatwecouldgettogetherherefouryearslate.Myfriendsweresoexcitingaboutit,andtheyagreedwithme.IstartedtothinkaboutwhatIwouldbeeinthefuture.Imaybeingateacher,oradoctor.Ithinkdealwillhelpuskeepintouchtoeachother.答案：第一句：which→that其次句：looked→looking第三句：walk→walked;去掉been第五句：him→them;late→later第六句：exciting→excited第八句：being→bee第九句：在deal前加the;to→with單元質(zhì)量檢測(一)(時間：100分鐘總分值：120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。ATheNobelPrizeWinnersinLiteratureRabindranathTagore(1913)Prizemotivation:“becauseofhisprofoundlysensitive,freshandbeautifulverse(詩歌),bywhich,withconsummateskill,hehasmadehispoeticthought,expressedinhisownEnglishwords,apartoftheliteratureoftheWest〞WilliamFaulkner(1949)Prizemotivation:“forhispowerfulandartisticallyuniquecontributiontothemodernAmericannovel〞SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill(1953)Prizemotivation:“forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescriptionaswellasforbrilliantoratory(演說才能)indefendingexaltedhumanvalues〞ErnestMillerHemingway(1954)Prizemotivation:“forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea,andfortheinfluencethathehasexertedoncontemporarystyle〞JohnSteinbeck(1962)Prizemotivation:“forhisrealisticandimaginativewritings,biningastheydosympathetichumorandkeensocialperception〞ClaudeSimon(1985)Prizemotivation:“whoinhisnovelbinesthepoet’sandthepainter’screativenesswithadeepenedawarenessoftimeinthedepictionofthehumancondition〞MoYan(2012)Prizemotivation:“whowithhallucinatory(幻覺般的)realismmergesfolktales,historyandthecontemporary〞BobDylan(2016)Prizemotivation:“forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition〞語篇解讀：本文向我們介紹了八位聞名的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者的獲獎緣由。1．WhichwriterwonNobelPrizeforhispoetry?A．WilliamFaulkner. B．BobDylan.C．RabindranathTagore. D．ClaudeSimon.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)標(biāo)題RabindranathTagore(1913)局部中的“becauseofhisprofoundlysensitive,freshandbeautifulverse(詩歌),bywhich,withconsummateskill...〞可知，拉賓德拉納特·泰戈爾由于詩歌而獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎。應(yīng)選C項。2．WhichwriterwonNoblePrizemostlyforhisspecificwork?A．ErnestHemingway. B．JohnSteinbeck.C．WilliamFaulkner. D．WinstonChurchill.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)標(biāo)題ErnestMillerHemingway(1954)局部中的“forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea...〞可知，海明威主要是憑借?老人與海?這部小說獲獎，其他獲獎?wù)叩墨@獎理由中并未提及具體作品。應(yīng)選A項。3．Whodescribedreallifeexperiencesinhishistoricworks?A．JohnSteinbeck. B．MoYan.C．ErnestHemingway. D．WinstonChurchill.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)標(biāo)題SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill(1953)局部中的“forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescription...〞可知，丘吉爾精通歷史和傳記寫作，故D項正確。BYoumaythinkthatEnglishspeakingpetitionsaredominatedbyEnglishmajors,andthatcollegestudentsfromothermajorsdon’tstandachanceofwinning.Butthisyear’sChinaDaily“21stCentury·Coca-ColaCup〞NationalEnglishSpeakingpetitionprovidedstrongevidencetothecontrary.ThepetitiondrewtoanendonMarch20atBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.NoneofthetopthreecontestantswereEnglishmajors.Thegrandchampion,ZhuXue,isamedicalstudentfromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.Andtherunners-upnamedCaiYaofromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversityandLiZehanfromtheChineseUniversityofHongKongarebothlawstudents.ChenMengzhufromNewYorkUniversityShanghaiwonthefourthplaceandwillbeheadingtoLondoninMaytopeteintheInternationalPublicSpeakingpetitiononbehalfofChina.Andguesswhat?ChenisnotanEnglishmajoreither.Sheisasciencestudent,majoringininteractivemediaart.Theiradvantagesmaylieintheuniquequalitiesandexperiencesthatewiththeirmajors.Forexample,Zhumanagedtokeepacoolheadthroughoutthepetition,askillprobablyhoned(磨煉)inhertrainingasamedicalstudent.Shewasevencalmaftershewonthechampionship.QuWeiguo,aFudanUniversityprofessorandoneofthepetition’sjudges,believesit’snosurprisethatstudentslikeZhusurged(蜂擁而來)ahead.“Englishmajorsmaybesuperiorattheirlanguageskills,buttheymaylacktheknowledgefromotherfieldstosupporttheirspeechandenrichtheirarguments，〞hesaid.Throughoutthepast20years,contestantsatthepetitionhavetransitioned(變遷)fromfocusingsolelyonlanguageskillstoplacingmoreemphasisonthecontentofthespeeches.語篇解讀：人們可能會認(rèn)為英語演講競賽應(yīng)當(dāng)是英語專業(yè)同學(xué)的天下，但是中國日報社“21世紀(jì)·可口可樂杯〞全國英語演講競賽結(jié)果有力地證明白這種看法是錯誤的。4．Theunderlinedword“dominated〞inParagraph1refersto“________〞．A．permitted B．controlledC．hosted D．taught解析：選B詞義猜想題。permit意為“允許〞；control意為“掌握；掌控〞；host意為“主辦；主持〞；teach意為“教〞。第一段第一句中提到來自其他專業(yè)的高校生都沒有贏得英語演講競賽的時機，由此可知，人們可能會認(rèn)為英語演講競賽都是英語專業(yè)的人獲勝，也就是英語專業(yè)的人占有優(yōu)勢，這和control的意思相符，應(yīng)選B項。5．WhowonthefirstplaceinthelatestNationalEnglishSpeakingpetition?A．ChenMengzhufromNewYorkUniversityShanghai.B．CaiYaofromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.C．ZhuXuefromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.D．LiZehanfromtheChineseUniversityofHongKong.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第三句可知，冠是來自上海交通高校醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)的朱雪。應(yīng)選C項。6．Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldEnglishmajorpetitorspaymoreattentiontointhefuture?A．Thecontentofthespeeches.B．AgoodmandofEnglishlanguage.C．Skillsofmakingaspeech.D．Acoolhead.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段一位復(fù)旦高校教授的話可知，英語專業(yè)的同學(xué)在語言技巧方面可能比擬優(yōu)秀，但是他們可能缺乏其他領(lǐng)域的學(xué)問來支撐他們的演講和豐富他們的觀點。最終一段指出：在過去的20年里，參與競賽的競爭者已經(jīng)從僅僅留意語言技巧轉(zhuǎn)變到更多地強調(diào)演講的內(nèi)容。由此可推出英語專業(yè)的參賽者在將來應(yīng)當(dāng)更多地留意演講的內(nèi)容，應(yīng)選A項。7．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP：CentralPointP：PointSp：Sub-point(次要點)C：Conclusion解析：選B篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可以發(fā)覺，本文是總—分—總結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段提出英語專業(yè)同學(xué)沒有獲得英語演講競賽這一主題，下面三段利用事例來支持觀點并分析緣由，最終一段得出結(jié)論并指出英語專業(yè)的同學(xué)以后應(yīng)當(dāng)多留意演講的內(nèi)容。應(yīng)選B項。CResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavedevelopedanewmaterialthatcanmoveheatoutofbuildingsandintospace.Theresearcherssaythematerialcancoolbuildingsevenonhotdays.Thecoolingmaterialisaverythinboardwithmanylayersthatcouldbeplacedonarooflikesolarpanels(太陽能電池板).However,insteadofturningsunlightintoenergyassolarpanelsdo,thematerialturnsheatintoinfraredradiation(紅外輻射)．ShanhuiFanisanelectricalengineeringprofessoratStanfordUniversity.Hesaysthatthepanelshavealayerofmaterialthatislikesandandtheyactlikeamirror,takingheatoutofbuildingsandreflecting(反射)thelightfromthesun.Healsosaysboththeheatandsunlightaresent100kilometersintoouterspace.It’sastructurethatcoolsitselfwithoutelectricityinput,evenunderthesun.So,whatitdoesisbasicallyradiateheattoouterspaceandalsoreflectthesunlightsoitdoesn’tgetheatedupbythesun.Andtheresultisthattheroofwillhaveatemperaturebelowsurroundingairtemperaturebyalargeamount.Thepanelsarecooltothetouch,eveninthesun.Researcherssaytheycandiminishtheindoortemperature.Mr.Fansaysitislikehavingawindowintospace.Hesaystheheatissentdirectlyintospacewithoutwarmingtheair.Hesaysbuildingsindevelopingcountriesthatdonothaveelectricityorairconditioningcouldusethepanels.TheStanfordresearchersdescribedtheirtechnologyinthesciencepublicationNature.Theysaythemainproblemiscreatingrealcoolingsystemsusingthehightechpanels.Theysayitmaybepossibletodevelopacoolingspray(噴霧)thatcouldbeusedonexistingsolidstructures.Theresearchersbelievethecoolingspraytechnologycouldbedevelopedinthenextthreetofiveyears.Theysayasmuchas15percentoftheenergyusedintheUnitedStatesisspentprovidingpowertoairconditioningsystems.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要敘述了斯坦福高校的討論人員研制出一種新的高科技材料，這種材料能夠冷卻建筑物，并將熱量送到太空。8．Accordingtothetext,thecoolingmaterial________.A．isakindofthickglassB．ismadeofsolarpanelsC．cansendheatintospaceD．canturnsunlightintoenergy解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“anewmaterialthatcanmoveheatoutofbuildingsandintospace〞可知，這種新型的材料能把熱量從建筑物上發(fā)送到太空中。9．AccordingtoShanhuiFan,thepanels________.A．havealayerofsandB．turnsunlightintoelectricityC．willabsorbheatfromthesunD．reflectsunlightandwon’tgetheatedup解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“takingheatoutofbuildingsandreflecting(反射)thelightfromthesun〞和第四段中的“whatitdoesis...soitdoesn’tgetheatedupbythesun〞可知，這種板把熱輻射到外太空，并且反射太陽光，所以不會變熱。10．Theunderlinedword“diminish〞inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________〞．A．reduce B．controlC．change D．measure解析：選A詞義猜想題。由畫線詞前的“Thepanelsarecooltothetouch〞可推知，這種材料可以把室內(nèi)溫度降低，故diminish意為“降低〞。11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlydiscuss?A．Thevarioususesofcoolingmaterials.B．Thecharacteristicsofcoolingsystems.C．Themainproblemswithcoolingtechnology.D．Thefuturedevelopmentofcoolingtechnology.解析：選D段落大意題。由最終一段中的“Theysayitmaybepossibletodevelopacoolingspray(噴霧)...couldbedevelopedinthenextthreetofiveyears.〞可知，最終一段主要敘述了冷卻技術(shù)將來開展的方向。DHehadmorethan160reportsasareporterontheMetrodeskandmorethan170in19monthsasanationaljournalistbasedinKansasCity,Mo.ButperhapsthemostimportantpieceofwritingthatA.G.SulzbergerdidforTheNewYorkTimesbeforeWednesday—whenhewasnameddeputypublisher—wasnotanarticleandwasnotpublishedinTheTimes,butwasallaboutTheTimes.Thatworkcametobeknownasthe“innovation(創(chuàng)新)report〞，whichzeroedinontheimportanceofadigitalfutureforthenewspaperhisfamilyhasownedsince1896andsaidTheTimesriskedlosingitsleadingplaceifitdidnotmakesweepingchanges.InaconversationinhisofficeonWednesday,Mr.Sulzbergersaidhesawtheinnovationreportandthethinkingthatledtohisconclusionsas“awake-upcalltothenewsroomthatwewereatriskofmissingthemoment〞．“Itwasalwayseasytoseehowchangeswillendangerthetraditionsoftheplace，〞hesaid,“butwhatbecamereallycleartomewasnotchangingwasthemoredangerouscourseifwecaredaboutthetraditionsoftheplace.〞Unlikesomeoftheformerdeputypublishersinhisrole,Mr.Sulzbergerhasbeenmoreexperiencedinthenewsroomthaninadvertisingorconsumermarketing.Still,hiscolleaguesdescribedhimasaquickstudywhosemodestymaskeddeepinnerconfidence.Besides,inthenewsroomoroutonanassignment,Mr.SulzbergerdidnotshowoffhisconnectiontoTheTimes’owners.“Irecognizedthename，〞saidVincentBova,avideoeditorwhofiguredinafeaturearticlethatMr.Sulzbergerwrotein2010.“Imean,IknewIwasdealingwithroyalty.Therewasnoreasonformetobringthatupwithhim,andhedidn’t.〞SoMr.Sulzberger,insomeway,hasqualifiedhimselfforthepositionsincelongtimeago.語篇解讀：本文介紹了聞名出版人A.G.Sulzberger對?紐約時報?的重要奉獻(xiàn)，還介紹了他提出的“創(chuàng)新報道〞理論以及他人對他的評價。12．A.G.Sulzbergerwrotethe“innovationreport〞mainlyto________.A．urgerevolutionsinTheTimesB．gainthepositionofdeputypublisherC．promotechangesinNewYorkCityD．showdirectionstohisfamilyfuture解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段可知，“創(chuàng)新報道〞關(guān)注報紙數(shù)字化將來的重要性，?紐約時報?假設(shè)不，那么將面臨危機。據(jù)此可以推斷，A.G.Sulzberger提及“創(chuàng)新報道〞的目的是敦促?紐約時報?進(jìn)行變革，故A項正確。13．WhatisthebiggestthreattotraditionalmediaaccordingtoMr.Sulzberger?A．Scientificdevelopments.B．Rapidsocialchanges.C．Theirownstubbornness.D．Decreasingreaders.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“andsaidTheTimesriskedlosingitsleadingplaceifitdidnotmakesweepingchanges〞和文章中提到的“innovationreport〞可知，A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為?紐約時報?假設(shè)不做出變革，那么將面臨危機；據(jù)此可以推斷，A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)媒風(fēng)光臨的最大的問題是它們固執(zhí)己見，不思變革，故C項正確。14．HowdoestheauthorshowuswhatMr.Sulzbergerislikeinthelastparagraph?A．Byparinghimwithothers.B．Byinterviewinghiminperson.C．Bygivingexamplesofhisroutines.D．Byquotingmentsfromothers.解析：選D寫作手法題。通讀最終一段可知，該段其次句介紹了同事對A.G.Sulzberger的評價，第四句和第五句介紹了視頻編輯VincentBova對他的評價；據(jù)此可以推斷，最終一段是通過別人的評價來描述A.G.Sulzberger的，故D項正確。15．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMr.Sulzbergeraccordingtothepassage?A．Casual. B．Objective.C．Admirable. D．Critical.解析：選C觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文可知，A.G.Sulzberger提出“創(chuàng)新報道〞理論并前瞻性地熟悉到數(shù)字化時代對傳統(tǒng)媒體的影響，意識到傳統(tǒng)媒體變革的重要意義；據(jù)此可以推斷，作者對A.G.Sulzberger的態(tài)度是敬佩的，故C項正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifsomethingthatyou’redoingdoesn’tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn’tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives