2019版高考英語Unit11TheMedia夯練(含解析)北師大版必修4

TheMedia李仕才一、閱讀理解。Flauberthaditthat“onewayoftoleratingexistenceistoloseoneselfinliteratureasinanunendingparty”．Itturnsoutthatreadingdoesn'tonlyhelpustotolerateexistence，butactuallylengthensit.ArecentstudybyYaleUniversityresearchers，publishedonlineinthejournalSocialScience&Medicine，concludedthat“bookreadersexperienceda20percentreductionintheriskofdeathoverthe12yearsoffollow-upcomparedtonon-readers”．ThedatawasobtainedfromthestudysponsoredbytheNationalInstituteonAging.Thestudylookedat3,635subjects，allolderthan50，whomtheresearchersdividedintothreegroups：thosewhodidn'treadbooks，thosewhoreadupto3.5hoursaweekandthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursaweek.Thefindingswereremarkable：onaverage，bookreaderssurvivedalmosttwoyearslongerthanthosewhodidn'tcrackopenabook.Themorethesubjectsread，thelongertheylived，butaslittleas30minutesadaywasstillbeneficialintermsofsurvival.Accountingforfactorssuchaseducationlevel，incomeandhealthstatus，thestudyfoundthatthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursweeklywere23percentlesslikelyto—anaverageofahalfhouraday—were17percentlesslikely.“Inotherwords，justlikeahealthydietandexercise，booksappeartopromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage，”theauthorsconcluded.Whyorhowthat's_the_caseremainsunclear；theresearchshowedonlyanassociationbetweenbookreadingandlongevity，notacausalrelationship.Butthefindingsarenotsosurprising.Otherrecentresearchshowedthatreadingnovelsappearstoincreasebothbrainconnectivityandsympathy.1．WhydoestheauthormentionFlaubert'swordsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tostressthevalueofreading.B．Tocomparereadingwithaparty.C．Tointroducethestudyonreading.D．Tosupportthefindingsofthestudy.2．Fromthetext，whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．Nosimilarstudyonreadinghasbeencarriedout.B．Theprocessofthestudylastedmorethantenyears.C．Itshowsreaderslivetwoyearslongerthannon-readers.D．Itshowstimespentonreadingincreasesone'sloveforit.3．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“that'sthecase”probablymean?A．Readingbooksenablespeopletolivelonger.B．Readingissimilartoahealthydietandexercise.C．Readingbooksiscloselyassociatedwithlongevity.D．Readingincreasesbrainconnectivityandsympathy.4．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A．https：B．https：C．https：D．http：【解題導(dǎo)語】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀和長壽有必定的聯(lián)系，閱讀者的均勻壽命比不念書的人長將近兩歲?！倦y句剖析】Thestudylookedat3,635subjects，allolderthan50，whomtheresearchersdividedintothreegroups：thosewhodidn'treadbooks，thosewhoreadupto3.5hoursaweekandthosewhoreadmorethan3.5hoursaweek.剖析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中whomtheresearchersdividedintothreegroups為whom指引的非限制性定語從句；whodidn'treadbooks以及whoreadupto3.5hoursaweek和whoreadmorethan3.5hoursaweek都為who指引的定語從句，修飾先行詞those。譯文：這項研究檢查了3635名年紀(jì)超出50歲的實驗對象，研究人員將他們分為三組：素來不念書的人，每周閱讀3.5小時的人，每周閱讀超出3.5小時的人。1．C考察推理判斷。文章第一段引用福樓拜的名言說明念書的作用，接著第二段介紹了耶魯大學(xué)對于念書與死亡風(fēng)險之間關(guān)系的研究。據(jù)此能夠判斷，引用福樓拜的名言旨在介紹對閱讀的作用的研究，故C項正確。2．B考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“bookreadersexperienceda20percentreductionintheriskofdeathoverthe12yearsoffollow-upcomparedtonon-readers”可知，在12年的追蹤檢查中發(fā)現(xiàn)，與不念書的人對比，閱讀者的死亡風(fēng)險降低了20%。據(jù)此可知，該項檢查連續(xù)了十多年，故B項正確。A項文中沒有說起；C項錯在twoyearslongerthannonreaders，與第四段的第一句“Thefindingswereremarkable：onaverage，bookreaderssurvivedalmosttwoyearslongerthanthosewhodidn'tcrackopenabook”中的almost表述不符；D項文中沒有說起。3．A考察詞義猜想。依據(jù)上文中的“booksappeartopromoteasignificantsurvivaladvantage”及上文所述的研究結(jié)論“念書能夠延伸壽命”和該句“Whyorhow2that's_the_caseremainsunclear；theresearchshowedonlyanassociationbetweenbookreadingandlongevity，notacausalrelationship”可知，閱讀為何以及以什么方式延長讀者壽命，人們?nèi)耘f不清楚。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞指代研究表示的“念書能夠延伸壽命”，故A項正確。4．C考察文章出處。通讀全文可知，本文主要說了然閱讀和長壽有必定的聯(lián)系，閱讀者的均勻壽命比不念書的人長快要兩歲，閱讀能加強盛腦的功能。據(jù)此能夠判斷，本文屬于健康話題，所以最可能摘自健康網(wǎng)站，故C項正確。依據(jù)A項https：可知，該網(wǎng)站介紹家庭生活方式；依據(jù)B項https：可知，該網(wǎng)站介紹馬上第一版的新書；依據(jù)D項http：可知，該網(wǎng)站主要介紹書本。二、閱讀下邊資料，在空白處填入適合的內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2017·廣州綜合檢測)EachweekNewYork-basedhairstylistMarkBustostriestomakeasmalldifferenceinpeople’slives61.____________givinghaircutstohomelesspeople.Duringtheweek,Markworksinhishigh-classsalon,buteachSunday,hewalksaroundthecityaskingpeople62.____________they’dlikeahaircut.Hethengivesthemastylishhaircut—63.____________samekindhewouldgivetoanypayingcustomer,exceptthesearedoneforfreeforthosewhoarehomelessorcannotaffordahaircut64.____________(them)．Mark’sworkbeganin2012whenvisitingfamilyinthePhilippines.Insteadofjust65.____________(take)atypical,relaxingvacation,hedecidedtogivepoorlocalchildrenhaircuts.“IfeltsohappydoingitthatI’vecontinuedsincereturning，”Markexplains.Changingsomeone’sappearancecanhaveahugeimpactontheirlife.Rememberthehomelessretiredsoldierwhoreceivedamake-over?Hefoundajob,66.____________(rent)ahouseandquitdrinkingalcohol(simple)changinghowapersonlookscangivethemahugeincreasein68.____________(confident)．MarkBustosprovesthattherearemanyways69.____________(give)，andthatyoucaneasilyuseyour70.____________(person)abilitiestomakeadifferenceinsomebody’slife.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記述文，主要敘述了發(fā)型師MarkBustos經(jīng)過給無家可歸的3人剪發(fā)來改變他們的相貌，進(jìn)而使他們增添自信心、努力改變生活的故事。61．by分析：考察介詞。依據(jù)語境可知，發(fā)型師經(jīng)過給無家可歸的人剪發(fā)，試圖給他們的生活來個小小的變化。by＋v.-ing意為“經(jīng)過”，作方式狀語。故填by。62．whether/if分析：考察連詞。依據(jù)語境可知，Mark周一至周五在高級美發(fā)廳上班，每個周日就在市里各處逛逛，問人們能否需要剪發(fā)。whether/if指引賓語從句，意為“能否”。故填whether/if。63．the分析：考察冠詞。thesame意為“相同的”，為固定用法。故填定冠詞the。64．themselves分析：考察代詞。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指自己負(fù)擔(dān)不起剪發(fā)花費的人，所以應(yīng)用所給詞的反身代詞。故填themselves。65．taking分析：考察非謂語動詞。insteadof意為“而不是”，后來接動名詞形式，作“of”的賓語。故填taking。66．rented分析：考察動詞的時態(tài)。依據(jù)“and”連結(jié)并列成分可知，此處應(yīng)與其余兩個謂語動詞“found”和“quit”時態(tài)一致，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填rented。67．Simply分析：考察詞性變換。空格處修飾分詞短語“changinghowapersonlooks”，應(yīng)用副詞。故填Simply。注意首字母大寫。68．confidence分析：考察詞性變換。此處指改變發(fā)型能讓他們信心大增，介詞“in”后應(yīng)接名詞形式。故填confidence。69．togive分析：考察非謂語動詞。此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作“manyways”的后置定語。故填togive。70．personal分析：考察詞性變換。此處修飾名詞“abilities”，應(yīng)用所給詞的形容詞形式作定語。故填personal。三、短文改錯假設(shè)英語課上老師要求同桌之間互換改正作文，請你改正你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅波及一個單詞的增添、刪除或改正。增添：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下邊寫出該加的詞。刪除：把剩余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。改正：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下邊寫出改正后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其改正均僅限一詞；只同意改正10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2017·濰坊3月模擬)Lifeisanmysteryandwewillneverknowthatwhatiswaitingforus.Butonethingisforsure:problemsareunavoidable.Forus,it’stheprocessofsolvingproblemsthathelpusgrow.Makeaspeechusedtobeabigproblemforme.Withastrongaccentandterriblypronunciation,Ifailedinspeechcompetitionmanytimes,butIdidn’tholdback.In4thecontrary,Iconsidereditagoodchanceformetoimprovemyself.Irecordedmyspeech,listeningtoitandcorrectedmypronunciation.NowI’mconfidentenoughtogivemybestspeechtoyouall.Mydearfriends,don’tafraidofproblems,buttakeadvantageofittobethebestofourselves!答案：anthatwhatiswaitingforus.ButoneLifeisamysteryandwewillneverknowthingisforsure:problemsareunavoidable.Forus,it’stheprocessofsolvinghelpproblemsthathelpsusgrow.MaketerriblyMakingaspeechusedtobeabigproblemforme.Withastrongaccentandterriblecompetitionmanytimes,butIdidn’tholdpronunciation,IfailedinspeechcompetitionsInback.Onthecontrary,Iconsidereditagoodchanceformetoimprovemyself.Ilisteningrecordedmyspeech,toitandcorrectedmypronunciation.NowI’mlistenedconfidentenoughtogivemybestspeechtoyouall.∧itMydearfriends,don’tbeafraidofproblems,buttakeadvantageofthemtobethebestofourselves!四、七選五。WaystoStopDoubtingYourselfWhatifIdon’tpassthistest?Aremyfriendsjusthangingoutwithmebecausetheyfeelbadforme?1.___________Stop!Theself-doubtstopsrighthere.Herearesomewaystobeatnegativeself-talkandstartbelievinginyourself.BeAware.Thefirststeptowardsovercominganythingistobecomeawareofit.Bybecomingawarethatwearedoubtingourselves,wecansoonerconfirmitandputastoptoit.Aswerealizeourself-doubt,wewillgetquickeratconfirmingandstoppingit.See?2.___________·TakeaBreak.Sometimesitisourmindthatgoesagainstus.Wheneveryoufindyourselfhavingyourselfwhatmadeyougetintothisgoal.5Itwillgetyoutorealizewhyyoustarteditinthefirstplace.4.___________Toooftenwedeterminehowwefeelaboutourselvesaccordingtowhatotherpeoplefeelaboutus.Ourself-worthisjustdependentuponwhatwethinkofourselves.Sowemustbreakfreeofthechainsthattellusourself-worthisrecognizedbyotherpeople.FindSupport.5．___________Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwebsites.Sometimesweallneedtohearsomethingthatwillgetusmovingagain.Wejustneedtoreachouttootherswhounderstandus.A．TakeItSlow.B．FreeYourself.C．Giveyourselftimetothink.D．It’snotalwayseasydoingthingsalone.E．Thisisalreadyastepintherightdirection.F．WhatifIneverfigureoutmylife’spurpose?G．Becauseonceyougiveup,noonecanhelpyou.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了停止思疑自己的幾種方法。1．F分析：空前面是兩個問句，后邊是“Stop！”，所以本空也需要填一個問句，應(yīng)選F項。2．E分析：由空前的“當(dāng)我們意識到自我思疑時，我們能夠?qū)崟r確認(rèn)而且實時遏止?！笨芍?，此處表示這已經(jīng)是朝著正確方向行進(jìn)的一步了，所以選E項。3．C分析：依據(jù)前一句“Wheneveryoufindyourselfhavingdoubts，takeabreak.”即“不論你什么時候發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有疑問，歇息一下”，可知空處應(yīng)是“給自己思慮的時間”，應(yīng)選C項。4．B分析：本段的最后一句說明應(yīng)當(dāng)“解脫自己”，所以選B項。5．D分析：依據(jù)“Findsupportthroughfriendsandreadotherinspirationalwebsites.”可知，空處應(yīng)是“單獨做一些事情是不簡單的”，所以選D項。五、書面表達(dá)(2017·河北衡水中學(xué)期末)若是你是李華，今年寒假你將參加“英國名校兩漫游”冬令營，你計劃2月份在倫敦停留三天(2月13－15日)，住在WellingtonHotel。你想與昨年你們家招待過的來自英國的學(xué)生Charlie會面，請你給他寫一封郵件，簡單介紹倫敦的行程；希望會面并商議會面時間和地址。6注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．能夠適合增添細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連結(jié)；3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。DearCharlie，Howtimeflies！Ithasbeenalmostayearsinceyourlastvisit._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________