高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句版

v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正狀語(yǔ)從句用法詳解在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：起時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作用的從句。when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,assoonas,immediately,themoment,everytime,whenever等。1.when,while,aswhen“當(dāng)......的時(shí)候”，表示主從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或先后緊接著發(fā)生。IwasveryhappywhenIheardfromyou.Whenyoudealwiththem,youshouldbecautious.WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.（連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）Whenthefirebrokeout,allthestudentsweresleepingsoundly.（非連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）Asayoungman（=Whenhewasayoungman）,hewasfondofhunting.2）while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必定是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相比較。MyfatherwaspreparingareportwhileIwasplayinggames.Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.while意為“誠(chéng)然,盡管”,還能夠引導(dǎo)退步狀語(yǔ)從句.Whileitwaslate,hewentonworking.（誠(chéng)然很晚了,但他還在連續(xù)工作.）Whileheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.（誠(chéng)然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作.）4）連接兩個(gè)并列句子,表示“比較”關(guān)系.比方：Hewentoutforawalk,whileIstayedathome.他出去閑步了,而我卻呆在家里.）Ilikesingingwhileshelikesdancing.（我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞.）Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.5）as表示從句和主句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)發(fā)生，可譯為“一邊......，一邊......”或“隨著......”。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.11v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.注意：若是主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，when,while與as可互換。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.2.till,until和not...until1）until/till必定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必定是連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句、從句都為必定式，意為“某動(dòng)作素來(lái)連續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.Youmaystayhereuntil/tilltherainstops.2）否定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必定是非連續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為必定式，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開(kāi)始”。構(gòu)成not...until/till，意為“直到......才”。Shedidn'tgotobeduntilIcomeback.Don'tworry.Wewon'tsetoffuntilyouarrive.3）till不可以夠置于句首，而until能夠。Untilyoutoldmethenews,Ihadnoideaofit.4）not...until句型中的重申解倒裝用法。重申句型：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒裝句型：NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.（notuntil置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)）Notuntiltheclockstruck12didsherealizeshemustgohomeatonce.3.before1）before“沒(méi)有來(lái)得及......就”“未......就”“......就......”Someonecalledmeupinthenight,buttheyhungupbeforeIcouldanswerthephone.Theyhadtalkedonlyafewminutesbeforetheyfoundtheywerequitedifferentinopinion.2）before作“......才......”Thebusdriveralmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.Thefirelastedaboutfourhoursbeforethefirefighterswereableto22v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正controlit.3）before可譯為“趁”“省得”“以防”等。I'lldoitbeforeIforgotit.趁還沒(méi)有忘，我現(xiàn)在就把這事做了。We'dbetterfinishtheworkintimebeforethebossscoldsus.4）before可譯為“（情愿......而）不愿”。He'ddiebeforeheapologizestothem.他寧死也不向他們道歉。I'dgiveuptheplanbeforeIturntohimforhelp.注意：“It+be+一段時(shí)間+before從句”中的主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)有兩種情況：若是主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間今后某事立刻發(fā)生”；Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.不久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)的。若是主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)，意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間今后某事才發(fā)生”。Itwas3yearsbeforehecamebackfromabroad.三年后他才從外國(guó)回來(lái)。since譯為“自從......”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.Ihaven'theardanynoisesinceIslept.HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once（一......就）這些隸屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨即發(fā)生，常譯作“一......就......”。從句中用一般時(shí)態(tài)代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming.Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.注意：nosooner...than;hardly...when...時(shí)態(tài)搭配：nosooner與hardly引導(dǎo)的句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而than與when引導(dǎo)的句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。當(dāng)把nosooner和hardly提到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.33v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.6.everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名詞短語(yǔ)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“每當(dāng)......；每次......；下......”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.IthinkofthethingsandthepeoplewhenwestudiedthereeverytimeIgobymymotherschool.二地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的從句稱為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。引導(dǎo)詞有where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere等。Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions.Youcangoanywhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.注意：地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的差異where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的詞作先行詞；而狀語(yǔ)從句前則無(wú)需用先行詞。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.You'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.（狀語(yǔ)從句You'dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.（定語(yǔ)從句）三退步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)退步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,while,whether...or...,whether(...)ornot,whatever,nomatterwhat/how/why等。1.though/although引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句1）although和though意義相同，都意為“誠(chéng)然，即使”，表示退步，可互換使用，差異在于although語(yǔ)氣較重，大多置于句首。44v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正2）though/although引導(dǎo)退步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句若用yet或still引出，更加強(qiáng)調(diào)比較性，但不可以出現(xiàn)but。3）though引導(dǎo)的從句能夠把表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞等提至句首。asthough,eventhough中一般不可以用although代替。同時(shí)although不可以當(dāng)副詞用，而though則可。Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.Shortthoughitis,thearticleisveryimportant.注意：though還可用作副詞，意為“可是，可是”，置于句末。Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn't,though.他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)，可是沒(méi)有來(lái)。2.eventhough/evenif引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句Eventhoughheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Heispoor,yetsheloveshim.)Evenifheispoor,sheloveshim.(=Hemaybepoor,yetsheloveshim.)as引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句,從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)以及謂語(yǔ)中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞需提前至從句句首，作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前如有冠詞，冠詞需要省去。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.Tryas/thoughyoumay,youwillneversucceed.Tiredas/thoughhewas,hecontinuedtowork.4.whether..or/whether(...)ornot引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.5.while引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句表示“盡管”，比though/although語(yǔ)氣弱。while引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句一般要位于句首。WhileIlikethecolor,Idon'tliketheshape.我誠(chéng)然喜歡那顏色，但不喜歡那形狀。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican'tagreewithyou.what-ever引導(dǎo)的退步狀語(yǔ)從句,?？蓳Q成“nomatter+wh-詞”，但在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)只好用wh-ever類詞。55v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正I'llwaitforyouhowever(nomatterhow)lateitis.Whoever(Nomatter)youare,youmustkeepthelaw.注意：“nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只好引導(dǎo)退步狀語(yǔ)從句，而wh-ever類詞還能夠夠引導(dǎo)名詞性從句或其他狀語(yǔ)從句。I'lleatwhateveryougiveme.（what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.（whoever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句）四原因狀語(yǔ)從句）because語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，用以回答why引起的提問(wèn)，它還可用于重申結(jié)構(gòu)。Shewasafraidtomovebecauseasnakewaslyingbesideher.WhydidtheyfailItwasbecausetheydidn'tdotheirbest.2）as語(yǔ)氣弱，較口語(yǔ)化，as從句多置于主句從前。Ashewasinahurry,helefthisbaghome.Asitwasapublicholiday,alltheshopswereshut.3）since的語(yǔ)氣比較弱，常表示對(duì)方已知的事實(shí)，經(jīng)常相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“既然”。since從句多置于主句從前。SinceMondayisBob'sbirthday,let'sgivehimaparty.Sinceyouarefreetonight,whynotdropinandplaychesswithme注意：上述三個(gè)詞為隸屬連詞，而for是一個(gè)并列連詞。for有時(shí)可用來(lái)作附加說(shuō)明，必定把其引起的句子放在某一句子此后。Weshouldbemorecareful,foritisalreadydark.nowthat主要用于口語(yǔ)，表示稍微的原因，that有時(shí)能夠省略。Nowthatyouhavecome,youmayaswellstay.Nowthateverythingissettled,Ihavenoreasonhere.forthereasonthat的用法,that后是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，講解說(shuō)明reason的內(nèi)容。IoftengototheconcertforthesimplereasonthatIlovemusic.ForthereasonthatIhaven'tworkedhard,I'llhavetocrambeforethecomingexaminations.由于平時(shí)不努力，考試前我只好臨時(shí)抱佛腳。that后的從句behappythat,besurprisedthat等中的that從句有時(shí)也被認(rèn)為是原因狀語(yǔ)66v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正從句。I'msorrythatIhaven'tdonesomuchasIshould.Wefeelproudthatourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.五方式狀語(yǔ)從句as,asif/though等as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。YoumustdotheexperimentasIdo.asif/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。1）asif/though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句所表示的情況是事實(shí)或擁有很大可能性時(shí)，Sheclosedhereyesasifshewastired.2）若是從句所表示的情況不是事實(shí)，平時(shí)用虛假語(yǔ)氣。Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.HespeaksEnglishasifhewereaforeiner.Itsoundsasifhecouldsolvetheproblem.Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif/thoughtheyneverexisted.注意：asif/though也能夠引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)，不定式短語(yǔ)或無(wú)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.Thewavesdashedontherocksasifinanger.六條件狀語(yǔ)從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,as/solongas,once,incase,onconditionthat,supposing(that),providing(that),provided(that),given(that)等。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，平時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)，IwilldefinitelystudymedicineafterIfinishschool.在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，Wearrivedattheairportbeforeitrained.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成時(shí)。I’llwatchtvassoonasI’vefinishedmyhomework.if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.77v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“除非，若不”。Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.oncondition(that)引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,“在......條件下”。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepitasecret.Iwilldoitonconditionthatyouhelpme.supposing/proving/provided/given(that)能夠用作連詞，意為“若是,倘若”，引導(dǎo)條件從句表示一種假設(shè)條件。Supposing(that)itrains,shallwecontinuethesportsmeetingProviding/Supposing/Given/Provided(that)youpromisenottotellanyoneelse,I'lltellyouthedetails.incase引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句常放在主句前，表示“若是，若是”。Incasehecomes,tellhimtowaitawhile.Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.as/solongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,意思是“只要”。Solongasyou'rehappy,itdoesn'tmatterwhatyoudo.As/Solongaswedon'tloseheart,we'llovercomeanydifficulty.once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“一旦，一......就”，從句可置于主句前或后。Oncevirtueislost,allislost.一旦道德扔掉了，什么都扔掉了。Onceyoushowanyfear,thedogwillattackyou.七目的狀語(yǔ)從句,常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的有so,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase(that),forthepurposethat,lest等。1.inorderthat,sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句需要用神情動(dòng)詞，如may/might/will/would/shall/should/can/could等。Theycarvedthewordsonthestonesothat/inorderthatthefuturegenerationshould/mightrememberwhattheyhaddone.Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.sothat引導(dǎo)的從句只好置于主句此后，其中that有時(shí)能夠省略。Weclimbedhighso(that)wemightgetabetterview.2.forfear(that),incase,lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句88v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正Wehadameetingandtalkedthematterfacetoface,forfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.我們開(kāi)了一個(gè)當(dāng)面的會(huì)議談?wù)撨@個(gè)問(wèn)題，省得引起誤會(huì)。incase表示以防（萬(wàn)一）發(fā)生某種情況。Lest意為“以防”。Takeanumbrellawithyouincase/lestitshouldrain.帶著傘以防下雨。八結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句1.that,so,sothat,so...that...,suchthat,such...that...等。Wemovedtothecountrysothatwewereawayfromthenoisyanddullcity.Hespokeatthetopofhisvoicesothatthestudentsatthebackheardhim.2.so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so+形容詞/副詞+that從句Lisalefthomesohurriedlythatshelefthercellphonehome.so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+that從句Tomissokindaboythattheyallliketomakefriendswithhim.so+many/much/few/little+名詞+that從句Thereissolittletimeleftthatwehavetospeedup.3.such...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式+that從句Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim.such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式/不可以數(shù)名詞+that從句Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswer.Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.so...that...與such...that...的差異so是副詞，其修飾的中心詞是形容詞、副詞；such是形容詞，其修飾的中心詞是名詞。Hespokesofastthatnooneunderstandhim.Theyaresuchfineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.99v1.0可編寫(xiě)可更正Jackissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.=Jackissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.為了重申形容詞或副詞，so/such...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，可把so/such部分置于句首，主句用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Soexcitedwashethathecouldnotfallintosleep.Suchgoodnewsdidwegetthateveryonewasexcited.九比較狀語(yǔ)從句常用as...as,notas/so...as...,than等連詞引導(dǎo)?！皌he比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)也可引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。同級(jí)比較常用“as...as...”結(jié)構(gòu)。HespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.不相同級(jí)比較常用“notas/so...as...”結(jié)構(gòu)。Hishandwritingisnotasgoodasyours(is).Hedoesn'tspeakEnglishaswellasyoudo.差級(jí)或最高等比較常用結(jié)構(gòu)“...than...”。Hewasmoresuccessfulthanwehadexpected.Hecanearnnomoremoneythanyoucan.比較關(guān)系的狀語(yǔ)從句常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“the+比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)...”。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.Thesooneryouareback,thebetteritwillbe.注意：what/as也可引導(dǎo)對(duì)稱或比較關(guān)系的狀語(yǔ)從句。Foodistomenwhat/asoilistomachine.食品之于人，好像油之于機(jī)器。Enginesaretomachineswhat/asheartsaretoanimals.引擎對(duì)于機(jī)器而言就恰似心臟對(duì)動(dòng)物相同。十狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略在表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式、比較或退步等的狀語(yǔ)從句中