初中英語精講精練-閱讀理解指代和猜詞題解題策略 學(xué)案

閱讀理解指示代詞和猜詞題9/9默寫：它______；他們______；這個(gè)______；那個(gè)_______；這些________；那些________二、指示代題解題四部曲找出代詞所在句 2、原句、前一句讀一讀3、若還糊涂再往前4、答案就在不遠(yuǎn)處（）1.Step1.Sittingcomfortably,imaginethereisaclockinfrontofyouandturnyoureyesupto12o’clock.Pause（停頓）forasecond,andthenloweryoureyesto6o’clock.Pauseagain,andthenrepeatthisstep10times.Completetheexercisebycuppingyourhandsoveryoureyesforafewseconds,lettingthemrestinthedarkness.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'them"referto(指代)?A.Youreyes.B.Yourhands.C.Thedoctors.D.Theexercises.（）2.However,collaborativeskillsareveryimportantforpreparingstudentsfortoday'ssociety,"headded."Luckily,moreChineseparentsandteachersarerealizingtheimportanceofthisandarethinkingofwaystohelpstudentsimproveit."InParagraph5,theunderlinedword"it"refersto______.A.today'ssocietyB.parents'realizationC.theimportance D.collaborativeskill（）3.Insomepartsoftheworld,childrenhavetoworkhardlongdaysandtheycan’tgotoschool.Viviennewantedtochange

this.“Iwantallkidstobeabletogotoschoolandplay,”saidVivienne.Theunderlinedword“this”in

Paragraph2referstothefactthat______.A.somechildrenhavetoworkalldayandcan’tgotoschoolB.somechildrendon’thavecleanwatertodrinkC.somechildrendon’thaveenoughfoodtoeat

D.somechildrenhavenohome（）4.Theprogramhasbeenagreatsuccess,accordingtoSmartMachinesspokesmanRobertFrostFrostsays,"Whatisinterestingtomeisthechildren'sreactiontoBill.Hereallycapturestheirattention."Frostthinkskidsdon'tfindtheexperienceofbeingtaughtbysmartmachinesasstrangeasolderpeoplebecausetheyhavegrownupinatimeofcomputersandsmartphones.Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph4refersto________.A.kidsB.olderpeopleC.smartmachinesDprogramdevelopers（）5.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan’tsee.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes.B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk. D.BBCnewsreports.（）6.Hehadtoworkwithpeopleallovertheworld.Theysharedinformationaboutcomputers.Itwashardtomanagealltheinformation.Heansweredthesamequestionsagainandagain.Ittookalotoftime.ItwasevendifficultforcomputersinthesameofficeinSwitzerlandtoshareinformation.Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph3refersto________A.Workingonearlycomputers B.ConnectingdifferentfactstogetherC.TravellingtotheofficeinSwitzerland D.Repeatingtheanswerstothesamequestions（）7.EllieWasaskilledgymnast.Shecouldjumphigherthanherheight.Butshelikedshowingoff.Whenshetriedoutforthegymnasticsteam,sheputonaperfectperformance.“Seeifyoucandothat!”Shesaidproudly.ThenextFriday,thelistwaspostedannouncingwhohadmadetheteam.Ellie’snamewasn’tonit.“It'sunfair.I'mbetterthanalltheothergirls!”shesaid.Shewenttoseethecoach.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.theperformances. B.thelist.C.theteam. D.theattitude.三、詞義猜測題常見考查形式詞義猜測題的命題方式為：給文中的某個(gè)詞添加下畫線，問所給詞的含義，并在選項(xiàng)中給出其英文釋義、中文釋義或近義詞，要求學(xué)生從選項(xiàng)中選出最符合其在文中用法的那一項(xiàng)。題干主要有以下幾種形式：1.Theunderlinedword“...”inParagraphXmeans________.2.Theunderlinedword“...”refersto/standsfor________.3.Theunderlinedword“...”canbereplacedby.4.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword？5.Theunderlinedword“...”hasthesamemeaningas.6.Theunderlinedwordisclosestinmeaningtotheword…7.Bysaying…,theauthormeanstosaythat…四、猜題題技巧：構(gòu)詞法+上下文+常識(shí)技巧1.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法：（一）.Synthesismethod合成法:把兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞。Homework,hometown,homemade,homepage,homeland,homesick家庭作業(yè)，家鄉(xiāng)，自制，首頁，家鄉(xiāng)，想家superman超人upstair樓上tetbook課本handwriting書寫microwave微波chatroom聊天室password密碼eastwards向東good-lookingsecond-handwell-dressed1. Ifyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisachallenge,itistimeyoubuildapositiveself-imageandlearntoloveyourself.中文意思______________2. Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilmsandinsomefolktales,theyarecruel.中文意思______________3.Wemust

safeguard

theworldpeace.中文意思______________A.

protect

B

careorcustody

Cprevent

D

tokeepsafewithaburglar-alarm4.Overworkmaycausediseases.中文意思______________5.Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthemanager’seyes.中文意思______________（二）.derivativemethod派生法/詞綴法：前綴/后綴dis- 不,相反的 dislike,disappear,dishonestim- 不 impossible,impolitemis- 錯(cuò)誤的 misuse,misunderstand,mistrustre- 重新,再次 rewrite,retellsuper- 超級,上層 supermarket,supermantele- 遠(yuǎn) telephone,telegram,televisionun- 不 unfair,unusual,unable,unlikeunder- 下面的 underground,undergraduateen- 使．.．可能enlarge（擴(kuò)大）enable（使能夠）,encourage（鼓勵(lì)）-er 人,動(dòng)作者 worker,singer,recorder,teacher-or 人,動(dòng)作者 actor,visitor,editor-ist 人,主義者 chemist,dentist,scientist,-ess 女性 actress,waitress-hood 身份,狀態(tài) childhood,boyhood-ment 行為,動(dòng)作,結(jié)果 government,movement,development-ness 狀態(tài),性質(zhì) illness,happiness-ion 動(dòng)作,狀態(tài) discussion,decision,organization-th 狀態(tài) length,wealth,truth-ese 人 Japanese,Chinese-ian 人 American,musician,historian-ship 狀態(tài) friendship,membership-en 動(dòng)詞詞尾 widen,strengthen,darken,-fy 動(dòng)詞詞尾 beautify-ly 副詞詞尾 slowly,happily,simply-ward(s) 副詞詞尾 eastward(s),backward(s)-able ……的 agreeable,payable,readable-an ……的 European,American,Canadian-al ……的 political,musical-en 由……制成 woolen,golden-ed ……的 blue-eyed-ful 充滿的 careful,painful,hopeful-ish ……的 foolish,Swedish-less 沒有的 careless,homeless,endless-ly 充滿,性質(zhì) friendly,lovely,motherly-ous 有……的 famous,dangerous-y 充滿,性質(zhì) rainy,dirty,sunny,cloudy,sleepy-teen 十幾 thirteen;fifteen;eighteen-ty 幾十 forty;fifty;ninety-th 第…… fifth;sixth;eighth形容詞+名詞+-ed white-haired,warm-hearted,kind-hearted形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 good-looking,easy-going形容詞+過去分詞 ready-made,new-born副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hard-working,well-meaning副詞+過去分詞 well-known,newly-built名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 English-speaking,south-facing名詞+過去分詞 man-made,water-covered名詞+形容詞 snow-white,homesick副詞/形容詞+名詞 right-hand,full-time數(shù)詞+名詞 100-meter,million-pound數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞 180-foot-high,10-year-old數(shù)詞+名詞+-ed four-legged,one-eyed副詞+動(dòng)詞 overcome,understand形容詞+動(dòng)詞 dry-clean,white-wash名詞+動(dòng)詞 typewrite,sleepwalk名詞+名詞 classroom,schoolgirl,weekend,bookshop形容詞+名詞 highway,blackboard,hotdog,greenhouse動(dòng)詞+副詞 get-together,break-down名詞+動(dòng)名詞 handwriting,storytelling副詞+名詞 outbreak,overcoat動(dòng)名詞+名詞 diningroom,sleepingcar,reading-roommaybe,forever,myself,whole-heartedly,however,everyone,somethinghandbag,handball,handwriting,hand-made重復(fù)re-recall；共同，平等co-coproduced；前pre-preview；后post-postgraduate；遠(yuǎn)程tele–telescope；mini–小minibus；over-過oversleep；Vice-副vice-resident；1.Iwillnotmakefriendswithadishonestperson.中文意思______________2.Whenthelittleboyfinished,hisfatherwasspeechless.中文意思______________3.Ifsomeathletesusedrugs,itisunfairtotheothers.中文意思______________（三）.transformationmethod 轉(zhuǎn)化法：英語單詞的詞性非?；钴S，名詞用作動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞，形容詞用作動(dòng)詞等現(xiàn)象非常普遍，這種把一種詞性用作另一種詞性的方式就叫做詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化。閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化詞，只要抓住單詞的原始意思，結(jié)合句子成分，就容易弄清它們的引申義。Iusuallywalktoschool.Let'sgooutforawalk.中文意思______________中文意思______________Didyoubookaseatontheplane?Pleasehandmethebook.中文意思______________中文意思______________Shenursedherhusbandathospital.中文意思______________Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingconditions.中文意思______________⑤(2018重慶B卷)Firstly,studyyourself.Understandwhatyoulike,whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe.Instudyingyourself,youcheckyourstrengths(長處)andweaknesses.Findoutwhatyouneedtoprepareforyourdreamjob.Theunderlinedword“study”inParagraph3probablymeans______.A.學(xué)習(xí)B.審視C.幫助D.調(diào)查⑥Thetrainsloweddowntohalfitsspeed.中文意思______________⑦Don'tdirtyyourclothes.中文意思______________⑧Handmeyourknife,please.中文意思______________技巧2.根據(jù)定義猜詞：利用不同的表述對同一概念進(jìn)行解釋，從而猜測詞義。常見的信號(hào)詞有be,means,refersto,beconsideredtobe,beknownas，becalled，standfor，namely，thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway,define,represent等。常見的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)有破折號(hào)、括號(hào)，有的采用同位語、定語從句的形式。這種解釋說明的信息明確具體，所使用的語言通俗易懂。【例】（2021?湖南?長沙）Infact，therearealotmorethanjustthebigshotswhoaresuccessfulinlifewithoutfinishingschool.Theyseize（抓?。〆verychancetolearnandfinallymakeittothetop.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“bigshots”inthethirdparagraphmean？A.好學(xué)生B.神槍手C.大人物解析：畫線的內(nèi)容是bigshots，根據(jù)其后的定語從句“whoaresuccessfulinlifewithoutfinishingschool”可知，它指的是“沒有完成學(xué)業(yè)就成功的人”，再根據(jù)前文（由于文字過多，舉例中略過，原文包含）提到的“ThomasEdisonandSteveJobs”可推斷，它的含義是大人物，故選C。1.Therearethreekindsofsnow.Onekindisafluffy[?fl?fi]snowthatissomewhatdryandfeathery[?fee?ri]（adj.生有羽毛的，柔軟如羽毛的;軟綿綿;）.中文意思______________2.Thepurposeofthecampaign[k?m?pe?n]（運(yùn)動(dòng);戰(zhàn)役;）wastocatch“ringers”,studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents.中文意思______________3.Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.中文意思______________4.Theword

“adolescence[??d??lesns]”meanstheperiodbetweenchildrenandadulthood.

A

少兒期

B

幼兒期

C

青春期

D

成人期

5.The

herdsman[?h?:dzm?n]

,wholooksaftersheep,

earnsabout650yuanayear.中文意思_____________6.Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalleda

carpenter[?kɑ?p?nt?(r)].中文意思_____________7.Hisuncleisa

zoologist[z????l?d??st],anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.中文意思_____________8.Weareonthe

nightshift

frommidnightto8a.m.thisweek.中文意思_____________9.Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershaveto

irrigate[??r?ɡe?t],orwatertheirfields.中文意思_____________10.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsovery

brittle[?br?tl]－thatis,itwillbreakeasily.A

easilybroken

B

softinside

C

veryhard

D

expensive11.Allwhalesconsistoftwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongto

odontoceti[?u'd?nt?siti],thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.中文意思_____________12.Theydescribedhimasaloon[lu:n],oramadman.中文意思______________13.Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought[dra?t].中文意思______________技巧3.根據(jù)同義詞、近義詞猜詞：根據(jù)同義詞、近義詞來猜測詞義。同義關(guān)系詞：and,or,like,similar?！纠浚?021?浙江?溫州）Thoughitseldomrainsinsummer，itsometimesdrizzlesonearlywintermornings.Thedrizzleandthewetair“water”theground，whichmakesthecropsandtheplantsgrow.Theunderlinedword“drizzle”probablymeans.A.warmairB.seawaterC.snowandiceD.verylightrain解析：在“Thoughitseldomrainsinsummer，itsometimesdrizzlesonearlywintermornings”中，drizzles用作動(dòng)詞，意思與rains相近，而畫線詞的詞性為名詞，再結(jié)合畫線詞后的“‘water’theground，whichmakesthecropsandplantsgrow”可推知，drizzle指的是verylightrain，故選D。1.LikecleverDavid,Richardmaybeintelligent.中文意思______________2.Yourideasaresonebulous[?nebj?l?s]thattheyarenotcleartome.中文意思_____________3.Yourgross[ɡr??s]ortotalweightmustbewithincertainlimits.A.少量的 B.四分之一的 C.全部的 D.部分的4.Alltheothermembersareofthesameopinions.Theyareunanimous[ju?n?n?m?s].A.一致同意B.不贊成C.棄權(quán)技巧4.根據(jù)對比和轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系猜詞：根據(jù)文中的反義詞或表示對比關(guān)系的詞來猜測詞義。常見的信號(hào)詞有as,like,unlike,while,onthecontrary，otherwise，but，yet，however，nomatterhow,although，though，instead，ontheotherhand，ratherthan,too…to,等。對比法常用來表現(xiàn)事物的差異，我們可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定某個(gè)詞的含義。【例】“Theproductsweredamaged（損壞）bysomeoneinourcompany，”thebosssays.“Butthisshouldn’taffecttheuseoftheproducts.Ifthecustomersfindit，wewillsayitwascausedbythetruckingcompanythatdeliveredtheproducts.”Theunderlinedword“affect”inthesecondparagraphmeans.A.keepB.divideC.influenceD.provide解析：but的前一句老板解釋說：“這些產(chǎn)品被我們公司的一些人損壞。”通過轉(zhuǎn)折向顧客解釋，“雖然產(chǎn)品被損壞，但是不應(yīng)該產(chǎn)品的使用?！蓖ㄟ^對比前后文進(jìn)行猜測，確定該詞義為“影響”，根據(jù)學(xué)生已學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，得知influence的中文含義為影響，因此該題選擇C。Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycold,thenoondaysunwastropical['tr?pik?l].中文意思_____________2.Tomislazy,buthisbrotherindustrious.[in'd?stri?s]中文意思_____________3.Mostofusagreed,however,Bill

dissented[di?sentid].中文意思_____________4.Twelve－year－oldSallywasanactivegirl，buthersisterwasquite

sedate[s??de?t]．

A.pretty

B.calm

C.protective

D.energetic

5.Sheisusually

prompt[pr?mpt]

forallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.A.

ontime

B.late

C.slowly

D.quickly

6.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancial[fa??n?n?l]（財(cái)政的，財(cái)務(wù)的;金融的;）extremes（極端）,from

penury[?penj?ri]

togreatwealth.A.

便士

B.

溫飽

C.

非常貧困

D.

虛弱7.Mrs.Smithis

loquacious[l??kwe???s]

whileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.多嘴多舌的

B.

寡言的

C.沉默的

D.

可愛的8.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremains

grubby[?gr?bi].中文意思_____________9.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isvery

thrifty[?θr?fti].中文意思_____________10.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostas

plump[pl?mp]

asmother,andmuchshorter.中文意思_____________11.MostwomeninGhanatheeducatedand

illiterate[??l?t?r?t],theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.A.repeated

B.reiterated.

C

uneducated

D.sick

12.Hehadbeengettingbetter,butduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated[di?ti?ri?reitid].中文意思_____________13.Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.However,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil[?t??m??l]now.中文意思_____________14.Heissohomely[?h??mli],notatallashandsomeashisbrother.中文意思_____________15.OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans_________.A.terribleB.badC.goodD.real16.Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisallwet.Idon’tliketobewithhim.Theunderlinedphrase“allwet”means_____________.A.drunk B.sweating C.happy D.wrong17.Lastmonth,CognitiveDailyreportedthatparentsandteachersshouldbespecificratherthangeneralwhentheyofferpraise.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"specific"underlinedinParagraph4?A.ExactB.Careful C.ScientificD.Professional技巧5.根據(jù)舉例猜詞：根據(jù)文中所列舉的例子來猜測詞義。常用來舉例的詞或詞組有l(wèi)ike,suchas,forexample,forinstance等。這些例子都為我們猜測詞義提供了幫助?！纠縄nsomecoastalprovincessuchasGuangdongProvinceandFujianProvince，apotofWuLongteaorPurerteaistheusualtreat.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“costal”inParagraph4mean？A.內(nèi)陸的B.邊境的C.沿海的D.沿河的解析：從文中的suchas后面是以廣東省和福建省為例，我們知道這兩個(gè)省份是沿海的省份，所以通過舉例子得知這個(gè)單詞是“沿海的”意思，故選C。Theshopsellsstationery['stei??n?ri],suchaspens,pencils,paper,envelopes,andsoon.中文意思_____________2.Wetooktheprovision[pr?u'vi??n]withustocamp,forexample，thereweremeat,bread,milk,sugarandfruit.中文意思_____________3.Onthefarmtheymainlyraise

poultry[?po?ltri],suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.Theword“poultry”means_____.

A.獵物

B.家禽

C.飼料

D.牲畜4.Youcantakeanyofthe

periodicals[?p??r?'?d?k?lz]:CrazyEnglish,Reader,TeachinginSchools,TimeMagazine,NewsWeek,theNewWorkerorEnglishLearning.

中文意思_____________

5.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyon

appliances[?p'la??ns?z],forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.中文意思_____________6.IhavefoundLucyisquitegenerous,forexample,whenevershemeetsabeggar,shegivessomecoinstohim.中文意思_____________技巧6.因果法

：

從原因推測結(jié)果，從結(jié)果推測原因。

通過因果關(guān)系猜詞,首先是找出生詞所在部分與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系,然后才能猜詞義。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,so…that,such…that,thus,therefore,,asaresult等)表示因果關(guān)系。例Youshouldn’thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn’thisfault.解析通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò)),可猜出blame的詞義是“責(zé)備”。1.Thatmuseumisso

immense

thatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.

A.

verylarge

B

crowed

C

noisy

D

good2.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletely

engrossed[?n?ɡr??st]

inher

reading.

A.

心不在焉的B.緊張的

C.全神貫注的

D.

睡意濃的3.Shewantedthehairdresserto

trim[tr?m]

herhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.

A.修剪

B.梳理

C.

清洗

D.

裝飾4.SinceIcouldnotaffordoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica[?repl?k?].Itlooksreal.Youcouldnottellthedifferenceifyouareprofessional.中文意思_____________5.Theriverisso

turbid[?t??b?d]

thatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow(淺的）.中文意思_____________技巧7.上下文語境或常識(shí)：根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系、情境提示或常識(shí)來猜測詞義。有時(shí)語境的提示或者段與段、句與句之間存在的前后聯(lián)系也是猜詞的好線索。在閱讀的過程中，如遇到生詞，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，或運(yùn)用自己已有的常識(shí)將其推測出來。比如了解一些英美國家的天文地理、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、政治結(jié)構(gòu)、社會(huì)制度等，可以幫助加深對文章的理解，遇到生詞時(shí)，猜測詞義的能力自然就會(huì)增強(qiáng)。

【例】Dr.YuanLongpingworkedmostofhislifegrowingbetterrice.Asaresultofhisresearch，theChinesepeoplearenolongerworriedaboutgettingstarved.Hisgreatworkalsohelpedtheworldproducemoreandmorerice.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“starved”inparagraph2meaninChinese？A.挨餓B.受凍C.致貧解析：根據(jù)畫線詞后“Hisgreatworkalsohelpedtheworldproducemoreandmorerice”和第四段中（由于文字過多，舉例中略過，原文包含）的“Severalnaturaldisasters（天災(zāi)）hitChinainthe1960s.Yuansawmanypeopledieofhungereveryday”可推知，starved的意思是“挨餓”，故選A。Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesan

anaesthetic[??n?s?θet?k]

tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.中文意思_____________2.Afterinventing

dynamite[?da?n?ma?t],Nobelbecameaveryrichman.中文意思_____________A

powerfulexplosive

B

light

C

engine

D

electricity3.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathis

occupation[??kju?pe??n]

was.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.

A.work

B.study

C.name

D.Interest4.HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcould

makeout

wasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.A.

seeclearlyB.understand

C.

expect5.Ifyouexplorethewallmorecarefully,youwillfindmanyotherinterestingthings,likeahappyface,acryingfaceandotherpatterns.中文意思_____________6.It’ssaidthatBillGatesisthemostaffluent[??flu?nt]personintheworld.Hehaslotsofmoney.中文意思_____________7.Asascientist,Edisonisveryfamousforhiscontrivances.[k?n?traiv?nsiz]中文意思_____________8.Adeaf-and-dumbguywentintoahardwarestoretoaskforsomenails.中文意思_____________9.Sometimes,littlethingscanbringbigchanges.JusticeandNathanielarelearningthiswithmusic.Acello[?t?el??]andaviolinbroughtbigchangestotheirlives.Theword“cello”inthepassageismostprobably___________.A.amusicalinstrumentB.anexpertinmusicC.afamousmusicianD.amusicprogram10.Inthe1880s,newinventionsbegantochangephotography（攝影）.Photographerscouldbuyfilmsready-madeinrolls(卷).Sotheydidnothavetomakethefilmthemselves.Also,theydidnothavetoprocessthefilmrightaway.Theycouldbringitbacktotheirworkroomsanddevelopitlater.Theword“film”appearsseveraltimesinthispassage.Itmostprobablymeans______inChinese.A.鏡頭B.膠片C.快門D.電影11.Lucymarriedamanwhoownsabigcompanyandhasmillionsofdollars.Heisreallyafatcat.中文意思_____________12.Peterisverylazyandheneverdoeshishomework.Hecangotoauniversitywhenpigsfly.中文意思_____________13.Oneofsymptoms['s?mpt?mz]causedbythiskindofillnessisahighfever.中文意思_____________14.Inthestrongwind,thebeggarshivered[??iv?d]withtheterriblecold.中文意思_____________15.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipple[?r?pl]spreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.中文意思_____________16.Inolddays,whengirlsfromrichfamiliesweremarriedtotheirhusbands,theyexpectedtobringwiththemselvesalarge