2014考研英語寫作強(qiáng)化講義(打印版)_第1頁
2014考研英語寫作強(qiáng)化講義(打印版)_第2頁
2014考研英語寫作強(qiáng)化講義(打印版)_第3頁
2014考研英語寫作強(qiáng)化講義(打印版)_第4頁
2014考研英語寫作強(qiáng)化講義(打印版)_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩13頁未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

PAGEPAGE6第二節(jié)小作文一、書信格式:文體/語域:1、正式文體:大作文、公務(wù)書信、公務(wù)告示、報(bào)告、摘要最好不用縮寫、省略或口語表達(dá);2、半正式文體:私人書信、私人告示、備忘錄最好使用3-5次??s寫:I’m,It’s,They’re(完整:Iam,Itis,Theyare)省略:Lookingforwardtoyourreply.(完整:Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.)口語表達(dá):Bytheway,順便說一句Asyouknow,如你所知Guesswhat?你猜怎么著?(一)稱呼:1、寫給機(jī)構(gòu):DearSirorMadam,(06、07)DearSir/Madam,ToWhomItMayConcern,(致有關(guān)人士)2、寫給個(gè)人:Dear+人名,1)08:DearBob,2)09:DearEditors,3)11:DearNeo,4)12:DearFriends,(二)正文:3段,7句,100-130詞,3-5個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞,3-5個(gè)從句1、第一段:1-2句1)自我介紹:私人書信除外(1)工作人員:A.05:Iamastaffmemberofyourcompany.B.06:IamastaffmemberofMotorola(China)ElectronicsLtd.(2)學(xué)生:A.07:Iamafreshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduateintheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureofPekingUniversity.B.12:IamthepresidentoftheStudents’UnionofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.2)寫作目的:書信中心思想,改寫提綱一(1)08:Iamwritingtheletterforpurposeofexpressingmysincereapologytoyou.(道歉信)(2)09/12:Iamwritingthelettertogive/propose/offersome/severaluseful/conducive/practicalsuggestions/proposals/recommendationstoyou.(建議信)(3)11:Iamwritingthelettertorecommendmyfavoritemovietoyou.(推薦信)2、第二段:3句左右,改寫提綱二1)主題句:1句2)分論點(diǎn)一:1句3)分論點(diǎn)二:1句3、第三段:2句1)表示感謝:部分私人書信除外(1)Mythanksforyoutoyourgeneroushelparebeyondwords.我對(duì)您慷慨幫助的感謝難以言表。(2)WordsfailmewhenIwishtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyou.感激之情,溢于言表。(3)Itakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartfeltappreciationtothekindassistanceyourenderme.我想借此機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)您的熱心幫助表示衷心的感謝。2)期待回信(1)Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.盼即賜復(fù)。(2)Iamlookingforwardtoyourfavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.期待您在方便之時(shí)盡快給予我圓滿的答復(fù)。(3)Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.十分感謝您對(duì)我的詢問給予及時(shí)的關(guān)注。3)寫作目的(三)落款:1、結(jié)尾客套:1)萬能:Yourssincerely,或Sincerelyyours,2)私人:Yoursfaithfully,或Faithfullyyours,3)公務(wù):Yourstruly,或Trulyyours,2、落款:LiMing或ZhangWei書寫格式:縮進(jìn)式段與段之間不空行,每段首行縮進(jìn)四個(gè)字母二、書信類應(yīng)用文:1、十大必背范文之一:08真題:道歉+建議信Directions:YouhavejustcomebackfromCanada1)makeanapology,and2)suggestasolutionDearBob:I’mwritingtoapologizeforhavingforgottentoreturnthe“theBeatles”CDtoyouwhenIleftCanada.IwasinsuchahurrythatIpackedeverythinginmyluggagewithoutcheckingcarefully.HadIpaidmoreattentionthen,Iwouldn’thavemadesuchastupidmistake.NowsomethingmustbedonetosolvetheproblembecauseIunderstandyoucherishtheCDenormously.Icaneithersendittoyoubyexpressmailoralternativelycompensateyouatareasonableprice.Ifyoudonotmind,ImaybringitbacktoyounexttimeIgotoCanada.Pleaseletmeknowwhichsolutionyoupreferatyourearliestconvenience.Ireallyhopeyouwillacceptmysincereapology.FaithfullyyoursLiMing參考譯文:親愛的鮑勃:我寫此信的目的是為了向你道歉。在離開加拿大時(shí),我忘了把那盤披頭士樂隊(duì)的CD還給你。走的時(shí)候太匆忙了,我把所有東西都塞到行李中,沒有仔細(xì)檢查。當(dāng)時(shí)要是多加注意的話,就不會(huì)犯這種低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤了。因?yàn)槲抑滥闾貏e珍愛那盤CD,所以一定要想辦法解決這個(gè)問題。我可以寄快遞包裹給你,也可以按合理的價(jià)格賠償你的損失。如果你不介意的話,我也可以在下次去加拿大的時(shí)候把它給你帶回去。請(qǐng)?jiān)诜奖愕臅r(shí)候盡快讓我知道你傾向哪一種解決方案。希望你能接受我真誠的道歉。您真誠的李明2、十大必背范文之二:2009真題:建議信/致編輯信(=短議論文)教材115頁Directions:Restrictionsontheuseofplasticbagshavenotbeensosuccessfulinsomeregions.“WhitePollution”isstillgoingon.Writealettertotheeditor(s)ofyourlocalnewspaperto1)giveyouropinionsbriefly,and2)maketwoorthreesuggestions.DearEditors:welcometoalloftheoverseasstudentsfromallovertheworldtostudyinouruniversity.Itismygreatpleasuretoofferyouseveralpracticalsuggestions.Inthefirstplace,lifeinthisprestigiousuniversityperhapsisnotaseasyasyouhaveexpected.Youmaybetightlyboundbycontinualclasses,abundanthomeworkandexams.Then,bepreparedforthehecticlifehere.Inthesecondplace,inspiteofallthoseburdens,variousextracurricularactivitiessuchassportsmeets,speechcontests,socialgatheringsstillwillprovideampleopportunitytomakefriends.So,enjoyyourlifeinthisesteemedinstitute!Allinall,althoughthereisalotofpressure,thetimeyouspendonourcampuswillbeworthwhileinyourwholelife.Hopeyoulikeithere!Yourssincerely,LiMing親愛的朋友們:我謹(jǐn)代表北京外國(guó)語大學(xué)學(xué)生會(huì),向來我校學(xué)習(xí)的留學(xué)生表達(dá)衷心的歡迎。我很榮幸地向你們提出一些實(shí)用的建議。首先,這所著名學(xué)府的生活也許不像你們所設(shè)想的那么輕松。你們可能會(huì)陷入面臨繁重的課程、大量的作業(yè)和考試。因此,做好準(zhǔn)備迎接這里的繁忙生活吧。其次,盡管有以上負(fù)擔(dān),運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)、演講比賽、聯(lián)誼會(huì)等各種各樣的課外活動(dòng)仍會(huì)提供大量結(jié)交朋友的機(jī)會(huì)。所以,盡情享受這所著名大學(xué)里的生活吧!總之,盡管有很多壓力,但你們?cè)谖覀冃@里度過的時(shí)光仍將是你一生中一段有意義的歲月。希望你們喜歡這里!您真誠的,李明7、十大必背范文之七:2012英語(二)真題:投訴信(教材122頁)Directions:Supposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronicdictionarythatyouboughtfromanonlinestoretheotherday.Writeanemailtothecustomerservicecenterto1)makeacomplaint,and2)demandapromptsolution.DearSirorMadam:IboughtanelectronicdictionaryfromyouronlinestoreonJanuary1st,butIfoundithassomeproblemsafterusingitforashortperiodoftime.Tobeginwith,thebatteryneedsrechargingafteramere2hoursofuse.ThismeansthatIneedtocarrymychargerwithmewhenIgooutforaday.Inaddition,thebuttonsontheelectronicdictionaryaresosmallthatitisnearlyimpossibletotypeanythingwiththem.Personally,Ifindthistobecompletelyunacceptable.Therefore,Iwouldliketoeitherchangetheelectronicdictionaryforanothermodelthatworkswellorafullrefund.Yourhelpisgreatlyappreciated.YourssincerelyZhangWei尊敬的先生或女士:1月1日我在貴網(wǎng)店購買了一部電子詞典,但在使用了一段時(shí)間之后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)它有一些問題。首先,在僅僅使用兩小時(shí)之后,電池就需要充電。這就意味著當(dāng)我出門一天時(shí),就需要隨身攜帶充電器。此外,這部電子詞典的按鍵如此之小,以至于幾乎無法通過鍵盤輸入任何東西。對(duì)我個(gè)人而言,我認(rèn)為這一點(diǎn)完全不能接受。因此,我希望要么為我換一個(gè)能運(yùn)行正常的型號(hào),要么全額退款。非常感謝您的幫助。您真誠的張偉8、十大必背范文之八:備忘錄/報(bào)告:Directions:Theenvironmentalprotectionclubisgoingtoorganizesomeactivitieswiththethemeof“CreatingGreenCultureandBuildingLow-CarbonCampus”.Astheclubleader,youwillwriteamemotothememberstoexplaintheimportanceandarrangementsofthoseactivities.Donotsignyourownname.Use“LiMing”instead.To:AllclubmembersFrom:LiMingDate:January19,2013Subject:CreatingGreenCultureandBuildingLow-CarbonCampusWearegoingtolaunchaseriesofactivitiestopromotelow-carbonlifestyle,ormorespecificallytoadvocateenergyefficiency,wasteminimizationandrecycling.Thisgreenlifestyleisapotentialrecipeforahealthierandmorehabitableenvironmentandhighlyrecommendabletoeveryperson.Toattractmoreschoolmatestoacceptthislow-carbonlifestyle,wewillholdlecturestointroducethenewlifeconcept,makebroadcastprogramstorecordlow-carbonexperiencearoundusandhostanexhibitionoffruitsofrecyclingtoencouragestudentstomakethebestuseofoldstuff.Inaddition,wewillhandoutleafletstoeverydormitory,recommendingstudentstoswitchoffunusedlightsandotherelectricalequipments,recyclepaper,batteriesandplasticbottles,andtravelbybicycle,busorsubway.Allmembersarerequiredtotakepartinthoseaboveactivities.Othercreativethoughtsandbrilliantideasaboutactivityplanwillbeencouraged.(148words)致:全體成員自:李明日期:2013年1月19日主題:創(chuàng)建綠色文化,建設(shè)低碳校園我們將舉辦一系列推廣低碳生活的活動(dòng),更準(zhǔn)確的說,就是推廣有效利用能源,減少浪費(fèi)和回收利用。綠色生活是實(shí)現(xiàn)更健康更宜居環(huán)境的訣竅,應(yīng)該推薦給每個(gè)人。為了吸引更多的校友接受低碳生活,我們將舉辦講座介紹新的生活理念,制作廣播節(jié)目記錄我們身邊的低碳經(jīng)歷并且舉辦回收成果展覽以鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生利用舊東西。另外,我們將向各寢室發(fā)放傳單,以建議同學(xué)關(guān)掉不用的電燈、電器;回收紙、電池和塑料瓶;乘自行車、公交、地鐵出行。所有成員要求參加上述活動(dòng)。大家可以提出其他關(guān)于活動(dòng)計(jì)劃的創(chuàng)意和好點(diǎn)子。三、摘要:Directions:ReadthefollowingChinesetextandwriteanabstractofitin80-100EnglishwordsonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)摘要:summary,thesis(一)解題步驟:1、總結(jié)中文摘要:2分鐘總結(jié)中心句(段首或段尾句)2、中譯英:13分鐘經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的主要原因第一段:20世紀(jì)50年代初以來,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化獲得迅猛發(fā)展。簡(jiǎn)單歸納,其原因主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面:第二段:全球化的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。科技進(jìn)步為全球化快速發(fā)展提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)手段??萍几锩墙?jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的最根本的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和動(dòng)力,歷史上歷次科技革命都促進(jìn)了社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力的飛躍發(fā)展,同時(shí)也促進(jìn)了整個(gè)世界的融合。20世紀(jì)50年代以電子技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)等為主要標(biāo)志的新的科技革命的興起,使科技日益成為社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的先導(dǎo),成為影響生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的至關(guān)重要的因素??萍贾R(shí)在社會(huì)生產(chǎn)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域中得到廣泛傳播和運(yùn)用,勞動(dòng)者的智能和技能得到進(jìn)一步的開發(fā),創(chuàng)造出越來越多的物質(zhì)和精神財(cái)富,極大地促進(jìn)了世界生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展,生產(chǎn)社會(huì)化程度日益提高,國(guó)際分工日益深化,各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)以此為基礎(chǔ)緊密相聯(lián),世界經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入一個(gè)全新的繁榮時(shí)期。同時(shí),新科技革命使得科技成果積累的速度大大加快,新材料、新產(chǎn)品不斷涌現(xiàn),大量高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷產(chǎn)生,在世界范圍內(nèi)促進(jìn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)移,新的產(chǎn)業(yè)布局開始形成,以信息技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以高新技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)部門也蓬勃興起并迅速發(fā)展,快速取代了傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)而逐漸成為經(jīng)濟(jì)的主導(dǎo)部門推進(jìn)的重要?jiǎng)恿υ?。第三段:全球化的?jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位不斷增強(qiáng),跨國(guó)公司的突飛發(fā)展,國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的不斷完善為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。第四段:首先,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制成為世界各國(guó)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的首選。20世紀(jì)80年代末至90年代初,世界形勢(shì)發(fā)生了重大變化,東歐劇變,蘇聯(lián)解體,40多年的冷戰(zhàn)格局最終結(jié)束。冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,國(guó)際形勢(shì)總體上走向緩和。各國(guó)紛紛把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)列為首要目標(biāo),普遍擴(kuò)大了對(duì)外開放,和平與發(fā)展成為當(dāng)今時(shí)代的兩大主題。前蘇聯(lián)和東歐國(guó)家先后走上了向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)過渡的軌道,改行自由市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì),并積極致力于融入西方經(jīng)濟(jì)體系。中國(guó)在長(zhǎng)期的實(shí)踐中,也逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)的不足和弊端,自1978年起開始實(shí)行以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向的、全面的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革,大力推行對(duì)外開放,努力實(shí)現(xiàn)同世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的接軌,目前已成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分。這一切都說明,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制已成為不同制度、不同發(fā)展層次國(guó)家的共同選擇,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)已基本實(shí)現(xiàn)了全球化,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化是以市場(chǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的,沒有市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)就沒有生產(chǎn)要素在國(guó)際間的自由流動(dòng),就談不上經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化。第五段:其次,力量不斷壯大的跨國(guó)公司成為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的中堅(jiān)力量??鐕?guó)公司是以本國(guó)作為基地,通過對(duì)外直接投資,在世界各地設(shè)立分支機(jī)構(gòu)和子公司,從事國(guó)際化生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)的企業(yè)??鐕?guó)公司憑借其雄厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和靈活的經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略,以全球?yàn)楣S,以它所在的各個(gè)國(guó)家為車間,在全球范圍內(nèi)充分利用各地的優(yōu)勢(shì)組織生產(chǎn)和流通,通過自己廣泛的經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了商品和資本等生產(chǎn)要素在全球范圍內(nèi)的整合,促進(jìn)了生產(chǎn)在國(guó)家間的水平分工和垂直分工,使之密切聯(lián)系在一起,從而為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的微觀基礎(chǔ),并成為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的主要推動(dòng)力量和主要載體。第六段:最后,國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的組織保障。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以后,生產(chǎn)力的不斷提高,生產(chǎn)力的國(guó)際化使得越來越多的商品、資本、勞動(dòng)進(jìn)入國(guó)際交流.各國(guó)的國(guó)際分工和相互依賴性不斷增強(qiáng)。這種日益增強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系要求突破原有的國(guó)家間的障礙,實(shí)現(xiàn)全球范圍內(nèi)的更高層次的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,這就要求有超脫于國(guó)家之外的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織發(fā)揮重要作用。戰(zhàn)后,國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)日益明顯,國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)作不斷加強(qiáng)。在當(dāng)今國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中,世行、世貿(mào)組織、國(guó)際貨幣基金組織等世界性經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的調(diào)節(jié)作用越來越大,而且還出現(xiàn)出進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)的趨勢(shì)。世貿(mào)組織(WTO)所制定的關(guān)于貿(mào)易、投資等方面的制度和規(guī)則,成為規(guī)范全球經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行,創(chuàng)造自由、公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境的統(tǒng)一制度和規(guī)則,作為世界金融領(lǐng)域的重要國(guó)際組織,即國(guó)際貨幣基金組織(IMF)和世界銀行(WB)也在國(guó)際金融全球化進(jìn)程中扮演了重要的角色。這些國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的成立使得國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)際金融運(yùn)行有了統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則,對(duì)成員國(guó)的經(jīng)貿(mào)活動(dòng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)行為起著協(xié)調(diào)和規(guī)范作用。這些都為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展起著制度保障作用。(1590字)中文摘要20世紀(jì)50年代初以來,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化獲得迅猛發(fā)展。簡(jiǎn)單歸納,其原因主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面。全球化的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)??萍歼M(jìn)步為全球化快速發(fā)展提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)手段。全球化的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。首先,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制成為世界各國(guó)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的首選。其次,力量不斷壯大的跨國(guó)公司成為經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的中堅(jiān)力量。最后,國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)組織是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的組織保障。(155字)題目大小寫:1)首尾兩單詞首字母大寫2)實(shí)詞首字母大寫,虛詞小寫(1)實(shí)詞:名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞(2)虛詞:介詞、冠詞、連詞例外:五個(gè)字母以上的介詞首字母大寫,如without,toward等十大必背范文之九:經(jīng)濟(jì)類摘要(教材98頁)MainReasonsofEconomicGlobalizationSincetheearly1950s,economicglobalizationhasbeendevelopingrapidly.Brieflyspeaking,itsreasonsmainlyincludethefollowingones.Thefirstreasonisthetechnicalfoundationofeconomicglobalization.Advancementsinscienceandtechnologyhaveprovidedthematerialbasisandthetechnicalmeansfortherapiddevelopmentofglobalization.Thesecondreasonistheeconomicfoundationofglobalization.Firstly,themarketeconomyhasbecomethefirstchoiceofpromotingeconomyforeverycountryintheworld.Secondly,multinationalswhichareexpandingcontinuouslyhavebecomethecenterofeconomicglobalization.Lastly,internationaleconomicorganizationshavebeentheorganicsafeguardsforthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization.(104words)摘要復(fù)習(xí)方法:1)詞匯中譯英:社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、人文科學(xué)來源:近十年真題2)背誦寫作范文及近五年閱讀A節(jié)經(jīng)典文章:四、告示類應(yīng)用文:十大必背范文之十:2010英語(一)真題:Directions:Youaresupposedtowriteforthepostgraduateassociationanoticetorecruitvolunteersforaninternationalconferenceonglobalization.Thenoticeshouldincludethebasicqualificationofapplicantandtheotherinformationyouthinkrelative.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthenotice.Use"postgraduateassociation"instead.(10points)NoticeVolunteersareneededfortheInternationalConferenceonGlobalizationtobeheldonthiscampusinearlyJuly.BasicrequirementsarefamiliaritywiththethemeoftheconferenceandproficiencyofEnglish.Otherrequirementsincludeinterpersonalcommunicationability,familiaritywithourcityintermsofitstouristattractionsanditshistory,propermanners,andsenseofresponsibility.Priorityandpreferencewillbegiventothoseexperienced,eitherininternationalconferenceorinothersimilaractivities.Call86754321orsendmessagestopostgr_ass@foranapplicationandforinformationontheinterview.Enquiriesareencouragedbutvisitsdeclined.(97words)ThePostgraduate’sAssociation告示七月初將于本校舉行關(guān)于全球化的國(guó)際研討會(huì),現(xiàn)招募志愿者?;疽笫鞘煜け敬螘?huì)議的主題以及精通英語。其他要求包括人際溝通能力、熟悉我市的景點(diǎn)及歷史,舉止適當(dāng),有責(zé)任感。優(yōu)先考慮參加過國(guó)際會(huì)議或其他類似活動(dòng)的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)者。申請(qǐng)職位以及咨詢面試相關(guān)信息,請(qǐng)致電86754321或發(fā)送郵件到postgr_ass@。歡迎垂詢,謝絕來訪。研究生會(huì)第三節(jié)大作文一、考研大作文框架結(jié)構(gòu):教材143頁3段,12句左右,160-250詞,5-7個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞,5-7個(gè)從句(一)Introduction:第一段,3句左右1、圖表或圖畫描述:圖表或圖畫作文1)Generaldescription總體描述:1句,人物/動(dòng)物/事物+動(dòng)作+環(huán)境(圖畫)或主題+對(duì)象+時(shí)間(圖表)2)Details1,2,3細(xì)節(jié)描述:1-2句,挖掘細(xì)節(jié)詞、串連成句3)(Caption文字說明/Symbolicmeanings象征寓意)2、現(xiàn)狀說明:提綱或情景作文1)Backgroundinformation背景交代:1句2)Generaltalkofthetopic引出主題:1句3)Thesis:statespecificallywhatyouropinionis確立論點(diǎn):1句,全文中心思想(二)Body:第二段,5句左右1、Topicsentence:主題句,1句2、Argument:論證,3句左右,四大論證手段1)CauseandEffect:因果論證2)Exemplification:舉例論證(1)Numerousexamplescanbegiven,butthis/thesewillsuffice.(2)Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthefollowingone(s).(3)This/Thesecase(s)effectivelyclarifythat…3)CompareandContrast:正反論證4)圖畫作文創(chuàng)作原則:聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)以小見大,把握象征寓意,個(gè)體想為群體,具體想為抽象聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)核心詞:represent代表,symbolize象征,epitomize是…的縮影,benaturallyassociatedwith自然與…聯(lián)系起來3、(Summary:小結(jié),概括論證、總結(jié)本段,1句)(三)Conclusion:結(jié)論段,4句左右1、Concludingsentence:結(jié)論句,1句2、Suggestions1、2:兩點(diǎn)建議或兩句評(píng)論3、包裝結(jié)尾、展望未來:1句,三大優(yōu)秀句型1)倒裝句:Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvethisproblem.2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句:Itispersistentworkthatisconducivetoyourgraspingaconsiderablevocabulary.3)虛擬語氣:Itishightimethatweimprovedthepresentsituation.二、圖畫作文:1、十大必背范文之一:2000年考研真題(教材159頁)Directions:A.Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayinatleast150words.B.YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.C.Youressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:1)Describethepictures.2)Deducethepurposeofthepainterofthepictures.3)Suggestcountermeasures.第一段:Asisshowninthepictures,withtherampancyofcommercialfishing,thenumberoffishhasdramaticallyshrunk.Inthefirstpicture,welearnthattheyear1900witnessedaquiteencouragingsceneofworldfishing.Therewerevariouskindsoffishandonlyonefishing-boat.Onthecontrary,in1995therewasonlyonefishswimmingfreelybutmanyfishing-boatssailinginthesea.Itisapparentthatadisastrouschangehasoccurred.第二段:Thepurposeofthepicturesistotellusthatdueattentionhastobepaidtothereductionofoceanresources.Owingtotheover-exploitationofmarineresources,thenumberoffishhasdeclinedatanacceleratingrate.Ifweletthissituationcontinueasitis,wedonotknowwherefishwillbeinthefuture.Bythattime,ourenvironmentwillsufferagreatdestruction.第三段:Hence,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticmeasurestoreversethisdisturbingtrendillustratedintheabovepictures.Foronething,weshouldappealtoourauthoritiestomakestrictlawstocontrolcommercialfishing.Foranother,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofpeoplethattheoceanresourcesareofgreatsignificancetous.Onlyinthiswaycanweprotectouroceanresources.Also,Ibelievethatwehumanscansurmountthisdifficulty,andwewillhaveabrilliantfuture.參考譯文:如圖所示,隨著商業(yè)捕魚的泛濫,魚的數(shù)量已經(jīng)顯著下降。在第一幅圖中,我們可以看到在1900年,世界捕魚業(yè)是鼓舞人心的,畫面上有很多魚,只有一艘漁船。而在第二幅圖中,在1995年,只有一條魚在游動(dòng),但有很多漁船在海上航行。顯而易見,災(zāi)難性的變化已經(jīng)發(fā)生。這組畫的目的是告訴我們應(yīng)該對(duì)海洋資源的減少給予充分重視。由于海洋資源的過度開發(fā),魚的數(shù)量已經(jīng)明顯下降。如果聽任這種情況發(fā)展,我們不知道魚的未來在哪兒。到那時(shí),我們的環(huán)境將會(huì)遭受巨大的破壞。因此,我們急需采取嚴(yán)厲措施扭轉(zhuǎn)圖畫中所示的令人困擾的趨勢(shì)。一方面,我們應(yīng)該呼吁各級(jí)政府制定嚴(yán)格的法律來控制商業(yè)捕魚。另一方面,我們應(yīng)該增強(qiáng)人們的意識(shí):海洋資源對(duì)我們非常重要。只有這樣才能保護(hù)我們的海洋資源。同時(shí),我相信我們?nèi)祟惸軌蚩朔@個(gè)困難,并將擁有美好的未來。2、十大必背范文之二:2005年真題Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyourcommentonit..圖畫描述:Thispicturerevealsanot-uncommonphenomenonofhoweldersaretreatedbytheirgrown-upchildreninsomeofthefamiliesinChina.Whentheyaretoooldtotakecareofthemselves,theeldersbecomeburdenstobekickedaroundbytheirsonsanddaughterslikeafootball,apitifulandunjustsightthatwillarouseindignationamongmanyChinese.意義闡釋:Asanationrenownedintheworldformanyofitsvirtues,theChinesepeoplehavebeenpracticingfilialpietythroughouthistory.Manymuch-toldstoriesreiteratethistime-honoredvirtueoflovingandrespectingtheelders,likethestoryofTiyingintheWestHanDynastywhoriskedherlifeinordertosaveherwrongedfatherfromcorporalpunishment.Thosewhotryeverymeanstoavoidtheirdutiesoflookingaftertheireldersshouldbearinmindthattheyaremuchindebtedtotheirparentsfortheirbirthandgrowth.Withoutthelovingcareandunrelentingworkoftheirparents,howcouldtheyhavegrownuphealthilyandsuccessfully?Howcoulditbepossibleforthemtogoaboutwithoutthepricksofconscience?建議措施:Everyoneofusshouldliveuptothevirtuespasseddowntousbyourancestors.OnlyinthiswaycanwebeworthyofthenameofaChinese.(214words)這幅圖畫反映了一些中國(guó)家庭中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象——子女成年后如何對(duì)待他們的父母。當(dāng)父母年齡太大,不能照顧自己的時(shí)候,他們就成了負(fù)擔(dān),被自己的子女們像足球一樣踢來踢去。這是一種不公正的可鄙現(xiàn)象,引起了很多中國(guó)人的憤慨。作為一個(gè)以很多美德聞名于世的民族,中國(guó)人民自古以來一直奉行孝道。許多廣為傳頌的故事反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)了這種歷史悠久的愛老敬老的傳統(tǒng),如西漢時(shí)緹縈舍身營(yíng)救蒙冤的父親免于肉刑的故事。那些千方百計(jì)逃避照顧雙親的責(zé)任的子女們應(yīng)該牢記,他們?cè)诔錾统砷L(zhǎng)的過程中虧欠父母太多了。沒有父母關(guān)懷備至的照料和不懈的工作,他們?cè)跄芙】党砷L(zhǎng)并且取得成功?他們?cè)跄芘按改付皇艿搅夹牡淖l責(zé)?我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該遵守從祖先那里傳承下來的美德。只有這樣我們才能無愧為中國(guó)人。3、十大必背范文之三:2006年真題Directions:Studythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethephotosbriefly;2)interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,and3)giveyourpointofview.圖畫描述:Asisvividlydepictedinthephotosabove,Beckham,thesmartBritishfootballsuperstar,isenjoyingastrikingpopularityamongtheadolescents.Inthefirstpicture,Beckham’snameappearsonayoungman’sface.Thecaptionindicatesthatworshipfortheidoliswrittenontheface.Inthesecondphotograph,anotheryoungpersonisdoingBeckham’schichairstyleinabarbershop.Weareinformedthatheisspending300yuanimitatinghisidol’shaircut.意義闡釋:Undoubtedly,thepictureshavesubtlyreflectedthesocialphenomenonthatidolworshipisprevalentamongtheteenagersnowadays.Beckhamrepresentstheimageofsportherowhosehandsomeappearanceandunparalleledfootballskillsarepassionatelyadoredbyallthesportsfans.Likewise,severalteenagegirlswontheirfameovernightinThe2005SuperGirlContestinChina,whichprovokednationwidenoisydebatesonthevalueandharmofadmiringtheseidols.Brieflyspeaking,youngpeopleareinclinedtoidolizethepeoplewhoexcelinappearance,intelligenceortalent.建議措施:Hence,idolatry,thethought-provokingsocialphenomenon,isadouble-edgedswordwhichcanexertprofoundinfluenceonthegrowthofyoungpeople.Ifwesimplyworshiptheidolsbyimitatingtheirhairstyleorpursuingfashionsunreasonably,theobsessionwillcertainlywasteusagreatdealoftimeandmoney,endangeringtheefficiencyofourwork.Onthecontrary,wewillleadapositiveandfruitfullifeifweendeavortoimproveourselvesbybridgingthegapbetweenourmodelsandus.Accordingly,thelatterattitudeshouldbeadoptedtodirectourwayoflife.(255words)以上的照片生動(dòng)地顯示出來,相貌英俊的英國(guó)足球巨星貝克漢姆在年輕人中廣受歡迎。在第一張照片中,貝克漢姆的名字出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)年輕人的額頭上。文字表明:對(duì)偶像的崇拜寫在了臉上。在第二張照片中,這個(gè)年輕人正在理發(fā)店中做貝克漢姆的時(shí)髦發(fā)型。我們得到的信息是他正花300元來模仿偶像的發(fā)式。毫無疑問,照片巧妙地反映了這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象:偶像崇拜目前在青年人中非常盛行。貝克漢姆代表了體育界英雄的形象,他的英俊外表以及高超的球技正是球迷們熱情追捧的。同樣,2005年中國(guó)舉辦的“超級(jí)女生”大賽中,幾個(gè)十幾歲的女孩一夜成名。圍繞著崇拜這些偶像的意義和危害,這個(gè)事件激起了全國(guó)性的爭(zhēng)論。總之,青年人往往容易崇拜那些在外表、才華和特長(zhǎng)方面極其出色的人。在我看來,偶像崇拜這個(gè)發(fā)人深思的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,其實(shí)是把雙刃劍,可以深刻影響青年人成長(zhǎng)。如果我們只是靠模仿偶像發(fā)型或追逐時(shí)尚的方式來崇拜他們,這種癡迷將必定浪費(fèi)我們大量的金錢和時(shí)間,影響我們的工作效率。相反,如果我們靠彌補(bǔ)我們和榜樣之間的差距來努力提高自己,我們就會(huì)過一種積極和收獲顯著的生活。因此,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)采取后面一種態(tài)度來指引我們的人生。4、十大必背范文之四:2007年真題Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.圖畫描述:Aswecanseefromthepicture,afootballmatchisgoingon.Onguardingthegoal,themanontheleftseemstobekeepinga“hugeone”thatiseasyandinevitableforagoal,whilethepersonontherighthesitatestokicktheballwithanillusionaboutthe“hugekeeper”.Itisobviousthatbothofthemexaggeratethedifficultiesinfrontofthem.意義闡釋:Thispicturedoesreflectathought-provokingsocialphenomenonwhichisnotuncommoninChinanow.Theyoungalwaysgiveupbecausetheproblemisbeyondtheirabilitytocopewith.Superficially,itseemstobesomewhatreasonable,butwhenweighinginthemind,wefindthereisanapparenttendencyunderlyingthisphenomenon:thelackofconfidence.Firstly,itiswell-knownthatweexistinadynamicworldwithvariousdifficulties.Wecandonothingbutfacethem.Secondly,attitudeisthekeypointtotakethefirststep.Assumingbraveryandconfidencetosolvetheproblem,youwillfindthequestionisnotas“huge”asyouimagine.Takeusforexample,theentranceexamforgraduatestudentsevenseemstobeahorriblemonsterbeforeus.Somepeoplegiveup,somepersist.So,withconfidenceandtherightassessmentofthedifficulties,tryandexertourstrength,andthenwewillovercomeallproblems.Onthewhole,Ibelieveweyoungpeopleshouldfacethedifficultiesinrightmanner.Andnothingisimpossible,justdoit.(243words)如圖所示,一場(chǎng)足球賽正在進(jìn)行。左邊的人似乎在守一個(gè)對(duì)于射門輕而易舉、不可避免的“大門”,而右邊的人由于擁有關(guān)于“巨大守門員”的幻覺,踢球很猶豫。顯而易見,他們兩個(gè)人都夸大了面前的困難。這幅圖畫確實(shí)反映了一個(gè)目前在中國(guó)很普遍同時(shí)發(fā)人深思的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。由于問題超出他們應(yīng)對(duì)的能力,年輕人總是放棄。表面上看,這幅圖畫似乎有一些道理,但當(dāng)我們仔細(xì)思考時(shí),我們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在這個(gè)現(xiàn)象之下有一個(gè)明顯的趨勢(shì):缺乏自信。首先,眾所周知,我們生活在一個(gè)充滿各種困難的多元化世界。我們別無選擇,只能面對(duì)。其次,態(tài)度是采取第一步的關(guān)鍵。擁有勇氣和信心來解決問題,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并非你想象的那么“嚴(yán)重”。以我們自己為例,研究生入學(xué)考試似乎是我們面前的一個(gè)可怕的怪物。有些人放棄了,而有些人則堅(jiān)持了下來。因此,擁有信心和對(duì)困難的正確估計(jì),并且竭盡全力,我們就將解決所有的問題??偠灾艺J(rèn)為我們年輕人應(yīng)該以正確的方式面對(duì)困難。世上無難事,只怕有心人。5、十大必背范文之五:2008年考研真題Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.圖畫描述:Asisvividlydepictedinthepicture,twodisabledmenarerunningfastthroughteamworkalthougheachofthemhasonlyoneleg.Obviously,itisteamworkthatmakesitpossibleforthemtogoanywheretheywantto.意義闡釋:Simpleasitis,whatthepictureconveystousisthought-provoking.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,competitionisincreasinglyfierce.Itisimpossibleforanyonetofinishaworkallbyhimself.Hence,peopleinmountingnumbersputgreatemphasisonteamwork.Infact,ithasbeenuniversallyacknowledgedthattheabilityofteamworkisthemostessentialqualificationthatanyonewhowantstoachievesuccessshouldpossess.歸納結(jié)論:Accordingly,itisimperativeforustotakesomemeasurestoenhancethesenseofteamworkinoursociety.Weshouldbearinmindthatteamworkisofgreatsignificancetobothoursocietyandourselves.Everyoneshouldhavetheabilityofteamwork.Onlyinthiswaycanweachievesuccessandonlyinthiswaycanoursocietybecomemoreharmonioustolivein.(176words)如圖畫中生動(dòng)所示,盡管每人只有一條腿,但是兩個(gè)殘疾人通過團(tuán)隊(duì)合作正在快速奔跑。顯而易見,正是合作才使得他們走南闖北成為可能。盡管這幅圖畫很簡(jiǎn)單,但它向我們表達(dá)了發(fā)人深省的含義。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日漸激烈。任何人都無法完全獨(dú)立完成一份工作。因此,越來越多的人開始重視團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。事實(shí)上,人們公認(rèn)合作的能力是想要獲得成功的人都應(yīng)該具備的最重要的素質(zhì)。因此,我們迫切需要采取措施來提高人們的合作意識(shí)。我們應(yīng)該牢記合作對(duì)于社會(huì)和自身都非常重要。每個(gè)人都應(yīng)擁有合作的能力。只有這樣我們才能獲得成功,而且只有這樣社會(huì)才能變得更加和諧。6、十大必背范文之六:2009年真題Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.圖畫描述:Asissymbolicallyillustratedinthecartoon,alargenumberofpeoplearesurfingonlinewithinastretchingspiderweb,eithertoentertainthemselvesortomeetthework'sneeds.Unfortunately,itseemsratherironictopresentpeopleseparatedfromeachotherbythespiderwebwhentheyattempttocommunicate.Undoubtedly,thespiderwebservesasasymbolofInternet,bothconnectingpeopleandisolatingthemfromeachother.意義闡釋:ThemetaphoricalandimpressiveportrayalhassubtlyrevealedthedualityoftherelationshipbetweenmanandInternet.Ontheonehand,thereisnodenyingthatInternetiscurrentlyoneofthemostefficientmediausedforinterpersonalcommunication.Asacollegestudent,IgetonlineeverydaytodiscussnewswithotherpeopleonBBS,tostudyEnglishbyregisteringforwebcourses,tochatfreelythroughMSNMessengerwithmyfriends.Butontheotherhand,agoodmanypeopleadmitthattheyaretoomuchaddictedtoInternettomaintainface-to-facecontactwiththeirfriendsandcolleagues.Onceindulgedinthefictitiousworld,peoplefeelreluctanttoapproachothersandtoconcentrateonreallife.That'swhysomepeoplehavelosttheskillofdirectcontactandgetalienatedfromothers.歸納結(jié)論:Hence,itisnecessaryforustouseInternetinareasonablewayandrestrainfromoverindulgence.Afterall,Internetisinventedtoconnectyouandme,andtobringconveniencestoourliferatherthansetabarriertokeeppeoplebeyondreach.(249words)這幅漫畫象征性地闡釋了無論是為了自我娛樂還是適應(yīng)工作的需求,很多人在一個(gè)拉伸的蜘蛛網(wǎng)之內(nèi)網(wǎng)上沖浪。然而,看來相當(dāng)諷刺的地方是,這幅圖呈現(xiàn)了他們?cè)谠噲D互相交流的同時(shí),卻被蜘蛛網(wǎng)彼此隔開。毫無疑問,這個(gè)蜘蛛網(wǎng)作為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一種象征,既連接了人們,又使他們彼此隔離。這幅比喻并使人印象深刻的圖畫象征性揭示了人與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之間的雙重關(guān)系。一方面,不可否認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)目前是用于人際交流的最高效媒介之一。作為一名大學(xué)生,我每天上網(wǎng)與他人在BBS上討論新聞,通過注冊(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程來學(xué)習(xí)英語,借助MSN和我的朋友們免費(fèi)聊天。但另一方面,很多人承認(rèn)他們太沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)而不愿與朋友和同事保持面對(duì)面接觸。一旦沉迷于這種虛幻世界,人們不愿接近他人并關(guān)注現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。這就是一些人喪失了直接溝通技能并與他人疏遠(yuǎn)的原因。因此,我們很有必要以一種合理的方式使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng),避免過度沉迷。畢竟,人們發(fā)明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是為了連接你和我,為我們的生活帶來方便,而非設(shè)置障礙使人彼此疏遠(yuǎn)。7、十大必背范文之七:2010年真題(教材176頁)Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.文化“火鍋”,既美味又營(yíng)養(yǎng)畢昇、老舍、莎士比亞、愛因斯坦、儒、佛、道、仁、禮、啟蒙、人本、后現(xiàn)代、解構(gòu)、京劇、功夫、梁祝、天鵝湖圖畫描述:Asissymbolicallyillustratedintheportrayal,thereisaboilinghotpotcontainingvariousingredientsofmulti-cultures.ThesepluralisticculturescanbecategorizedascelebritieshomeandabroadasBiSheng,LaoShe,ShakespeareandEinstein,philosophicalconceptsasBuddhism,Taoism,Confucianism,benevolence,ritual,humanism,enlightenment,post-modernismanddeconstruction,aswellasperformingartsasPekingOpera,kung-fuandSwan意義闡釋:Thepurposeofthecartoonististoshowusthatinsteadofbeingoutdatedandoflittlevalueinarapidlymodernizingworld,culturalblendingshouldbeencouragedandmaintained.Ontheonehand,mosaicculturesarepartoftheuniversalheritageofhumanityandtheyarepowerfulmeansofbringingtogetherdiversepeoplesandsocialgroups.Consequently,culturalintegrationhasbecomeindispensableasameansofpromotingfurtherculturedevelopmentandmaintenance.Ontheotherhand,forChinaandmanyotherrapidlydevelopingcountries,thereisadangerthatage-oldcustomsandtraditionsmaybecomelostintheshadowsofmodernization.Ifkung-fu,PekingOperaorSwanLakeBalleteverperishedfromtheearth,itwouldbeatragedyofimmeasurableproportions.歸納結(jié)論:Inmyview,multi-culturescanbekeptalivebythepeoplewiththetimetodoso,andisextremelyvitalinensuringacommunity’sfuturedevelopmentandprosperity.Asaconsequenceofsuccessfulcommercializationefforts,unwaveringgovernmentsupportandgrowinginterestoverseas,thefutureofculturalblendinglooksbrighterandmoresecurethaneverbefore.(254words)如圖象征性所示,一只沸騰的火鍋中擁有諸多多元文化元素。這些多元文化可分為畢昇、老舍、莎士比亞、愛因斯坦等國(guó)內(nèi)外名人,佛、道、儒、仁、禮、啟蒙、人本、后現(xiàn)代、解構(gòu)等哲學(xué)概念,以及京劇、功夫、《天鵝湖》等表演藝術(shù)。文字說明顯示:“文化‘火鍋’,既美味又營(yíng)養(yǎng)。”畫家的目的是告訴我們,在迅速現(xiàn)代化的世界里,文化融合并未過時(shí)或失去價(jià)值,相反還應(yīng)受到鼓勵(lì)和保護(hù)。一方面,多元文化作為全體人類遺產(chǎn)的一部分,是將不同人群和社會(huì)群體融合的有力方式。因此,文化融合作為促進(jìn)文化發(fā)展和保護(hù)的一種方式,已經(jīng)不可或缺。另一方面,對(duì)于中國(guó)和其他快速發(fā)展的國(guó)家來說,古老的習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)面臨著在現(xiàn)代化陰影里消失的危險(xiǎn)。如果京劇、功夫或《天鵝湖》從地球上消失,那將是不可估量的損失。在我看來,如果人們能為多元文化花費(fèi)時(shí)間的話,那么它就能夠長(zhǎng)存。這對(duì)確保將來社會(huì)的繁榮和發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。由于成功的商業(yè)化努力、政府堅(jiān)定不移的支持和不斷增長(zhǎng)的海外興趣,多元文化的將來會(huì)比過去任何時(shí)候都明朗、安全。8、十大必背范文之八:2011年真題(教材180頁)Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethe

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論