福建省寧德市二模英語(yǔ)試題

高三英語(yǔ)高三英語(yǔ)第頁(yè)絕密★啟用前寧德市普通高中畢業(yè)班第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（考試時(shí)間：150分鐘；滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.選擇題用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑2.非選擇題用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書(shū)寫(xiě)作答。3．在本試卷上作答無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1．Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A．Sad. B．Pleased. C．Nervous.2．Whatisthewoman?A．Adoctor. B．Apatient. C．Anassistant.3．Whohasgotthecarkey?A．Theman. B．Thewoman. C．Thewoman’smother.4．Wherearethespeakersgoingfirst?A．Shoeshop. B．Bookshop. C．Computershop.5．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Hedidn’tliketheparty.B．Hedidn’tknowtheresult.C．Hedidn’tcareabouttheprize.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6-7題。6．Whatdoesthemanthinkofashortsleepatnoonatfirst?A．Unnecessary. B．Inconvenient. C．Impossible.7．Howdoesthemanusuallyfeelintheafternoon?A．Energetic. B．Spiritless. C．Relaxed.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8-9題。8．Whichnamewasfinallysetonthestudentcard?A．Benedict. B．Frederick. C．Gladwell.9．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthereadingroom. B．Inthedininghall. C．Attheregistrationoffice.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10-12題。10．Whatcolourchairdoesthewomanwant?A．Brown. B．Black. C．White.11．Whichcountrydoestheseatcovercomefrom?A．Germany. B．Italy. C．England.12．Whattimeisthedeliveryarrangedfor?A．9am. B．1pm. C．2pm.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13-16題。13．WhatrelationisJenifertothewoman?A．Herfriend. B．Herboss. C．Herclassmate.14．WhatistheadvantageofthepositioninLaSalleSchool?A．Itswell-paid. B．It’salong-termcontract. C．It’slikelytobemadepermanent.15．WhydoesChelseaFreeSchoolneedanewteacher?A．Ateacherhasbeenill.B．Ateacherhasleftthejob.C．Ateacherhastakenchild-careleave.16．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsthelastposition?A．Confident. B．Uninterested. C．Concerned.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17-20題。17．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Wordswithnosense. B．Sentenceswithnoverbs. C．Phraseswithnogrammar.18．Whoisbelievedtouse“Longtimenosee”first?A．Americans. B．Chinese. C．British,19．Whatshouldyoupayattentiontowhileusing“Nocando”?A．Thewayyouuseit. B．Thepurposeitserves. C．Thepeopleyoutalkto.20．Whathappenedto“Sofarsogood”?A．Itwascriticizedatfirst. B．Itwasacceptedsoon. C．Ithaschangedmanytimes.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABBCCymruWalesToursStepintothefutureofbroadcastingatBBC’snewestandmostadvancedstudiosat3CentralSquare,Cardiff,CF101FT.Everwonderedhowsoundeffectsareaddedtoyourfavouritepodcasts(播客)?Orwhatit’sliketoreadthenews?JoinourfriendlyguidesforanunusualtourofBBCCymruWales.VisitourtelevisionandradiostudiostodiscoverthesecretsofmakingBBCprogrammes.Onyourjourneyyouwill:·VisitoneofthelargestBBCnewsrooms,packedwithcutting-edge(領(lǐng)先的)technologyincludingAR,VRandroboticcameras.·TakeaglanceatTVgalleriesandotherbroadcastfacilities.InformationEachwalkingtourwilllastapproximately90minutes.Asaliveandworkingbroadcastcentre,notwotoursarethesame,soeveryvisitwillbeunique.Forgroupbookings,orforspecificaccessrequirements,pleasecall02920878444.Childrenunder18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Toursareonlysuitableforchildrenover7years.AlladultvisitorsattendingtoursmustbringphotoID．Largebagsandshoppingbagsarenotallowedonthetour.Bagswillbesearched,sotoavoiddelayswerecommendvisitorsnotbringlargebagsorunnecessaryitems.Ticketprices:Adult:￡13.00Familyticket(1adultandupto3childrenor2adultsand2children):￡38.00Student|Under26:￡10.00Disabledperson|Over65:￡12.00Group10+tickets—Adults:￡12.00Group10+ticket—Students|Under26:￡9.00Group10+tickets—Disabledpeople|Over65:￡11.0021．WhatcanvisitorsdoatBBCCymruWalesTours?A．MakeBBCnewsprogrammes. B．Admiregalleryartworks.C．Experienceadvancedtechnology. D．VisitBBC’ssmallestnewsroom.22．Whatcanweknowaboutthetours?A．Thetoursaremostlythesame.B．Everytourlastsaboutanhourandahalf.C．Thetoursaredesignedforkidsunder7.D．Thetoursallowvisitorstocarrybigbags.23．Ifagroupof20seniorschoolstudentsattendthetours,howmuchshouldtheypay?A．￡260.00. B．￡240.00. C．￡200.00. D．￡l80.00.BTheAfricanpenguinisexpectedtogoextinctinthewildinjustoveradecade,givenitscurrentpopulationdecline.Themainreasonisalackoffoodcausedbydisturbancetooceanconditionsfromglobalheatingandcompetitionfromthecommercialfishingindustry.Accordingtoastudy,scientistshaveidentifiedapossibleadditionalcause,onethatisanentirelynewthreatandthatfurtherpreventsthepenguinsfromfindingfood:noisepollutionfrommarine(海洋的)shipsinabay.Since2016,anewshippingpracticehasstartedatAlgoaBay.Thebayoffersship-to-shiprefuelingforshipsanchoredoffshore.Sincethestartofthispractice,marinetrafficinthebayhasdoubled.Thenumberofbulkcarriers(散貨船)pullingintothebayhasincreasedbytentimesasmuch.Thusthenoiselevelsintheareahaddoubledandthepopulationofpenguinshasdroppedsharply.Highnoiselevelsaffecttheabilityofmarineanimalstofindfood,communicateornavigateproperly.Researchersuseddatafromshipidentificationtoolstoestimateunderwaternoisefrompassingships.Theyalsoattachedunderwatermicrophonesandaccelerometers(感應(yīng)器)tosomeofthepenguins.Recordingthenoisewilltellresearcherswhatthepenguinsarehearing,ifthey’retalkingwhilehunting,ifthey’rechangingtheirmovementsinresponsetonoise,andifthenoiseisdrowningouttheirhuntingconversations.Thiswillallowresearcherstodeterminewhetherthesounddisturbanceisadirectcauseofthepenguins’ongoingdifficultiesinfindingsufficientfood.Thestudyisthefirsttoexploreheeffectsofoceantrafficnoisepollutiononseabirdsandtheconsequencesofoffshoreshippingactivitiesonunderwaternoiselevels.Expertsareconsideringproposingvariousglobalbest-practiceapproachestoreducesomeoftheimpactsofnoisepollution,suchaspoliciesthatlimitthenumberandsizeofshipsallowedintoabayofthiskind.“Wealsoneedmorescientificmonitoringofnoise,beforethesemeasuresareputinplaceandafterward,sothatwehaveaproperunderstandingofwhatworks.”aresearchersaid.24．Whatiscausedbythenoisepollution?A．Thepenguins’lackoffood.B．Thepenguins’propernavigation.C．People’scommunicationdisability.D．Thecommercialcompetition.25．Whydidscientistsattachmicrophonestopenguins?A．Becausetheywantedtostudythewayofrelievingmarinetrafficpressure.B．BecausetheycoulddetermineandanalyzethesourceofoceannoisepollutionC．Becauseithelpedtocalculateunderwaternoiselevelscausedbydifferentships.D．Becausetheimpactofoceanonpenguins’huntingbehaviorcouldbefound.26．Howcanthenoisepollutionbereduced?A．Byexploringtherealeffectsofoceantraffic.B．Byrestrictingtheshipstogointothebay.C．Bybanningalltheoffshoreshippingactivities.D．Byincreasingship-to-shiprefuelingactivities.27．Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A．Evaluatetheriskofthenoise.B．Establishamonitoringsystem.C．Putthemeasuresinplace.D．Trytounderstandwhathappens.CThefirstsolarcellcapableofpoweringeverydayelectricalequipmentwasmadeinthe1950satBellLabsinNewJersey.Backthenthesilicon-based(基于硅的)panelswerehugelyexpensiveandturnedjust6%ofsunlightintoelectricity.Sincethen,costshavecomedowndramaticallyandtoday’ssiliconsolarcellscanturupto22%ofsunlightintopower.Butthey’renearlymaxedoutintermsofefficiency.Now,perovskites(鈣鈦礦)offerthepotentialfordramaticincreasesinpoweroutput,andtheycouldultimatelyreplacesiliconaltogether.RescarchersatOxfordPV,acompanyspunoutoftheUniversityofOxford,madeamajorbreakthroughin2018.Bycoatingsiliconwithperovskitestheyachieved28%efficiency.Thecompanybelievesitcaneventuallyreach40%,orhigher.“Ifwewanttomakeallnewpowergenerationaboutsolarphotovoltaics(光伏),thenweneedtokeepdrivingthepricedown,”HenrySnaith,professorofphysicsattheUniversityofOxfordandco-founderofOxfordPV,said.“Onewaytodothatistokeeppushingtheefficiencyorpoweroutputup,andthisiswhereperovskitesreallycomeintoplay.”P(pán)erovskiteswerediscoveredin1839.OxfordPVusesasynthetic(合成的)version,madefrominexpensivematerialsthatarepresentontheEarthinlargequantities,whileothercompaniesusevariationsoftheoriginalmineral,collectivelycalledperovskites.Aswellasimprovedsolarefficiency,theyworkbetterthansiliconintheshade,oncloudydaysorevenindoors.Perovskitescanbeprintedusinganinkjet(噴墨的)printerandcanbeasthinaswallpaper.OxfordPVhopesperovskiteswilleventuallyreplacesiliconentirely.Lastmonth,SauleTechnologies’newfactoryinWarsawbeganprintingperovskitesolarcellsusinginkjetprinters.Earlynextyear,itwillstartsupplyingSwedishconstructioncompanySkanskaGroup.“Thematerialissettobeagamechangerintheenergyfield,becauseitworksineverylightingcondition,”saidSauleTechnologiesco-founderOlgaMalinkiewicz.28．Whatisthebiggestdisadvantageofsilicon-basedpanels?A．Theyareincrediblyexpensive.B．Theyareeasytoabandontotally.C．Theyarerelativelylowinpoweroutput.D．Theyhaveonlyexistedforabout50years.29．WhatattitudedoesSnaithhavetowardsperovskites?A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Opposed. D．Ambiguous.30．Whycanperovskitespossiblyreplacesiliconentirely?A．Theycanbeasthinaspaper.B．TheyarerarelyseenontheEarth.C．Theycanbeprintedwith3-Dprinters.D．Theyperformwellinpoorlightingconditions.31．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Thecostofperovskitesolarcells.B．Anewwaytoreplaceperovskites.C．Theapplicationsofsolarphotovoltaics.D．Apotentialwaytoincreasesolarpoweroutput.DLithium(鋰)iscalled“whitegold”forgoodreason.Themetal’svaluehasbeengrowingsharplyoverthelastseveralyears,inalargepartbecauseitisanessentialpartofbatteriesaswellasseveralkeysustainabletechnologieswhereenergystorageisofhugesignificance.Aselectriccars,windandsolarpowerhavegrownintomajorplayersintheenergyindustry,lithiumhasbecomekeytoengineeringafuturefreeoffossil(化石)fuels.Butacquiringlithiumcomesatanenormouscost.Itoftenworkslikethis:Watercontaininglithiumisdeliveredtothesurfacefromundergroundandmixedwithfreshwater.Themixturethensitsinpoolstogetridofwater,leavingtherestofitscontentsbehindasbrightlycolored“mud”.Thenheatandchemicalreactionsareusedtogetlithiumfromthat,changingitintopowderwhichisthenpackagedandshippedtobuyersaroundtheworld.Anyaccidentthatreleasesminecontentsintosurroundingcommunitiesorthegroundwatersupplycouldhaveunimaginablelong-termimpacts.Tobespecific,indigenous(土著的)communitiesoftenbearthedamage,andpoliticalleadershavetypicallygivenlittleweighttotheirconcerns.InArizona,forexample,anexpandinglithiummineisthreateningtheHualapaiTribe’sculturalandhistoricsites.Recently,mininglithiumandotherpreciousmetalshasbroughtaboutconflict:Howdoyouensuretheavailabilityofmaterialsessentialtothefutureofrenewableswhileprotectingthosecommunities’rights?Miningofthemetalisexpectedtoincreasedramaticallyincomingyears.Overtime,expertssay,thatwillreducegreenhousegasemissions(排放)bymakingelectriccarsmoreaffordableand,therefore,morepopular.Asenvironmentallyconsciousconsumersbuyelectriccarsinever-greaternumbers,it’simportanttobeawareofthedirtyprocessthatpowersthosecleanairvehicles.32．Whatdoestheauthor’sintentionofwritingParagraph1?A．Tointroducethebackgroundofanevent. B．Toexplainacomplexindustrialtheory.C．Todescribeanoticeablerecenttendency. D．Topredictthefutureofamaintechnology.33．Whichmaycauseenormousenvironmentaldamage?A．Unexpectedmaterialleak. B．Violentchemicalreactions.C．Wrongpoliticaldecisions. D．Lithiummineexpansion.34．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmininglithium?A．Intolerant. B．Uncaring. C．Favorable. D．Objective.35．What’sthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．HighExpenseofLithiumMining B．PotentialBenefitofUsingLithiumC．HiddenThreatbehindCleanEnergy D．BrightFutureofRenewableResources第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenraindropsfalltothegroundinsummer,afamiliarscentalwaysfollows.Manypeoplecallthisthe“smellofrain”.However,rainismadeupofodorless(無(wú)味的)water.So,wheredoesthissmellcomefrom?___36___Butitactuallycomesfromwetsoil.Thisspecialodorevenhasitsownname:petrichor(潮土油),whichcomesfromapairofchemicalreactions.ThepleasantsmellhaslongbeenaninterestofscientistssinceAustralianscientistsfirstdocumentedtheformationofpetrichorin1964.Accordingtoscientists,someplantsproduceoilsduringdryperiods.___37___Yet,it’sthesecondreactionthatcreatesthemostpetrichor.Itoccurswhenchemicalsproducedbybacteriainsoilarereleased.___38___Thesebacteriabreakdownandchangeintosimplechemicalcompounds,providingnutritionforplants.Meanwhiletheprocessalsoproducesgeosmin(土臭素),acompoundwithadistinctearthyaroma(香味).Lotsofanimalsaresensitivetogeosminbuthumanbeingsareextremelysensitivetoit.Whenitrainsafteralongperiodofdryness,dropsofwaterhittheground.Geosministhenreleasedfromthesurfaces.___39___Anditfinallygivesraindropstheirfamiliarscent.Ifitrainsheavilyenough,geosminwillbespreaddownwind,warningothersofcomingrain.___40___Andthenexttimesomeonementionshowmuchtheylovethesmellofrain,youcanproveyourintelligencebyexplainingwherethatsmellcomesfrom.A．Andwhenitrains,theseoilsarereleasedintotheair.B．Thesmellofpetrichorisquitepleasanttothehumannose.C．Thereareagroupofmicroorganismswidelyfoundinsoils.D．Raincanrefreshthesoilspeciallywhenitrainsheavily.E．Scientistsfoundthedistinctivesmelldoesn’tcomefromrain.F．Thepleasantsmellalwayscomesintobeingwiththeflowofair.G．Itisfurtherspreadarounditssurroundingswiththeaidofwindandrain.第三部分語(yǔ)言文字運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Sportsareimportantinourfamily.Bothofoursonswerehigh-school___41___.SoIshouldn’thavebeen___42___whenLaurenannouncedshewasgoingoutforthegirls’basketballteam.ButIwasbecauseshehasDownsyndrome(唐氏綜合癥).MywifeandInevertoldLaurenthatshewas___43___.Wetreatedherlikeourotherchildren.Wedidn’twanthertofeeldisabled.IdiscussedLauren’s___44___withmywifethatevening.ShethoughtLaurenwouldmaketheteamandshewasright.Laurendid___45___itbecausenotallthegirlswantedtoplay.Theseason’sfirstbasketballgame___46___.Itkickedofftoagoodstart,butsoonVerden,Lauren’steam,wasbehind.Lauren___47___followedthemovementonthecourtandreactedtoevery___48___.EventhoughLaurenwasn’tplaying,shelookedasifshewerehavingthetimeofherlife.Ifelt___49___formydaughter.Justlessthantwominuteswereleft,andVerdenwasdownbyseventeenpointswhenLaurenwascalledinforthegame.Lauren____50____theothersfairlywell.ThentheypassedLaurentheball.She____51____it.Sheshot.Shescored!Afewminuteslater,Lauren____52____usinthestands.”Didyousee?Iscored!Imadea____53____!”Forsixteenyears,I’dtriedhardto____54____Laurenfromfeelinglikeshewasdifferent.ButwatchingLaureninthegame,Isawthatshereallywasdifferent-notphysicallyoremotionally,but____55____.41．A．a(chǎn)thletes B．rescuers C．reporters D．teachers42．A．DepressedB．embarrassed C．disappointed D．surprised43．A．normal B．different C．ordinary D．typical44．A．ArrangementB．preference C．a(chǎn)nnouncement D．proposal45．A．a(chǎn)pprove B．predict C．make D．favour46．A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．a(chǎn)rrived C．changed D．remained47．A．AttentivelyB．carelessly C．frequently D．repeatedly48．A．team B．shout C．game D．shot49．A．regret B．a(chǎn)nxiety C．a(chǎn)dmiration D．sympathy50．A．gavewaytoB．keptpacewithC．putupwith D．brokeawayfrom51．A．threw B．missed C．caught D．cast52．A．ChallengedB．greeted C．left D．joined53．A．mistake B．basket C．mess D．record54．A．shelter B．prohibit C．discourage D．excuse55．A．socially B．consciously C．literally D．Spiritually第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChatGPTishigh-techprogress,notarevolutionChatGPTisapowerfulchatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIandlaunchedinNovember2022.____56____(build)ontopofOpenAI’sGPT-3familyoflargelanguagemodels,itengagesinhuman-likedialogueeggedbyprompting.It____57____(design)torespondinanatural,intuitivewayandhasnumerouspotentialuses.Fromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentofsuch____58____(technology)beforereachingaconclusionabouttheirefficacyandhelpfulnature.Technologyprogressesstepbystep.SoweshouldnotpanicthinkingChatGPTwilltakeupjobs____59____tillnowneedhumanstofulfill.ChatGPTisanexampleofhigh-techprogress,notarevolution.First,ChatGTP____60____(make)quitesomeprogressinnaturallanguageprocessing,yetitstillhasalongwaytogotocompletelyunderstandthehumanmindandlanguagefaculty,becausewhenitcomestoprofessionalwriting,ChatGPTattimeswritesplausible-soundingbut____61____(correct)ornonsensicalanswers.Itmightgivesomegoodanswerstomostofthegeneralquestions,____62____itisnosubstituteforprofessionaladvice,suchasmedicalprognosisandprescriptions,orlegaladvice.Second,ChatGPTisstillaproduct____63____verylimitedapplication.Ithasthepotentialtobeusedforenhancingsearchenginefunctionalitybut,asapre-trainedlanguagemodel,itwillhavelimiteduse.Duetotheselimitations,investorsshouldnot____64____(blind)investhugeamountstofurtherdevelopChatGPTandshouldnotexpectquickreturnsoninvestment.Yetasa_____65_____(promise)AIdevelopment,ChatGPTislikelytoadvanceinthemedium,ifnottheshortterm.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）66．假定你是李華，你的外國(guó)朋友Peter給你發(fā)郵件說(shuō)最近經(jīng)過(guò)多次嘗試終于學(xué)會(huì)了做中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)美食——餃子，開(kāi)心不已。詢問(wèn)你在日常的學(xué)習(xí)和生活中，是否有過(guò)類(lèi)似經(jīng)歷。請(qǐng)回復(fù)郵件，分享你的經(jīng)歷。內(nèi)容包括：1.一件曾嘗試的新事物;2.學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程;3.你的感受。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iputonelastboxintothebackseatandclosedthecardoor.ItfeltasifIwereclosingthedooronmywholelife