中考英語教材知識(shí)梳理-牛津譯林版八年級上冊 Units 1-2

第一部分教材知識(shí)梳理八年級上冊Units1~21核心知識(shí)導(dǎo)覽2重點(diǎn)指導(dǎo)航標(biāo)3必備知識(shí)精析4核心素養(yǎng)提升·1·核心知識(shí)導(dǎo)覽·2·重點(diǎn)指導(dǎo)航標(biāo)一、重點(diǎn)詞匯Unit11.humour—__________（形容詞）2.true—__________（名詞）—__________（副詞）3.will—__________（形容詞）4.sing—__________（名詞，表示人）5.bore—__________（形容詞,表示“感到

無聊的”）—__________（形容詞，表示“令人無

聊的”）6.person—__________（名詞）7.bad—__________（副詞）—__________（比較級）—__________（最高級）8.high—__________（名詞）9.swim—__________（名詞，表示人）·3·humorourstruthtrulywillingsingerboredboringpersonalitybadlyworseworstheightswimmer10.happy—__________（名詞）—__________（反義詞）11.weigh—__________（名詞）Unit21.mix—__________（形容詞）2.little—__________（比較級）—__________（最高級）3.far—__________（比較級）—__________（最高級)4.week—__________（形容詞）·4·happinessunhappyweightmixedlessleastfartherfarthestweekly二、重點(diǎn)短語Unit11.________a________保守秘密2.________about關(guān)心，關(guān)懷3.________lies撒謊4.________sb.________使某人快樂5.feel________感到無聊·5·Unit21.________

(on)________繼續(xù)、重復(fù)做某事2.________friends交朋友3.in________在課堂上4.________________on/

(in)________sth.

花時(shí)間做某事5.________8八年級keepsecretcaretellmakehappyboredkeepdoingmakeclassspendtimedoingGrade6.look________瀏覽7.________sb.________

（主動(dòng)）給某人提供幫助8.________sth.________sb.與某人討論某事9.________sth.________sb.為某人買某物10.at__________在午餐時(shí)分·6·重點(diǎn)指航throughofferhelpdiscusswithbuyforlunchtime知識(shí)點(diǎn)1形容詞和副詞的比較等級（Unit1、Unit2）（詳見“語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)”部分）知識(shí)點(diǎn)2care的用法（Unit1）1.care作動(dòng)詞，意為“對……在意；對……計(jì)較”。常用短語有：carefor“喜歡；照料”；careabout“關(guān)心；在乎”。例如：Idocareforwhatmyteachersays.Whatdoyoucareaboutit?2.care作名詞，意為“小心；謹(jǐn)慎”。常用短語takecareof意為“照顧”，相當(dāng)于lookafter。例如：Theboyisveryyoung.Hecan’ttakecareofhimself.必備知識(shí)精析·7·3.與care相關(guān)的詞性變化。（1）careful是care的形容詞，意為“仔細(xì)的”，反義詞為careless。（2）carefully是care的副詞，意為“仔細(xì)地”，反義詞為carelessly?！?·小試牛刀知識(shí)點(diǎn)3辨析tell，talk，say和speak（Unit1）·9·易混詞含義及用法例句tell意為“告訴”，也可用于表示講故事或講笑話；常用搭配有tellsb.(not)todosth.，意為“告訴某人（不要）做某事”Myteacheroftentellsusnottoswimintheriver.talk意為“談話”，指連續(xù)性的講話，有對話的含義。常見搭配有talkto/withsb.,意為“與某人交流”；talkaboutsth.,意為“談?wù)撃呈隆盬hatareyoutalkingabout?·10·小試牛刀易混詞含義及用法例句say意為“說，講”，強(qiáng)調(diào)說的內(nèi)容，后面可接名詞、代詞或從句Whatdidyourteachersay?speak常用來表示“講某種語言”CanyouspeakEnglish?續(xù)表知識(shí)點(diǎn)4辨析alone和lonely（Unit6）1.alone作形容詞，意為“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)立的”，側(cè)重于表示獨(dú)自一人。例如：Hewasaloneintheroom.2.alone作副詞，意為“單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地”。例如：Helikeslivingalone.3.lonely作形容詞，在句中作表語，意為“孤獨(dú)的”，側(cè)重于人的心理狀態(tài)。例如：Sheoftenfeelslonely.4.lonely作形容詞，在句中作定語，意為“荒涼的，偏僻的”，常用于修飾地點(diǎn)名詞。例如：Thisisalonelyplace.·11·小試牛刀知識(shí)點(diǎn)5辨析voice，noise與sound（Unit1）·12·小試牛刀易混詞含義及用法例句voice主要指人的嗓音Shehasaringingvoice.noise主要指噪聲Makingnoisesisannoying.sound指各種聲音Soundtravelsslowerthanlight.知識(shí)點(diǎn)6plan的用法（Unit1）

1.plan作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):（1）plantodosth.意為“計(jì)劃去做某事”。例如：HeplanstogotoBeijingwithhisfamily.

（2）planon/forsth.意為“計(jì)劃某事”。例如：Wewillplanforthenextyear’swork.2.plan作名詞時(shí)，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為makeplanstodosth.，意為“制訂計(jì)劃做某事”。例如：Wehavetostarttomakeaplanforthewintervacation.·13·小試牛刀知識(shí)點(diǎn)7辨析What’ssb.like?，Whatdoessb.like?和Whatdoessb.looklike?句型（Unit1）1.What’ssb.like?意為“某人如何?”，用于詢問某人的性格、品質(zhì)等。例如：—What’syourteacherlike?—He’skind.

2.Whatdoessb.like?意為“某人喜歡什么?”,用于詢問某人的喜好。例如：—Whatdoesyourfatherlike?—Helikesdrawing.

3.Whatdoessb.looklike?意為“某人長什么樣?”,用于詢問某人的外貌。例如：—Whatdoeshisbrotherlooklike?—He’shandsome.·14·小試牛刀知識(shí)點(diǎn)8辨析win，beat與lose（Unit2）·15·小試牛刀易混詞含義及用法例句win意為“贏，獲勝”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“win+事物（game/prize/match/war）”LiuXiangwonthemen’s110mhurdlesintheOlympicGames.beat意為“打??；戰(zhàn)勝”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為beat+

sb./teamWebeattheotherteamandwonthematch.lose意為“輸”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為losetosb.“輸給某人”Ilosttohimlasttimeattheschoolsportsmeeting.知識(shí)點(diǎn)9辨析end，finish與beover（Unit2）·16·小試牛刀易混詞（組）含義及用法例句end意為“結(jié)束，了結(jié)，終止”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事的終止Thespeechendedwithsomeinterestingstories.finish表示“完成，完畢，結(jié)束”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)束。finish常用作及物動(dòng)詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞Canyoufinishyourhomeworktonight?beover強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。句中含有表示一段時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，要用beover，而不能用finish或endThemeetinghasbeenoverfortenminutes.知識(shí)點(diǎn)10Whydon’tsb.dosth.？句型（Unit2）Whydon’tsb.dosth.?是一個(gè)由why引導(dǎo)的否定特殊疑問句，其答句常用because引導(dǎo)。在情景交際中，此句型表示提建議，意為“為什么不……”。例如：—Whydon’tyoulikeMaths?—Becauseit’stoodifficult.·17·小試牛刀一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Yourhandwritingisbeautiful.—Thankyou.Iwrite______thanbefore.（2020·銅仁）A.carefulB.morecarefulC.morecarefullyD.carefully2.—______isRickylike?—He’shumorous.Heoftentellsusfunnyjokes.（2020·連云港）A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Who3.Thisstreetismuch______thanthatone.（2020·天津）A.wideB.widerC.widestD.thewidest核心素養(yǎng)提升·18·CBB4.—Mum,Iknowyou______me.Butdon’ttalktomesomuch.I’malittlebored.—Allright.A.lookafterB.careaboutC.takecareD.talkabout5.Shanghaiisoneof______intheworld.A.thebiggestcitiesB.biggestcitiesC.thebiggestcityD.biggercities6.Theyhope______thebasketballmatch.（2020·重慶）A.winB.wonC.towinD.winning·19·BAC7.Lilylikesto______lovestories.A.speakB.tellC.sayD.talk8.Bettyhasabeautiful______.Shewantstobeasingerinthefuture.（2019·淮安）A.voiceB.lookC.noiseD.sound9.—CouldyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?—It’sverysimple.______youstudy,

______gradesyouwillget.（2020·濱州）A.Theharder;betterB.Theharder;thebetterC.Harder;

betterD.Harder;

thebetter10.Themeeting______fortwentyminutes.A.hasendedB.hasbeenoverC.hasfinishedD.isover·20·BABB二、單詞拼寫根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給的中文提示，正確拼寫單詞。1.Goodfriendsshouldbe__________(誠實(shí)的).2.Iwanttobeagood__________(歌手)

whenIgrowup.3.Sheis__________(樂意的)

tosharethingswithothers.4.Canyouspeak__________(法語)?5.Mikealwaystellsjokes.Heis__________(幽默的).·21·honestsingerwillingFrenchhumorous三、詞形變換根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.Ineverfeel__________(bore)

withmyfriends.2.Shekepton__________(knock)

atthedoorforawhile，butnooneanswered.3.—Whendidyoufinish__________(read)

thebook?—Twodaysago.4.It’sgettingmuch__________(hot)

whensummercomes.5.TheGreatWallisoneofthe__________(great)

wondersintheworld.（2020·淮安）·22·boredknockingreadinghottergreatest四、選詞填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空，每詞限用一次。Nowletme________yousomethingaboutmyEnglishteacher,MissGreen.Sheis________England,butshehas________inChinasincetenyearsago.Sheis________andhasbigeyesandlong________.Sheis________andhelpful.Sheteaches________andlikesto________ustosolvesomeproblemsinour________.Recently,she________thefirstplaceintheteachingcompetition.·23·fromwonlivedhelptellhairlifepatientwellslimtellfromlivedslimhairpatientwellhelplifewon知識(shí)點(diǎn)2care的用法（Unit1）小試牛刀1.Steveisso__________(care)

thatheoftenmakesmanymistakes.2.Shedoesherhomeworkas__________(careful)

asPeter.carelesscarefully知識(shí)點(diǎn)3辨析tell，talk，say和speak（Unit1）小試牛刀1.Mymother______me______sorrytomycousinbecauseIhadabig

fightwithhim.A.said;tosayB.told;tosayC.told;talkD.spoke;totell2.“Don’t______tostrangersonyourwaytoandfromschool,”mother

often______me.A.talk;saysB.speak;tellC.talk;speaksD.talk;tellsBD知識(shí)點(diǎn)4oneof…的用法（Unit1）

小試牛刀1.Thisisoneof______robotsIhaveeverseen.A.moreintelligentB.themostintelligentC.muchmoreintelligentD.intelligent2.—Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulike?—YaoMing.Ithinkheisoneofthe______basketballplayersintheworld.A.worseB.worstC.betterD.bestBD知識(shí)點(diǎn)5辨析voice，noise與sound（Unit1）

小試牛刀1.Don’ttalkinahigh______.Theyarehavingameeting.A.soundB.noiseC.speechD.voice2.Thewashingmachineistoooldanditoftenmakesalotof______when

itworks.A.whisperB.soundC.voiceD.noise3.Thesingerhasasweet______andhersongsmakeeverybodyexcited.A.voiceB.soundC.noiseD.shoutDDA知識(shí)點(diǎn)6plan的用法（Unit1）小試牛刀1.—Haveyougotany________(plan)forNationalDay?—Well,onOctober1st,Iplan________(go)

shoppingwithmycousin.2.Iplan________(go)

onatripinthecomingsummerholiday.planstogotogo知識(shí)點(diǎn)7辨析What’ssb.like?，Whatdoessb.like?和Whatdoessb.looklike?句型（Unit1）

小試牛刀1.—Whatdoesthegirllooklike?—______A.Sheis14.B.Sheisastudent.C.Shehaslonghair.D.Shelikesdancing.2.—______MrWu,thenewheadmasterofyourschool?—Heisfriendlyandgentle.A.Howis;likeB.Whatis;likeC.Howdoes;

likeD.Whatdoes;likeCB3.—What______yourcousin______?—Mycousinenjoysplayingcomputergamesandlisteningtotheradio.A.\;likeB.does;likeC.does;looklikeD.does;

likesB知識(shí)點(diǎn)8辨析win，beat與lose（Unit2）

小試牛刀1.It