2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省深圳市高三第一次調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省深圳市高三第一次調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng):

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）AKing'sCollegeLondonVolunteeringislookingforpaidmemberstositontheStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering.TheBoardplaysanimportantroleininfluencingthedevelopmentanddeliveryofthevolunteeringservice.Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudents,teachersandotherstaffatschool.Volunteering,whichhasthepotentialtocreatepositivesocialimpact,isakeypriorityforKing's.TheBoardwillensurethatstudents'

needsareatthecoreoftheservicesothatallKing'sstudentscanmakeadifference.Thisyear,theStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteeringwillco-createtheagenda,andpotentialtopicsinclude:●Volunteeringopportunitiesforthedisabled.●PromotionoftheBoard'sservice.●Howtorecognizeandrewardvolunteers.●EvaluationoftheBoard'swork.ThisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatKing's,regardlessofhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.TheBoardwillberunbothonlineandin-person,andboardmemberswillbepaidtheLondonLivingWage(￡11.95perhour)viaKing'sTalentBank.Theapplicationdeadlineis23:59onFriday,31stMarch2023.Applyviatheformbelow,usingyourKing'semailaddress.1.WhatdoestheBoardaimtodoforthoseatKing's?A.Performvoluntarywork. B.Meettheiracademicneeds.

C.Providelearningopportunities. D.Discovervolunteeringchances.2.Whichofthefollowingisapossibletopicforthisyear'sagenda?A.RunningtheBoardonline.

B.Trainingvoluntaryworkers.

C.AssessingtheBoard'sperformance.

D.Takingcareofpeoplewithdisabilities.3.WhocanapplytobeamemberoftheBoardatKing's?A.Thestudents. B.Theteachers.

C.Thegraduates. D.Theworkingstaff.BFromcottagessurroundedbyimpressivegardenstodaysspentexploringsandybeachesanddeepwoodsfilledwithwildlife,inMyFamilyandOtherAnimals,EnglishwriterGeraldDurrellprovidedavividaccountofhisfamily'stimeontheGreekislandofCorfuinthe1930s.ComeforthearrestingdescriptionsofCorfulandscapesandstayforDurrell'slaugh-out-loudtalesofhisunusualfamily.Thisbook,Durrellwrotehumorouslyintheintroduction,"wasintendedtobeanostalgic(懷舊的)accountofnaturalhistory,butinthefirstfewpages,Imadethemistakeofintroducingmyfamily."Durrell,laterknownforhiszookeepingandthepreservationofwildlife,wasjustachildduringhisfamily'sfive-yearstayinCorfu.Heis10-year-oldGerryinthebook—curious,passionateaboutanimalsandadetailedstorytellerofhisstrangefamily:hisimaginativeelderbrotherLarrywithhisliteraryambitions,lovestrucksisterMargo,sportybrotherLeslieandhisever-calm,lovingmother.Durrell'sattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebooksowinning,witheverysight,soundandsmelloftheislandbroughttolife.Oneminuteyou'llbelaughingasLarry'scleverliteraryfriendswalkdowntothedaffodil-yellowcottage,thenextyou'llbecatchingyourbreathasDurrelldescribesswimmingatnightintheIonianSea:"Lyingonmybackinthesilkywater,staringatthesky,onlymovingmyhandsandfeetslightly,IwaslookingattheMilkyWaystretchinglikeasilkscarfacrosstheskyandwonderinghowmanystarsitcontained."MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficulttoclassify,beingoneparttravel,onepartautobiography,onepartnaturalhistory,andonepartcomedy,withathreadofdescriptivelanguagerunningthroughoutthatsometimesraisesitnearlytopoetry.Asarealdelighttoread,it'stheperfectliteraryescapismforanyadultorolderteenagerwhoiscurrentlywalkingdownatoughroadinlife.4.WhichwordbestdescribesDurrell'slifeinCorfu?A.Risky. B.Busy. C.Tough. D.Diverse.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph2?A.Iintroducedmyfamilybymistake.

B.Ishouldn'thaveintroducedmyfamily.

C.Icouldn'thelpintroducingmyfamily.

D.Igavewronginformationaboutmyfamily.6.Whatareparagraph4and5mainlyabout?A.Thebook'swritingfeature.

B.Durrell'srichimagination.

C.Someinterestingplotsofthebook.

D.Somevividdescriptionsoftheisland.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toshareanexperience. B.Torecommendabook.

C.Tointroduceawritingstyle. D.Todescribeanunusualplace.CWhenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey'vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.Thehard-workinginsectscanchangetheirbehaviorwhenthingsseemdifficult,andnowsomescientistsfindthereisproofthattheyalsoliketoplay.ScientistsfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonperformedanexperiment,inwhichtheysetupacontainerthatallowedbeestotravelfromtheirnesttoafeedingarea.Butalongtheway,thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithsomesmallwoodenballs.Over18days,thescientistswatchedasthebees"wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly,despitenoapparentincentive(刺激)todoso."Earlierstudieshaveshownthattheblackandyellowbugsarewillingtolearnnewtricksinexchangeforfoodorotherrewards.Inthiscase,togetridofexternalfactors,scientistsmadesurethebeeshadadaptedtotheirnewhomeandthattheirenvironmentwasstress-free.Thefindingsuggeststhatlikehumans,insectsalsointeractwithobjectsasaformofplay.Alsosimilartopeople,youngerbeesseemtobemoreplayfulthanadultbees."Thisresearchprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmorecomplicatedthanweimagine.Therearelotsofanimalswhoplayjustforthepurposeofenjoyment,butmostexamplescomefromyoungmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)andbirds,"

saidLarsChittka,aprofessorofsensoryandbehavioralecologyatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,wholedthestudy.Thestudy'sfirstauthor,SamadiGalpay,whoisaPhDstudentatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,statesthatitismoreevidentthatbeesmaybecapableofexperiencingfeelings."Theymayactuallyexperiencesomekindofpositiveemotionalstates,evenifbasic,likeotherlargeranimalsdo.Thisfindinghaseffectsonourunderstandingofthesenseandwelfareofinsects,which,consequently,encouragesustorespectandprotectwildlifeonEarthevermore,"shesays.8.Whatisthenewfindingaboutbees?A.Theyarefondofhavingfun.

B.Theyarefaithfultothequeen.

C.Theyareadaptabletochanges.

D.Theyareskilledatrollingballs.9.Howdidscientistsremoveexternalinfluencesintheexperiment?A.Byteachingbeesnewtricks. B.Byrewardingbeeswithfood.

C.Bymakingbeesfeelathome. D.Bybuildingnewhomesforbees.10.WhatareLarsChittka'swordsmainlyabout?A.Theformsofbees'interaction.

B.Thecomplexityofbees'minds.

C.Theexamplesofmammals'play.

D.Thepurposeofmammals'enjoyment.11.WhatdoesSamadiGalpaysayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itbacksuppriorunderstandingofinsects.

B.Itrevealsreasonsforbees'positivefeelings.

C.Itdrivesresearchonanimals'emotionalstate.

D.ItcontributestowildlifeconservationonEarth.D"You'resosmart!"

Thisencouragingresponsetochildren'smathperformanceiscommonlyheard.Recently,anewstudy,conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia,foundthatencouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedtotheirpersonalcharacteristicsorinbornabilitiesmightweakentheirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.Parentswhomakecommentslinkingtheirchildren'sperformancetopersonalcharacteristicslikeintelligenceareusingwhat'sreferredtoaspersonresponses.Incontrast,parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchaseffortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusingprocessresponses.Forthestudy,researchersaskedmorethan500parentstoreportonhowtheyrespondedtotheirchildren'smathperformanceandtheirmathbeliefsandgoals.Childrenwereassessedintwowavesacrossayeartomeasuretheirmathmotivationandachievement.Theresultsshowthatparentswhoviewmathabilityaschangeablearemorelikelytogiveprocessresponsesfocusedontheirchildren'sstrategyuseandeffortsratherthantheirintelligenceorotherpersonalcharacteristics.Incontrast,parentswhobelievemathabilityisunchangeableandthatmathfailurecan'tbeconstructivegivemorepersonresponses.Parentswithhighexpectationsfortheirchildrengiveacombinationofbothresponses.Whileresponseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenotrelatedtoanyachievementoutcomes,childrenwhoreceivemoreresponsesabouttheirpersonalcharacteristics—inparticular,relatedtofailure—aremorelikelytoavoidhardermathproblems,exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests.Becausepersonresponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime,researcherssuggestparentslimitthistypeofresponsesathome.Anotherrecommendationforparentsistothinkabouttheirownbeliefsandgoalsfortheirkidsandexaminehowthesemightleadthemtorespondinpersonorprocessways.Simplytellingparentstoavoidtalkingaboutmathabilitymaynotbeenough.Focusinglessonhowchildrenperformandmoreontheirstrategyandenjoymentofmathmightbeamoreeffectivewaytoenhancemotivation.12.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofprocessresponse?A.Youarealuckydog. B.Runningisinyourblood.

C.Whatworkswellforyourstudy? D.Whyareyousuchamathgenius?13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudyresults?A.Parentsprefertogivemoreprocessresponses.

B.Childrenaremorelikelytobeaffectedbymathanxiety.

C.Processresponseshelpwithchildren’smathachievement.

D.Personresponsescandiscouragechildrenfromlearningmath.14.Whatdoresearchersadviseparentstodo?A.Restrictpersonresponses. B.Defendtheirownbeliefs.

C.Stresschildren'sperformance. D.Ignorechildren'smathproblems.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheStrategyChildrenAdopttoLearnMathHelps

B.TheWayParentsTalktoChildrenonMathMatters

C.ResponsestoEnhanceChildren'sMathPerformance

D.SuggestionsforParentstoTeachTheirChildrenMath二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoappreciatetheworld'scivilization,gainexcitingexperiencesandspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.

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Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?

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.There,youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutaregion'shistory,scientificachievements,majorculturalevents,andofcourse,dinosaurs.Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts,industrialinnovationsandanythingthatinspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.

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Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrentoknowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren'taburdenontaxrevenue(稅收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.

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Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica.Museumsshapecommunities.Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedheritageiscelebratedandacollectiveidentityisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.

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A.Museumsbringoutthebestqualitiesinchildren.B.Museumsoftendeliverkids-centeredexhibitions.C.Instead,theygeneratefundingandfuelemployment.D.Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.E.Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisanopportunityforconnection.F.Onthecontrary,theyconsumeasmallpercentageofcityfundsannually.G.Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicalbenefitsinmanyways.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共22.5分）NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.Butafterrealizingthemonarchswereanendangeredspecies,their

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soonturnedintoaseriousmission.Theylearnedthatthepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad

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sincetheearly1990s,duetohabitat

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andwidespreaduseofchemicals,whichmadethemilkweeds(馬利筋草)themonarchs

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fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden

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forthemonarchs.Thegardengreworganicmilkweedsthat

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andkeptthebutterflies.Tohelp

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thelocalstosustainthemonarchpopulation,theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary.Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown,butit

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alot.Tocovertheexpense,theysetupastandattheFarmersMarkettoselltheir

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milkweedsforpeopletoplant.Althoughthefundraisingdayswere

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,theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardworkandpeople'ssupport.TheteamhaswontheSilverAwardfortheir

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oftakingcareofbutterflies,buttheyarenot

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withtheirwork."Ournextstepistocutdownontheuseof

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toguaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs,"

saidNatalie.Intheawardceremony,theirteacherBrian

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,"Iamsoproudofthemfortheirconstant

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."21.

A.dream B.hobby C.career D.decision22.

A.doubled B.aged C.declined D.exploded23.

A.management B.assessment C.selection D.destruction24.

A.reliedon B.keptoff C.brokedown D.gaveaway25.

A.partly B.secretly C.rarely D.specially26.

A.attracted B.protected C.monitored D.trapped27.

A.employ B.educate C.force D.limit28.

A.meant B.cost C.changed D.hurt29.

A.dry B.medical C.healthy D.wild30.

A.pleasing B.light C.long D.disappointing31.

A.project B.concept C.schedule D.assignment32.

A.concerned B.connected C.finished D.occupied33.

A.chemicals B.time C.funds D.energy34.

A.quoted B.continued C.replied D.commented35.

A.donations B.support C.patience D.efforts四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.ForGreekphotographerGeorgeDoupas,Beijingishomenow.Duringthepastdecade,hehasbeenphotographingthecity,capturingitsbeauty

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sharingthesephotosonlineandinexhibitions."This

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(true)representsBeijing—theoldandthenew,nicelymixingtogether,"

DoupassaidwhileshowinghisphotographoftheZhihuaTemple,adelicateMingDynastybuilding.It

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(locate)infrontofamodernofficebuilding,GalaxySOHO,whichfeaturesweavingbridgesandinterlockingpassageways.Withrichhistoricalheritage,Beijing

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(be)animportantcenteroftraditionalChineseculturesincetheMingDynasty.Doupasoftengets

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(lose)inthecity'ssplendidancientarchitecture.Meanwhile,heisalsoamazedbythemoderncity

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(combine)high-endbusinessesandvariousindustries."Itisfascinatingtoseearapidly-developingcitythatinvestssomucheffortinpreservingitspast,whichis

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Idecidedtopursuemycareerhere,"

hesaid.DoupasisdeterminedtocontinuewithhiscareerinChina,hopingtoserveas

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bridgebetweenChinaandtheWest.The

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(display)thatshowhisphotosaboutBeijinghaveattractedalargeaudienceinGreeceandtheCzechRepublic."IcallBeijingmyhomenow,"

hesaid,"I'llkeepsharingphotosofChina

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therestoftheworld."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TodaywasCommunityServiceDayatschool.Maya'sclasswasgoingtomakecardsfortheseniorslivinginanursinghome.ItwasalsothefirstdayMayawouldbewearingherlegbrace(腿支架)toschool,whichwasdesignedtohelpherwalkmoresteadilyandsmoothly.Itwasacoldautumnmorning,Mayalookeddown,feelingembarrassed.Tomakeitlovelier,shehaddelicatelydecoratedthebracewithprettybutterflypatterns.Still,shewasunsureaboutothers'

reaction.Allmorningatschool,kidskeptglancingatherbrace.Toherrelief,theydidn'tsayanything.Intheclassroom,Mayawasdrawinglittlegreenbuds(芽)andprettyflowerswhenherfriendSamircameoverandsatbyher.Shefelthiseyesfixedonherbraceandheardhimasking,"What'sthatfor?"

Notknowingwhattosay,Mayapretendedshedidn'thearhim.Afterafewsecondsofawkwardness,sheglancedbackathim,andfoundthathelookedalittlesad.Afterlunch,theclasssetoff.Thenursinghomewasonasmallhillandallofthemwalkedtherehappilyalongthepath.Mayafoundthatthebracedidmakeiteasierforhertowalkup.MayaandSamirwerepairedupwithaladywhowas83yearsold.Thereattheendofthehallinawheelchair,withabigsmileonherface,satthelady,wearingapinkcoat,withredlipstickandbeautifulearrings.Shelookedbrightandfulloflife.MovingflexiblyandfasttowardsMayaandSamir,shegreetedfirst."I'mJoan,"

shesaidcheerfully,"Gladtomeetyou."MayaandSamirhandedherthecardstheymade.JoanlookedatSamir'scardcarefullyandspokewithadmiration,"You'vewrittenapoem!That'ssoartistic!"

Samir'sfacereddenedwithshyness.ThenJoanturnedtoMaya'spicture."Thefirstflowersofspring!"

shecriedindelight."Youreallyhaveagiftforusingcolour!"

shesaid.Clearly,Joan'spraiseaddedgreatpowerintoMaya.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1:InasuddenwaveofbraveryMayaasked,"What'sitlikebeinginawheelchair?"______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

Paragraph2:DeeplyimpressedbyJoan,MayaofferedtositbesideSamironthebusridebackhome.______________________________________________________

???????______________________________________________________六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）38.假定你是李華,你班計(jì)劃與新西蘭姊妹學(xué)校某班級(jí)在線共上一堂介紹“傳統(tǒng)體育項(xiàng)目”的交流課。請(qǐng)你代表班級(jí)寫(xiě)封郵件給對(duì)方班長(zhǎng)Hans,內(nèi)容包括：1.交流的目的；2.告知相關(guān)事宜；3.征求意見(jiàn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearHans,________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦國(guó)王學(xué)院志愿服務(wù)給學(xué)生，老師和其他工作人員提供做志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)。

1.

根據(jù)第一段最后一句話Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudents,teachersandotherstaffatschool.（其目的是為學(xué)生、教師和學(xué)校其他工作人員尋找志愿服務(wù)機(jī)會(huì)。）可知，委員會(huì)的目標(biāo)是給學(xué)生、老師和其他工作人員提供做志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)第四個(gè)黑點(diǎn)后面的內(nèi)容EvaluationoftheBoard'swork.（對(duì)委員會(huì)工作的評(píng)價(jià)）可知，“對(duì)董事會(huì)的工作進(jìn)行評(píng)估”可能是今年議程的話題之一。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句話ThisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatKing's,regardlessofhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.（這是一個(gè)獨(dú)特而令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)，向所有在國(guó)王學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)的人開(kāi)放，不管你自愿參加的次數(shù)有多少。）可知，國(guó)王學(xué)院的學(xué)生們可以申請(qǐng)成為國(guó)王學(xué)院董事會(huì)成員。故選A。

4~7.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章推薦了英國(guó)作家GeraldDurrell的一本書(shū)——《我的家人和其他動(dòng)物》。

1.

根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容（在《我的家人和其他動(dòng)物》一書(shū)中，英國(guó)作家杰拉爾德·達(dá)雷爾生動(dòng)地描述了20世紀(jì)30年代他家人在希臘科孚島上的時(shí)光，從被令人印象深刻的花園包圍的小屋到探索充滿野生動(dòng)物的沙灘和深林的日子。）可知，Durrell在科孚島的生活是多樣的。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和劃線句前文wasintendedtobeanostalgic(懷舊的)accountofnaturalhistory,（本想成為一本關(guān)于自然史的懷舊書(shū)）可知，作者原本想寫(xiě)一本關(guān)于自然史的懷舊書(shū)，從而推知，劃線詞句butinthefirstfewpages,

Imadethemistakeofintroducingmyfamily.（但在前幾頁(yè)，我錯(cuò)誤地介紹了我的家人。）其中劃線部分應(yīng)為“我情不自禁地介紹了自己的家人”的意思。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)第四段中的Durrell'sattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebooksowinning,witheverysight,soundandsmelloftheislandbroughttolife.（Durrell對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注使這本書(shū)如此引人入勝，島上的每一個(gè)景象、聲音和氣味都栩栩如生。）和第五段中的MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficulttoclassify...sometimesraisesitnearlytopoetry.(《我的家庭和其他動(dòng)物》很難歸類(lèi)，一部分是游記，一部分是自傳，一部分是自然歷史，一部分是喜劇，一種描述性的語(yǔ)言貫穿始終，有時(shí)幾乎把它提升到詩(shī)歌的境界。）可知，這兩段主要介紹了這本書(shū)的寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)。故選A。

4.

通讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容（作為一種真正的閱讀樂(lè)趣，對(duì)于任何目前正走在艱難人生道路上的成年人或年齡較大的青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一種完美的文學(xué)逃避主義。）可知，這篇文章的目的是為了推薦這本《我的家庭和其他動(dòng)物》。故選B。

8~11.【答案】A、C、B、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果表明昆蟲(chóng)的思維比人類(lèi)想象的復(fù)雜。這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)于保護(hù)昆蟲(chóng)有很大的作用。

1.

根據(jù)第一段第二句話Thehard-workinginsectscanchangetheirbehaviorwhenthingsseemdifficult,andnowsomescientistsfindthereisproofthattheyalsoliketoplay.（這種勤勞的昆蟲(chóng)可以在困難的時(shí)候改變自己的行為，現(xiàn)在一些科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有證據(jù)表明它們也喜歡玩耍。）可知，新的研究表明蜜蜂喜歡玩耍。故選A。2.

根據(jù)第三段第二句話Inthiscase,togetridofexternalfactors,scientistsmadesurethebeeshadadaptedtotheirnewhomeandthattheirenvironmentwasstress-free.（在這種情況下，為了擺脫外部因素，科學(xué)家們確保蜜蜂已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了它們的新家，并且它們的環(huán)境沒(méi)有壓力。）可推知，為了消除外部因素，他們讓蜜蜂適應(yīng)新家，讓他們有了家的感覺(jué)，從而對(duì)環(huán)境感覺(jué)不到壓力。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)第四段LarsChittka說(shuō)的話Thisresearchprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmorecomplicatedthanweimagine.Therearelotsofanimalswhoplayjustforthepurposeofenjoyment,butmostexamplescomefromyoungmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)andbirds（這項(xiàng)研究有力地表明，昆蟲(chóng)的思維遠(yuǎn)比我們想象的復(fù)雜。有很多動(dòng)物只是為了享樂(lè)而玩耍，但大多數(shù)例子來(lái)自于年輕的哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)）可知，LarsChittka的話表明了昆蟲(chóng)的思維非常復(fù)雜。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段SamadiGalpay所說(shuō)的話Thisfindinghaseffectsonourunderstandingofthesenseandwelfareofinsects,which,consequently,encouragesustorespectandprotectwildlifeonEarthevermore（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)我們理解昆蟲(chóng)的感覺(jué)和福利產(chǎn)生了影響，從而鼓勵(lì)我們更加尊重和保護(hù)地球上的野生動(dòng)物）可知，該研究結(jié)果有助于保護(hù)地球上的野生動(dòng)物。故選D。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要內(nèi)容是說(shuō)父母對(duì)孩子的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)做出不同的反應(yīng)，會(huì)對(duì)孩子產(chǎn)生不同的作用；用與個(gè)人特征或天生能力相關(guān)的反應(yīng)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)孩子，可能會(huì)削弱他們的數(shù)學(xué)動(dòng)機(jī)和成績(jī)，所以建議家長(zhǎng)在家里限制這種類(lèi)型的反應(yīng)。

1.

根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容（將孩子的表現(xiàn)與智力等個(gè)人特征聯(lián)系起來(lái)的父母使用的是所謂的“個(gè)人反應(yīng)”。相比之下，將孩子的行為（如努力或策略的使用）與他們的表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)的父母使用的是過(guò)程反應(yīng)。）可知，使用“過(guò)程反應(yīng)”的父母，將孩子的行為（如努力或策略的使用）與他們的表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)，而C項(xiàng)（什么對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)有幫助？）談?wù)摰氖呛⒆拥膶W(xué)習(xí)策略，屬于“過(guò)程反應(yīng)”。故填C。

2.

根據(jù)第一段中的Recently,anewstudy,conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia,...theirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.（最近，佐治亞大學(xué)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著時(shí)間的推移，用與個(gè)人特征或天生能力相關(guān)的反應(yīng)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)孩子，可能會(huì)削弱他們的數(shù)學(xué)動(dòng)機(jī)和成績(jī)。）和第四段中的Whileresponseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenotrelatedto...scoreloweronmathachievementtests.（雖然強(qiáng)調(diào)策略和努力的回答與任何成就結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān)，但收到更多關(guān)于個(gè)人特征的回答的孩子，尤其是與失敗有關(guān)的孩子，更有可能避免更難的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，表現(xiàn)出更高水平的數(shù)學(xué)焦慮，在數(shù)學(xué)成就測(cè)試中得分更低。）可知，“個(gè)人反應(yīng)”會(huì)阻礙孩子學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)最后一段的第一句話Becausepersonresponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime,researcherssuggestparentslimitthistypeofresponsesathome.（由于“個(gè)人反應(yīng)”預(yù)示著隨著時(shí)間的推移，孩子的數(shù)學(xué)適應(yīng)能力會(huì)下降，研究人員建議家長(zhǎng)在家里限制這種類(lèi)型的反應(yīng)。）可知，研究人員建議家長(zhǎng)在家里限制“個(gè)人反映”這種類(lèi)型的反應(yīng)。故填A(yù)。

4.

這篇文章主要內(nèi)容是說(shuō)父母對(duì)孩子的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)做出不同的反應(yīng)，會(huì)對(duì)孩子產(chǎn)生不同的作用；用與個(gè)人特征或天生能力相關(guān)的反應(yīng)來(lái)鼓勵(lì)孩子，可能會(huì)削弱他們的數(shù)學(xué)動(dòng)機(jī)和成績(jī)，所以建議家長(zhǎng)在家里限制這種類(lèi)型的反應(yīng)。所以B項(xiàng)（父母與孩子談?wù)摂?shù)學(xué)的方式很重要）作為本文的題目與文章主題相符合。故選B。

16~20.【答案】G、D、B、C、E【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了博物館的多項(xiàng)社會(huì)性功能。

1.

根據(jù)上文Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,...andspendqualitytimewithfamilyandfriends.（對(duì)于計(jì)劃旅行的人來(lái)說(shuō)，參觀博物館可能不是他們想到的第一件事。畢竟，有很多方式可以欣賞世界文明，獲得令人興奮的體驗(yàn)，與家人和朋友共度美好時(shí)光。）可知，此處提到人們?cè)诼眯型局杏泻芏噙x擇，博物館不是人們的首選地址，G項(xiàng)（然而，事實(shí)是博物館在許多方面提供了神奇的好處。）中的however表明，其實(shí)去博物館有好多益處，此處點(diǎn)明本文的主題。上下文銜接連貫順暢，故選G。

2.

根據(jù)上文Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingspecific?（博物館是人們學(xué)習(xí)新東西的地方，不分年齡！你有什么特別的興趣嗎？）可知，可以去博物館觀看感興趣的東西；D項(xiàng)（然后，去當(dāng)?shù)氐牟┪镳^了解一下這個(gè)主題。）中的thatsubject指代上文的somethingspecific，上下文連貫順暢。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)下文Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartof...tocreatemeaningfulandengagingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.（它們肯定是教育經(jīng)歷中令人興奮的一部分，主要目的是讓孩子們接觸各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，擴(kuò)大他們的視野。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，博物館正在努力創(chuàng)造有意義和吸引人的活動(dòng)，以互動(dòng)和知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)。）可知，博物館可以讓孩子們接收到教育，B項(xiàng)（博物館經(jīng)常舉辦以兒童為中心的展覽。）作本段小標(biāo)題，上下文連貫順暢。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)上文Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpromotersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren'taburdenontaxrevenue(稅收)oraseparateconcernfromothercityprojects.（博物館支撐旅游業(yè)。他們是小城鎮(zhèn)和大城市的旅游推動(dòng)者。博物館不是稅收的負(fù)擔(dān)，也不是與其他城市項(xiàng)目分開(kāi)的單獨(dú)的問(wèn)題。）可知，本段中涉及博物館對(duì)城市旅行業(yè)的推動(dòng)；C項(xiàng)（相反，它們創(chuàng)造了資金和就業(yè)。）與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；及結(jié)合下文Statisticsshowthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica（統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，博物館在美國(guó)提供了72.6萬(wàn)個(gè)工作崗位）可知，此處具體解釋博物館創(chuàng)造工作機(jī)會(huì)的功能，呼應(yīng)C項(xiàng)的fuelemployment，上下文銜接連貫順暢，故選C。

5.

根據(jù)上文Museumsshapecommunities...Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.（博物館塑造社區(qū)。博物館有活動(dòng)和展覽，游客可以通過(guò)這些活動(dòng)了解當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史。博物館是慶祝共同遺產(chǎn)和形成集體身份的地方。它們提供了一個(gè)有趣的公共空間，人們可以在這里見(jiàn)面交談。）可知，本段涉及博物館塑造社區(qū)的功能，博物館作為一個(gè)公共空間，人們可以相互交流；E項(xiàng)（即使是在禮品店購(gòu)物，也有機(jī)會(huì)建立聯(lián)系。）可知，在博物館的周邊產(chǎn)業(yè)，如禮品店，在這里人們也有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行交流聯(lián)系，上下文順暢。故選E。

21~35.【答案】B、C、D、A、D、A、B、B、C、C、A、C、A、D、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了兩個(gè)13歲的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉從養(yǎng)帝王蝶的愛(ài)好到致力于保護(hù)帝王蝶的故事，她們的項(xiàng)目最終獲獎(jiǎng)且受到好評(píng)。

1.

句意：但在意識(shí)到帝王蝶是瀕危物種后，她們的愛(ài)好很快就變成了一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅的任務(wù)。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.hobby業(yè)余愛(ài)好；C.career事業(yè)；D.decision決定。由上文的NatalieandCallie,both13yearsold,startedraisingmonarchbutterfliesforfunin2020.（娜塔莉和卡莉都是13歲，2020年開(kāi)始養(yǎng)帝王蝶。）和下文的turnedintoaseriousmission可知，娜塔莉和卡莉開(kāi)始養(yǎng)帝王蝶是一種愛(ài)好，但因帝王蝶瀕?，F(xiàn)狀，她們的愛(ài)好很快就變成了一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅的保護(hù)任務(wù)。故選B。

2.

句意：她們了解到，自20世紀(jì)90年代初以來(lái)，由于棲息地的破壞和化學(xué)物質(zhì)的廣泛使用，帝王蝶的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降，這使得帝王蝶所依賴(lài)的主要食物馬利筋草變得很危險(xiǎn)。A.doubled（使）加倍；B.aged變老；C.declined減少、下降；D.exploded爆炸。由上文的themonarchswereanendangeredspecies和下文的widespreaduseofchemicals和theirmaindietdangeroustoeat可知，帝王蝶遭受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的傷害，吃的食物有害，已經(jīng)瀕危，數(shù)量應(yīng)該是減少的。故選C。

3.

句意同上。A.management管理；B.assessment評(píng)估；C.selection選擇；D.destruction摧毀。由上文的themonarchswereanendangeredspecies，thepopulationofmonarchbutterflieshad

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sincetheearly1990s和下文的guaranteeasafeenvironmentforthemonarchs可知，該空講述帝王蝶數(shù)量減少的原因，根據(jù)下文講要保護(hù)帝王蝶棲息地，可得出帝王蝶棲息地遭到破壞是其原因之一。故選D。

4.

句意同上。A.reliedon依靠；B.keptoff（使）讓開(kāi)；C.brokedown出故障；D.gaveaway捐贈(zèng)。由本句的themilkweeds(馬利筋草)themonarchs

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fortheirmaindietdangeroustoeat.可知，該空定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞themilkweeds(馬利筋草)，此處指帝王蝶所依賴(lài)的主要食物是馬利筋草。故選A。

5.

句意：因此，女孩們與一個(gè)全國(guó)性的非營(yíng)利組織合作，專(zhuān)門(mén)為帝王蝶種植了一個(gè)本土花園。A.partly部分地；B.secretly秘密地；C.rarely很少地；D.specially尤其、專(zhuān)門(mén)地。由下文的Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds可知，這個(gè)本土花園種植著帝王蝶的主要食物馬利筋草，可得出是專(zhuān)門(mén)為帝王蝶種植的本土花園。故選D。

6.

句意：花園里生長(zhǎng)著有機(jī)的馬利筋草，吸引并留住了蝴蝶。A.attracted吸引；B.protected保護(hù)；C.monitored監(jiān)視；D.trapped使落入險(xiǎn)境。由上文的Thegardengreworganicmilkweeds可知，這個(gè)本土花園種植著帝王蝶的主要食物馬利筋草，這會(huì)吸引帝王蝶。故選A。

7.

句意：為了幫助教育當(dāng)?shù)厝司S護(hù)帝王蝶數(shù)量，她們?cè)诋?dāng)?shù)貓D書(shū)館舉辦了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于帝王蝶的展覽。A.employ雇傭；B.educate教育；C.force迫使；D.limit限制。由下文的theycreatedanexhibitionaboutthemonarchsinthelocallibrary可知，她們舉辦關(guān)于帝王蝶展覽的目的是教育當(dāng)?shù)厝吮Ｗo(hù)帝王蝶，呼應(yīng)下文的Theyalsowantedtoputupaneducationalsignintown。故選B。

8.

句意：她們還想在鎮(zhèn)上張貼一個(gè)教育標(biāo)志，但花費(fèi)很大。A.meant意味著；B.cost花費(fèi)；C.changed改變；D.hurt傷害。呼應(yīng)下文的Tocovertheexpense和thefundraisingdays，講因花費(fèi)很大而籌款一事。故選B。

9.

句意：為了支付費(fèi)用，她們?cè)谵r(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)設(shè)立了一個(gè)攤位，出售健康的馬利筋草供人們種植。A.dry干燥的；B.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；C.healthy健康的；D.wild野外的。由本句的“selltheir

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milkweedsforpeopletoplant”和常識(shí)可知，賣(mài)給人種的馬利筋草應(yīng)該是健康的。故選C。

10.

句意：雖然籌款的日子很長(zhǎng)，但在她們的努力和人們的支持下，她們終于成功地賺到了足夠的錢(qián)。A.pleasing令人愉悅的；B.light明亮的；C.long漫長(zhǎng)的；D.disappointing令人失望的。由下文的theyfinallysucceededinearningenoughmoneywiththeirhardwork可知，她們努力賺到了足夠的錢(qián)，可得出籌款的日子應(yīng)該很長(zhǎng)。故選C。

11.

句意：該團(tuán)隊(duì)因其照顧帝王蝶的項(xiàng)目獲得了銀獎(jiǎng)，但她們的保護(hù)帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。Aproject項(xiàng)目；B.concept概念；C.schedule計(jì)劃；D.assignment任務(wù)。呼應(yīng)上文的Sothegirlsteamedupwithanationalnonprofitgrouptoplantanativegarden

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forthemonarchs.，講兩個(gè)女孩為保護(hù)帝王蝶所做的項(xiàng)目。故選A。

12.

句意同上。A.con