河北省正定中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題WORD版含解析

河北正定中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期第一次月考英語試卷注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡相應(yīng)位置。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑．如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號．回答非選擇題時，將答案書寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡和試卷交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheyprobablydonext?A.Goshopping.B.Takeaholiday.C.Havedinner.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.He’sbusy.B.He’shungry.C.He’sembarrassed.3.Whenisthelibraryopen?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.4.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Trysomewhereelse.BQuitthepresentjob.C.Remainattherestaurant.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Driverandpassenger.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?A.Hotweather.B.Boringtravelplans.C.Shortsummerholidays.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanattheendofthetalk?A.Goingtothepoolisagoodidea.B.Theweatherforecastisnotaccurate.C.Itwillcooldownovertheweekend.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Heisnotlocalhere.B.Heoftenignoresthetrafficrules.C.Hedoesn’tknowthewomanatall.9.Whatwillthewomando?A.Touraroundthecity.B.Buysomethingtodrink.C.Parkhercarsomewhere.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.11.Whendidthetwospeakerslastmeet?A.Abouttwoyearsago.B.Aboutthreeyearsago.C.Aboutfouryearsago.12.WhatdidJackdowhenhewasinBritain?A.HetaughtEnglish.B.Heworkedinacompany.C.Hecontinuedwithhisstudy.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whoisgoingtohavedinnerwiththewoman?A.Paul.B.David.C.Jane.14.Whattroublestheman?A.Theprinterdoesn’twork.B.Hehasnotimetokeepadate.C.Hisclient(客戶)isdifficulttoplease.15.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman’sproblem?A.Itisdemanding.B.Itiseasytohandle.C.Itdoesn’tmakesense.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Getchanged.B.Ringherhusband.C.Callforatechnician.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17Whereisthenewmuseumsituated?A.OnEllisIsland.B.OnLibertyIsland.C.IntheCityofNewYork.18.WhendidtheStatueofLibertyopentothepublic?A.In1954.B.In1892.C.In1886.19.HowmanyvisitorsarepermittedintotheStatueeveryyear?A.About400,000.B.About500,000.C.About900,000.20.Whatcanvisitorsseeinthenewmuseum?A.TheinsidestructureofLadyLiberty.B.ThestatueofthecreatorofLadyLiberty.C.TheconstructingprocessofLadyLiberty.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFourFreeMobileAppstoHelpYouLearnEnglishFasterHaveyourealizedthatyoucanputyoursmartphonetoreallygooduseforlearningEnglish?Hereare4freemobileappsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.HelloEnglishItcoversalltheaspectsoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,translation,grammar,spellings,spokenandreadingskills.ItusesinteractivegamestoteachdifferentEnglishlessonsandoffersnewaudiobooks,latestnews,andbooks.However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch(從零開始).DuolingoIfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromscratch,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.DuolingousesinteractivegamestohelpyoulearnEnglish.Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.LingbeIfyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsinthereal-world,you’llneedLingbe.It’sacommunity-basedappwherepeoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.ItconnectsyouwithrealpeopleoncallwhoarenativeEnglishspeakers.HelloTalkHelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.However,itaddsafewextrafunctionsthatmightinterestyou.Youcanviewtheinformationaboutuserstofindamatchthatinterestsyou.Additionally,youcanalsosendtextandaudiomessages,andevendovideocallswithotherpeople.Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingoandthenuseHelloEnglishtotakefullcommandoverthelanguage.ForfluentspokenEnglishlearners,youcantryoutLingbeorHelloTalk.1.WhatshouldyoualreadyunderstandtouseHelloEnglish?A.Goodreadingandwritingskills.B.Basiclisteningandspeakingtips.C.DifferentEnglishlessonsandbooks.D.UnderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets.2.WhichappisthebestchoiceforanEnglishbeginneratfirst?A.HelloEnglish. B.Duolingo.C.Lingbe. D.HelloTalk.3.WhatcanyoudoonLingbe?A.Readthelatestnews. B.Enjoytheinteractivegames.C.PracticeyourspokenEnglish. D.Talkwithnativespeakersintheflesh.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了四款有利于英語學(xué)習(xí)的免費App?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch(從零開始).”可知，然而，你應(yīng)該已經(jīng)了解了基本的英語結(jié)構(gòu)和字母，因為這個應(yīng)用程序不能幫助你從頭開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。所以要想使用HelloEnglish需要理解基本的英語結(jié)構(gòu)和英語字母，故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.對于初學(xué)者來說，這款應(yīng)用主要幫助你學(xué)習(xí)動詞、短語和句子。和文章最后一段第一句中的Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingo如果你是初學(xué)者，可以從Duolingo開始。可知，初學(xué)者應(yīng)該選Duolingo，故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Ifyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsinthereal-world,you’llneedLingbe.”可知，如果你準(zhǔn)備在現(xiàn)實生活中練習(xí)口語，你需要使用Lingbe。所以在Lingbe上可以練習(xí)口語，故選C項。BOnestrideatatime,TomPanekandhisguidedog,Gus,inchclosertotheirgoal.Thetwohavebeentraininginlocalparksformorethanthreeyearswiththehopesofcompetinginanofficiallong-distancerace.It’sneverbeendonebefore.“I’vebeenrunningmywholelife.Iranonmycross-countryteaminhighschool,andIranasayoungadult,”Paneksaid.Helosthissight25yearsago.“WhenIlostmysightIwastooscaredtorun,”Paneksaid.Asheadjustedtohisblindness,hebeganrunningwithahumanguide,butitwasn’tthesame.“Althoughmanypeoplerunwithrunningclubs,attheendofthedayyou’rerunningyourownrace.Andwhenyou’retiedtoanotherperson,it’snolongeryourownrace.Theindependenceisn’tquitethere,”Paneksaid.Twoyearsago,PanekbecametheCEOofGuidingEyesfortheBlind.TheideaofarunningguideprogramwasfirstsuggestedbyRichardHunter,whowasblindandlookingtogetbackintorunning.“Richardshoutedout,‘I’mreallycurious,haveyouevertrainedaguidedogtorun？’AndIsaid,‘Idon’tknow.Ithasn’tbeendone,’”Paneksaid.Afewmonthsandintensetrainingsessionslater,therunningguideprogramwasborn.PanekandasmallteamhelpedtrainKlinger,aGermanshepherd,toaidHunterwithrunning.Heformedateamofexpertstotrainasmallgroupofdogstorunlongdistances.Thedogsbegintheirtrainingat18monthsold.It’sanexclusiveclub.Outof165graduatedogs,onlyabout12areconsideredraceready.Theteam’sfinaltestwouldbeafive-mileracethroughNewYork’sCentralParkjustoneweekbeforetheNewYorkCityMarathon.ItwasPanek’sandGus’sfirstcompetitiverace.Beforetherace,Panekwasovercomewithemotion,wipingawayhistearsofappreciationtothedogwhogavehimhisindependenceback.“Andcrossingthatfinishline,youknowitwasamomentous(關(guān)鍵的)occasionforme,”Paneksaid.4.HowdidPanekthinkofrunningwithahumanguide?A.Inspiring. B.Challenging.C.Rewarding. D.Disappointing.5.WhatwasHuntercuriousabout?A.Trainingadogguidetorun. B.Gettingbacktorunasablindman.C.Startingarunningguideprogram. D.Runningwithahumanguide.6.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthearticle?A.Dogsarereluctanttorunlongdistances.B.Fewdogsarequalifiedtoguideinrunning.C.Somedogsareborntobeaguideinraces.D.Dogsneedtobetrainedfor18months.7.WhatdoesparticularsignificancethefinaltesthavetoPanek?A.HewonabigprizewithGus’help.B.Hisguidedogwastreatedwellintherace.C.Hegothisindependenceonceagain.D.Herantothefinishinglinewithoutstopping.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。導(dǎo)盲犬想必大家都聽說過，但是你知道可以陪同跑步比賽的導(dǎo)盲犬嗎？短文敘述了盲人湯姆·帕內(nèi)克訓(xùn)練導(dǎo)盲犬以及要導(dǎo)盲犬陪同自己跑步參加馬拉松的故事。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Andwhenyou’retiedtoanotherperson,it’snolongeryourownrace.Theindependenceisn’tquitethere,”Paneksaid.可知，他認(rèn)為有人和他一起跑還是使自己沒有了獨立性，因此推斷他認(rèn)為和導(dǎo)盲人員一起跑步這件事是令人掃興的。故選D項。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“I’mreallycurious,haveyouevertrainedaguidedogtorun？”可知，我很好奇，你曾經(jīng)訓(xùn)練過導(dǎo)盲犬和你一起跑步嗎？所以Hunter對于能夠訓(xùn)練導(dǎo)盲犬來陪著盲人一起賽跑，感到有興趣。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Outof165graduatedogs,onlyabout12areconsideredraceready.可知，在165只畢業(yè)的狗狗中，只有12只被認(rèn)為可以參加比賽。所以只有少數(shù)的狗，可以被訓(xùn)練好，有資格參加比賽。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Beforetherace,Panekwasovercomewithemotion,wipingawayhistearsofappreciationtothedogwhogavehimhisindependenceback.可知，他激動得哭泣，因為在狗的幫助下他重新獲得了獨立性。所以最后的測試對panek有特別的意義是他重新獲得了獨立性。故選C項。CBellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.Specifically,bellyfatwaslinkedwithlowervolumesofgraymatter,thebraintissuethatcontainsnervecell.“Ourresearchlookedatalargegroupofpeopleandfoundobesity,specificallyaroundthemiddle,maybelinkedwithbraindiminution,”leadstudyauthorMarkHamer,aprofessoratLoughboroughUniversity’sSchoolofSport,ExerciseandHealthSciencesinLeicestershire,England,saidinastatement.Lowerbrainvolume,orbraindiminution,hasbeenlinkedwithanincreasedriskofmemorydecline.Thenewfindings,publishedinthejournalNeurology,suggestthatthecombinationofobesity(asmeasuredbybodymassindex,orBMI)andahighwaist-to-hipratiomaybeariskfactorforbraindiminution,theresearcherssaid.However,thestudyfoundonlyanassociationbetweenbellyfatandlowerbrainvolume,andcannotprovethatcarryingmorefataroundthewaistactuallycausesbraindiminution.Itcouldbethatpeoplewithlowervolumesofgraymatterincertainbrainareasareatahigherriskofobesity.Futurestudiesareneededtofindoutthereasonsforthelink.Alimitationofthestudyisthatpeoplewhoagreedtotakepartinthestudytendedtobehealthierthanpeoplewhodidnotwanttotakepart,sotheresultsmaynotapplytothegeneralpopulationasawhole,theresearchersnoted.8.Whatdoesthewaist-to-hipratiorefertointhetext?A.Ameasureofbellyfat. B.Acalculationofbodyweight.C.Abraintissuewithnervecells. D.Anevaluationofbrainvolume.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminution”inparagraph3mean?A.Risk. B.Decrease. C.Development. D.Recovery.10.Whatdoesthetextmainlywanttotellus?A.Bellyfatmaybeharmfultotheheart. B.Bellyfatcontributestobittermemories.C.Bellyfatresultsfromlowernervecells. D.Bellyfatisrelatedtolowerbrainvolume.11.Whatcanweinferfromtheresearch?A.Bellyfatisthecauseofbraindiminution.B.Goodgeneralhealthisimportantforgoodbrainhealth.C.Unhealthypeopleareactiveintakingpartinthestudy.D.Graymattermayinfluencethebraintissuethatcontainsnervecells.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)腹部肥胖與腦容量變小是相關(guān)聯(lián)的，介紹研究開展的過程以及其局限性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.(長期以來，腹部脂肪一直被認(rèn)為對心臟特別有害，但現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究提供了更多的證據(jù)，證明它可能對大腦也有害)”以及第二段“Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.Specifically,bellyfatwaslinkedwithlowervolumesofgraymatter,thebraintissuethatcontainsnervecell.(這項來自英國的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與保持健康體重的人相比，肥胖且腰臀比高的人平均腦容量略低。具體來說，腹部脂肪與更少的灰質(zhì)有關(guān)，灰質(zhì)是包含神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的腦組織)”可知，腰臀比是一種腹部肥胖的測量指數(shù)。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.(這項來自英國的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與保持健康體重的人相比，肥胖且腰臀比高的人平均腦容量略低)”以及畫線詞后文“Lowerbrainvolume,orbraindiminution,hasbeenlinkedwithanincreasedriskofmemorydecline.(更小的腦容量，或大腦的縮小，與記憶力下降的風(fēng)險增加有關(guān))”可知，腹部肥胖可能與腦容量減少有關(guān)，故畫線詞意思是“減少”。A.Risk.風(fēng)險；B.Decrease.減少；C.Development.發(fā)展；D.Recovery.恢復(fù)。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thenewfindings,publishedinthejournalNeurology,suggestthatthecombinationofobesity(asmeasuredbybodymassindex,orBMI)andahighwaist-to-hipratiomaybeariskfactorforbraindiminution,theresearcherssaid.However,thestudyfoundonlyanassociationbetweenbellyfatandlowerbrainvolume,andcannotprovethatcarryingmorefataroundthewaistactuallycausesbraindiminution.Itcouldbethatpeoplewithlowervolumesofgraymatterincertainbrainareasareatahigherriskofobesity.Futurestudiesareneededtofindoutthereasonsforthelink.(研究人員說，發(fā)表在《神經(jīng)學(xué)》雜志上的新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，肥胖（以體重指數(shù)（BMI）衡量）和高腰臀比可能是大腦萎縮的危險因素。然而，這項研究只發(fā)現(xiàn)了腹部脂肪和腦容量小之間的聯(lián)系，并不能證明腰部脂肪過多會導(dǎo)致大腦萎縮。這可能是因為大腦某些區(qū)域灰質(zhì)含量較低的人患肥胖癥的風(fēng)險較高。未來的研究需要找出這種聯(lián)系的原因)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)腹部肥胖與腦容量變小是相關(guān)聯(lián)的，介紹研究開展的過程以及其局限性?？芍?，文章主要想告訴我們腹部肥胖與腦容量變小是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Bellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.(長期以來，腹部脂肪一直被認(rèn)為對心臟特別有害，但現(xiàn)在，一項新的研究提供了更多的證據(jù)，證明它可能對大腦也有害)”可知，肥胖影響心臟和大腦，所以良好的身體健康對大腦健康非常重要。故選B。DIfyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggers(慢跑者)andnon-joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogataproperpacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(動脈).Overtime,thiscancauseseriouseffects.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy(壽命),joggingafewtimesaweekataproperpaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplications(暗示)ofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironmanevents,triathlonsandlong-distancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon'tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch”.12.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplace“strenuous”inParagraph1?A.regular B.hard C.practical D.limited13.Whydoestheauthorpresentsthefigures(數(shù)字)inParagraph2?A.Tosuggestgivingupjogging B.ToshowrisksofdoingsportsC.Toprovidesupportiveevidence D.Tointroducetheresearchcontent14.Accordingtothescientists,whyistoomuchexerciseharmful?A.Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries. B.Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C.Itwillbringmuchpressure. D.Itconsumestoomuchenergy.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Noexerciseatallisthebestchoice. B.Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C.Marathonsrunnersareleastlikelytodie. D.Toostrenuousexerciseisnobetterthannone【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是議論文。研究表明那些從事的劇烈運動的人和根本不做運動的人死亡概率一樣，這是因為劇烈運動會損害我們的心臟和動脈。適度的運動才有助于我們的健康?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。第一段“Ifyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock（如果你認(rèn)為跑馬拉松能幫助你過上健康長壽的生活，一項新的研究可能會讓你大吃一驚可知）”，人們一般認(rèn)為馬拉松會幫助我們過上健康長壽的生活，但新的研究結(jié)果不是這樣。那些從事的strenuousworkout人和根本不做運動的人死亡可能性一樣?？梢酝茰y“runningmarathons”是屬于“strenuous運動”再根據(jù)第二段“becausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries因為劇烈運動會引起心臟和動脈的結(jié)構(gòu)變化。”可推測，strenuousexercise是指劇烈運動。strenuous意為“高強(qiáng)度的，劇烈的，強(qiáng)烈的”。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段中“Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers研究表明每周慢跑超過三次或時速超過7英里的人死亡率與非慢跑者相同，呈現(xiàn)研究數(shù)據(jù)提供證據(jù)，證明文章第一段提出的觀點：做非常劇烈運動的人和根本不做運動的人死亡可能性一樣。故選C項。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(動脈).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries（科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這是因為劇烈運動會導(dǎo)致心臟和動脈的結(jié)構(gòu)改變。隨著時間的推移，這會造成嚴(yán)重的傷害。）”可知，運動過度可能會損傷我們的心臟和動脈。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful”更多的東西不僅是不必要的,而且可能是有害的和第四段JacobLouisMarott的觀點“Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch”也許你實際上不應(yīng)該做太多。可知，如果目標(biāo)是降低死亡風(fēng)險和延長壽命，以適當(dāng)?shù)乃俣让恐苈軒状问呛线m的，不應(yīng)該做太多的運動。適度的運動才對我們的健康有好處。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Therearemorethan7billionpeopleonEarth.Imaginewhatwillhappenifeachofusdecidestodoonething—nomatterhowsmall—toprotectwildlifeeveryday.___16___.Herearewaysyoucanmakeadifference.RaiseananimalFromwildanimalstowildplaces,there’sachoiceforeveryone.GettogetherwithclassmatestoraiseananimalfromawildlifeorganizationsuchastheWorldWildFundforNature.___17___.Dosomevolunteerwork___18___.Manyorganizationsandzooshavevolunteerprograms.Youcanhelpcleanbeaches,rescuewildanimalsorteachvisitors.Zoos,nationalparksandwildlifeprotectionareasareallhometowildanimals.Learnmoreaboutourplanet’sspeciesfromexperts.SeeEarth’smostamazingcreaturesupclose.SpeakupandjoinShareyourconcernforwildlifeprotectionwithyourfamily.___19___.Askeveryoneyouknowtodowhattheycantostopwildlifetrafficking(非法交易).Whetheryou’reintoprotectingnaturallivingplacesorpreventingwildlifetrafficking,findtheorganizationandtakepart.Becomeamember.Activelysupporttheorganizationofyourchoice.___20___Findnewwaystousethingsyoualreadyown.Ifyoucan’treusethem,recycle.TheMinnesotaZooencouragescustomerstorecyclemobilephonestocutdownaneedforthemineralcoltan(鈳鉭鐵礦),whichisminedfromlowlandgorillas’livingplaces.A.DevelopahabitofrecyclingB.TrytorecycleanythinginyourlifeC.TellyourfriendshowtheycanhelpD.Ifyoudon’thavemoneytogive,offeryourtimeE.ItisasmallandeasyactionbutofgreatimportanceF.EvenlittleactionscanhaveamajorinfluencewhenwealldosomethingG.Ifyouarebusywithyourworkorstudying,encourageotherstodoitforyou【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.C20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。地球上有70多億人。想象一下，如果我們每個人決定做一件事——無論多么小——每天保護(hù)野生動物，將會發(fā)生什么。文章主要介紹了一些可以保護(hù)野生動物的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Imaginewhatwillhappenifeachofusdecidestodoonething—nomatterhowsmall—toprotectwildlifeeveryday.(想象一下，如果我們每個人每天都決定做一件事——無論多小——來保護(hù)野生動物，會發(fā)生什么)”由此可知，上文提到了無論多小的行動也可以帶來影響，本句承接上文說明，上文中nomatterhowsmall可對應(yīng)到F選項中l(wèi)ittleactions。故F選項“即使是很小的行動也會對我們所有人的行動產(chǎn)生重大影響”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】本句為本段最后一句，有總結(jié)上文的作用，結(jié)合上文“GettogetherwithclassmatestoraiseananimalfromawildlifeorganizationsuchastheWorldWildFundforNature.(和同學(xué)們聚在一起，從世界自然野生基金會等野生動物組織那里養(yǎng)一只動物)”由此可知，本句總結(jié)上文，說明領(lǐng)養(yǎng)動物這一行為的意義是我們能夠做小小的事情支持野生動物保護(hù)。故E選項“這是一個小而容易的行動，但很重要”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Manyorganizationsandzooshavevolunteerprograms.Youcanhelpcleanbeaches,rescuewildanimalsorteachvisitors.(許多組織和動物園都有志愿者計劃。你可以幫助清潔海灘，拯救野生動物或教游客相關(guān)知識)”由此可知，后文提到了投身志愿者計劃也可以幫助野生動物，同時列舉了一系列需要花時間去做的活動，說明本句啟示后文，指出沒有錢，還可以拿出時間，參加保護(hù)野生動物的志愿者活動。故D選項“如果你沒有錢，那就拿出你的時間”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Shareyourconcernforwildlifeprotectionwithyourfamily.(和你的家人分享你對野生動物保護(hù)的關(guān)心)”以及后文“Askeveryoneyouknowtodowhattheycantostopwildlifetrafficking(非法交易).(請所有你認(rèn)識的人盡他們所能阻止野生動物交易)”由此可知，本句承上啟下說明，如何向周圍的人宣傳保護(hù)野生動物，上文提到了家人，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是告訴朋友他們能幫上什么忙，故C選項“告訴你的朋友他們能幫上什么忙”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】本空是段落小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Findnewwaystousethingsyoualreadyown.Ifyoucan’treusethem,recycle.(找到新的方法來使用你已經(jīng)擁有的東西。如果你不能再利用它們，就回收利用)”由此可知，本段主要提倡循環(huán)利用。后文中recycle可對應(yīng)到A選項中recycling。故A選項“養(yǎng)成回收利用的習(xí)慣”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Akingoncewenttoamaster(大師).Hewantedtobecomemorepowerfulthanother___21___kings.Hesatinfrontofthemasterand___22___tellinghimthepurposeofhisvisit.Themasterlistened___23___totheking.Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___24___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏樹)plantweregrowingsidebyside.Hetoldtheking,“Theyareyourteachers.Theycanteachyouwhatyouwantto___25___.”Thekingwentintothegarden,and___26___thetwoplantsbutcouldnotunderstandwhathecouldlearnfromthem.Hewentbacktothemasterandasked,“Whatdoyou___27___,master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”Themastertookthekingtotheplantsand___28___,“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant.___29___,theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant.Ifmanhadbeenthecypressplant,hewouldhavecomparedhimselfwiththeroseandfeltjealous(忌妒的)atthe___30___thatthebeautifulroseplantwasgettingfromallthepeople.___31___,ifmanweretheroseplant,hewouldhave___32___thecypressplantenviously(羨慕地)thinkinghow___33___theplantwaswithoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday!Bothoftheplantsgrewverywellbecausethey___34___alltheirenergyfortheirown___35___insteadofusingittocompetewiththeother.”21.A.rich B.handsome C.western D.neighboring22.A.forgot B.continued C.started D.suggested23.A.patiently B.angrily C.happily D.worriedly24.A.valley B.bank C.garden D.forest25.A.design B.learn C.build D.notice26.A.saw B.smelt C.noticed D.heard27.A.hear B.find C.say D.mean28.A.ordered B.explained C.asked D.requested29.A.Similarly B.Frequently C.Finally D.Luckily30.A.pack B.pay C.attention D.message31.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Or32.A.lookedat B.waitedfor C.calledon D.listenedto33.A.heavy B.useful C.peaceful D.poor34.A.lost B.used C.lent D.received35.A.growth B.opinion C.fun D.victory【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位國王，他想要比臨國的國王更強(qiáng)大，于是向一位大師求助。大師通過玫瑰和柏樹和平相處的例子讓國王明白，要把精力放在本國的發(fā)展上，不要互相攀比?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他想變得比其他鄰國的國王更強(qiáng)大。A.rich富有的；B.handsome英俊的；C.western西方的；D.neighboring臨近的。根據(jù)后文“wherearoseplantandacypress(柏樹)plantweregrowingsidebyside”可知，大師用毗鄰生長的柏樹和玫瑰為例向國王進(jìn)行勸說，可推斷這個國王是想比鄰國的國王更加強(qiáng)大。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他坐在大師面前，開始告訴大師他來訪的目的。A.forgot忘記；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.started開始；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)后文“Themasterlistened___3___totheking”可知，此時大師在傾聽國王講述，可推斷國王坐下之后開始講自己的目的。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：大師耐心地聽國王說話。A.patiently耐心地；B.angrily生氣地；C.happily開心地；D.worriedly擔(dān)憂地。根據(jù)后文“Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___4___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏樹)plantweregrowingsidebyside.”可知，大師的態(tài)度很平靜，沒有生氣或者開心或者擔(dān)憂，可推斷大師耐心地聽完了國王的講述。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他告訴國王去花園，那里有一株玫瑰和一株柏樹并排生長。A.valley峽谷；B.bank河堤；C.garden花園；D.forest森林。根據(jù)后文“Thekingwentintothegarden”可知，大師告訴國王去的地方是花園。故填C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它們可以教你想學(xué)的東西。A.design設(shè)計；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.build建造；D.notice注意到。根據(jù)后文“butcouldnotunderstandwhathecouldlearnfromthem”可知，大師讓國王從柏樹和玫瑰身上學(xué)習(xí)他想學(xué)的東西。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：國王走進(jìn)花園，看到了兩棵植物，但不知道他能從它們身上學(xué)到什么。A.saw看見；B.smelt聞到；C.noticed注意到；D.heard聽到。根據(jù)前文“Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___4___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏樹)plantweregrowingsidebyside.”可知，大師讓國王去花園找玫瑰和柏樹，所以國王是帶著目的去的，不是無意中注意到，而是走進(jìn)花園然后看到了這兩顆植物。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：什么意思，大師?A.hear聽見；B.find發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.say說；D.mean意味著，意思是。根據(jù)后文“Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，國王不能理解大師的深意，所以去而復(fù)返詢問大師是什么意思。故選D項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大師帶國王到植物旁解釋說。A.ordered命令；B.explained解釋；C.asked問；D.requested要求。根據(jù)前文“Whatdoyou___7___,master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，國王不懂大師的意思，所以大師帶國王到植物旁進(jìn)行解說。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣，玫瑰也從未想過要變成柏樹。A.Similarly相似地，同樣地；B.Frequently經(jīng)常；C.Finally最終；D.Luckily幸運地。根據(jù)前文“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant”可知，柏樹從沒有想過成為玫瑰；根據(jù)后文“theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant”可知，玫瑰也從未想過成為柏樹，可推斷柏樹和玫瑰都是一樣的做法。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果人類是柏樹，他一定會把自己和玫瑰作比較，看到美麗的玫瑰受到人們的關(guān)注，他會感到嫉妒。A.pack包裹；B.pay工資，薪水；C.attention注意力；D.message信息。根據(jù)后文“theplantwaswithoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，玫瑰每天被人欣賞關(guān)注，獲得了人們的注意。故選C項?！?1題詳解】考查副詞和連詞詞義辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他會羨慕地看著柏樹，想這棵樹是多么平靜，沒有整天被人打擾的煩惱！A.Besides除此之外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Or或者。此處大師是做了兩種假設(shè)，一種是如果人是柏樹，另一種是如果人是玫瑰，兩種假設(shè)用or連接起來。故選D項。【32題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他會羨慕地看著柏樹，想這棵樹是多么平靜，沒有整天被人打擾的煩惱！A.lookedat看著；B.waitedfor等待；C.calledon號召；D.listenedto傾聽。根據(jù)前文“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.”可知，柏樹和玫瑰是鄰居，所以此處表達(dá)的是玫瑰看著柏樹，生出羨慕之意。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他會羨慕地看著柏樹，想這棵樹是多么平靜，沒有整天被人打擾的煩惱！A.heavy繁重的；B.useful有用的；C.peaceful平靜的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)后文“withoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，柏樹沒人打擾，所以過著平靜的生活。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩種植物都長得很好，因為它們把所有的精力都用于自己的生長，而不是用來與其他植物競爭。A.lost丟失；B.used使用；C.lent借出；D.received收到。根據(jù)后文“insteadofusingittocompetewiththeother”可知，此處是指這兩種植物用所有的精力促進(jìn)自己生長。故選B項。35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩種植物都長得很好，因為它們把所有的精力都用于自己的生長，而不是用來與其他植物競爭。A.growth生長；B.opinion觀點；C.fun樂趣；D.victory勝利。根據(jù)前文“Bothoftheplantsgrewverywell”可知，他們長得好的原因是把精力都用在了自我的成長上。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Learning_____36_____newlanguageisnoteasy,butaChineseinWashingtonD.C.saysheknowshowtomakeitless____37____(difficulty).LiLei,teachingChinesetochildren,says,“ThemagickeytoLicametoWashingtonD.C.throughtheStateDepartment’sTeachersofCriticalLanguageProgramme,whichbrin