賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(附答案)張夢(mèng)杰

賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(附答案)張夢(mèng)杰賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(附答案)張夢(mèng)杰/NUMPAGES23賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(附答案)張夢(mèng)杰賓語(yǔ)從句講解及練習(xí)(附答案)張夢(mèng)杰初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法賓語(yǔ)從句講解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)及答案賓語(yǔ)從句三注意時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句不需受限制主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引一般疑問(wèn)句用if/whether,特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一、基本講解1概念:在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))（了解）MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語(yǔ))2.連接詞(1).陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用that,口語(yǔ)中常常省略。e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意一般情況下whether和if可以互用但有些情況例外。當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?c.if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句這時(shí)不能用whether.(3).特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)詞后要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?特殊情況==當(dāng)doyouthink后接特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為引導(dǎo)詞doyouthink，用陳述句語(yǔ)序。3.賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)a.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)從句不受主句的限制根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。例如Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?2b.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。例如Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.注意當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)而從句表示的是客觀真理自然現(xiàn)象科學(xué)原理格言等從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.4.、人稱(chēng)的變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用a.從句的主語(yǔ)如果是第一人稱(chēng)變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句則與主句的主語(yǔ)一致如果是第二人稱(chēng)則與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致如果是第三人稱(chēng)不用變化。如“MayIuseyourknife”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)均由主句決定。主句是陳述句用句號(hào)主句是疑問(wèn)句用問(wèn)號(hào)。如Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon?tknow.→Idon?tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?步驟：1、根據(jù)原句確定連接詞（that、if、whether、特殊疑問(wèn)詞）2、調(diào)整語(yǔ)序（陳述句）3、根據(jù)主句確定時(shí)態(tài)4、人稱(chēng)變化和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的使用二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化（了解）簡(jiǎn)化賓語(yǔ)從句常用六法。1.2.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree等且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面帶特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，主從句的主語(yǔ)也須一致這時(shí)從句可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是asktell,show,teach等后面帶雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)從句的主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致且從句是由特殊疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)時(shí)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是findseewatchhear等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.初中英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)精選試題習(xí)題(一)（時(shí)態(tài)）1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled習(xí)題(二)（連接詞）1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,BettyA.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe5.Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayeveningA.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose習(xí)題(三)（語(yǔ)序）1.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich2.Pleasetellme______whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5Didyouknow____A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter6Couldyoutellme___A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing習(xí)題(四)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.(北京市東城區(qū))A.thatB.howC.WhatD.if2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.(杭州市)A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.(鄂州市)A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.(重慶市)A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.—Doyouknow_____I'mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon'tknow.(北京市海淀區(qū))A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.(南京市)A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy7.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.(重慶市)A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas8.—WhereisJack—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.(南昌市)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there參考答案：答案:1-5ADCBC答案:1-7CBBAAAC答案:1-6BDBAAC答案:1—4DAAD5—8CACCAnswers一、選擇題（2×15=30分）

1.B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。（1×20=20分）(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.willbebuilt2.isbeingdiscussed3.isspoken4.hasn’tbeenfound5.werecut6.aretold7.mustbesent8.aresold9.aremade,aremade10.betaken11.iscleaned12.beseen13.havebeenwatered14.sells15.hasbeen16.smells17isdancing三、按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，一空一詞。（1×30=30分）1.Do,grow2.isgiventome3.soonis4.willbesung5.needn’tbedone6.isusedfor7.wasmadetodo8.isbeingwatched9.wasbuilt10.havebeensold11.iscalled四、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成句子，一空一詞。(1×10=10分)①wasboughtforme②IsmadeinChina③coveredwith五、下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過(guò)來(lái)。（10分）①bedone改為do②listened改為listenedto③remembered改為wasremembered④issounded改為sounds⑤Bywho改為Bywhom被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（一）一、選擇題

()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted

()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

()8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?--Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

()9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown

()10.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written

()11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus

()12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

()13.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.

A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput

()14.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

()15.Ourteacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened

二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.It'ssaid(據(jù)說(shuō))thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.

7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.

8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

9.What_______knives______(make)of?

They_______________(make)ofmetal(金屬)andwood.

10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?

11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.

14.Thiskindofshoes__________(sell)well.

15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?

16.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.17.Look!Someone__________(dance).

三、按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子，一空一詞。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）_______people_________teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear．（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear．3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(對(duì)劃線提問(wèn))How______________theworkgoingtobefinished?

4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.

5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

It______________________byyounow.

6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

Metal____