高三英語改編模擬題閱讀理解命題訓(xùn)練

高中英語外刊選文·原創(chuàng)閱讀理解命題訓(xùn)練（2）TheFutureofRenewableEnergyRenewableenergy,suchassolarandwindpower,isbecomingincreasinglyimportantastheworldtriestoreduceitscarbonfootprintandcombatclimatechange.Inrecentyears,therehasbeensignificantgrowthintherenewableenergyindustry,butwhatdoesthefutureholdforthissector?Oneofthemostpromisingtechnologiesisthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandcost-effectivesolarcells.Scientistsareexploringwaystomakesolarcellsusingcheaperandmoreabundantmaterials,aswellasdevelopingnewmanufacturingprocessesthatcouldreducethecostofproduction.Withtheseadvancements,solarenergycouldbecomeevenmoreaccessibleandaffordableforhouseholdsandbusinesses.Anotherareaofinnovationisinwindturbines.Astechnologycontinuestoimprove,turbinesarebecomingmoreefficientatconvertingwindenergyintoelectricity.Therearealsoplanstobuildlargerandmorepowerfulturbines,whichcouldgeneratemoreelectricityandmakewindpowermorecompetitivewithotherformsofenergy.Inaddition,newenergystoragetechnologiesarebeingdevelopedthatcouldrevolutionizetheindustry.Currently,renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindareintermittent,meaningtheycanonlygenerateelectricitywhenthesunisshiningorthewindisblowing.However,energystoragesolutionslikebatteriesandpumpedhydrostoragecouldhelptostoreexcessenergygeneratedduringpeaktimes,whichcouldthenbeusedduringperiodsoflowrenewableenergygeneration.Despitetheseadvancements,therearestillchallengesthatneedtobeovercome.Oneofthebiggestobstaclesisthelackofinfrastructuretosupportrenewableenergy.Forexample,buildingnewtransmissionlinesandupgradingexistingonestotransportrenewableenergyfromremotelocationstopopulationcenterscanbecostlyandtime-consuming.Anotherchallengeisthepoliticalandeconomiclandscape.Inmanycountries,fossilfuelsremainheavilysubsidized,makingthemmoreaffordablethanrenewableenergysources.Governmentsmustprioritizeinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructureandprovidingincentivesforbusinessesandhouseholdstoswitchtocleanerenergysources.Inconclusion,thefutureofrenewableenergyisbright,withnewadvancementsinsolarcells,windturbines,andenergystorage.However,therearestillobstaclestoovercome,suchasthelackofinfrastructureandpoliticalsupport.Ifwecanovercomethesechallenges,renewableenergyhasthepotentialtotransformtheenergyindustryandhelpusbuildamoresustainablefuture.Questions:A)Whatisthemaingoalofrenewableenergy?a.Toreducetheuseoffossilfuelsb.Toprovideaffordableenergyc.Togeneratemoreelectricityd.TocreatenewmanufacturingprocessesB)Whatarescientistsexploringinthedevelopmentofsolarcells?a.Usingmoreexpensivematerialsb.Usinglessabundantmaterialsc.Developingnewmanufacturingprocessesd.FocusingonwindturbinesC)Whatisthepurposeofenergystoragesolutions?a.Tostoreexcessenergygeneratedduringpeaktimesb.Togeneratemorerenewableenergyc.Tomakerenewableenergymoreintermittentd.TotransportrenewableenergyfromremotelocationsD)Whatisoneofthebiggestobstaclesfacingrenewableenergy?a.Lackofinfrastructureb.Lackoftechnologicaladvancementsc.Lackofpublicinterestd.LackofgovernmentfundingE)Whatneedstohappenforrenewableenergytobecomemorecompetitivewithfossilfuels?a.Windturbinesneedtobemadesmallerandlesspowerfulb.Renewableenergysourcesneedtobemademoreintermittentc.Fossilfuelsneedtobeheavilysubsidizedd.GovernmentsmustprioritizeinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructureAnswersandExplanations:A)a.ToreducetheuseoffossilfuelsThemaingoalofrenewableenergyistoreducetheworld'sdependenceonfossilfuels,whicharenon-renewableandcontributetoclimatechange.B)c.DevelopingnewmanufacturingprocessesScientistsareexploringnewmanufacturingprocessesthatcouldreducethecostofproductionofsolarcells,makingthemmoreaffordableforhouseholdsandbusinesses.C)a.TostoreexcessenergygeneratedduringpeaktimesThepurposeofenergystoragesolutions,suchasbatteriesandpumpedhydrostorage,istostoreexcessenergygeneratedduringpeaktimes,whichcanthenbeusedduringperiodsoflowrenewableenergygeneration.D)a.LackofinfrastructureOneofthebiggestobstaclesfacingrenewableenergyisthelackofinfrastructuretosupportit,suchastransmissionlinestotransportrenewableenergyfromremotelocationstopopulationcenters.E)d.GovernmentsmustprioritizeinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructureForrenewableenergytobecomemorecompetitivewithfossilfuels,governmentsmustprioritizeinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructureandprovidingincentivesforbusinessesandhouseholdstoswitchtocleanerenergysources.【問答題】1.Whatrolecanrenewableenergyplayinaddressingclimatechange?Explainindetail.Answer:Renewableenergycanplayasignificantroleinaddressingclimatechangebyreducingourrelianceonfossilfuels,whicharemajorcontributorstogreenhousegasemissions.Bytransitioningtorenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpower,wecanreduceourcarbonfootprintandhelptomitigatetheimpactsofclimatechange.Additionally,renewableenergyhasthepotentialtocreatenewjobopportunitiesandstimulateeconomicgrowthinthecleanenergysector.2.Inwhatwayscanthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandcost-effectivesolarcellsbenefitsocietyasawhole?Answer:Thedevelopmentofmoreefficientandcost-effectivesolarcellscanbenefitsocietyinnumerousways.Forone,itcanmakesolarenergymoreaccessibleandaffordableforhouseholdsandbusinesses,potentiallyloweringenergycostsandreducingdependenceonfossilfuels.Itcanalsohelptocreatenewjobopportunitiesinthecleanenergysector,drivingeconomicgrowthandinnovation.Moreover,theadoptionofsolarenergycanhelptoreducecarbonemissionsandmitigatetheimpactsofclimatechange.3.Howdowindturbinesworktogenerateelectricity,andwhataresomeofthechallengesassociatedwithwindpower?Answer:Windturbinesworkbyharnessingthekineticenergyofthewindandusingittoturnarotor,whichisconnectedtoageneratorthatproduceselectricity.Theamountofelectricitygenerateddependsonfactorssuchaswindspeedandthesizeoftheturbine.However,windpoweralsopresentssomechallenges,suchasintermittency(sincewindspeedscanvary),noisepollution,andtheimpactonwildlife.4.Whataresomeofthemostpromisingenergystoragetechnologiescurrentlybeingdeveloped,andhowcouldtheyhelptoovercomethelimitationsofrenewableenergy?Answer:Someofthemostpromisingenergystoragetechnologiesbeingdevelopedincludebatteries,pumpedhydrostorage,andthermalenergystorage.Thesetechnologiescanhelptoovercomethelimitationsofrenewableenergy,whichcanbeintermittentandunpredictable.Bystoringexcessenergygeneratedduringpeaktimes,energystoragesolutionscanensureasteadysupplyofpowerduringperiodsoflowrenewableenergygeneration.Additionally,energystoragecanhelptobalancethegridandimproveoverallenergyefficiency.5.Whatrolecangovernmentpoliciesandincentivesplayinpromotingthegrowthoftherenewableenergyindustry?Answer:Governmentpoliciesandincentivescanplayacriticalroleinpromotingthegrowthoftherenewableenergyindustry.Forexample,policiesthatmandatetheuseofrenewableenergyorimposeataxoncarbonemissionscancreateamarketforcleanenergyandincentivizebusinessesandhouseholdstoswitchtorenewablesources.Additionally,subsidiesandtaxcreditscanhelptooffsettheinitialcostofinvestinginrenewableenergyinfrastructure,makingitmoreattractivetoinvestors.6.Howcanrenewableenergyinfrastructurebemademoreresilienttoextremeweathereventsandothernaturaldisasters?Answer:Renewableenergyinfrastructurecanbemademoreresilienttoextremeweathereventsandothernaturaldisastersthroughcarefulplanninganddesign.Forexample,windturbinescanbebuilttowithstandhighwindsandheavyrain,whilesolarpanelscanbeinstalledwithanti-reflectivecoatingstopreventdamagefromhailorsnow.Additionally,energystoragesolutionscanhelptoprovidebackuppowerduringblackoutsorotheremergencies.7.Whataresomeoftheethicalconsiderationsassociatedwithrenewableenergy,andhowcantheybeaddressed?Answer:Oneoftheethicalconsiderationsassociatedwithrenewableenergyisthepotentialimpactonlocalcommunitiesandtheenvironment.Forexample,theconstructionofwindturbinesorsolarfarmscandisruptecosystemsanddisplacewildlife.Additionally,theremaybeconcernsabouttheimpactonpropertyvaluesortheaestheticsofthesurroundingarea.Theseconcernscanbeaddressedthroughcommunityengagementandconsultation,aswellascarefulplanninganddesigntominimizetheimpactontheenvironment.8.Howcanindividualsandcommunitiescontributetothegrowthoftherenewableenergyindustry,andwhyisitimportant？Answer:Individualsandcommunitiescancontributetothegrowthoftherenewableenergyindustryinseveralways,suchasinstallingsolarpanelsonrooftops,supportingrenewableenergypoliciesandinitiatives,andadvocatingforinvestmentincleanenergyinf