語法系列句子成分及五大基本句式全解練習(xí)

簡單句五種根本句，并列和復(fù)合句WangHansong簡單句析不管看上去有多紛繁龐雜的英語句子簡之后得到的根本框架皆是由五種根本句式組合而成并熟知英語簡單句的五種根本句式是理解所有單復(fù)句〔單句，并列句，復(fù)合句，復(fù)雜句〕的最重要的前提保證；它同時(shí)也是學(xué)好各大英語語法的必備條件。簡單句根本句型構(gòu)成英語句子最重要最根本的組成局部主語和謂語大局部。而這兩局部需要由不同功能的詞性充當(dāng)了解各種詞性的功能成為首要任務(wù)面是常見幾種詞性的主要功能簡介住類詞的文縮1.名詞：主語，賓語，表語；賓語補(bǔ)足語2.代詞pron主語，賓語，表語語-不多見〕3.動(dòng)詞v.包及物動(dòng)詞Vt不及物動(dòng)詞Vi節(jié)不涉及〕4形容詞adj.：表語，定語以充當(dāng)狀語〕通常修飾名詞或代詞5副詞adv.狀語〔通修飾動(dòng)詞，形詞，副詞；時(shí)也修飾介詞短語〕6連詞conj.：起連接個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上句子成分句子功能。7冠詞：定語，通常修飾名詞了解并熟知常見詞性的主要功能為我們速抓住子的主干局及理解長難句奠定良好的根底以我們平時(shí)在背單詞必要理解并記憶其詞性有了這個(gè)先決條件，再來學(xué)習(xí)并運(yùn)用下面五種根本句簡單多了。1.S十Vi主謂構(gòu)造2.S十Vt十O主謂賓構(gòu)造3.SLinkV十P系表構(gòu)造4S十Vt十十O2主謂雙賓構(gòu)造5.十Vt十十OC主謂賓+補(bǔ)構(gòu)造解讀〔1S主；＝語LinkV=動(dòng)詞＝表語；O＝語＝間接語通常人＝接賓語常指物OC賓補(bǔ)足語〕仔細(xì)觀察以上五種根本句式，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，各句式中的謂動(dòng)詞類并不完全一樣此也提醒我們?cè)诒硢卧~過程中對(duì)意識(shí)的去了解動(dòng)詞的類別，辨清是linkV,Vt還是Vi

五種根句式解析1：十Vi

主構(gòu)造常不接賓；無被動(dòng)語)。此句式后往往會(huì)用一些時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，頻率，程度，方式等狀語修飾，以使句意更加明晰。1)主語用以下詞性或詞形充:n./pron./doing/todo/clause2)用作謂語常不及物動(dòng)〔或短語有appear,sit,apologize,arrive,e,go,die,disappear,exist;fall,rise;occur,happen,takeplace,eabout,breakout;eout,eup,goout

等等Eg:(1)Mr.Blackdisappearedsuddenly.(2)Theoldnationhasexistedaboutonethousandyears.(3)GreatChangeshavetakenplaceinourcountrysincethe1990s．(4)Somegoodideascameupatthemeetingyesterday.E**先出句子干翻譯再適當(dāng)置譯附加1)我們班的每一位同學(xué)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。_____________________________________2)我們學(xué)校的大局部班主任通常5:20就起床了。_______________________________________jz*

--3)那場大火大概是前天下午三點(diǎn)爆發(fā)的。_____________________________________2.S十Vt(

短)十主謂構(gòu)有時(shí)句子中含有與賓語有關(guān)的狀語。作賓語的成分常是：名詞、代、動(dòng)詞定、動(dòng)名或句。：1)Welikesports我們喜愛運(yùn)動(dòng)。2)Heknowswhattodonext他知道下一步做什么。3)HebeganlearningEnglishtenyearsago．十年前他開場學(xué)英語。4)Ihavedecidedtoplaytheflutewell我已經(jīng)決定把長笛吹好。5)我昨天與同班同學(xué)一起看了一部電影。6)Youplacemeinadifficultsituation.___________________________。7)Theyfinallymanagedtogetalongwithus.____________________________。8have____________________ofthechildren孩子他們照看得很好。17〕Idon’tlikebeingtreatedlikethis.________________________________〔注:少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞后面可以跟一個(gè)一樣意義的名詞作賓語，這樣的賓語就叫做同源賓語。常見的能帶同源賓語的動(dòng)詞有：lead,live,die,sleep,dream,breathe,smile,laugh,fight,run,sing。例如：1).UndertheleadershipoftheParty,thepeasantsleadahappylife.2).Idreamedaterribledreamlastnight.3).OursoldiersfoughtawonderfulfightagainstthefloodslastAugust.4).Hediedagloriousdeath.3:S十linkV十P主表構(gòu)造1)HeisanITengineer．他是一位信息工程師。2)Theclothfeelssmooth．這塊布料手感細(xì)滑。3)Therivernearmyhouselooksmorebeautifulintheearlymorning.條河在清晨看上去格外美麗。

我家附近的那**這句型的動(dòng)詞般分為以兩類表狀態(tài)連系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,feel,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。如：4)Weshould__________________anytime.(持謙虛)。5)這種食物嘗起來很糟糕。___________________________________.B.表轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果系動(dòng)詞。這些詞有bee,get,grow,turn,go,e,prove,等等。如：6)Springes.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.7)Don'thavethefood._______________________________.(它已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了)。8)Thefact_____________________.這個(gè)事實(shí)證明是正確的。4.S十V十O1O2主謂雙賓構(gòu)＝接賓O2直接賓--word.zl-

--1)Theoldmangavethelittleboysomecoins．老人給了那個(gè)小男孩幾個(gè)硬幣。2)Mr.HardeyteachesUSEuropeanLiterature．哈代先生教我們歐洲文學(xué)。3)Hisauntboughthimabookandseveraltoys．他嬸嬸給他買了一本書和幾個(gè)玩具。4)Hispraisegavegreatencouragement．

他的表揚(yáng)給了我們很大的鼓舞。5)Theprogrammerisshowingushowtousethe員正在教我們?nèi)绾问褂秒娔X。(這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指“人〞，直接賓語常常指“物〞.)如：6herfather____________________________asabirthdaypresent.

昨天她父親給她買了一輛自行車作為生日禮物。TheoldmanistellingthechildrenstoriesintheLongMarch.___________________________________________________這句型還轉(zhuǎn)為其兩句A.

動(dòng)＋直接語for；B.

動(dòng)＋直接語to。8)Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.=Please______________________________9)I'llofferagoodchanceaslongasyoudontloseheart.=I'lloffer___________________________aslongasyoudon'tloseheart.5:S十V十OC主謂補(bǔ)造1)WethinkCreektoo．我們認(rèn)為希臘語太難了。2)him

captain我們選他作隊(duì)長。3)Theydon'twanttoletusgo他們不想讓我們走。4)Whenthepolicemencameinfoundtheoldmandead察進(jìn)來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)老人死了。5)He1ikestowatchtheboysfootball.

他喜歡看那些男孩們踢足球。**這種句型中的“語＋補(bǔ)語可統(tǒng)稱“復(fù)合語,作補(bǔ)語的常常名詞形容詞副、介短、分、詞不6〕Keep________________________________,please.請(qǐng)讓孩子們安靜下來。7〕他把墻漆成白色。--word.zl-

--_____________________________________________________.8〕我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)老實(shí)的人。______________________________________________.注意動(dòng)詞have,make,see,hear,notice,feel,observe,后面所接的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不帶to但如變?yōu)閯?dòng)語態(tài)那么加to

如：9〕Thebossmadehimdotheworkallday.(

變被語____________________________________________________.E**判下面各分別屬簡單句哪根本型1.Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.()2.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.()3.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.()4.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.()5.Shegavemehertelephonenumber.()6.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.(

)7.Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.()8.Didyousleepwell"()9.Horse-ridingandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.(10.Popmusicmakespeoplefeeleasyandforgetabouttherealworld.()綜合能訓(xùn)練1.Don'tsmokeinthemeeting-room，_________"A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD．couldyou2.Cannedfooddonotgo______easily．A.sourlyB.sourC.souringD.soured3.Ishallmakeyourdream_______.A.ingtrueB.etrueCetrueDtrue4.Eveninbedhisuneasinessabouthisricheskepthim________.A．wakeBCD．toawaken5.Ithink_______agoodhabittogetupearly.A．thisB．itC．thatD6.--DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother"don’tknow，______.Adon’tIcareB．norIcareCdon’tcareneitherD．Idon’tcarealso7.Thetelevisionsetwillkeepus_______ofthenewsoftheday．A．informedBC．educatedD．inform8.Thespeakerfoundhimself_______allalone.A.leaveB.toleaveC．1eavingD9.Thedaywewerelongingfor_______atlast．A.ingB．came．toe．e10.Hedidallhecould________thepoorpeopleinthemountainarea．A．helpB．tohelp．helpingD11.Everyminutemustbemadefulluseof________ourlessonsABC．doneD．todo12.Thelifehehasbeenusedto_________disturbednowAB．beCD．isbeing13.—Wouldyouliketoetodinnertonight.—I'dliketo,__I'mtoobusy.

)--word.zl-

--A.andB.soC.asD.but14.Mrs.Blackdoesn'tbelievehersonisabletodesignadigitalcamera,________"A.isheB.isn'theC.doesn'tsheD.doesshe15.Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,_______"A.wasthereB.wasn’tthereC.didn'theD.didhe16.——HowaboutJohn"——Myaunt______agoodstudent.A.believesJohnB.suggestsJohnC.considersJohnD.knowsJohn17.Ilikesinging__shelikesdancing.A.asB.whileC.whichD.when18.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymother________.A.madeformeacakeB.madeacaketomeC.mademeacakeD.madeacakeme19.—Ihearyougotlostyesterday.—Yes,Iwenttothezooandcouldn'tfind______thehotel.A.mywaybacktoB.howIshouldgoforC.howtoreturnD.thewaybackfor20.Onemoreweek,____wewillacplishthetaskA.orB.sothatC.andD.if21.——IhadthoughtIwouldmissthebus.——_________youwouldn'thavearrivedontime.A.OtherwiseB.SoC.ButD.That22.—Whydidn'tyoubuyit"—_______,nordidthecoloragreewithme.A.BecausethepricewashighB.NotonlydiditfitmeC.ForIdislikeditsmaterialD.Neitherwasthequalitysatisfactory23.—Whydidn'tyougototheairporttoseeheroff"—Oh,__A.no,Idid.ButIwaslateB.yes,Ididn't,I'msorryforit.C.yes,Idid.ButIcouldn'tgetthereontimeD.no,I'mtoobusytosparemytime,youknow24.—Theplaceisn'ttoobad,isit"—No,_____it'sabittoocrowded.A.butB.forC.andD.as高考試精選25.Excusemeforbreakingin,_____Ihavesomeforyou.A.soB.andC.butD.yet26.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut______willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which27.Youhadoneofyourteethpulledoutyesterday,_______"A.hadyouB.hadn'tyouC.didyouD.didn'tyou28.______someofthisjuice--perhapsyou'lllikeit.A.TryingB.TryC.TotryD.Havetried29.Onemoreweek,_________wewillacplishthetask.A.orB.sothatC.andD.if30.—Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,______"—ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didn'tyouD.don'tyou31.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee_____shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway"--word.zl-

--A.andB.thenC.orD.otherwise32.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,____,infactIwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while33.Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_____"A.didn'ttheyB.don'ttheyC.mustn'ttheyD.haven'tthey34.—Idon'tlikechicken_____fish.—Idon'tlikechicken,____IlikefishA.and;andB.and;butC.or;andD.or;but35.Besuretowritetous,______"A.willyouB.aren'tyouC.canyouD.mustn'tyou36.______fromBeijingtoLondon!A.HowlongwayitisB.WhatalongwayisitC.HowlongwayisitD.Whatalongwayitis37.Don’tsmokeinthe________"A.doyouB.willyouC.canyouD.couldyou38.Bill’saimistoinformtheviewersthatcigaretteadvertisingTVisillegal,______"A.isn’titB.isitC.isn’theD.ishe39.ThereareeighttipsinDrRoger’slectureonsleep,andoneofthemis:______tobedearlyunlessyouthinkitisnecessary.A.doesn’tgoB.nottogoC.notgoingD.don’tgo40.________straightonandyou’llseeachurch.Youwon’tmissA.GoB.GoingC.IfyougoD.Whengoing并列句復(fù)合句句子種1、按句的用途可分種：1陳述句〔肯定、否認(rèn)issixyearsold./Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2疑問句〔一般、特殊、選擇、反意--theylikeskating"/Wheredidyougoyesterday"--Ishesixorsevenyearsold"/Maryswim,can’tshe/Let’sgo,shallwe3祈使句：Becareful,boys./Don’ttalkinclass4感慨句：Whatanexcitingfilmitwas!/Howclevertheboyis!2、按句的構(gòu)造可分種：〕單句：有一個(gè)語或并主〕和一謂語〔并列謂--HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.--TomandMikeareAmericanboys.--Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.2)并列：并列詞and,but,or等或號(hào)〔兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。如：--Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.--Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的?！澈暇洌河幸粋€(gè)一以上句句子詞性從〔主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句語句狀從句。并列句分類1、表示連接個(gè)同概，常用and,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,then等連接。如：Theteacher’snameisSmith,andthestudent’snameisJohn.2、表示選，常用的連詞有either…or…,otherwise等。如：--word.zl-

--Hurryup,oryou’llmissthetrain.3、表示轉(zhuǎn)折常用的連詞有still,however,yet,while,when等。如：Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因關(guān)系，常用的連詞有for,therefore等。如：Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriceharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.復(fù)合句復(fù)合句也稱主從句，即主句和從句，從句須有引導(dǎo)詞或叫連詞引出，否那么復(fù)合句不成立。由于連詞既起連接主句和從句的作用，說明主從句之間的關(guān)系在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分意義中的連詞常成為考察的焦點(diǎn)。從有三：1.名詞性句(包括語從句賓語從句、語從句同位語從句1)Whenthetrainwillarriveisunknown.2)Everybodyknowsthatmoneydoesn'tgrowontrees.3)Thisiswhatweshoulddo.4)Shetoldusherhopethatshewouldbeeapianist.2.定語從(形容詞從句)HeisthemanwhoIsawintheparkyesterday.3.狀語從(副詞性句)Heisabsenttoday,becauseheisill.Exercise判斷以句子是簡單、并列還是復(fù)合句〔〕1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.〔〕2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.〔〕3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isn’tthere"〔〕4.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandebackhomeatsevenintheevening.〔〕5.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.〔〕6.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.〔〕7.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.〔〕8.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit"〔〕9.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.〔〕10.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.高考考探討--word.zl-

--1、簡單句的五大句型是最根本的句型。雖然近幾年單純考察這種根底句型的題不多是在閱讀中有時(shí)需借助于劃分句子成分去理解，在書面表達(dá)中，沒有最根本的遣詞造句的能力是不可能用地道的英語句子來表達(dá)清楚的。2.

祈句反疑問和感慨是高考命題的熱點(diǎn)之一。有時(shí)把祈使句與反意疑問句結(jié)合于一體來考察。一個(gè)題目，幾個(gè)考點(diǎn)，是近幾年命題的開展趨勢。3考對(duì)簡單句列句和各種復(fù)合句的考察常表現(xiàn)在對(duì)連詞的選擇和使用上。如and,or,while，及其它連接名詞性從句語從句和狀語從句的連接詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞。4、各種主從復(fù)合句的考常常與動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)系在一起，以賓語從句與狀語從句最為明顯時(shí)間讓步條從中，如果主句是將來時(shí)從那用一現(xiàn)式表將，這一點(diǎn)在高考中經(jīng)?？疾霿ewilloutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.穩(wěn)固練：一、選填空：1.Givemeonemoreminute____I’llbeabletofinishit.A.andB.orC.ifD.so2.It’sthethirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,__________"A.hasn’theB.isn’theC.isn’titD.hasn’tit3.Letuspass,___________"A.shan’tweB.shallweC.won’tweD.willyou4.Isupposehe’sserious,__________"A.doIB.don’tIC.isheD.isn’the5.I’msorrytohavetosaythis,____youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight.A.andB.butC.soD.because6.Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and____.A.Henryhasn’ttooB.HenryalsohasnoteitherC.neitherHenryhasD.neitherhasHenry7.Therearemanysportsloversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,____othersenjoyswimming.A.orB.forC.whileD.so8.---Doyoufeellikegoingout____wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome"---I’dliketogoout.A.orB.andC.butD.so9.----Youruncleisn’tanengineer,ishe"----____.A.Yes,heisn’tB.No,heisn’tC.No,heisD.Heis10.____friendly____toeveryone!A.How,issheB.What,issheC.How,sheisD.What,sheis11.Marywenttobedearly,____shefeltverytired.A.orB.soC.forD.yet12.Asheisstrong,____canliftonehundredpoundsA.yetheB.butheC.heD.and13.____downtheradio----thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.TurnC.TurnedD.Toturn14.----don’tlikechicken____fish.----Idon’tlikechicken____Ilikefishverymuch.A.or,butB.and,butC.or,andD.and,and--word.zl-

--15.--Wouldyouliketoetodinnertonight"--’dliketo,____I’mtoobusy.A.andB.soC.asD.but二、用當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞空:1.Heclosed

thewindow,

turned

offthelight________

left

theroom.2.SheisAmerican________shespeaksChineseveryfluently.3.Itisfoggytoday,________wecan’tseedistanthills.4.Helikessports,________I’drathercollectstamps.5.________hecouldn’tunderstandwas________fewerandfewershowedtheirinterestinhislesson.6.IwishedwecouldgosightseeinginHangzhouthissummerand________wecouldbuysomebooksonourwaybackinShanghai.7.Sheexpressedthehope________shewouldwriteanovelsomeday.8.Thegirl________Englishisverygoodwonthefirstplaceinthe100-metrerace,________madeallofusveryhappy.9.Pleasetellusthetime________weshallhavetheChineseexam.10.________ayoungman,hewasastorekeeper________laterapostmaster.三、將下句子譯成語：1.他下決心不再浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和精力在