原創(chuàng)選修八知識點unit3-Inventors-and-inventions

Unit3Inventorsandinventions

Wordsandexpressions考綱知識預覽重點單詞短語calluphangonnowandthengetthroughsetaboutringbackseizeringofffileoutoforderbeardistinguishdiveintosetouttodotap五星級重點知識講解1.callup給…打電話；使想起…；叫醒某人;征召某人入伍；提出…供考慮；(1)Hecalledupthemuseum.他往博物館打了電話。(2)Thetoyscalledupthememoriesofhischildhood.

這些玩具喚起了他童年的回憶。(3)Pleasecallmeupat6o’clocktomorrowmorning.

請明早六點叫醒我重點知識講解（4）Theywerecalledupattheageofnineteen.他們十九歲時被征召入伍。（5）Theproposalregardingsafetyinproductionwascalledupintheconferencethismorning.有關安全生產(chǎn)的提案今天上午已在會上提出討論。重點知識講解短語擴展（1）與打電話有關的短語：ring/callback回復電話ringoff掛斷電話givesb.aring給某人打電話sb.bewantedonthephone有某人的電話answerthephone接電話hang/holdon不掛斷電話重點知識講解（2）有關call的短語①callon/upon拜訪某人(sb)；~…todo號召,請求/呼吁某人做某事ObamacalledontheworldtosanctionIran.

奧巴馬呼吁世界對伊朗進行制裁。②callatsomeplace訪問某地；?？磕车丌踓allsth.off取消；叫走；轉(zhuǎn)移（注意力）e.g.Hehascalledoffthetrip.Callyourdogoff.Themusicinthenextclassroomcalledoffhisattentionfromhisteacher.重點知識講解④callfor要求；需要；去接某人I’llcallforyouat8o’clock.Thisworkcallsforpatience.⑤callby(vi.)順便拜訪Couldyoucallbyonyourwayhome?你回家的時候，能順路來一下嗎?。Whenyoucomehereonbusinessnexttime,docallby.你下次出差來這里，一定要順便來玩玩。重點知識講解2.nowandthen：fromtimetotimeLaughNowandThen笑口常開Ihaveastrangefeeling~.短語擴展nowthat既然~youarehere,I’llhavetogo.重點知識講解3.distinguishvi.&vt.區(qū)分；辨別；

vt.使杰出

(1)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分A和B(2)distinguish...from...辨別；使有別于(3)bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名(4)distinguishoneself(in/by/as)因…出名；使杰出重點知識講解即學即用（1）你應學會明辨是非。

Youshouldlearnto~betweenrightandwrong.Youshouldlearnto~rightfromwrong.（2）這對孿生兒長得很像，沒有人能分辨得出哪個是哪個。

Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecan~onefromtheother.重點知識講解(3)她在藝術方面成就出眾。

Shedistinguishedherselfinthearts.(4)作為一名警察他以勇敢著稱。Hedistinguishedhimselfasapolicemanbyhisbravery.(5)他的口音讓他有別于其他男孩兒。Itishisaccentthat~shimfromotherboys.重點知識講解詞匯擴展：distinguishedadj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的;尊貴的~guests尊貴的客人們~professor著名的教授distinguishableadj.易分辨的，能區(qū)分的重點知識講解4.setabout(doing)sth.

開始，著手Wesetaboutcleaningthehouse.我們開始著手打掃房子。set

的短語setup建立；設立；誣陷setaside把…放一邊；抽出（時間）；駁回Trytosetasidesometimetovisithim.想辦法撥出一些時間去拜訪他。setoff點燃，引爆；發(fā)射；引起；動身(for)setoffachainreaction

引起連鎖反應重點知識講解setdown

放下(bags)；寫下，記下；卸下某物；讓（乘客）下車；制定(rules;laws)setout(todo/for)動身，出發(fā)；擺放Setoutthemealonthetable.把飯菜擺在桌上。setin（vi.）來臨，到來；流行Therainyseasonhassetin.雨季已經(jīng)開始了。setfireto放火setAinB=setB.withA用A鑲嵌Bbeallsettodo/for準備就緒重點知識講解5.seize

vt.抓?。蛔阶。粖Z取vi.(on)抓住(1)~sb.by抓住某人某個部位Heseizedmebymyshoulder.(2)~theopportunity抓住機會(3)Theenemyhad~dtheairport.(4)Hewouldseizeuponanyexcuseforhisbeinglate.他會找各種借口為他的遲到辯解。

重點知識講解6.filevt.

提交，歸檔；n.檔案，文件夾(1)Pleasefile(away)thoselettersinadrawer.請把那些信件歸檔放入抽屜內(nèi)。(2)Hehastofileasalesreport.他得提交一份銷售報告。重點知識講解7.bear:endure,stand,putupwith(口語，can/could搭配，否定/疑問)Hecan'tbeartobelaughedat/bearbeinglaughedat.他禁不住拿他取笑.詞語擴展：(1)support(sb/sth);sustain支撐Theiceistoothintobearyourweight.冰太薄,承受不住你的重量.(2)takeresponsibility；shoulder負起（責任，費用cost等）;肩負:ThePresidenthastobeartheblame.

總統(tǒng)難辭其咎.重點知識講解8.diveinto(a)moveone'shandquicklyintosth

迅速將手伸入某物中:diveintoone'spocket,briefcase,etc

立即把手伸進衣袋﹑公事包等.(b)involveoneselfcompletelyinsth

一心投入某事物:diveintoanewproject

潛心鉆研一個新項目.重點知識講解9.tapn.水龍頭；vt.&vi.輕拍，輕打tapwater自來水Theteachertappedmeonmyshoulder.老師輕輕地拍了下我的肩膀。Hetapped(on)thedoorandwentin.totapone'sfootonthefloor用腳輕敲地板重點知識講解10.hangon=holdon(1)Hangontotherope,I’llliftyouup.(2)Hangon,I'llgiveyousomeimportantinformation.稍等一下，我給你提供一點重要的信息。(3)Ifyouhangon,youwillsucceedintheend.只要你堅持下去，你最終一定會成功的。重點知識講解11.outoforder發(fā)生故障，次序顛倒(1)Ican'tmakeacall,asourphoneisoutoforder.我無法打電話，我們的電話壞了。(2)Theprocedureisoutoforder.短語補充：outof~出于，缺乏，在…外；越出outoflove/pity/mercy出于…outofreach夠不到outof(the)questionoutofrepair/work/luck失修/失業(yè)/霉運outofsight,outofmind.眼不見，心不煩

重點知識講解12.getthrough通過(考試，法案，門)；熬過；做完(task，job)；接通電話；使…被理解(tosb)(1)Thewomanwassofatthatshecouldn'tgetthroughthedoorway.這女人胖得連門都通不過。(2)Johnhasgotthroughtheexamination.(3)Ican'tgetthroughtothisnumber.

這個號碼我打不通。重點知識講解(4)Idon'tknowhowtheygetthroughthesecoldwinters.我不知道他們是如何熬過這些寒冷的冬天的。(5)Ithinkyoucangetthroughthefirsttwochapters.我想你能完成前兩章。(6)Wecan'tgetitthroughtohimthatusingdrugsisbadforhishealth.我們沒法使他明白吸毒對他健康的危害。重點知識講解get短語：1.get（sb）into陷入…；進入…；染上（壞習慣）；從事；被錄取~trouble陷入麻煩;~badhabitWecan'tgetanymorepeopleintothetrain.火車再也不能上人了。Hewaseagertogetintopolitics.他渴望從政。IwasworkinghardtogetintoYale.我為了能進入耶魯大學而努力學習。重點知識講解2.getup起床，站起來3.getin進來；進站；插話；被錄取4.getout出去；(消息)被泄露；逃脫;出版5.getdown記下；下來；咽下；使沮喪6.getalong(wellwithsb)與…友好相處7.getback回來；恢復(tonormal)8.gettogether聚會，集合9.getto到達；開始（某事work）10getdowntobusiness開始干正事11.getdowntowork開始工作三星級單詞知識講解1.patentApplyfor~申請專利2.courtyardBackyard/frontyard前院/后院3.mercifuladj.(mercy【U】n.)Be~to/towardssb/sth.對…寬容Showmercytosb.對…仁慈Givesb.mercy寬恕某人Withoutmercy無情地Throwoneselfonsb’smercy請求…寬恕三星級單詞知識講解4.productn.產(chǎn)品

producen.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品

productionn.生產(chǎn)；(文學、藝術、廣播)產(chǎn)品5.perfume[p?‘fju:m]vt.使充滿香水味Theairisperfumedwiththeroseflowers.空氣中充滿著玫瑰香味。6.stainlesssteel不銹鋼7.WaterCube水立方重點知識講解8.abrupt---abruptly~change突變；~slope陡坡Hestoppedabruptlyandlookedmyway.他突然停住，向我看了過來。9.itisconvenienttodosth.10.withcaution小心地

becautiousabout/of…小心…Be~aboutmakinginvestment.becautious(not)todoBecautiousnottomakemistakes.重點知識講解11.expectationof…期待…expect*(sb)todosth.in~of.期望;料想會…In~ofatrafficjam,Idecidedtowalk.?？迹簑hattoexpect會發(fā)生什么事。12.實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標準。

Practiceisthesolecriterionfortestingtruth.13.ripe成年的，上了年紀的Livetoripeoldage.活到高齡beripefor=bereadyfor準備好的；時機成熟重點知識講解14.identifysb/sthassb/sth證明是…辨別出…

Sheidentifiedthemanastheattacker.Identityn.身份，本身IDcard身份卡，身份證15.rainfall=precipitation16.LanternFestival元宵節(jié)17.dynamic(static靜態(tài)的)a~person精力充沛的人重點知識講解18.currentadj.現(xiàn)在的，目前的，流通的，通用的n.電流~issue/problem/price目前的議題/問題currencyn.貨幣，流通gold/papercurrency金[紙]幣19.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；(人)穩(wěn)重的，可靠的

astablerelationship,job,government穩(wěn)定的關系﹑工作﹑政府Mentallyshe'sverystable.她情緒十分穩(wěn)定.三星級詞匯講解20.associaten.同伴，伙伴，同事

vt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系

vi結(jié)交

adj.副的~sb/sth.withsb./sth.把A和B聯(lián)系起來~withsb.與..打交道Ialways~himwithLondon.Idon’twantto~withtheseguys.~professor副教授三星級詞匯講解21.practicaladj.實際的，實用的，實踐的~experience實踐經(jīng)驗~skill實踐技能Yourinventionisn’tpractical.22.extensionn.電話分機，延伸，擴展extendv.擴展，延伸，伸出(hand)extentn.程度tosomeextent在某種程度上

toalargeextent很大程度上

toacertain~在特定程度上LanguagepointsPre-reading1.gothrough經(jīng)歷，遭受；翻找；審查，查看；(bill,law)被通過；通過(安檢，海關)Hewasgoingthroughaverydifficulttime...He~thedrawertolookforthemoney.MayIgothroughthebill，please?MayIgothroughnow?Pre-reading2.workout得到，想出(解決方法)，弄明白；計算出；sth.計算下來(at)；sth.進展(順利)Ittookmesometimetoworkoutwhatwascausingthis...'Howwillyoucontactme?'—'Wehaven'tworkedthatoutyet.‘Thingsjustdidn'tworkoutasplanned.Ihopeitwillworkoutwell.Thepriceperpoundworksoutat￡3.20.每磅價格算下來3.2英鎊。Pre-reading3.decideon:決定要，選定Idecidedonthewhitecar.Didyoudecideonathemeforyourpaper?Idecidedonbuyinganewcar.reading1.There

seemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.There

seemtobealotofprivatecarsnow.*therebe特殊用法Thereseem/appear/happentobe…似乎/碰巧…Thereusedtobe過去有…E.g.Therehappenedtobeawitnesswhentheaccidentoccered.readingtheretobe1.用作介詞for以及動詞want,expect,hope,wish,like,hate,wouldlike等的復合賓語。

I’vneverexpectedtheretobeachancetovisitNewYork.2.用在Itbe+adj.for...的結(jié)構中

Itisimpossiblefortheretobeanymorechance.不可能在有機會了。

Itwastoolatefortheretobeanybuses.時間太晚，不會有汽車了。

readingtherebeing1.用作介詞(for除外)及動詞deny,appreciate,mind,imagine,admit等后的賓語

Ineverdreamedoftherebeingapictureonthewall.2.作狀語用于獨立主格結(jié)構Therebeingnothingtodo,wewenthome.因為沒有什么事要辦，我們就回家了。Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodoitbymyself.由于身邊沒有別人，我只得自己干了。reading2.Anewapproachwasclearlyneeded.approachn.方法，途徑Therearemany~estogatheringinformation.approachv.接近，靠近；處理，解決；臨近找…商量(todo/aboutsth.)Don’t~thefrontdoor.He~edmetodesignthebridge.Assummer~es,thewhetherbecomeshotterandhotter.Idon’tknowhowto~theseproblems.reading3.Thenextmorning

Igotupearlybeforethesunwashot.(1)itwillbe+時間段+beforesb.dosth.再過多久…才…Itwas+時間段+beforesb.didsth.過了多久…才…Itwon’tbelongbeforesb.dosth.過不了多久某人就會…(2)beforesb.can/coulddosth.還沒來的及ThebushadgonebeforeIcouldgetin.reading(3)以防，趁著還不…；寧愿You’dbetterworkhardbefore