2021屆陜西省咸陽市永壽高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試（摸底）英語試題（解析版）聽力

永壽2021年高考摸底考試英語試題第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehasn’teatenanysandwichyet.B.Hethinksthefirstsandwichisbetter.C.He’stoofulltoeatanothersandwich.2.Whyaretheneighborsmovingout?A.Theydon’tliketheflat.B.Theycan’taffordthehighrent.C.Thelandlorddoesn’tmeanwhathesays.3.Howdidthemanhearaboutthefire?A.Overthephone.B.Onthetelevision.C.Inthenewspaper.4.Whereisthewomangoingfirst?A.Tothecinema.B.Totheconcert.C.Tothebank.5.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodotomorrowafternoon?A.Goshopping.B.Returntothebeach.C.PayavisittoJoeandLinda.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至第7小題。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Ataseaport.C.Atarailwaystation.7.Howsoonwillthemangetonboard?A.Inabout10minutes.B.Inabout20minutes.C.Inabout30minutes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10小題。8.Whatcolourofcarpetdoesthemansuggest?A.Blue.B.White.C.Green.9.Whatisthepossibleresultthewomanworriesabout?A.Shecan’treturnthecarpetifshedoesn’tlikeit.B.Shecan’tdecidetherightcolourforthecarpet.C.Shecan’taffordthehighpriceofthecarpet.10.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore.B.Inthestreet.C.Inthewoman’shouse.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13小題。11.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Neighbours.12.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirhabits.B.Theirfamilies.C.Theirneighbours.13.Whatistheman’strouble?A.Hecan’tgiveupsmoking.B.He’softendisturbedatnight.C.Hehasnohouseofhisown.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第17小題。14.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Captainandplayer.C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatisthewoman’smainpurposeoftalkingtotheman?A.Tolearnwhathedoeseveryday.B.Tohelphimtomanagehistimebetter.C.Tosuggestmakingfulluseofhissparetime.16.Howlongdoesthemanworkatthesupermarketeveryday?A.2hours.B.3hours.C.4hours.l7.Whatdoesthemanagreetogiveup?A.Doingapart-timejob.B.Havingfootballpractice.C.Workingatthestudentcenter.聽第10段材料，回答第18至第20小題。18.Whatistheman?A.Asportstrainer.B.Aradioreporter.C.Aballplayer.19.Whatisthemandescribing?A.Afootballgame.B.Avolleyballgame.C.Abasketballgame.20.Whichisthewinningteam?A.Germany.B.England.C.Spain.第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，共計40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ASupplyPrimaryTeachersNeededWeworkwithagroupof‘Good’and‘Excellent’schoolslocatedacrossLondon.Wearelookingforexcellentteacherswhohaveapassionforteachingandarelookingfornewopportunities.AboutSupplyTeachingSupplyteachinggivesyouthefreedomandflexibilitytoworkatavarietyofdifferentschools.Youhavetheoptionofday-to-daysupplyorlong-termsupply,whichcouldleadtoafulltimeemployment.Youwouldberequiredtohaveagreatunderstandingoftheprimarycurriculum(課程).Ifyouhaveexperience,thenpleasedon’thesitatetoapply.Youwouldbeworkingwithstudentswhohavevariedneeds.Wearelookingforableanddevotedteacherswhoareabletoteachandengagewiththewholeclasswhileteaching.Supplyrolesaregreatforexperiencedteachersandnewlyqualifiedteacherslookingtogainexperience.KeyResponsibilitiesToteacheffectivelessonsthatinspireandleadtorapidprogressfromallstudents.Toplanandprepareeffectiveschemesofworkandlessons.Touseregularassessmentstosettargetsforstudents,andmonitortheirprogress.Tomaintainregularandproductivemunicationwithstudentsandparents.ThePerfectCandidateMustholdauniversitydiploma.Abletoworkwellwithinateam.Strongunderstandingoftheprimarycurriculum.Abletocreateinterestingandengaginglessonsforstudents.Deadline:ApplybyThursday,4thJanuary2018at9am.ContactUsPleasedon’thesitatetocontactusatASQEducation.Ifyoufeellikethisisnotquitetherightroleforyou,pleasestillcontactusatASQEducation,wehaveavarietyofrolesinPrimaryandSecondarySchool.1.Whatmaindutiesshouldasupplyteachertake?A.Plan,prepareandteacheffectivelessons.B.Guidestudentstoexperienceafter-schoolactivities.C.Settargetstobeeafulltimeemployee.D.Makesureofthestudents’freedomandflexibility.2.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuitabletobeasupplyteacher?A.OnewhohasaclearideaofprimarycurriculumB.Onewhohasgreatpassionforteaching.C.Onewhohasteachingexperience.D.Onewholikesworkingalone.3.Ifyouwanttoapplyfortheposition,youshould___________.A.havehumorouspersonalityB.applybefore4thJanuary2018at9amC.contacttheschoolslocatedacrossLondondirectlyD.preparealessonandmunicatewithparentsinadvance【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則代課教師的招聘啟示，主要介紹了其工作內(nèi)容、職責(zé)、招聘條件及聯(lián)系方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“KeyResponsibilities”部分內(nèi)容“Toteacheffectivelessonsthatinspireandleadtorapidprogressfromallstudents.(教授有效的、能鼓舞并讓全體學(xué)生快速進(jìn)步的課程)”及“Toplanandprepareeffectiveschemesofworkandlessons.(計劃并準(zhǔn)備有效的工作和課程方案)”可知，計劃、籌備并進(jìn)行有效的教學(xué)是老師的主要職責(zé)之一，故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThePerfectCandidate”部分“Abletoworkwellwithinateam.”可知，作為一名代課教師，應(yīng)該有團(tuán)隊合作精神，所以D項“喜歡獨自工作的人”不適合作為作為代課教師。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Deadline:ApplybyThursday,4thJanuary2018at9am.”可知，最后截止日期是2018年1月4日周四上午9點，所以如果項申請這個職位，要在此日期之前，故選B項?！军c睛】BToday,Ifeltterrible---myheadwasfullofproblemsandconfusion.IdecidedtotakeawalkeventhoughIdidn’tknowwhereIwouldgo.ThemostextraordinarythinghappenedwhenIwasoutonthiswalk.Isawanoldmansittingonachair.Hewasasellerofsecond-handshoes.Heseemedsotiredandnobodywasbuyinghisshoes.IwantedtogivehimsomethingbutIhadnotbroughtanythingwithme.Then,alittlegirlcametowardhim.Iheardthechildsay,“Grandfather,mayIpolishyourshoes?”Thatoldmantookpityonher,smiledandhegaveherashoetopolish.Thegirlsaid,“IpolishtheshoebecauseIneedmoneytobuymybrotheranewschooluniform.”Theoldmananswered,“Oh,littlegirl.Juststopdoingthis.ewithmeandIwillbuyyouauniform.”Thentheywalkedtoamarket(Ifollowedbehind)andheboughtherauniform.Thegirlwassohappy.Shesaid,“Thankyousomuchfordoingthis.”Thensheleft,leavingtheoldmansmiling.Hewalkedawayfromthemarket,butIstoppedhim.Iwhisperedinhisear,“Youareahero!Thankyouforyourkindness!”AsIwalkedaway,IglancedbackandIcouldseehimstillsmiling.IwasblownawaybythekindnessIhadjustseen.Someonewhohadsolittlehimselfwasabletoshowsuchincrediblegenerosity!Amazing!Myownsadnesshadpletelydisappeared,chasedawaybythelightofthiskindact.IbeganrealizingthatIhavealottobethankfulfor.4.Whydidthegirlwanttopolishshoesfortheoldman?A.Tosupporttheoldman’sbusiness.B.Toshowherpityontheoldman.C.Toearnmoneytobuysomethingtoherbrother.D.Toattracttheattentionofpassers-bytobuymoreshoes.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheoldmanfromthepassage?A.Hehasnotenoughtoeatandwear.B.Heisverycoldtoothers.C.Heisakindandgenerousman.D.Heisinapoorhealthcondition.6.Whatwordscanbedescribedthegirl’scharacter?A.Friendlyandcaring. B.Greedyandkind.C.Enthusiasticandimpatient. D.Meanandsad.7.Whatmaytheauthorlearnfromtheoldman?A.paredwithhelpingothers,personalsadnessisnotimportant.B.Oneshouldlivebyone’sownworknotbyothers’help.C.Oneshouldn’tlookdownupontheonewhoneedshelp.D.Eventhoughonehaslittle,heshouldtrytohelpothers.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者看見一個賣舊鞋的的可憐老人幫助了一個想通過擦鞋賺錢給哥哥買新校服的小女孩，老人這一善良慷慨的行為使作者的悲傷消失了?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Thegirlsaid,“IpolishtheshoebecauseIneedmoneytobuymybrotheranewschooluniform.”女孩說：“我擦鞋是因為我需要錢給我哥哥買一套新校服。”可知，女孩想掙錢給她哥哥買東西因此給老人擦鞋。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中IwasblownawaybythekindnessIhadjustseen.Someonewhohadsolittlehimselfwasabletoshowsuchincrediblegenerosity!我被剛才看到的友善深深打動了。一個自己一無所有的人卻表現(xiàn)出令人難以置信的慷慨！可知，老人他是一個善良慷慨的人。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Thegirlsaid,“IpolishtheshoebecauseIneedmoneytobuymybrotheranewschooluniform.”女孩說：“我擦鞋是因為我需要錢給我哥哥買一套新校服?！币约暗谌沃蠺hegirlwassohappy.Shesaid,“Thankyousomuchfordoingthis.”女孩很高興。她說：“非常感謝你所做的一切?！笨芍@個女孩是友好和體貼人的。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Someonewhohadsolittlehimselfwasabletoshowsuchincrediblegenerosity!一個自己一無所有的人卻表現(xiàn)出令人難以置信的慷慨！以及最后一段中IbeganrealizingthatIhavealottobethankfulfor.我開始意識到我有很多事情要感謝?？芍?，從老人身上，作者可以學(xué)到“即使一個人一無所有，他也應(yīng)該設(shè)法幫助別人。”的道理。故選D項。CAdultsperformbetterwhentheyhavealottogainorlose.Butscientistsdidnotknowwhetherteensdidtoo.Tofindout,Inselasked88peoplebetweentheagesof13and20.Shehadthemtryagame.Theparticipantslookedatpicturesofplanetsonaputerscreen.Theyhadtoclickasfastastheycouldwhentheysawaplanetwithdesigns.Theywerenotsupposedtoclickifaplanethadnodesigns.Theparticipantscouldearn20centsforrightanswersbutlose10centsforwrongones.Inothersessions,they’dgetadollarforrightanswers,andloseahalfdollarforwrongones.Playersofallageswantedtowinthemoney,andcaredmoreaboutbiggerrewardsthansmallerones.AsInselexpected,adultsperformedbetterwhenthestakeswerehigh.Butteens13to18playedjustaswellwhethertheystoodtowin20centsoradollar.Only19-or20-yearoldssteppeduptheirgameforthehigherstakes.Insel’steampublishedthisworkNovember28,2017,inNaturemunications.Brainschangeandmatureduringadolescence.Andnotallpartsgrowatthesamerate.Inselwasinterestedintwoareasinparticular.Oneisdeepinsidethebrainandjustabovetheears.Calledtheventralstriatum(腹側(cè)紋狀體),ithelpsthebraincalculaterewards.Theventralstriatumbeesmatureduringtheteenyears.Thebrain’sprefrontalcortex(前額葉)takeslongertomature.Thisareaisimportantforplanningandsettinggoals.Itmaynotmatureuntilearlyadulthood.Nervepathways-thinkofthemasthebrain’s“wiring”-connecttheventralstriatumandprefrontalcortex.Thisletsthetworegionsmunicatetomakedecisions.Butbecausetheprefrontalcortexmatureslater,thewiringbetweenthetwomaynotbepleteuntiladulthood.8.WhichofthefollowingcanexplainInsel’sresearch?A.Teensignorekeypointsinmanyaspects.B.Adultsbehavebetterwithhigherrewards.C.Teensgivemoreattentiontoexamsthanusualwork.D.Adultsbehavemorematurelythanchildrenineveryway.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stakes”referto?A.Thefinalresultsofgamesorexperiments.B.Thethingsthatcanbegainedorlostinraces.C.Theambitionsorenergiesthatoneexperiencesingames.D.Thepowersthatmakeonefeellesspressureorpain.10.Fromthepassage,wecanknow___________.A.theexperimentaimstofindoutadults’behaviourfacinghighstakesB.teenshavebetterperformancesinthefirstroundsC.adultscarelessabouttheexperimentatfirstD.adultsandteensshowdifferentlywithhighstakes11.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Unlikeadults,teensdon’tperformbetterwithhighstakesB.Whoperformbetter,adultsorchildren?C.Stakesarethekeypointsinpromotingone’spassionD.Whetherlowstakesorhighstakes,onebehavessimilarly【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了因為大腦中的前額葉發(fā)育不成熟，面對高和低風(fēng)險或賭注，青少年表現(xiàn)相差無幾，而成年人則面對高賭注，表現(xiàn)更好?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句Only19-or20-yearoldssteppeduptheirgameforthehigherstakes.（當(dāng)提高籌碼時，只有19歲或者20歲地孩子在游戲中表現(xiàn)更好）可推知，18歲的成年人在籌碼增大時，表現(xiàn)更好。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文可知，stakes在此處指實驗中提到的earn20centsforrightanswersbutlose10centsforwrongones（正確答案賺20美分，錯誤答案損失10美分）和getadollarforrightanswers,andloseahalfdollarforwrongones.（正確答案得到1美元，錯誤答案損失0.5美元。），由此可推知，指比賽中的風(fēng)險或賭注。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句和第三句Butteens13to18playedjustaswellwhethertheystoodtowin20centsoradollar.Only19-or20-yearoldssteppeduptheirgameforthehigherstakes.可知，提高實驗地籌碼級別，成年人表現(xiàn)得更好，而13到18歲地孩子表現(xiàn)和原來無異。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。文章通過具體實驗，闡述了因為大腦中的前額葉發(fā)育不成熟，面對高和低風(fēng)險或賭注，青少年表現(xiàn)相差無幾，而成年人則面對高賭注，表現(xiàn)更好。A項：與成年人不同，青少年在高風(fēng)險情況下表現(xiàn)并不會更好。符合題意。故選A。DDriverlesstechnologywillsoonenteranothermajorglobalindustry:shipping.Severalpaniesrecentlyannouncedplanstolaunchself-sailingshipstoimprovesafetyandefficiency.OneofthemisNorwegianchemicalpanyYaraInternational.Yarahasdesignedtobuildanautonomousshipexpectedtolaunchnextyear.Theshipisfullyelectrictoreduceairpollution.Itisdesignedtocarrycontainersnormallytransportedbytruck.Thismeanstheshipwillalsoimproveroadsafetybyreplacingabout40,000trucktripsayear.Yaraplanstooperatetheshipsbyremotecontrolbeginningsometimenextyear.By2020,theshipsshouldbeloadingandsailingthemselves.Anotherpanyfocusingonself-sailingshipsistheworld’slargestminingpany,Australia’sBHPBilliton.Thepany’sVicePresidentofFreight,RashpalBhatti,recentlyspokeaboutthetechnology.Hesaid,“Ibelieveautomationwillbeoneofthebiggestchangesforshippinginthefuture.”Autonomousshipsofferimportantchancestoimprovesafetyandprovidebetterefficiencyoutestothemarinesupplychain.”Headdedthatself-sailingshipscouldbeearealitywithinthenextdecade.Rolls-Royce,theBritishautomobileandenginemanufacturer,isalsodevelopingunmannedshippingtechnologies.OskarLevanderisthepany’sheadofmarineoperations.Hetoldaconferencelastyear,“Thisishappening.It’snotif,it’swhen.”Severalshippingpanieshaveinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarstodevelopself-sailingshipsexpectedtobeusedby2025.Theseshipswillbeequippedwithtechnologytocollectweatherandseadata.Theywillthenusethedatatoplanoutthesafest,shortestandmostfuel-efficientroute.12.Whatadvantagesdoesthedriverlessshiphaveaccordingtothepassage?A.Environmentalfriendly. B.Withoutnoise.C.Lowcost. D.Havingstrongershipbody.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Australia’sBHPBillitonistheworld’slargestshippany.B.Theshipswillworkalmostautomaticallyby2020.C.Bhattiisn’tsureofthefutureofdriverlessship.D.Self-sailingshipswillbeusedinacoupleofyears.14.WhatattitudedoesOskarLevanderhavetothenewdriverlessship?A.Unsure. B.Doubtful. C.Sure. D.Objective.15.Whereisprobablythepassagetakenfrom?AAphysicstextbook. B.Atravelbooklet.C.Anadvertisement. D.Asciencereport.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無人駕駛技術(shù)在航運業(yè)的運用，一些公司宣布推出無人駕駛船只來提高航海安全和效率的計劃?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Theshipisfullyelectrictoreduceairpollution.(這艘船全部采用電動化以減少空氣污染。)”可知，無人駕駛的船只最大的優(yōu)勢在于減少空氣污染，所以其優(yōu)勢是環(huán)保。故選A項。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“By2020,theshipsshouldbeloadingandsailingthemselves.(預(yù)計到2020年，這些船可以實現(xiàn)自主裝船和航行。)”可知，到2020年，無人駕駛的輪船幾乎可以自動運行。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Hetoldaconferencelastyear,“Thisishappening.It’snotif,it’swhen.”(去年，他在一次會議上指出：“這正在發(fā)生。沒有如果，只是時間問題。”)可知，OskarLevander認(rèn)為無人駕駛的船只是一定會出現(xiàn)的，只是時間的問題。所以O(shè)skarLevander對無人駕駛輪船的態(tài)度是肯定的。故選C項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。通斷全文，并結(jié)合文章第一句“Driverlesstechnologywillsoonenteranothermajorglobalindustry:shipping.(無人駕駛技術(shù)將很快進(jìn)入全球另一個重要工業(yè)：航運業(yè)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了無人駕駛技術(shù)在航運業(yè)的運用，很多公司宣布推出無人駕駛船只來提高航海安全和效率的計劃，所以可能摘自一篇科技報道。故選D項?！军c睛】第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多項。Herearesomewaysofencouragingafriendtogetthroughadifficulttime.1.Makecontact.Whenyoufindoutthatsomeoneisgoingthroughacrisis,getincontactwiththemassoonaspossible.Ifthepersonisfaraway,makeaphonecallorsendanemail._____16_____Thisisespeciallyimportantifthey’redealingwithanillnessthatmakesitdifficulttoleavethehouse.2.Listentothemwithoutjudgment.Peopleneedtotelltheirstoriesintheirowntime.Ofcourseyou’regoingtohaveopinionsabouttheirsituation._____17_____Focusonyourfriend,sotheyworkthroughthehealingprocess.3.Offerpracticalhelp.Insteadofofferingadvice,whatyoucanofferissomeactualhelp.Thiscanmakeahugedifferenceforthem._____18_____Helpthemoutwithsomechoreslikedoingtheirgroceryshoppingforthem,helpingcleantheirhouse,andtakingtheirdogforawalk.4.___19___Whensomeoneisgoingthroughadifficultlifeevent,thebasicfunctionsoflifetendtogetforgotten.Theypossiblyforgettoeatorstopcaringfortheirappearance.Remindthemtodothingslikeshower,andexercise.5.Don’ttakeovertheirlife.Takingovertheirlifemayoverwhelmthem._____20_____Don’tjusttakeyourfriendtodinner,askthemwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Lettingthemmakedecisions,evenifthey’resmalldecisions,cangolongwaytowardsreclaimingtheirpower.A.Evendoingsomelittlethingscanmakeadifference.B.Youshouldofferoptionstothem.C.Sometimesvisitingsomeoneinpersonisalsoeffective.D.Youshoulduseyourpastexperiencestohelpthem.E.Butitisn’talwaysnecessarytoshareyouradvice.F.It’sbettertobethereforthem.G.Encourageyourfriendtokeepupwiththelifebasics.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.G20.B【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要就如何鼓勵朋友度過難關(guān)，提出了五點建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Whenyoufindoutthatsomeoneisgoingthroughacrisis,getincontactwiththemassoonaspossible.Ifthepersonisfaraway,makeaphonecallorsendanemail.(當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在經(jīng)歷危機時，盡快與他們聯(lián)系。如果對方離你很遠(yuǎn)，打個或發(fā)個郵件)以及后文Thisisespeciallyimportantifthey’redealingwithanillnessthatmakesitdifficulttoleavethehouse.(如果他們正在應(yīng)對一種讓他們難以離開家的疾病，這一點尤其重要)由此可知，本句屬于過渡句，上文提到了聯(lián)系朋友的方式，后文提到了你想要聯(lián)系的人如果因為生病無法離開家，那么本句提出另一種聯(lián)系對方的方式，即可以親自上門拜訪。故C選項“有時親自拜訪某人也是有效的”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Ofcourseyou’regoingtohaveopinionsabouttheirsituation.(當(dāng)然，你會對他們的處境有自己的看法)以及后文Focusonyourfriend,sotheyworkthroughthehealingprocess.(關(guān)注你的朋友，這樣他們就能完成治愈的過程)由此可知，本句承接上文說明，即使你有自己的看法，也不必總是分享你的建議，因為應(yīng)該關(guān)注的是朋友。E選項中advice對應(yīng)上文中opinions。故E選項“但不必總是分享你的建議”符合語境，故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文Insteadofofferingadvice,whatyoucanofferissomeactualhelp.Thiscanmakeahugedifferenceforthem.(你能提供的不是建議，而是一些實際的幫助。這對他們來說意義重大)以及后文Helpthemoutwithsomechoreslikedoingtheirgroceryshoppingforthem,helpingcleantheirhouse,andtakingtheirdogforawalk.(幫他們做一些家務(wù)，比如幫他們買雜貨，幫他們打掃房間，帶他們出去遛狗)由此可知，上文提到了給朋友提供實際的幫助，后文則提到了給他們做家務(wù)買雜貨等小事情，可推知本句是在說明為正在度過難關(guān)的朋友做一些小事情，也可以給他們的生活帶來重要影響。故A選項“即使是做一些小事情也會帶來不同”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容Whensomeoneisgoingthroughadifficultlifeevent,thebasicfunctionsoflifetendtogetforgotten.Theypossiblyforgettoeatorstopcaringfortheirappearance.Remindthemtodothingslikeshower,andexercise.可知當(dāng)一個人在經(jīng)歷生活中的困難事件時，生活的基本功能往往會被遺忘。他們可能會忘記吃飯，或者不再關(guān)心自己的外表。提醒他們做一些事情，比如洗澡、運動。由此可知，本句為本段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)當(dāng)總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合本段說明的是提醒正在度過難關(guān)的朋友不要忘記一些諸如吃飯、洗澡等基本的生活活動。后文中thebasicfunctionsoflife與G選項中thelifebasic對應(yīng)。故G選項“鼓勵你的朋友跟上生活的基本要求”符合本段小標(biāo)題，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文Takingovertheirlifemayoverwhelmthem.(接管他們的生活可能會把他們壓垮)以及后文Don’tjusttakeyourfriendtodinner,askthemwhereandwhentheywanttodine.Lettingthemmakedecisions,evenifthey’resmalldecisions,cangolongwaytowardsreclaimingtheirpower.可知不要只是帶你的朋友去吃飯，問問他們什么時候在哪里吃飯。讓他們做決定，即使是很小的決定，也能幫助他們重獲力量。由此可知，上文提到了完全接管朋友的生活可能會讓朋友壓力太大，結(jié)合后文提到了“讓他們做決定”，讓朋友做決定意味著要給朋友選擇權(quán)，故本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是說明要給朋友提供選擇。B選項中options與后文中decisions為同義詞。故B選項“你應(yīng)該給他們提供選擇”符合語境，故選B。第三部分:英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完型填空(共20小題，每小題1.5，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。I'dliketoshareastoryfromover25yearsagothatchangedmylife.DuringavacationtriptoCalifornia,Imanagedto___21___sometimetostaywithfamilyfriendsinnorthernCaliforniabutthatmeantintheshorttimeIneededtofindmywaytothebusstation,some30milesaway.Beingapoorstudent,Ihadlittle___22___togetthere.Itiredtocallvarious___23___buttheywerealltoo___24___topickmeup.Then,Igotonepersononthephonewho___25___totransportmewithlimited___26___!Hecametopickmeupabout45minuteslater.Thedriverwas___27___andIrememberwondering___28___thetaxididn’thaveameter.Thedriverwassokind.HeknewIwasupsetsohe___29___mewithstoriesandgoodconversation.HesaidIlookedlikehis___30___.Atonepoint,Iaskedhimwhyhe___31___solittleparedtotheothers.Then,heexplainedthathewasactually___32___andhadn’t___33___hisnumberfromthephonebook.WhenIcalled,clearly___34___,hefeltthatheshouldetohelp.Thismandroveanhourtohelpa___35___hedidn’tknowforafeethatbarelycoveredhisgas,ifthat!Thisman’s___36___warmsmyhearteverytimeIthinkofhim.___37___,Ididn’tgethisnameandhisfacehassincefadedfrommymemory.Butheisonmy___38___oftenandIwishIcouldthankhim___39___.“ThankyouMr.AngelTaxi-Man!Ihopeyourgranddaughterknowswhata___40___grandfathershehas!"21.A.spend B.spare C.waste D.kill22.A.money B.time C.energy D.effort23.A.train B.tram C.ferry D.taxis24.A.reasonable B.unbelievable C.expensive D.cheap25.A.refused B.agreed C.asked D.tried26.A.distances B.funds C.space D.time27.A.old B.young C.rich D.poor28.A.when B.why C.where D.how29.A.laughed B.helped C.distracted D.absorbed30.A.granddaughter B.grandson C.friend D.daughter31.A.charged B.paid C.cost D.took32.A.graduated B.lost C.retired D.recovered33.A.changed B.removed C.converted D.corrected34.A.astonished B.pleased C.eager D.upset35.A.relative B.neighbour C.stranger D.student36.A.kindness B.intelligence C.caution D.care37.A.Luckily B.Surprisingly C.Regretfully D.Anxiously38A.shoulder B.mind C.work D.relaxation39.A.inperson B.inall C.inadvance D.inbrief40.A.powerful B.grateful C.useful D.wonderful【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.B27.A28.B29.C30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.C36.A37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一件令作者難忘的事．在一次旅途中作者缺錢，通過聯(lián)系到一位司機，那位善良的司機答應(yīng)她收取很少的費用，因為司機想幫助別人。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在一次去加利福尼亞的度假旅行中，我設(shè)法抽出一些時間和北加州的家人朋友呆在一起，但這意味著在很短的時間內(nèi)我需要到達(dá)30英里外的汽車站。A.spend花費；B.spare留出；C.waste浪費；D.kill殺死。根據(jù)本句中的DuringavacationtriptoCalifornia可知，作者在度假期間擠出時間去看望家人朋友。sparesometimetodosth.意為“抽出一些時間做某事”，是固定搭配，故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個窮學(xué)生，我?guī)缀鯖]有錢去那里。A.money金錢；B.time時間；C.energy精力；D.effort努力。和本句中的原因狀語Beingapoorstudent照應(yīng)，因為作者是一個窮學(xué)生，所以沒有多少錢。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我試著叫出租車，但都太貴了，不能接我。A.train火車；B.tram電車；C.ferry渡輪；D.taxis出租車。根據(jù)下文Thedriverwas___7___andIrememberwondering___8___thetaxididn’thaveameter可知，作者是打算乘坐出租車去車站，并且taxi(出租車)在下文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我試著叫出租車，但都太貴了，接不上我。A.reasonable合理的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.cheap便宜的。和上文的Beingapoorstudent,Ihadlittle___2___togetthere照應(yīng)，乘坐出租車對于一個窮學(xué)生來說太貴了。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我接到一個人的，他同意了很低的價錢來接我！A.refused拒絕；B.agreed同意；C.asked要求；D.tried嘗試。根據(jù)下文Hecametopickmeupabout45minuteslater(他45分鐘后來接我)可知是作者找到一個同意來接我的司機。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我接到一個人的，他同意了很低的價錢來接我！A.distances距離；B.funds資金；C.space空間；D.time時間。和上文的Beingapoorstudent,Ihadlittle___2___togetthere照應(yīng)，此處指作者資金有限。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：司機年紀(jì)很大了，我那時還納悶出租車為什么沒有計價器。A.old老的；B.young年輕的；C.rich富有的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)文章最后一句ThankyouMr.AngelTaxi-Man!Ihopeyourgranddaughterknowswhata___20___grandfathershehas!(謝謝你，天使出租車司機先生！我希望你的孫女知道她有多么好的祖父！)可知，這個司機年紀(jì)很大了。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：司機年紀(jì)很大大了，我那時還納悶出租車為什么沒有計價器。根據(jù)空后的thetaxididn’thaveameter(這輛出租車沒有計價器)及常識可知，此處表示作者那時還納悶為什么出租車?yán)餂]有計量里程的計價器。wonderwhy意為“好奇為什么”，故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：看到我心煩意亂，因此他用講故事、交談的方式來分散我的注意力。A.laughed笑；B.helped幫助；C.distracted分心；D.absorbed專心。聯(lián)系上下文，空前表示他知道我心煩意亂，空后表示用講故事、交談的方式，可根據(jù)邏輯推理出，此處是用講故事、交談的方式來分散我的注意力，讓作者不再煩心，故選C項。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說我看起來像他的孫女。A.granddaughter孫女；B.grandson孫子；C.friend朋友；D.daughter女兒。根據(jù)下文的Ihopeyourgranddaughterknowswhata___20___grandfathershehas!(我希望你的孫女知道她有多么好的爺爺！)可知，此處指他說作者看起來像他的孫女。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我問他為什么和其他人相比收費這么低。A.charged收費；B.paid支付；C.cost花費；D.took拿取。根據(jù)常識可知，因為作者叫了出租車，所以應(yīng)該付給司機錢，因此這里指作者詢問他為什么和其他人相比索要這么少錢。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他解釋說，他實際上已經(jīng)退休，尚未來得及將出租號碼銷掉。A.graduated畢業(yè)；B.lost失去；C.retired退休；D.recovered康復(fù)。根據(jù)上文已知司機年紀(jì)大了以及根據(jù)本句中的hadn’t___13___hisnumberfromthephonebook可推知，司機已經(jīng)退休，尚未來得及將出租號碼銷掉。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他解釋說，他實際上已經(jīng)退休，尚未來得及將出租號碼銷掉。A.changed更改；B.removed移去；C.converted轉(zhuǎn)換；D.corrected更正。因為已經(jīng)退休，所以是應(yīng)該將出租號碼銷掉。故選B項。34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我跟他打時，我顯然很不高興，他覺得他應(yīng)該來幫忙。A.astonished驚訝的；B.pleased高興的；C.eager急切的；D.upset心煩意亂的。根據(jù)上文的HeknewIwasupset可知，此處指作者在打時，我很心煩意亂。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人驅(qū)車時來幫助一個素不相識的陌生人，掙取勉強夠支付油費的錢，如果是這樣的話！A.relative親戚；B.neighbour鄰居；C.stranger陌生人；D.student學(xué)生。根據(jù)文章以及本句的定語從句hedidn’tknow可知，他驅(qū)車來幫助一個素不相識的陌生人。故選C項。【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我想起他，他的善良就溫暖了我的心。A.kindness善良；B.intelligence聰明；C.caution謹(jǐn)慎；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)文章以及上文中的hefeltthatheshouldetohelp可知，我是一個窮學(xué)生，而這位出租車司機愿意來幫助我，可推理知他非常善良，因此此處是他的善良溫暖作者的心，故選A項。【37題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：遺憾的是，我不知道他的名字，我也記不清他的樣貌。A.Luckily幸運的是；B.Surprisingly出人意料的是；C.Regretfully遺憾的是；D.Anxiously焦急地。根據(jù)本句中的Ididn’tgethisnameandhisfacehassincefadedfrommymemory可知，他給予了作者幫助，作者卻不知道他的名字，因此很遺憾。故選C項。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我卻在心中時常想起他，我希望我能親自感謝他。A.shoulder肩膀；B.mind腦海；C.work工作；D.relaxation放松。根據(jù)上文hisfacehassincefadedfrommymemory及連接詞but可知，盡管作者記不清他的樣貌，但作者卻在心中時常想起他。mind符合邏輯關(guān)系，故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我卻在心中時常想起他，我希望我能親自感謝他。A.inperson親自；B.inall總之；C.inadvance提前；D.inbrief簡言之。根據(jù)上文Thismandroveanhourtohelpa___15___hedidn’tknow可知這位司機幫助了我這個陌生人，我很想親自感激他。inperson表示“親自”，符合邏輯關(guān)系。故選A項。【40題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望你的孫女知道她有一個多好的爺爺！A.powerful強大的；B.grateful感激的；C.useful有用的；D.wonderful棒極的。根據(jù)上文Thismandroveanhourtohelpa___15___hedidn’tknow可知這位司機幫助了作者這個陌生人，因此作者認(rèn)為他是一個棒極了的人，所以希望他的孫女知道她有一個多好的爺爺。故選D項。【點睛】完形填空會使用一些關(guān)鍵詞圍繞主線貫穿全文。這些關(guān)鍵詞可能會重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，也可能會以其他形式出現(xiàn)(例如同義詞、近義詞、上義詞等)。如第3小題，根據(jù)下文Thedriverwas___7___andIrememberwondering___8___thetaxididn’thaveameter可知，作者是打算乘坐出租車去車站，并且taxi(出租車)在下文復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneweekend,RobertaUrsrey’sfamilywenttotheseasideforatravel.Atfirst,everythingwentwell.Butsuddenly,RobertaUrsreysawhertwosons____41____(struggle)againstthetide100yardsoutfromshore.SeveralotherUrsreyfamilymembersalongwithanearbycouple,jumpedinthewater____42____(help)themand____43____(catch)inthetide.Therewasn’talifegu