典型合金的結(jié)晶過程及其組織（V18版）2

4-3典型合金結(jié)晶過程及其組織（二）4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）

Jincheng,YuInst.MechanicalTechnology

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Metallgraphy

Jincheng,YuInst.MechanicalTechnology

iMT24-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）鐵碳合金是應(yīng)用最廣泛的金屬材料。鋼和鑄鐵是以鐵和碳為基本組元的合金，統(tǒng)稱為鐵碳合金-Iron-carbonalloy。典型成分鐵碳合金的平衡結(jié)晶過程及其組織

Metallgraphy工業(yè)純鐵Ingotiron：wC≤0.0218%碳鋼Carbonsteel：0.0218%<wC≤2.11%

鑄鐵Castiron：2.11%<wC≤6.69%

按照含碳量及組織特征的不同，分類：三、白口鑄鐵（2.11%<wC≤6.69%）5.亞共晶白口鐵

:2.11%<wC<4.3%6.共晶白口鐵

:wC=4.3%

7.過共晶白口鐵

:4.3%<wC<6.69%

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MetallgraphyLdLd’LdLdL→Ld(A+Fe3C共晶)→Ld(A+Fe3C共晶+Fe3CII)Ld’(P+Fe3CII+Fe3C共晶)共晶白口鐵結(jié)晶過程示意圖

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Metallgraphy5.共晶白口鐵（C%=4.3%）L→Ld(A+Fe3C共晶)→Ld(A+Fe3C共晶+Fe3CII)Ld’(P+Fe3CII+Fe3C共晶)共晶白口鐵結(jié)晶過程示意圖

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Metallgraphy5.共晶白口鐵（C%=4.3%）

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）共晶白口鐵相組成物：F、Fe3C

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）共晶白口鐵組織組成物：Ld'-（P+Fe3CII+Fe3C共晶）Fe3C共晶=4.3-2.11/6.69-2.11γ=6.69-4.3/6.69-2.114-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）組織組成物：低溫/變態(tài)萊氏體Ld’(P+Fe3CII+Fe3C)相組成物：鐵素體α

，滲碳體Fe3C共晶白口鑄鐵室溫金相Ld’

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Metallgraphy5.共晶白口鐵（C%=4.3%）共晶白口鑄鐵的結(jié)晶過程：點擊播放動畫共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織：Ld’共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）共晶白口鐵的室溫組織：Ld’

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Metallgraphy工業(yè)純鐵<0.0218%C鋼0.0218-2.11%C白口鑄鐵2.11~6.69%C鐵碳合金類別

化學(xué)成分wc(%)室溫平衡組織工業(yè)純鐵0~0.0218F鋼共析鋼0.77P亞共析鋼0.0218~0.77F+P過共析鋼0.77~2.11P+Fe3CII白口鑄鐵共晶白口鑄鐵4.3Ld'亞共晶白口鑄鐵2.11~4.3P+Fe3CII+Ld'過共晶白口鑄鐵4.3~6.69Ld'+Fe3CI鐵碳合金的分類：

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Metallgraphy6.亞共晶白口鑄鐵（2.11%<C%<4.3%）亞共晶白口鑄鐵結(jié)晶過程示意圖Ld’LdLdLd

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Metallgraphy

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）亞共晶白口鐵相組成物：F、Fe3C

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）亞共晶白口鐵組織組成物：P+Fe3CII+Ld'（P+Fe3CII+Fe3C共晶）

Jincheng,YuInst.MechanicalTechnology

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）亞共晶白口鐵組織組成物：P+Fe3CII+Ld'（P+Fe3CII+Fe3C共晶）Fe3C共晶=4.3-2.11/6.69-2.11×Ld%γ2=6.69-4.3/6.69-2.11×Ld%γ=γ1+γ21XX亞共晶白口鑄鐵的結(jié)晶過程：點擊播放動畫亞共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織：

P+Fe3CII+Ld'亞共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織

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Metallgraphy組織組成物：P,

Ld’,Fe3CⅡ相組成物：鐵素體α

，滲碳體Fe3C

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Metallgraphy6.亞共晶白口鑄鐵（2.11%<C%<4.3%）7.過共晶白口鑄鐵（4.3%<wC<6.69%）過共晶白口鑄鐵結(jié)晶過程示意圖Ld’LdLdLdFe3CⅠ

Jincheng,YuInst.MechanicalTechnology

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Metallgraphy

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）過共晶白口鐵相組成物：F、Fe3C

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Metallgraphy4-3Crystallizationandmicrostructureoftypicalalloy（2）過共晶白口鐵組織組成物：Ld'+

Fe3CI過共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織：Ld'+

Fe3CI過共晶白口鑄鐵平衡組織過共晶白口鑄鐵的結(jié)晶過程：

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Metallgraphy過共晶白口鑄鐵室溫金相組織組成物：Ld’,Fe3CⅠ相組成物：鐵素體α

，滲碳體Fe3CFe3CⅠ

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Metallgraphy白口鑄鐵的平衡組織共晶白口鐵

Ld’亞共晶白鐵

P+Fe3CII+Ld'

過共晶白口鐵

Ld'+

Fe3CI

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Metallgraphy工業(yè)純鐵<0.0218%C鋼0.0218-2.11%C白口鑄鐵2.11~6.69%C鐵碳合金類別

化學(xué)成分wc(%)室溫平衡組織工業(yè)純鐵0~0.0218F鋼共析鋼0.77P亞共析鋼0.0218~0.77F+P過共析鋼0.77~2.11P+Fe3CII白口鑄鐵共晶白口鑄鐵4.3Ld'亞共晶白口鑄鐵2.11~4.3P+Fe3CII+Ld'過共晶白口鑄鐵4.3~6.69Ld'+Fe3CI鐵碳合金的分類：

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Metallgraphy鐵碳合金平衡狀態(tài)圖（點擊播放動畫）共析鋼亞共析鋼過共析鋼共晶亞共晶過共晶

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Metallgraphy20鋼45鋼65鋼T8鋼T12鋼亞共析鋼過共析鋼共析鋼PF+PP+Fe3CII

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Metallgraphy碳鋼的平衡組織匯總小結(jié)：標注相的鐵碳相圖

Jincheng,YuInst.Mechanica