2016年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級考試試卷及答案

2016年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級考試試卷及答案

【試題一】

Chineseiswrittenincharacters,howmanycharactersarethere?

an51personcanprobablyrecognizemorethan6,000characters

whilethemostcommoncomputerencodingsystemintaiwanand

hongkongincludes5213,000characters,andthe53systeminch

inaincludesabout6,500characters.however,54Chinesewords

aregenerallycomposedoftwocharacters,onlyafewthousandchar

acterscanbeusedtounderstandmanytensor55hundredsof

thousandsofwords.56knowledgeof2or3thousandisgoodenough

foruseofcommunicationinchinese.chinesecharactersareoften

57forbeingoverlycomplexrelativetoother58systems.onereason

fortheaddedcomplexityisthedifferentinformationcontentofthe

characters.romanlettergiverelativelypreciseinformationonpron

unciation,but59informationonmeaning.in60,Chinesecharacters

givelessprecise（andsometimesno）pronunciationinformation,

but61giveinformationonmeaning,however,Iearningchinese

charactersisnotasdifficultasonewould62firstly,becausethe

majorityofchinesecharactersarephonetic（語音）complexes,

learningto63themisnotsodifficult.secondly,becauseallchara

ctersarederived64acouplehundredsimplepictographs（象形文

字）andideographs（表意文字）inwaysthatareusuallyquite65and

easytoremember,Iearningtorecognizeandwritethemisnotthat

hardeither.

51.catedc.advancedd.analyzed

52.a.aboveb.aboutc.abroadd.aboard

53.a.correctionb.symbolc.criteriad.standard

54.a.thoughb.althoughc.sinced.even

55.a.evenb.onlyc.ratherd.also

56.a.moreoverb.howeverc.andd.thus

57.a.praisedb.acknowledgedc.criticizedd.appreciated

58.a.spokenb.writingc.writtend.oral

59.a.muchb.morec.lessd.lots

60.a.contrastb.additionc.returnd.abstract

61.a.notb.didc.thend.do

62.a.thinkb.tellc.considerd.see

63.nounceb.soundc.utterd.say

64.a.amongb.fromc.ofd.between

65.a.reasonableb.avaliablec.logicald.sensible

參考答案：

51.b52.b53.d54.c55.a56.d57.c58.b59.c60.a61.d62.

a63.a64.b65.c

【試題二】

HaveYouevergonetoaconcertandrealizedthatyourseatswer

erightnexttotheboomingspeakers?Areyouguilty

(1).turningupthevolumeonyourportablecassetteorCDplayer

todrownoutthewhining(哭哭啼啼)ofyourlittIebrother?Sometimes

it'sdifficulttoavoidloudmusicornoises,buttheycanbebadnews

becauseloudnoisescan(2)temporaryorpermanent

hearingloss.

Extremelyloudmusicandnoisesthatgoonforlongperiodsof

(3)arecommoncausesofdeafness.lfanoiseissoloud

thatyouhavetoshouttomakeyourself(4),thereisa

(5)thatthemechanisminsideyourearcanbeinjured

Temporaryhearinglosscanhappenafteryou'vebeen(

6)toloudnoiseforonly1minutes.Ifyouhavetemporaryhearing

loss.youwon'tbeabletohearas(7)asyounormallycan,

andyoumayhavetinnitus(耳鳴)，whichisafaneywordforringingi

ntheears.Yourearscallfeel“full"，too(8)thesethings

usuallygoawayandyourhearingsoonreturnstonormal.

Permanenthearinglosscanhappenwhen,someoneisexposed

toIoudnoise(9)andover.Constructionworkersand

peopIewhoworkinfactoriesmust10)earprotectors

beeausetheequipmenttheyusecanbeextremelyloud.Butevens

omelawnmowers(害!I草機)andpowertoolscanpermanently

_(11)aperson'sabilitytohearhigh-pitchednoisesandcanalsogi

vehimpermanenttinnitus.ListeningtoextremelyIoudmusicover

andovercallaIsohavethesameeffeetonaperson's

(12).AndusingheadphonesonaportablecassetteorCDplayercan

bedangerous(13)ifthevolumeistoohighandthehe

adphonesareusedalot,thenoisecandamagetheears.

Thebestwaytoavoidhearinglossistoweareatprotectors

whenworkingwithmachineryandearplugswhengoingto

a(14).HeadphonesareOKtowearwhenyou'relistening

tomusiejustbesurethevolumeisn'ttoohigh,andgivethemarest

(15)onceinawhile.

練習：

1AofBforCatDon

2AhaveBtakeCcauseDtap

3AcourseBlengthCstateDtime

4AheardBappreciatedCtrackedDwelcomed

5AluckBpointCchanceDsense

6AexposedBexpressedCcarriedDreflected

7AgoodBwellCregularlyDstable

8AUnfortunatelyBAccordinglyCLuckilyDUnexpectedly

9AoverBoneeCagainDaway

10AhearBbearCwearDtear

11AaffectBeffectCenforceDpresent

12AscopeBattitudeCsurveyDhearing

13AwhereasBalthoughCbecauseDunless

14AconcertBfactoryCmetingDmall

15AeachBeveryCallDfor

參考答案：1A2c3D4A5C6A7B8C

9A10C11A12D13C14A15B

2016年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級試題及答案

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1?15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分確定

1個意義最為接近的選項。

1.Withimmenserelief,Istoppedrunning.

AsomeBenormousClittieDextensive

2.Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

AcollectBhandleCanalyzeDinvestigate

3.Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

AhitBpassedCreachedDled

4.Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise

5.ThereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzIe.

AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame

6.Thatguyisreallywitty.

AsmartBuglyChonorableDpopular

7.Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

AreasonableBdramaticChumiliatingDhorrifying

8.ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

ApreparedBtrainedCqualifiedDguided

9.ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

ApraisesBwritesCimitatesDdescribes

1O.ThemeaningisstiIIobscure.

AvagueBtransparentCalienDsignificant

11.Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

AdestroyBdecreaseCdelayDpollute

12.OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefrom

IndiaandPersia.

AassumesBexpectsCpredictsDconsiders

13.ltisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

ArememberBfollowCunderstandDlearn

14.1hopethatIdidn'tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.

AawkwardBstrangeCstupidDawful

15.ThereshouIdbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

AforbidBadvocateCinheritDwithdraw

參考答案：1B2A3B4D5B6A7B8c9D10A11D12A13

B14C15A

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16?22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷:

如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇

B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

SleepProblemsPIaguethe0IderSet

OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight's

rest.It'sahugequality-of-lifeproblem,expertssay,beeausecontr

arytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountof

sleepasyoungeradults.,lSIeepproblemsandsleepdisordersare

notaninherent（固有的）partofaging,“saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,

anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病學）andmedicine

attheMountSinaiSchooIofMedicineinNewYorkCity.**It'sp

rettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyounger

people.,,

Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalof

Medicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericans

haveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.

Olderpeopletendtohave"sleepfragmentation,“meaningthey

wakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.Julie

Gammack,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionof

GeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.

Theyalsoseemtogetless"REM"sleep,thetypeofsleepduring

whichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.

It'sunclearwhatroIethesenaturallyoccurringchangesin

sleeppatternshaveonaperson'squalityoflife,Bloomsaid."Whati

simportant,though,isthatoIderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleep

disordersandproblemswithsleep,“hesaid.

And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.*'SIeep

troubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronic

illnesses,includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暫

停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyin

olderpopulations,"saidMichaelV.VitielIo,aprofessorofp

sychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectorofthe

UniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.Ta

kingmultipiemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadto

fatigueand"hypersomnia,"orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloom

added.

Anotherbigproblem,henoted,isdepressionandanxiety."Those

areverycommonlyassociatedwithsieepproblems."Despitethe

prevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatients

aren'tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinso

mnia（失眠），restlessIegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunderdia

gnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.

16Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone,squalityoflife.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17Itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyounger

people.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18YoungerpeopIeinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepd

isorders.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnot

small.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20"Sleepfragmentation,,referstoamarkedIackofUREM"sleep.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21ThecausesofsleepproblemsinoIderpeopleremainu

nidentified.

ARightBWrongCNotmeritioned

22ActionswiIIsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterheIppeople

withsleepproblems.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

答案及解析：

16A短文的第一段第二句說，睡眠問題是一個重大的生活質量問題。顯

然，睡不好覺，會嚴重影響一個人的生活質量。

17B短文的第一段第二句又說，老年人所需要的睡眠時間與年輕成年者

沒有什么區(qū)另晨

18C短文通篇談的是老年人的睡眠問題，沒有提及年輕人是否抱怨有睡

眠障礙。

19A短文的第三段說，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)有超過半數(shù)的美國老年人有睡眠問題。

20B短文的第四段對sleepfragmentation進行了解釋，它與REMsi

eep無關，指的是夜間經(jīng)常醒來。

21年人睡眠問題的起因進行了分析，主要與各種急、慢性病相關。

22C短文沒有提及美國是否很快會采取行動幫助老年人解決睡眠問題。

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項

中為第1?4段，每段選擇1個最佳標題;（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個

選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

DepressionandtheElderly

1Weallfeelsadattimes.However,clinicaldepressionisas

eriousmatter.Clinicaldepression,sometimescalledmajord

epression,isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsone'st

houghts,feelings,behavior,andphysicaIhealth.Whenpeople

complainthattheyfeelterrible,theyhavenointerestortakenop

leasureinthings,havetroublesleepingJackenergy,havepoor

appetite,orcannotconcentrate,depressionisadefinitepossibility.

2Depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionof

the35miIlionAmerScanswhoare65yearsorolder.Mostolder

peoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes（發(fā)作）of

theillnessduringmuchoftheirlives.Forothers,depressionhasafir

stonset（起病）inlatelife_evenforthoseintheir80sand90s.

DepressioninoIderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependency

anddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividuaIandthe

family.

3Manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdon'trecognizethesy

mptomsofdepression,aren'tawarethatitisamedicalillness,and

don'tknowhowitistreated.0thersmaymistakethesymptomsof

depressionassignsofdementia（癡呆）?Also,manyolderpeople

thinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw（缺陷）andareworriedab

outbeingstigmatized（給帶來恥辱），sotheyblamethemselvesfor

theirillnessandaretooashamed（羞恥的）togethelp.Othersworry

thattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.

4Olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentforthe

illness.Unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequen

cesintermsofbothsuicideandnon-suicidemortality（死亡率）.The

highestrateofsuicideintheUSisamongoIderwhitemen.

Depressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicide

inthatpopulation.Tragically,manyofthosepeoplewhogoontoco

mmitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp—20%seeadoctortheday

theydie,40%theweektheydie,and70%inthemonththeydie.Y

etdepressionisfrequentlymissed.

23.Paragraph1

24.Paragraph2

25.Paragraph3

26.Paragraph4

AHowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?

BWhatisdepression?

CWhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?

DWhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?

ECandepressioninolderpeopiebetreated?

FWhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolder

people?

27.Clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom.

28.Depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith.

29.Depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas.

30.ManyoIderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof.Aach

aracterflaw

Bnormalsadnessandgrief

Cadefinitepossibility

Ddependencyanddisability

Easignificantriskfactor

Funrecognizedanduntreateddepression

答案及解析：

B短文的第一段主要是對depression—詞從臨床的角度進行了定義，稱

其為一種生理學上的大腦疾病，會影響人的思想、感情、行為以及身體健康。

A短文的第二段主要講老年人患各種形式的depression的比例。

D短文的第三段主要講的是：人們或出于無知，或出于羞恥感，或出于

經(jīng)濟原因等而對depression不予以治療。

F短文的第四段主要講的是：depression若不能得到及時的治療，會造成自

殺或者是非自殺性死亡的后果。

B第一段的頭兩句講到，expression不同于一般的悲痛。

D第二段的最后一句說到，老年人是否患expression,其實與他們的依

賴性和殘疾有很大關系。

A第三段的第三句講到，許多老年人將depression視為性格缺陷。

F第四段的第二句說到，不少老年人由于不知道自己得了depression

這種病或者是由于患了這種病卻沒有得到治療而自殺。

第4部分：閱讀理解（第SI?45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定

1個最佳選項。

第一篇IQ-gene

IntheangrydebateoverhowmuchofIQcomesfromthegen

esthatchildreninheritfromparentsandhowmuchcomesfrom

experiences,oneIittlefactgetsoverlooked：noonehasidentified

anygenes(otherthanthosethatcauseretardation)thataffeetintel

ligence.

SoresearchersledbyRobertPlominofLondon'sInstituteof

Psychiatrydecidedtolookforsome.Theyfiguredthatifyouwant

tofinda"smartgene,,'youshouldlookinsmartkids.Theyth

ereforeexaminedtheDNAofstudentslikethosewhoaresobright

thattheytakecollegeentranceexamsfouryearsearly_andstiII

scoreatPrinceton-caliberlevels.Thescientistsfoundwhattheyso

ught."Wehave,,,saysPlomin,"thefirstspecificgeneever

associatedwithgeneralintelligence."

Plomin'scolleaguesdrewbloodfromtwogroupsof51children

each,aII6to15yearsoldandlivinginsixcountiesaroundCleve

land.Inonegroup,theaverageIQis103.Allthechildrenarewhite.

Isolatingthebloodcells,theresearchersthenexaminedeach

child'schromosome6.Ofthe37landmarksonchromosome6that

theresearcherslookedfor,onejumpedout：aformofgenecalled

IGF2Roccurredintwiceasmanychildreninthehigh-IQgroupasin

theaveragegroup_32percentversus16percent.Thestudy,inthe

MayissueofthejournalPsychologicalScience,concludesthatitis

thisformoftheIGF2Rgenethatcontributestointelligence.

SomegeneticistsseemajorproblemswiththeIQ-genestudy.

OneisthepossibilitythatPlomin'sgroupfellfor"chopsticksfallacy".

Geneticistsmightthinkthey'vefoundageneforchopsticksflexibility,

butalIthey'vereallyfoundisagenemorecommoninAsiansthan,

say,Africans.Similarly,Piomin'sIQgenemightsimplybeonethati

smorecommoningroupsthatemphasizeacademicachievement.

“Whatisthegenethatthey'vefoundreflectsethnicity?"asks

geneticistAndrewFeinbergofJohnsHopkinsUniversity."Thatalone

mightexplaintheIinktointelligence,sinceIQtestsareknownfor

beingculturallysensitiveandaffectedbyachild'senvironment.”

AndNeilRischofStandfordUniversitypointsoutthatifyoulook

for37genesonachromosome,astheresearchersdid,andfindth

atoneismorecommoninsmarterkids,thatmightreflectpure

chanceratherthanacausallinkbetweenthegeneandintelligence.

WarnsFeinberg："Iwouldtakethesefindingswithawholeboxof

salt."

31.Inthebeginningofparagraphonewearetoldthats

cientistscannotagree

AhowmuchofIQcomesfromintelligence.

Bhowmanychildreninheritgenesfromparents.

ChowmuchofIQcomesfromgenes.

Dhowmanychildrenlearnbyexperience.

32.Whatdoes"someninthesecondsentenceofparagraphone

standsfor?

AParents.BChildren.

CExperiences.DGenes.

33.Ageneforchopsticksflexibilityisfoundtobe

Aunrelatedtotheabilitytousechopsticks.

Brelatedtotheabilitytousechopsticks.

Cunrelatedtotheabilitytouseforks.

Drelatedtotheabilitytouseforks.

34.Piomin'sIQ-genestudyissimilartothechopsticksgene

findinginthat

AtheremaynotbeacausalIinkbetweengeneandintelligenee.

Bthereisaclosecorrelationbetweengeneandintelligence.

Ctheremaybeacloserelationbetweenchopsticksflexibilityand

children'sacademicscore.

Dthereisnotacloserelationbetweenchopsticksflexibilityand

children'sacademicscore.

35.WhatdoesFeinbergmeanbysaying“Iwouldtakethese

findingswithawholeboxofsalt"?

AHewouIdconsiderthemwhiIeeatinghismeals.

BHedefinitelybelievesthefindings.

CHewouIdconsiderthemwhiIeshoppingforsalt.

DHedoubtsthefindingsverymuch.

第二篇MentalRetardation（智力遲純）

Mentalretardationisaconditioninwhichpeoplehavelower

thannormalintelligenceandareunabletofunctionatthelevelexp

ectedfortheirage.Peoplewithmentalretardationareusuallyborn

withit,oritdevelopsearlyintheirlife.Theymayalsohavesome

difficultywithdailyIivingskilIssuchaslearningtoreadandwrite

andcaringforthemselves.

Doctorsandotherprofessionalsdeterminethatapersonhasmental

retardationbasedontheirintelligenceandhowwelltheycando

everydayactivities.IntelligenceistheabilitytoIeamandun

derstand.Levelsofintelligencearemeasuredbyspecialtestscalled

intelligencetests.Thescoreapersongetsononeofthesetestsgives

anumerical（數(shù)字的）measureofaperson'sintelligenee.Thisiscalled

anintelligencequotient（智商）orIQ.

AnaveragescoreonanIQtestisabout90to110.Apersonwith

mentalretardationwillusuallyscorebelow75onanIQtest.

TheIQtestalonedoesnotdeterminewhethersomeoneis

mentallyretarded.Apersonmustalsohavetroublewitheveryday

activitiessuehasgettingdressed,eating,washing,orlearningbasic

reading,writing,andarithmeticskills.Mentalretardationisnota

diseaseitself.Itcannotbecuredandit'snotcontagious（傳染的）■

Thisconditioncanbecausedbyseveralthingsthatinjurethebrain

ordon'tallowthebraintodevelopnormally.Manytimeswedon't

knowwhyapersonhasmentairetardation.

Sometimesitmaybecausedbygenes.Genesarechemical

unitsfoundineverycell.Theycarrytheinstractionstellingcells

whattodo.Sometimes,childrenreceiveabnormalgenesfromtheir

parents.

Adefectivegenemayalsodevelopspontaneously.Neither

parentwouldhavepassedonthegene,butthegenechangesbeforet

hebabydevelops.

Someotherproblemsthatcancausementalretardationalsoha

ppenbeforeachildisborn.Itisimportantforthebraintodevelop

properlyifachildistohavenormalintelligence."Planningapregnan

cyisthemostimportantdecisionmostofuswillmakeinour

lifetime.Ahealthylifestyleandgoodmedicalcareshouldbeginbefore

awomanbecomespregnantandcontinuethroughoutthepregnancy,"

saysJodiRucquoi,ageneticcounselorfrom

Connecticut.IfawomanabusesalcohoIordrugsordoesn'teat

well,thereisarisktothedevelopingbaby.Also,aprematurebirth

orproblemsduringchildbirthcansometimesharmthebaby'sdeve

lopingbrain.Whileprematurebabiesaregenerallyfine,thereisagr

eaterchancethattheymayhavementalretardation.

Insomecases,ayoungchildcandevelopmentalretardation

afterbeingsickwithaseriousinfectionorotherillness,orafter

sufferingabadheadinjury.

36.Achildcanbetakenasmentallyretardedifheorshe

Awasbornprematurely.

Bhaslowerthannormalintelligence.

Chaslowintelligenceandlowdailylivingskills.

Dhasnormalintelligencebutdifficultiesinlearning.

37.ApersonofhighintelligencewilIprobablyscore

Aabove110onanIQtest.B110onanIQtest.

C90onanIQtest.Dbelow75onanIQtest.

38.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofmentaIretardation?

AItisnotcurable.

BItsvictimsareusuallybornwithit.

CItscausesarenotfullyidentifiedyet.

DItcanspreadamongfamilymembers.

39.WhichisNOTapossiblecauseofmentalretardation?

AAlcoholordrugabuse.

BAbnormalgenesfromtheparents.

CAweH-plannedpregnancy.

DProblemsduringchiIdbirth.

40.Theword,,While"inLine4fromthebottomcanbestbere

placedby

AUnless.BBecause.

CSince.DAlthough.

第三篇ManyOlderDoctorsPIantoPhaseoutTheirPractice

TheresuItsofanewsurveyindicatethat48percentofph

ysiciansbetween50and65yearsofageareplanningtoreduceor

endtheirclinicalpracticeinthenext1to3years.

Thefindingsalsosuggestthatmanyolderphysiciansbelieve

thattheiryoungercounterpartsdonothavetheworkethictheydo.T

hesurvey,whichwasconductedbyMerrittHawkinses,aTexas-based

physiciansearchandconsultingfirm,suggeststhatmanyolder

physiciansaresimplyunhappywiththechangesthathavetaken

placeinmedicineovertheyears.,lWhenBabyBoomdoctorsentered

medicinetheyhadcontroloverhowtheypracticedandthefeethey

charged.Buttheruleschangedontheminmid-streamandnow

manyarelookingforaticketout,"MarkSmith,executivevicep

residentofMerrittssociates,saidinastatement."Ourstudyistheo

nlyoneIamawareofthatexaminesthecareerplansofphysicians

inthe50-to-65agegroup."Thisagegrouprepresentsmorethan

one-thirdofallphysiciansintheU.S.Iftheystopworkinginthe

comingyears,itwiIIhavea"significantimpacfontheoverallsupp

lyofphysicians,SmithtoldReutersHeaIth.

Theresultsofthesurvey,whichiincluded1,170respondents（調

查對象），showthat24percentofolderphysiciansareplanningto

leaveclinicalpracticealltogetherinthenext1to3years.Specifi

cally,14percentsaidtheywereplanningonretiring,7percent

saidtheywerelookingforamedicaIjobinanon-patientcarese

tting,and3percentsaidtheywereseekingajobinanon-medicalfie

Id.ForthosephysiciansnotIeavingclinicalpractice,manysaidthey

wouldmakechangestoreducethenumberofpatientstheytreat.

Forinstance,12percentsaidtheywouldbeginworkingpart-time,8

percentsaidtheyplannedtostoptakingnewpatientsormarkedlyre

ducetheirpatientIoad,and4percentexpressedadesiretoworkon

atemporarybasis.Whenaskedabouttheworkethicofphysicians

enteringpracticetoday,68percentoftherespondentssaidthatthe

seyoungerdoctorsarenotasdedicatedorashardworkingas

physicianswhoenteredpractice20to30yearsago.Fifty-seven

percentofolderphysicianssaidtheywouldnotrecommendmedici

neasacareertotheirownchildren.Similarly,44percentsaidthey

wouldnotselectmedicineasacareeriftheywerestarlingouttoday.

"Themostominous（不祥的）findingisthataboutonehalfofphy

sicianssurveyedplantoeitherabandonpatientcareinthenext1to

3years,orsignificantlyreducethenumberofpatientstheysee,"

Smithsaid."TheU.S.alreadyisfacingawidespreadshortageof

physicians.Shouldolder,lworkhorse'physicianschoosetooptoutof

patientcare,accesstomedicalserviceswillbefurtherrestricted."

31WhichisNOTtrueofphysiciansinthe50-to-65agegroupinthe

u.s.?

A