2020-2021學年新疆烏魯木齊二十中高一（下）期末英語試卷

第1頁（共1頁）2020-2021學年新疆烏魯木齊二十中高一（下）期末英語試卷一、單項填空(共14小題；每小題1分，滿分14分)1．（1分）Maryoftenargues________herfriends________smallthingsangrily，whichsometimesmakesthemveryunhappy．（）A．with；for B．with；about C．to；for D．to；about2．（1分）Atpresent，oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewairport________thatitwillgoingalotjobstothearea．（）A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．willbe D．were3．（1分）﹣I'dliketogotothecinemawithyou，Dad．﹣Sorry，butthefilmis_______foradultsonly．（）A．promised B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．permitted D．intended4．（1分）Amythoughtitwas__________toreadEnglishnewspaperseverydaysoshesubscribedto（訂閱）the21stCentury．（）A．worth B．worthwhile C．worthless D．worthy5．（1分）Itwasoverthecity________UFOappearedagain.（）A．that B．when C．where D．which6．（1分）Theirclass________muchlargerthanoursandtheirclass________fondofdancingandsinging.（）A．is；are B．a(chǎn)re；is C．a(chǎn)re；are D．is；is7．（1分）﹣﹣Doyoufeellikedrivingout？﹣﹣No.I'dratherwe________ataxi.（）A．take B．taking C．havetaken D．took8．（1分）﹣﹣Youarenotyourself.What'sthematterwithyou？﹣﹣Ihavefailedintheexperiment.I___nothavingfollowedmyteacher'sadvice.（）A．refer B．intend C．respect D．regret9．（1分）Itisrequiredthatallthevehiclecompaniesshould___theircarswithsafetybelts.（）A．a(chǎn)ssociate B．equip C．relate D．feed10．（1分）It'sreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_______energyasthewholeofEurope．（）A．a(chǎn)stwice B．twicemuch C．twicemuchas D．twiceasmuch11．（1分）I'mstartingmySpringFestivalvacationonBoracayIsland，________Icanenjoyfreshandcleanairfromthesea.（）A．that B．which C．where D．when12．（1分）Withournewteacher________us，wehavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.（）A．help B．helping C．tobehelped D．helped13．（1分）Thechildrenwereall______aftertheysawthe______film.（）A．inspired；inspiring B．inspired；inspired C．inspiring；inspired D．inspiring；inspiring14．（1分）Youmusthave________whatIsaidbecauseIdidn'texpectyoutodoso.（）A．misused B．misled C．misunderstood D．minded二、閱讀理解(共2小題；每小題8分，滿分16分)15．（8分）Nearlyallourfoodcomesfromthesoil.Someofuseatmeat，ofcourse，butanimalsliveonplants.Iftherewerenoplants，wewouldhavenoanimalsandnomeat.Sothesoilisverynecessaryforlife.Thetopofthegroundisusuallycoveredwithgrassorotherplants.Theremaybedeadleavesanddeadplantsonthegrass.Thewastematter（糞）fromanimalsalsofallsonit.Allsoilneedsfood.Ifwedonotgiveitany，theplantswillbeweak.Farmersfoundthatanimals'wasteisthebestfoodforthesoil，butchemicalfertilizers（化肥）arealsoveryuseful.Thesamecropshouldnotbegrowninthesameplaceeveryyear；it'sbettertohaveadifferentcrop.Achangeofcropandtheuseofagoodfertilizerwillkeepthelandgood.（1）Whatwouldhappenfirstwithoutplants？A.Peoplewouldhavemorecrops.B.Animalswoulddie.C.Therewouldbemorefood.D.Therewouldbelesssoil.（2）Whatdoesthewritertellusinthefirstparagraph？A.Leaves，plants，grassandwasteliveoneachother.B.Therewouldbenoanimalswithoutmeat.C.Therewouldbenoplantswithoutanimals.D.People，animals，plantsandsoilliveoneachother.（3）Whichisthebestfoodforsoilinthefield？A.Chemicalfertilizers.B.Plantsandgrass.C.Animals'waste.D.Differentcrops.（4）Whydoweoftengrowadifferentcropinthesameplaceeveryyear？A.Becausewecankeepthesoilrichthisway.B.Becausewedon'thaveenoughland.C.Becausewewanttohaveadifferentfood.D.Becausewedothisasahabit.16．（8分）Foranypersonwhomustspeakinpublic，tobusinessorpleasuregroups，humorisahelpfulandnecessarytoolforgettingyourmessageacross.Whydoeshumorworkalot？Thereareseveralreasons.Peoplewillenjoywhatyouhavetosayifitispresentedwithhumor.But，moreimportantly，ifyouareinasituationwhereimportant，andperhapscontroversial（有爭議的），ideasmustbepresentedtolessthanopenminds，humorallowsthoseideastobepresentedinanonthreatening（無威脅的）manner.AbrahamLincolnwasfamousforhisabilitytorelatehumorousstoriestomakeapoint.Humorusedcarefullythroughoutapresentationwillalsokeepthelisteners'interesthigh.Inaword，individualslearninghowtousehumorintheirspeechescanstrengthenarguments，supportinterestingpresentationsand，mostofall，entertaintheiraudienceinapositiveandcomfortableway.Whilepopularculturemaywellholdmanykindsofhumor，someofithasnoplaceinpresentationsthataredesignedtoeducateandencouragetheaudience.Ifyouwanttobecomeaprofessionalexcellentcomedianwhosegoalis100%entertainment，thenyoumaybeabletousesomeofthereferencematerialslikeTheArtofUsingHumorinPublicSpeaking.Theycanhelpyoudevelopyourskillsandsourcesofhumor.Tothatend，yourparticipationinthisstudyofhumorwillbecomenecessary.Hopefully，youwillcometoappreciatethespecialdifficultyofentertainingtheaudiencewithgoodandcleanhumor.（1）Howmanyreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforusinghumor？A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.（2）What'sthepurposeofexcellentcomedians？A.Toeducatetheaudience.B.Toencouragetheaudience.C.Toentertaintheaudience.D.Toexchangewiththeaudience.（3）WhydidtheauthorsuggestreadingTheArtofUsingHumorinPublicSpeaking？A.Itwasgoodfortrainingone'sskillsofhumor.B.Ithelpedthereadersrelaxafterwork.C.Itgavesometipsonhowtoliveapositivelife.D.Itwasatextbookforprofessionalexcellentcomedians.（4）Whichofthefollowinghasasimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword"end"inthelastparagraph？A.finishingB.conclusionC.stopD.result三、七選五(共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分)17．（10分）HowtomaketruefriendsWhetheryourfriendshiplastsforaseasonoralifetime，herearesomewaystomaketruefriends.Befriendlytopeople.Youractionsshouldshowthemthatyouareatruefriendand，inreturn，theywillprobablybeatruefriendtoyouaswell.（1）Youcan'texpectsomeonetobeatruefriendifyou'renotatruefriend.（2）Althoughlifechangesmayseparateyou，youcancalleachotheronthephone，visiteachother，writeletters，sendcards，andcommunicateonlinethroughemailandsocialnetworkingsites.Findfriendswithsomesimilarinterests.Youdon'thavetohaveeverythingincommon，butitwouldbehelpfulifyouhadsomethingsincommon.（3）Learnthedifferencebetweengoodfriendsandbadfriends.（4）Theyarealwayshonestwithyouandtheydon'tdothingstohurtyou.Badfriendsarethosewhodonotseemtovaluethefriendship.Theymayneverbethereforyouwhenyouneedthemordothingsthatarehurtfultoyou.（5）Onceyourecognizethedifferencesingoodfriendsandbadfriends，decidewhichfriendsyouwanttostayconnectedwithandwhichonesyou'rebetteroffwithout.Thefriendswhowillstickwithyouthroughgoodtimesandbadtimesaretruefriends.Letthemknowthatyouappreciateyourfriendshipandbesuretostayatruefriendtothem.A.Chooseyourfriendscarefully.B.Keepintouchwitheachother.C.Acceptyourfriendsforwhotheyare.D.Youhavetotreatpeoplethewayyouwanttobetreated.E.Showyourrespecttoyourfriendsnomatterwhathappens.F.Goodfriendsarethosewhoarethereforyouwhenyouneedthem.G.Havingthingsincommongivesyousomeonetoshareandenjoydoingsomethingtogether.四、完形填空(共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。18．（30分）Iwenttoagroupactivity，"SensitivitySunday"，whichwastomakeusmore（1）theproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.Wewereaskedto"（2）adisability"forseveralhoursoneSunday.Somemembers，（3）chosetousewheelchairs.Othersworesoundblockingearplugs（耳塞）orblindfolds（眼罩）.Justsittinginthewheelchairwasa（4）experience.Ihadneverconsideredbeforehow（5）itwouldbetouseone.AssoonasIsatdown，my（6）madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot（7）.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy（8）.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto（9）.Itookmyfirstuneasylookatwhatwastobemyonlymeansof（10）forseveralhours.Fordisabledpeople，"adoptingawheelchair"isnotatemporary（臨時的）（11）.Itriedtofinda（12）positionandthoughtitmightberestful，（13）kindofnice，tobe（14）aroundforawhile.Lookingaround，I（15）wouldhavetohandlethethingmyself!MyhandsstartedtoacheasI（16）theheavymetalwheels.Icametoknowthatcontrollingthe（17）ofthewheelchairwasnotgoingtobea（n）（18）task.Mywheelchairexperimentwassoon（19）.Itmadeadeepimpressiononme.Afewhoursof"disability"gavemeonlyatasteofthe（20），bothphysicalandmental，thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.（1）A.curiousaboutB.interestedinC.awareofD.carefulwith（2）A.cureB.preventC.adoptD.analyze（3）A.insteadB.strangelyC.asusualD.likeme（4）A.learningB.workingC.satisfyingD.relaxing（5）A.convenientB.awkwardC.boringD.exciting（6）A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight（7）A.lockedB.repairedC.poweredD.grasped（8）A.handsB.feetC.keysD.handles（9）A.placeB.actionC.playD.effect（10）A.operationB.communicationC.transportationD.production（11）A.explorationB.educationC.experimentD.entertainment（12）A.flexibleB.safeC.startingD.comfortable（13）A.yetB.justC.stillD.even（14）A.shownB.pushedC.drivenD.guided（15）A.realizedB.suggestedC.agreedD.admitted（16）A.liftedB.turnedC.pressedD.seized（17）A.pathB.positionC.directionD.way（18）A.easyB.heavyC.majorD.extra（19）A.forgottenB.repeatedC.conductedD.finished（20）A.weaknessesB.challengesC.anxietiesD.illnesses五、短語填空(共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分)19．（10分）A.searchedforB.leadtoC.ThankstoD.keep…freefromE.getrid…ofF.comeacrossG.lookeddownuponH.onthecontraryI.islikelytoJ.bychance（1）Besuretoyourchildcomputergames（2）Whenyousomethingimportant，writeitdown.（3）Shecomebyairtonight，butI'mnotsure.（4）Heneverforgetsthosedayswhenhewasbythoserudeguys.（5）She'stryingtoherselfadependenceondrugs.（6）I'vemyglasseseverywhere，butwithoutluck.（7）Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenillness.（8）hiseffort，itismoresuccessfulthanwehaveexpected.（9）Weallthinkthathelikeshisnewjob，but，hedoesn't.（10）Shemetafriendyesterdaywhileshoppinginthesupermarket.六、單詞拼寫（根據(jù)漢語提示或者首字母大寫，寫出正確單詞形式）10分20．（1分）Hiskind（行為）waspraisedbymanypeople.21．（1分）Theoldmanusuallylikesto（觀察）thesunriseandset.22．（1分）Ican't（作出評論）onyourdecisionbutyou'dbetterconsideritagainbeforeyoustartyourproject．23．（1分）Youcanselectfivethingsthatr（代表）Chineseculture.24．（1分）AsI（靠近）thehouse，Inoticedalightonupstairs．25．（1分）Doyoulikethetsongofthisfilm？26．（1分）Hehasenoughcouragetoothedifficulty．（克服）27．（1分）Thearmymanagedtod（抵御）ourcountryagainstattack．28．（1分）Iboughtthecoatbecauseitspricewasrby40%．29．（1分）Themonkeyissitselffromtreetotree.七、書面表達(滿分10分)30．（10分）今天早晨你注意到你的朋友杰克很難過，好像哭過。你詢問他時，他低下了頭。這讓你自己也感到不快樂。請根據(jù)下面要點給他寫一封電子郵件，表達以下內(nèi)容。1．詢問杰克不高興的原因：是同學之間的誤解還是英語口語考試的失敗讓自己感到難過？2．提出你愿意提供幫助，并建議消除壞情緒的最好方法是學會與朋友共同承擔。詞數(shù)：100左右。

2020-2021學年新疆烏魯木齊二十中高一（下）期末英語試卷參考答案與試題解析一、單項填空(共14小題；每小題1分，滿分14分)1．（1分）Maryoftenargues________herfriends________smallthingsangrily，whichsometimesmakesthemveryunhappy．（）A．with；for B．with；about C．to；for D．to；about【分析】瑪麗經(jīng)常和她的朋友們激烈地爭論一些小事，有時會讓他們非常不開心．【解答】答案：B主要考查介詞搭配．a(chǎn)rguewithsbaboutsth和某人爭論某事．故選：B?！军c評】此題考查介詞用法，注意固定介詞短語搭配．2．（1分）Atpresent，oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewairport________thatitwillgoingalotjobstothearea．（）A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．willbe D．were【分析】目前，其中一個支持新機場機場營建的因素便是新機場能給這片地區(qū)帶來許多工作崗位．【解答】答案：A．結(jié)合句意可知本句陳述一個事實，根據(jù)atpresent＝now可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時．【點評】本題考查時態(tài)的用法，首先要找出標志性的時間狀語，根據(jù)時間狀語確定正確時態(tài)．3．（1分）﹣I'dliketogotothecinemawithyou，Dad．﹣Sorry，butthefilmis_______foradultsonly．（）A．promised B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．permitted D．intended【分析】﹣﹣我想和你去電影院，爸爸．﹣﹣對不起，但是電影只適合成年人看．【解答】答案：D．根據(jù)句意可知這里使用短語beintendedfor意圖是為了…，promise答應(yīng)；admit承認；permit允許，都不符合句意．故選D．【點評】本題考查動詞詞義辨析，考生在平時的學習中應(yīng)注意積累相應(yīng)的詞匯和搭配，并牢記其意思．在做題時，將詞義和題干相結(jié)合，從語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是句意上去判斷，句意通順，符合邏輯，即正確答案．4．（1分）Amythoughtitwas__________toreadEnglishnewspaperseverydaysoshesubscribedto（訂閱）the21stCentury．（）A．worth B．worthwhile C．worthless D．worthy【分析】Amy認為每天讀英文報是值得的，所以她訂閱了二十一世紀報．【解答】答案是B．考查形容詞的辨析．Aworth"值得"，后面跟名詞，動名詞或者錢；Bworthwhile"值得"，往往用于itisworthwhiletodo/doing結(jié)構(gòu)中；Cworthless"沒價值的"；Dworthy"值得"，用法有beworthyofdoing/n或者beworthytobedone．句意是：Amy認為每天讀英文報是值得的，所以她訂閱了二十一世紀報．故選：B。【點評】解答此類問題首先需要理解每個單詞的基本含義，并注意交叉含義間的區(qū)別，了解其特殊用法及習慣搭配等特點，然后結(jié)合語境選擇正確答案．5．（1分）Itwasoverthecity________UFOappearedagain.（）A．that B．when C．where D．which【分析】就是在城市上空，不明飛行物又出現(xiàn)了。【解答】答案：A。本題考查強調(diào)句型。本句話中把"Itwas，________"去掉，剩余部分句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整，因此這個句子是強調(diào)句。強調(diào)句型是英語中的一種重要的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，它可以強調(diào)除謂語以外的其它成分，基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis（was）+被強調(diào)部分+that（強調(diào)部分是人時也可用who）+其他成分。故選：A?！军c評】強調(diào)句型的考查應(yīng)掌握基本用法和判斷標準，同時應(yīng)注意一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)句型。6．（1分）Theirclass________muchlargerthanoursandtheirclass________fondofdancingandsinging.（）A．is；are B．a(chǎn)re；is C．a(chǎn)re；are D．is；is【分析】他們班比我們班大得多，他們班喜歡跳舞和唱歌?！窘獯稹看鸢福篈.句意：他們班比我們班大得多，他們班喜歡跳舞和唱歌。分析句子可知本句考查主謂一致，第一個class是指的一個班級的集體，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式，第二空是指班級里的成員，謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以A選項符合。故選：A?！军c評】主謂一致是高考的重要考點之一，解決此類題目要找準句子主語，判斷句子主語究竟是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。在英語句子里，謂語受主語支配，其動詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這就叫主謂一致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個原則，即語法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原則。7．（1分）﹣﹣Doyoufeellikedrivingout？﹣﹣No.I'dratherwe________ataxi.（）A．take B．taking C．havetaken D．took【分析】﹣﹣你覺得開車出去怎么樣？﹣﹣不，我寧愿叫輛出租車?！窘獯稹靠疾樘摂M語氣。句意：﹣﹣你覺得開車出去怎么樣？﹣﹣不，我寧愿叫輛出租車。Wouldrather后接虛擬語氣，用動詞的過去式。故選：D?！军c評】考查虛擬語氣，掌握一些虛擬語氣的標志詞是解答此題的關(guān)鍵。8．（1分）﹣﹣Youarenotyourself.What'sthematterwithyou？﹣﹣Ihavefailedintheexperiment.I___nothavingfollowedmyteacher'sadvice.（）A．refer B．intend C．respect D．regret【分析】﹣﹣你不太對勁。你怎么了？﹣﹣我的實驗失敗了。我后悔沒有聽老師的勸告?！窘獯稹看鸢福篋。A.refer參考；涉及；提到；查閱；B.intend想要；打算；C.respect尊敬；尊重；D.regret后悔；遺憾。根據(jù)句意，實驗失敗，因此后悔沒聽老師的勸告。regretdoingsth.后悔做過某事。故選：D?！军c評】本題考查動詞詞義辨析，考生在平時的學習中應(yīng)注意積累相應(yīng)的詞匯和搭配，并牢記其意思。在做題時，將詞義和題干相結(jié)合，從語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是句意上去判斷，句意通順，符合邏輯，即正確答案。9．（1分）Itisrequiredthatallthevehiclecompaniesshould___theircarswithsafetybelts.（）A．a(chǎn)ssociate B．equip C．relate D．feed【分析】要求所有的汽車公司都要在車上安裝安全帶?！窘獯稹看鸢福築。A.associate聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系；將……和……聯(lián)系起來；B.equip配備；裝備；C.relate敘述；使…有聯(lián)系；D.feed喂養(yǎng)；提供。根據(jù)句意，要求所有的汽車公司都要在車上安裝安全帶。equiptheircarswithsafetybelts給他們的車配備上安全帶。故選：B。【點評】本題考查動詞詞義辨析，考生在平時的學習中應(yīng)注意積累相應(yīng)的詞匯和搭配，并牢記其意思。在做題時，將詞義和題干相結(jié)合，從語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是句意上去判斷，句意通順，符合邏輯，即正確答案。10．（1分）It'sreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_______energyasthewholeofEurope．（）A．a(chǎn)stwice B．twicemuch C．twicemuchas D．twiceasmuch【分析】據(jù)報道美國使用的能量是整個歐洲的兩倍．【解答】答案是D．考查倍數(shù)的表達方式之一：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原形+as，表示…是…的多少倍．題干表達的是"據(jù)報道美國使用的能量是整個歐洲的兩倍．"故答案是D．【點評】解答此類問題，首先需要理解題干所要表達的意思，其次是觀察所給選項運用的知識點，結(jié)合語意選擇正確的表達方式．11．（1分）I'mstartingmySpringFestivalvacationonBoracayIsland，________Icanenjoyfreshandcleanairfromthesea.（）A．that B．which C．where D．when【分析】我要在長灘島開始我的春節(jié)假期，在那里我可以從海上享受新鮮和清潔的空氣?！窘獯稹糠治鼍渥涌芍摽仗幩诓糠质且粋€非限定性定語從句，先行詞是BoracayIsland，表地點，該從句主謂賓都有，缺地點狀語，所以填關(guān)系副詞where.故選：C。【點評】熟練掌握定語從句的用法。12．（1分）Withournewteacher________us，wehavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.（）A．help B．helping C．tobehelped D．helped【分析】在新老師的幫助下，我們的英語取得了很大的進步。【解答】分析句子可知，該空處部分是"with+賓語+賓語補足語"結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語，動詞help與邏輯主語ournewteacher是主謂關(guān)系，所以填現(xiàn)在分詞helping.故選：B。【點評】熟練掌握with+復(fù)合賓語的用法。13．（1分）Thechildrenwereall______aftertheysawthe______film.（）A．inspired；inspiring B．inspired；inspired C．inspiring；inspired D．inspiring；inspiring【分析】孩子們看了那部鼓舞人心的電影后都受到了啟發(fā)。【解答】答案：A.inspired是形容詞"感到受鼓舞的"，往往修飾人；inspiring是形容詞"令人鼓舞的"往往修飾物或者是事，句意：孩子們看了那部鼓舞人心的電影后都受到了啟發(fā)。所以A選項符合。故選：A。【點評】本題考查形容詞的詞義辨析。形容詞詞義辨析題一直都是高考考查的一個熱點，它注重考查考生結(jié)合語境準確選用詞語的能力。由于英語詞匯豐富，且用法多變，考生掌握起來有較大難度，因此在平時應(yīng)注意詞匯的積累，理解詞語的含義及其常見的習慣搭配，再聯(lián)系句子所表述的意義和語境，選出正確的答案。14．（1分）Youmusthave________whatIsaidbecauseIdidn'texpectyoutodoso.（）A．misused B．misled C．misunderstood D．minded【分析】你一定誤解了我說的話，因為我沒指望你會這樣做?！窘獯稹看鸢福篋?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。A.misused誤用，濫用；虐待；B.misled使誤入歧途；誤導(dǎo)；C，misunderstood誤解；誤會；D.minded介意。根據(jù)句意"我沒指望你會這樣做"，可知"你一定誤解了我說的話"。故選：C?！军c評】本題考查動詞詞義辨析，考生在平時的學習中應(yīng)注意積累相應(yīng)的詞匯和搭配，并牢記其意思。在做題時，將詞義和題干相結(jié)合，從語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是句意上去判斷，句意通順，符合邏輯，即正確答案。二、閱讀理解(共2小題；每小題8分，滿分16分)15．（8分）Nearlyallourfoodcomesfromthesoil.Someofuseatmeat，ofcourse，butanimalsliveonplants.Iftherewerenoplants，wewouldhavenoanimalsandnomeat.Sothesoilisverynecessaryforlife.Thetopofthegroundisusuallycoveredwithgrassorotherplants.Theremaybedeadleavesanddeadplantsonthegrass.Thewastematter（糞）fromanimalsalsofallsonit.Allsoilneedsfood.Ifwedonotgiveitany，theplantswillbeweak.Farmersfoundthatanimals'wasteisthebestfoodforthesoil，butchemicalfertilizers（化肥）arealsoveryuseful.Thesamecropshouldnotbegrowninthesameplaceeveryyear；it'sbettertohaveadifferentcrop.Achangeofcropandtheuseofagoodfertilizerwillkeepthelandgood.（1）Whatwouldhappenfirstwithoutplants？BA.Peoplewouldhavemorecrops.B.Animalswoulddie.C.Therewouldbemorefood.D.Therewouldbelesssoil.（2）Whatdoesthewritertellusinthefirstparagraph？DA.Leaves，plants，grassandwasteliveoneachother.B.Therewouldbenoanimalswithoutmeat.C.Therewouldbenoplantswithoutanimals.D.People，animals，plantsandsoilliveoneachother.（3）Whichisthebestfoodforsoilinthefield？CA.Chemicalfertilizers.B.Plantsandgrass.C.Animals'waste.D.Differentcrops.（4）Whydoweoftengrowadifferentcropinthesameplaceeveryyear？AA.Becausewecankeepthesoilrichthisway.B.Becausewedon'thaveenoughland.C.Becausewewanttohaveadifferentfood.D.Becausewedothisasahabit.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了土壤對人類的重要性，如果沒有了土壤就沒有了一切。因為土壤給我們提供了我們需要的一切?！窘獯稹浚?）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Iftherewerenoplants，wewouldhavenoanimalsandnomeat."（如果沒有植物，我們就不會有動物和肉。）可知，沒有了植物，動物就會死去。故選B項。（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Nearlyallourfoodcomesfromthesoil.Someofuseatmeat，ofcourse，butanimalsliveonplants.Iftherewerenoplants，wewouldhavenoanimalsandnomeat.Sothesoilisverynecessaryforlife.Thetopofthegroundisusuallycoveredwithgrassorotherplants.Theremaybedeadleavesanddeadplantsonthegrass.Thewastematter（糞）fromanimalsalsofallsonit."（幾乎我們所有的食物都來自土壤。當然，我們中的一些人吃肉，但是動物以植物為生。如果沒有植物，我們就不會有動物和肉。所以土壤對生命來說是非常必要的。地面的頂部通常覆蓋著草或其他植物。草地上可能有枯葉和枯死的植物。動物的排泄物也落在上面。）可知，作者描述了人、動物、植物以及土壤之間相互依存的關(guān)系。故選D項。（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Farmersfoundthatanimals'wasteisthebestfoodforthesoil，butchemicalfetiliers（化肥）arealsoveryuseful."（農(nóng)民們發(fā)現(xiàn)動物的排泄物是土壤最好的養(yǎng)料，但化學肥料也很有用。）中的thebestfood可知，說明動物的糞便是植物最好的肥料。A.Chemicalfertilizers.化肥；B.Plantsandgrass.植物和草；C.Animals'waste.動物的排泄物；D.Differentcrops.不同的作物。故選C項。（4）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句"Achangeofcropandtheuseofagoodfertilizerwillkeepthelandgood."（改變作物和使用好的肥料將使土地保持良好。）可知，換作物和使用好的肥料可以讓土壤更為肥沃。故選A項?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。16．（8分）Foranypersonwhomustspeakinpublic，tobusinessorpleasuregroups，humorisahelpfulandnecessarytoolforgettingyourmessageacross.Whydoeshumorworkalot？Thereareseveralreasons.Peoplewillenjoywhatyouhavetosayifitispresentedwithhumor.But，moreimportantly，ifyouareinasituationwhereimportant，andperhapscontroversial（有爭議的），ideasmustbepresentedtolessthanopenminds，humorallowsthoseideastobepresentedinanonthreatening（無威脅的）manner.AbrahamLincolnwasfamousforhisabilitytorelatehumorousstoriestomakeapoint.Humorusedcarefullythroughoutapresentationwillalsokeepthelisteners'interesthigh.Inaword，individualslearninghowtousehumorintheirspeechescanstrengthenarguments，supportinterestingpresentationsand，mostofall，entertaintheiraudienceinapositiveandcomfortableway.Whilepopularculturemaywellholdmanykindsofhumor，someofithasnoplaceinpresentationsthataredesignedtoeducateandencouragetheaudience.Ifyouwanttobecomeaprofessionalexcellentcomedianwhosegoalis100%entertainment，thenyoumaybeabletousesomeofthereferencematerialslikeTheArtofUsingHumorinPublicSpeaking.Theycanhelpyoudevelopyourskillsandsourcesofhumor.Tothatend，yourparticipationinthisstudyofhumorwillbecomenecessary.Hopefully，youwillcometoappreciatethespecialdifficultyofentertainingtheaudiencewithgoodandcleanhumor.（1）Howmanyreasonsdoestheauthorgiveforusinghumor？BA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.（2）What'sthepurposeofexcellentcomedians？CA.Toeducatetheaudience.B.Toencouragetheaudience.C.Toentertaintheaudience.D.Toexchangewiththeaudience.（3）WhydidtheauthorsuggestreadingTheArtofUsingHumorinPublicSpeaking？AA.Itwasgoodfortrainingone'sskillsofhumor.B.Ithelpedthereadersrelaxafterwork.C.Itgavesometipsonhowtoliveapositivelife.D.Itwasatextbookforprofessionalexcellentcomedians.（4）Whichofthefollowinghasasimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword"end"inthelastparagraph？DA.finishingB.conclusionC.stopD.result【分析】對于任何一個必須在公共場合、商務(wù)場合或娛樂團體演講的人來說，幽默是傳達信息的一個有用且必要的工具。本文講述了幽默能起到很大作用的幾個原因。【解答】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段Peoplewillenjoywhatyouhavetosayifitispresentedwithhumor.如果你說的話帶有幽默感，人們會喜歡的。But，moreimportantly，ifyouareinasituationwhereimportant，andperhapscontroversial，ideasmustbepresentedtolessthanopenminds，humorallowsthoseideastobepresentedinanonthreateningmanner.但是，更重要的是，如果你處在一個重要的，也許是有爭議的情況下，想法必須呈現(xiàn)給不那么開放的頭腦，幽默可以讓這些想法以一種不具威脅性的方式呈現(xiàn)。mostofall，entertaintheiraudienceinapositiveandcomfortableway.最重要的是，以積極和舒適的方式娛樂他們的觀眾?？芍髡呓o出了三個使用幽默的理由。故選B.（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段Ifyouwanttobecomeaprofessionalexcellentcomedianwhosegoalis100%entertainment，如果你想成為一個以100%娛樂為目標的專業(yè)優(yōu)秀喜劇演員?？芍獌?yōu)秀喜劇演員的目的是娛樂觀眾。故選C.（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段Theycanhelpyoudevelopyourskillsandsourcesofhumor.他們可以幫助你提升你的技能并擴大幽默的來源?？芍髡呓ㄗh讀《在公眾演講中運用幽默的藝術(shù)》是因為它有助于培養(yǎng)一個人的幽默技巧。故選A.（4）D.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)原文第三段Ifyouwanttobecomeaprofessionalexcellentcomedianwhosegoalis100%entertainment，thenyoumaybeabletousesomeofthereferencematerialslikeTheArtofUsingHumorinPublicSpeaking.Theycanhelpyoudevelopyourskillsandsourcesofhumor.Tothatend，yourparticipationinthisstudyofhumorwillbecomenecessary.如果你想成為一名100%娛樂為目標的專業(yè)優(yōu)秀喜劇演員，那么你可以使用一些參考資料，如《在公共演講中使用幽默的藝術(shù)》。他們可以幫助你提升你的技能并擴大幽默的來源。對于____，你的參與對幽默的研究將變得很有必要。可知說的是前面的結(jié)果，結(jié)合選項：A.finishing完成，B.conclusion結(jié)論，C.stop停止，D.result結(jié)果，故選D.【點評】閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。三、七選五(共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分)17．（10分）HowtomaketruefriendsWhetheryourfriendshiplastsforaseasonoralifetime，herearesomewaystomaketruefriends.Befriendlytopeople.Youractionsshouldshowthemthatyouareatruefriendand，inreturn，theywillprobablybeatruefriendtoyouaswell.（1）DYoucan'texpectsomeonetobeatruefriendifyou'renotatruefriend.（2）BAlthoughlifechangesmayseparateyou，youcancalleachotheronthephone，visiteachother，writeletters，sendcards，andcommunicateonlinethroughemailandsocialnetworkingsites.Findfriendswithsomesimilarinterests.Youdon'thavetohaveeverythingincommon，butitwouldbehelpfulifyouhadsomethingsincommon.（3）GLearnthedifferencebetweengoodfriendsandbadfriends.（4）FTheyarealwayshonestwithyouandtheydon'tdothingstohurtyou.Badfriendsarethosewhodonotseemtovaluethefriendship.Theymayneverbethereforyouwhenyouneedthemordothingsthatarehurtfultoyou.（5）AOnceyourecognizethedifferencesingoodfriendsandbadfriends，decidewhichfriendsyouwanttostayconnectedwithandwhichonesyou'rebetteroffwithout.Thefriendswhowillstickwithyouthroughgoodtimesandbadtimesaretruefriends.Letthemknowthatyouappreciateyourfriendshipandbesuretostayatruefriendtothem.A.Chooseyourfriendscarefully.B.Keepintouchwitheachother.C.Acceptyourfriendsforwhotheyare.D.Youhavetotreatpeoplethewayyouwanttobetreated.E.Showyourrespecttoyourfriendsnomatterwhathappens.F.Goodfriendsarethosewhoarethereforyouwhenyouneedthem.G.Havingthingsincommongivesyousomeonetoshareandenjoydoingsomethingtogether.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何結(jié)交真正的朋友?！窘獯稹浚?）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段的主旨"Befriendlytopeople.（要友好地對待他人）"及上文"Youractionsshouldshowthemthatyouareatruefriendand，inreturn，theywillprobablybeatruefriendtoyouaswell.（你的行為應(yīng)該向他們表明你是一個真正的朋友，作為回報，他們可能也會成為你真正的朋友）"可推斷，D項用你喜歡別人對待你的方式去對待別人"和上下句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，共同來說明如何對待他人。故選D項。（2）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)下文Althoughlifechangesmayseparateyou，youcancalleachotheronthephone，visiteachother，writeletters，sendcards，andcommunicateonlinethroughemailandsocialnetworkingsites.（雖然生活的變化可能會把你們分開，但你可以互相打電話、互相拜訪、寫信、寄卡片，以及通過電子郵件和社交網(wǎng)站進行在線交流）"可知，本段中所提到的多種聯(lián)系方式。由此可知，B項"保持相互間的聯(lián)系"適合作本段主旨，符合語境。故選B項。（3）G.推理判斷題。本選項承接上一句"Youdon'thavetohaveeverythingincommon，butitwouldbehelpfulifyouhadsomethingsincommon.（你們不必擁有所有的共同點，但如果你們有一些共同之處，那就會很有幫助）"進一步說明擁有共同興趣愛好的好處。由此可知，G項"有共同之點可以讓你有人分享和享受一起做一些事情。"符合語境，"Havingthingsincommon"與上文的"haveeverythingincommon"﹣致。故選G項。（4）F.推理判斷題。結(jié)合本段主旨句"Learnthedifferencebetweengoodfriendsandbadfriends.了解好朋友和壞朋友之間的區(qū)別"中提到的"goodfriendsandbadfriends"以及后面所提到的"Badfriendsarethosewhodonotseemtovaluethefriendship.Theymayneverbethereforyouwhenyouneedthemordothingsthatarehurtfultoyou（壞朋友是那些似乎不珍惜友誼的人。當你需要他們的時候，他們可能永遠不會出現(xiàn)在你身邊，或者做一些傷害你的事情）"中損友的特征可以推斷出，本選項要談及益友的特征與之相對應(yīng)。由此可知，F(xiàn)項°好朋友是那些在你需要的時候陪伴你的人。"符合語境，故選F項。（5）A.總結(jié)歸納題。根據(jù)下文"Onceyourecognizethedifferencesingoodfriendsandbadfriends，decidewhichfriendsyouwanttostayconnectedwithandwhichonesyou'rebetteroffwithout.Thefriendswhowillstickwithyouthroughgoodtimesandbadtimesaretruefriends.Letthemknowthatyouappreciateyourfriendshipandbesuretostayatruefriendtothem.（一旦你認識到好朋友和壞朋友的區(qū)別，決定你想和哪些朋友保持聯(lián)系，哪些你最好沒有。那些會和你一起度過好時光和壞時光的朋友都是真正的朋友。讓他們知道你很欣賞你的友誼，一定會成為他們真正的朋友）"可知，本段提到要遠離損友、親近益友。由此可知，A項"要謹慎選擇朋友適合作本段主旨，符合語境。故選A項?！军c評】七選五題型看似簡單，實際上有時完全做對并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足夠的耐力，有必要進行專門練習。首先，快速瀏覽一遍七個備選答案，先確定哪個選項適合放在文章的什么位置；其次，快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)，分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意；其三，注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標志詞，七選五備選答案中有兩個多余的選項，會對文章中兩個空的選擇構(gòu)成干擾，這時要特別細致地比對相似選項；最后，用代入法，檢查答案是否合理，將所有選擇答案放回空白處，通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否語義連貫合理、緊扣主題，語篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。四、完形填空(共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。18．（30分）Iwenttoagroupactivity，"SensitivitySunday"，whichwastomakeusmore（1）Ctheproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.Wewereaskedto"（2）Cadisability"forseveralhoursoneSunday.Somemembers，（3）Dchosetousewheelchair