倒裝結構的用法

倒裝結構的用法第一頁，共30頁。Teaching&LearningAims:WhatInversionis.TwobasicstructuresofInversionTheusageofInversion第二頁，共30頁。WhatInversionisI.Comparethefollowinggroupsofsentences:1.AprofessorsitsinalecturehallofauniversityinEngland.2.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.1.Shewasabletowalkwithoutsticksonlyafterthreeoperations.2.Onlyafterthreeoperationswassheabletowalkwithoutsticks.第三頁，共30頁。TwobasicstructuresofInversion(倒裝結構的兩種基本形式):Examples:1.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsits

aprofessor.2.Notonlywill

help

begiventopeople,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovided.→全部倒裝→1.全部謂語放在主語之前→部分倒裝(PartInversion)2.謂語的一部分（助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、be動詞）放在主語之前：第四頁，共30頁。TheUsageofPartInversion(部分倒裝結構用法)OccasionI.1.Canyouswim?2.Whatareyoulookingfor?Conclusionone（結論一）:→疑問句中要部分倒裝。OccasionII.1.Onlyinthiswaycanyoumakesomeprogress.2.Onlyinabigcitywasitpossibletobuyanewwheelchair.3.Onlybyseizingeveryminutecanwefinishitontime.4.OnlyMichaelknowsthis.第五頁，共30頁。Conclusiontwo(結論二):Example1:___canyouexpecttogetapayrise.(2001)A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughworkhardC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard→

only修飾狀語位于句首時，要部分倒裝（修飾主語時不倒裝）。C第六頁，共30頁。OccasionIII.1.Notonlyishecleverbutalsoheworkshard.2.Notonlywastherenoelectricity,butalso(therewas)nowater.→notonly…butalso引導的并列分句中，notonly放在句首的分句要倒裝，但butalso后的分句不倒裝。Conclusionthree(結論三):Example2:Notonly___pollutedbut___crowded.(1991)A.Wasthecity;werethestreets

B.thecitywas;werethestreets

C.Wasthecity;thestreetswere

D.thecitywas;thestreetswereC第七頁，共30頁。OccasionIV.1.Littledidhecareabouthisstudies.2.NevershallIforgetthedayswhenyouwerewithus.3.SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.4.Bynomeans(決不)willwegiveup.5.Notoncedidwevisitthecityonourown.→用于以never,hardly，rarely,scarcely,seldom,not,little,nowhere,atnotime,bynomeans,notintheleast等否定副詞或短語開頭的句子中。ConclusionIV(結論四):第八頁，共30頁。Example3:Notasinglesong___atyesterday’sparty.(2000)A.shesangB.sangsheC.didshesingD.shedidsingOccasionV.1.Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.2.Everyotherdaydoesshegotoseehergrandmother.3.Manyatimehashegivenmegoodadvice.ConclusionV(結論五)：→當表示時間頻率的狀語副詞如often,once,always,usually,nowandthen,manyatime,everyotherday等位于句首表強調(diào)時。C第九頁，共30頁。OccasionVI.1.NotuntilhetoldmedidIknowwhathadhappened.2.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.ConclusionVI(結論六):→由notuntil引導的短語或從句放在句首時，主句要部分倒裝（從句不倒裝）。Example5:Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver___

howseriousthepollutionwas.(1995)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizeC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealizeA第十頁，共30頁。OccasionVII:1.Helikesriceverymuch.SodoI.2.Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neitherhashe.ConclusionVII(結論七):→以so，neither或nor開頭，表示“也這樣”或“也不這樣”時。Example6:–Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.--___,and___.(1997)A.Sohehas;soyouhaveB.Sohehas;sohaveyouC.Sohashe;sohaveyouD.Sohashe;soyouhaveB第十一頁，共30頁。OccasionVIII.1.Nosoonerhadtheyheardthenewsthantheyrushedoutintothestreet.2.Hardly/Scarcely/RarelyhadIreachedthebusstopwhen

thebusstarted.ConclusionVIII(結論八)：→用于nosooner…than…,或hardly/scarcely/rarely…when…句型中，表示“剛/一…就…”。這時主句常用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。第十二頁，共30頁。Example7:Hardly___thehelicopter___whenthewaitingcrowdrantowardit.A.had;landedB.has;landed

C.did;landD.was;landingOccasionⅨ:1.Childasheis,hecanspeakgoodEnglish.2.Difficultastheworkwas,itwasfinishedontime.3.Tryashemight,Tomcouldn’tfindajob.A第十三頁，共30頁。ConclusionIX(結論九):→用于as引導的讓步狀語從句中。將從句中的表語,副詞或動詞原形提前。（注：如表語是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，則前面的不定冠詞要省略。）Example8:___,heknowsalotofthings.A.AsheisyoungB.AsyoungheisC.HeisasyoungD.YoungasheisD第十四頁，共30頁。OccasionX:1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tgo.→WereIyou,Iwouldn’tgo.2.Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,Iwouldn’thavesucceeded.→Hadyounothelpedme,Iwouldn’thavesucceeded.ConclusionX(結論十):→用于省略if的虛擬條件句中，將were,had或should置于從句句首。第十五頁，共30頁。Example9:___forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.(1995)A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.IftheywerenotOccasionXI:1.Soeasyisthebookthatevenachildcanreadit.2.Sofastdidherunthatwecan’tcatchupwithhim.3.Suchalovelychildassheisthateverybodylikesher.C第十六頁，共30頁。ConclusionXI(結論十一):→用于so…that…,such…that…引導的結果狀語從句中。當將so或such置于句首時，需用倒裝。Example10:So___thatnofishcanliveinit.(1992上海)A.thelakeisshallow(淺)B.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallowC第十七頁，共30頁。OccasionXII:1.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplemanandthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist.2.Suchweremybrothers,twonaughtybutcleverboys.ConclusionXII(結論十二):在“such+be+主語”句型中。（such指代動詞后的主語。）Pickoutthecorrectoneinthefollowingsentences.____.A.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.B.Suchwasthestorywhathetoldme.C.Thathetoldmethestorywassuch.D.Hetoldmethestorywassuch.A第十八頁，共30頁。Practice:Exerciseone:1.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife___sohappy!(2000上海)A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt2.–doyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?--Idon’tknow,___.(1991)A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealsoDB第十九頁，共30頁。3.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday___beabletomasterthelanguage.(1990上海)A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou4.–Yououghttohavegiventhemsomeadvice.--___,butwhocaredwhatIsaid.A.SooughtIB.SoIoughtC.SodidID.SoIdid5.___Iknownit,Ishouldhavetoldyou.A.HaveB.HadC.HavingD.IfDDB第二十頁，共30頁。6.Nosoonerhadhefinishedhistalk____hewas

surroundedbytheworkers.

A.asB.thenC.thanD.when7.Onlyinthisway_____progressinyourEnglish.

A.youmakeB.canyoumake

C.youbeabletomakeD.willyouabletomake8.NotuntilIbegantowork_____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.

A.didn’tIrealizeB.didIrealize

C.Ididn’trealizeD.Irealize9.____gotintotheroom____thetelephonerang.

A.Hehardlyhad;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;when

C.Hehadn’t;thanD.Nothadhe;whenCBBB第二十一頁，共30頁。Exercisetwo:漢譯英1.這就是他給我講的故事。2.直到1998年我才見到他。3.Mike一到校門口，預備鈴（thefirstbell）就響了。Thiswasthestorythathetoldme.→Suchwasthestorythathetoldme.Ididn’tseehimuntil1998.→Notuntil1998didIseehim.ThefirstbellrangassoonasMikegottotheschoolgate.→HardlyhadMikegottotheschoolgatewhenthefirstbellrang.第二十二頁，共30頁。倒裝結構（Inversion）（II）TheUsageofFullInversion(全部倒裝結構用法)第二十三頁，共30頁。OccasionI:1.Atthetopofthehillstandsanoldtemple.2.Byhissidesathisfaithfulpetdog.3.Infrontoftheschoolflowsabeautifulsmallriver.ConclusionI(結論一):作地點狀語的介詞短語位于句首,常構成全部倒裝.Fromthevalley,______.

A.afrighteningsoundcame

B.didafrighteningsoundcome

C.hadafrighteningsoundcome

D.cameafrighteningsoundD第二十四頁，共30頁。OccasionII:1.Outwentthechildren.2.Nowcomesyourturn.3.Hereitis.

4.Inhecomes.

ConclusionII(結論二):以out/in/down/up/away/,now/then/here/there等副詞開頭的句子中表強調(diào),常用全部倒裝(若主語是代詞，句子一般不倒裝

).1).Look,___.(1996)

A.herethebuscomesB.hereisthebuscoming

C.herecomesthebusD.herethebusiscoming

2).“WhereisKate?”“Look,____.Sheisattheschoolgate.”

A.theresheisB.thereisshe(1995)

C.hereyouareD.hereitisCA第二十五頁，共30頁。在therebe（happen、live、enter、stand、lie、exist、seem、come等）句型中，主謂要全部倒裝。

OccasionIII:1.____abeautifulpalace____thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at

2.____awonderfulfootballmatchonTVtomorrow.A.ThereisB.ThereisgoingtohaveC.ThereisgoingtobeD.TherewillhaveDC第二十六頁，共30頁。Consolidati