大學英語三級語法知識總結匯總

三級語法考點歸納一. 虛擬語氣.if句中虛擬形式if引導的非真實條件句(純粹假設或發(fā)生的可能性不大):條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在相反did(be+were)would/should/might/coulddo與將來相反did(be>were)would/should/might/coulddo與過去相反haddonewould/should/might/couldhavedone例句Ifweleft(leave)now,weshouldarriveintime.Iftheyhadn,tgoneonvacation,theirhousewouldn,thavebeenbroken(break)into..原形虛擬：a.表命令、決定、要求、建議等詞語之后的that-分句中，用動詞原形。suggest,demand,advise,propose,order,arrange,insist,command,require,request,desire that+(should)do例如Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.b.Itis(was)形容詞/名詞that (should)do/例如Itisabsolutelyessentialthatallthefactsbeexaminedfirst.3.一些句型中的虛擬形式：例如It,stimeweleft.2wouldrather/soonerasif/thoughwouldrather/sooner反例如It,stimeweleft.2wouldrather/soonerasif/thoughwouldrather/sooner反asif/though4.練習例如Itistimewewenttobed.寧愿好像與現(xiàn)在或者將來相與過去相反L謂語用過去時與現(xiàn)在或者將來相與過去相反謂語用過去完成時ItryitagainifIyou.D.A.will；am B.should；am C.would；wereD.would；hadbeenIfitnotforthewater, theplantslive.C.were；could D.did；A.were；wouldnotB.isC.were；could D.did；IfIthatchancetoshowmyability,Ithepresidentofthisschool.A.havenothad；couldnotbecome B.hadnothad；wouldnothavebecomeC.didnothave；C.didnothave；couldnotbecomeD.doesn,thave；willnotbecomeB.isnot；cannotspendD.havenotbeen；B.isnot；cannotspendD.havenotbeen；willnotB.do；willbreakoutD.will；istobreakoutShewishessheA.doesn'tdothathumiliatingthing.didn’tdoC.haven'tdoneD.hadn'Hebythatburglarifyoutosavehim.A.mighthavebeenkilled；hadn'tcomeB.willbekilled；didn'tcomeC.maybekilled；did'tcome D.couldbekilled；haven'tcomeIfitforyourhelp,Ithathardtimewithsolittlemoney.A.werenot；wouldnotspendC.hadnotbeen；wouldnothavespentspendWhereyougoifwar?A.will；breaksoutC.would；weretobreakouttdoneThechairmansuggestedthatthemeetingputoff.A.canbe B.be C.is D.willbeItisvitalthatheimmediately.A.shouldgoB.mustgoC.goes D.wentItistimewedoourhomework.A.begintoB.canbegintoC.beganto D.willbeginto答案：1.選C。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設（指現(xiàn)在的假設）（譯文；如果我是你，我會再試一次）2選A。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設（指現(xiàn)在的假設）。（譯文：要是沒有水，植物就不能存活。）.選B。表示與過去事實相反的假設。A。表示與過去事實相反的假設。（譯文：要不是你來救他，他早就被那個竊賊殺了。）.C。與過去事實相反的假設。（譯：要沒有你幫忙，我那點兒錢是無法度過那段艱苦歲月的。）.選C。表示與將來事實相反的假設。（譯文：要是戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了，你會上哪兒去？）.選D。虛擬語氣用于賓語從句。（譯文:她真希望自己沒有做過那件丟臉的事情。）.選B。虛擬語氣用于表示“建議”等意義的動詞后。（譯文：主席建議會議延期舉行。）.選A。虛擬語氣用于主語從句（Itis/was+形容詞+that引導的分句）。.選C。虛擬語氣用于定語從句Itistime（that）…句型。（譯文：我們該開始做作業(yè)了。）二.動詞的時態(tài)1.各個時態(tài)動詞基本變形一般現(xiàn)在時be(is,am,are)do/does現(xiàn)在進行時be (is/am/are)+doing現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone現(xiàn)在完成進行時have/hasbeendoing一般過去時was/weredid過去進行時was/weredoing過去完成時haddone過去完成進行時hadbeendoing一般將來時willdo將來進行時willdo將來完成willhavedone將來完成進行時willhavebeendoing一般過去將來時woulddo過去將來進行時wouldbedoing過去將來完成時wouldhavedone過去將來完成進行時wouldhavebeendoing2.時間狀語與動詞時態(tài)的搭配一定的時態(tài)往往和一定的時間狀語連用。always,usually,sometimes, 一般現(xiàn)在時do/does amisarelastweek,yesterday,afewdaysago 一般過去時 didwas/werenextweek,tomorrow,inaweek,thisyear一般將來時 willdonow,atpresent,atthismoment 現(xiàn)在進行時 be+doingsofar,uptonow,bythetime,since的主句 現(xiàn)在完成時has/havedone3.練習，用動詞的適當形式填空He(be)eighteennextyear.It(rain)everydaysofarthismonth.Mozart(write)morethan600piecesofmusic.Ifit(rain)tomorrow，we’llhavetostayathome.Howfasthe(drive)whentheaccidenthappened?BythetimeMr.Smithleftschool，he(teach)thatcoursefortwenty-fiveyears.Perhapshe(finish)readingthebookbythistimetomorrow..填willbe。nextyear為表示將來時態(tài)的時間狀語.填hasrainedosofar是“到目前為止”的意思，常和現(xiàn)在完成時搭配使用。.填wroteoMozart(莫扎特)是已去世的音樂家，故應使用過去時。.填rains。在條件狀語從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來發(fā)生的事情。.填was…driving。表示過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作要用過去進行時。.填hadtaught。句中有bythetimeMr.Smithleftschool,主語的謂語應用過去完成時。.填willhavefinished。句中有bythistimetomorrow，主語的謂語應用將來完成時。三動詞的被動語態(tài)1.各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時一般過去時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時將來完成時主動doam/is/aredoingdidwas/weredoingwilldowoulddohas/havedonehaddonehas/havebeendoingwillhavedone被動am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/weredonewas/werebeingdonewillbedonewouldbedonehas/havebeendonehadbeendonewillhavebeendone1.Theconstructionofthelibrarybeforetheendofnextmonth.A.musthavecompleted B.musthavebeencompletedC.mustbecompleted D.mustcompleteThesubjectoftheselecturesbythelecturecommittee.A.announces B.havebeenannouncedC.announced D.hasbeenannouncedMypicturesuntilnextweek.A.won’tdevelop B.aren’tdevelopingC.don'tdevelop D.won'tbedevelopedTheysothatwewouldn'trecognizethem.A.costumed B.disguised C.weredisguisingD.weredisguisedAlltheapparatus（器械）beforetheexperimentbegan.A.hadbeenpreparedB.werepreparedC.hadbeenpreparedD.hadpreparedTheworld,ssuppliesofcopper.A.havebeengraduallybeingexhausted B.hasgraduallyexhaustedC.aregraduallyexhausted D.arebeinggraduallyexhaustedThegoodswhenwearrivedattheairport.A.werejustunloading B.werejustbeingunloadedC.hadjustunloaded D.werejustbeenunloadedTomthebeststudentinhisclass.A.regards B.regardsas C.hasregardedas D.isregardedasThesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather.A.putoff B.wasputoff C.wasputtedoffD.hasputoffC。情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)為：情態(tài)動詡be+done。（譯：到下月底圖書館的修建必須完工）D現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)為：havebeen+done（譯：講座的課題已由講座委員會宣布了。）D。一般將來時的被動語態(tài)為：willbe+done，其否定形式為：willnotbe+doneD一般過去時的被動語態(tài)為was/were+過去分詞（譯:為了不讓我們認出來，他們偽裝了起來）C。過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的構成為：hadbeen+過去分詞。D現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)為：are/is/ambeing+過去分詞。（譯:世界的銅資源正逐漸被耗盡）B。過去進行時的被動語態(tài)為：was/werebeing+過去分詞。（譯:我們到機場時正在卸貨物。）D。（譯文：湯姆被認為是班里最好的學生。）B。（譯文：運動會因天氣不好被取消了。）四定語從句.定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。關系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which等。關系副詞有：when,where,why等。例題：TheSocialSecurityRetirementProgramismadeupoftwotrustfunds,couldgopennilessbynextyear.A.thelargeone B.thelargerofwhichC.thelargestone D.thelargestofwhich選B。因為前面有two,所以不能選D,A沒有連接手段，也不能選。三級試題中定語從句的考題：1、ItriedtogetofthebusinessIfoundimpossibletocarryon.A）why B）which C）what D）where2、OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.A）that B）where C）whichD）as3、ThisbookisdesignedfortheleanersnativelanguagesarenotEnglish.A)whoseB)whichC)whoD)what4、Shegottoknowtheyoungmanverywellshehadworkedforsolong.A)towhomB)inwhomC)whomD)withwhom5、Thehotelduringthevacationwasratherpoorlymanaged.A)asIstayedB)whereIstayedC)whichIstayedD)whatIstayed6、TherearesomanydressestherethatIreallydon,tknowtochoose.A)whetherB)whenC)whichD)why7、IthinkthatAnnaisfarthemostactivememberinourgroup.A)withB)atC)asD)by五.倒裝.當only放在句首，表示強調(diào)時，要用倒裝例：Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem. 只有用這種方法，你才可以解決這個問題。OnlyyesterdaydidIfinishthebook. 到昨天我才讀完那本書。.具有否定意義的副詞或詞組用于句首，要用倒裝。常見的否定詞有：never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,notuntil,bynomeans,notonly,neither,nosooner,hardly等。例句：NevershallIforgetthedayswhenyouwerewithus.1、Olnywhenwehadfinishedalltheworkthatitwastoolatetotakeabushome.A)didwerealizeB)informingC)informedD)toinform2、Notuntilthedaybeforeyesterdaytogiveaspeechatthemeeting.A)heagreed B)doesheagreeC)heagreesD)didheagree3、Youngheis,hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman.A)thatB)whoC)asD)which4、Notuntilyesterdayanythingabouttheprojectthatwillbecompletedsoon.A)didIlearnB)haveIlearntC)IlearntD)thatIlearnt5、Heisusedtoflyingbyairandonnooccasionfrightened.A)hehaseverfeltB)heeverfeelsC)everdoeshefeelD)hasheeverfelt6、Soaftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.A)excitedthemotherwas B)wasthemotherexcitedC)themotherwasexcited D)excitedwasthemother7、Soloudlythatpeoplecouldhearitoutinthestreet.A)didthestudentsplaythemusic B)thestudentsplayingthemusicC)thestudentsplayedthemusic D)havethestudentsplayedthemusic六.it的用法t作形式主語或者形式賓語ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglish.it這里指代tolearnEnglishItwasnotveryclearwhatshemeant.it這里指代whatshemeant2.it在強調(diào)句型強調(diào)句型的結構為：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分練習1.ItwasonlywhenIreadhispoemsrecentlyIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.until B.that C.then D.so選B。強調(diào)句型強調(diào)when引導的時間狀語從句。2.Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.that B.until選A。強調(diào)句型強調(diào)時間狀語。七.形容詞比較級.不規(guī)則變法 good/wellbadmany/muchlittle.形容詞比較級結構(1)形容詞+thanthanmoney.(2)the+形容詞比較級medicineItakeC.before D.when比較級 最高級better bestworse worstmore mostless least例句：Realfriendshipismorevaluable,the+形容詞比較級例句：Themore大學英語三級考試?？荚~組和固定搭配（介詞+名詞）詞語byaccidentonaccountofinadditioninadditiontointheairon(the/an)averageonthebasisofat(the)bestforthebetteronboardoutofbreathonbusinessinanycaseincaseofincaseinnocasebychanceincharge(of)(a)roundtheclockincommoninconclusiononconditionthatinconfidenceinconnectionwith/toinconsequenceinconsequenceofonthecontrary

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在……面前今后，將來警惕，防范通常，大體上成兩半在手邊，在附近徹著徹尾，完全用手往下傳，傳給（后代）手拉手，攜手在掌握中，在控制中在手邊，臨近一方面 另一方面……在內(nèi)心；實質(zhì)上牢記，憑記憶在家，在國內(nèi),自在，自如以紀念，向…表示敬意以名譽擔保匆忙地，立即例如，舉例說不時，時時最終，終于至少，最低限度一點,絲亳終于，最后；詳細地按照，根據(jù)成一直線，排成一行與……一致，按照atalossasamatteroffactbyallmeansbymeansofbynomeansinmemoryofatthemercyofbymistakeatthemomentforamomentforthemomentinamomentinnatureonoccasioninorderinordertoinorderthatoutoforderonone'sowninparticularinthepastinpersoninplaceinplaceofinthefirstplaceinthelastplaceoutofplaceonthepointtothepoint

困感，不知所措其實，事實上無論如何，必定借助于，用決不紀念在……支配下錯誤地現(xiàn)在，此刻片刻，一會兒現(xiàn)在，暫時立刻，馬上本質(zhì)上有時，不時秩序井然，整齊以便，為了以便發(fā)生故障，失調(diào)獨自地，獨立地特別地，尤其，詳細地在過去，以往親自在適當?shù)奈弧龃嫫鸪?，首先最后不得其所?不適當?shù)募磳ⅰ臅r候切中要害，切題inpracticeoutofpracticeatpresentforthepresentinproportiontoinpublicfor(the)purposeofonpurposewiththepurposeofinquestionatrandomatanyratebyreasonofasregardswith/inregardtoin/withrelationtowithrespecttoasaresultasaresultofinreturnontheroadasaruleinthelongru