形容詞和副詞 【考點(diǎn)打靶+定向訓(xùn)練】高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)新題型滿分攻略

形容詞和副詞目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一、考情解讀 1二、命題分析預(yù)測(cè) 1三、考點(diǎn)必備知識(shí)通關(guān) 1四、重難點(diǎn)突破 14五、考法解題能力提升 16六、精選考點(diǎn)題型專練 18一、考情解讀1.明確形容詞和副詞的功能。2.牢固掌握形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)及其修飾語(yǔ)。3.能在不同語(yǔ)境中辨析形容詞和副詞的詞義。4.重視形容詞、副詞的詞形變化及詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。了解重要的前綴及后綴的用法。二、命題分析預(yù)測(cè)1.形容詞和副詞是高考的必考點(diǎn)。一般來(lái)說(shuō),語(yǔ)法填空設(shè)置2道題。2.高考對(duì)該考點(diǎn)的考查主要集中在形容詞和副詞的句法功能、構(gòu)詞法、比較等級(jí),其中構(gòu)詞法是考查的重點(diǎn)。3.語(yǔ)法填空考查熱點(diǎn):名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。三、考點(diǎn)必備知識(shí)通關(guān)考點(diǎn)1形容詞的基本用法知識(shí)1形容詞后綴詳見構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)2復(fù)合形容詞詳見構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)3形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般情況下,作定語(yǔ)的形容詞要放在被修飾詞之前。但在下列情況下,形容詞要后置:1.形容詞修飾由some-,any-,no-,every-等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)。?Thereisnothingnew.沒什么新鮮事。2.由a-構(gòu)成的某些表示狀態(tài)的形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)。常見的這類形容詞有alive,asleep,awake等。?Heistheonlymanaliveinthevillageaftertheearthquake.地震后他是那個(gè)村子里唯一活著的人。3.形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般后置。?Itisaproblemdifficulttosolve.這是一個(gè)難解決的問題。?Heisaboygoodatsports.他是一個(gè)擅長(zhǎng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的男孩。4.由and/or連接的兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)。?Shehasmanypencils,blueandred.她有許多鉛筆,有藍(lán)的和紅的。5."基數(shù)詞+名詞(時(shí)間、度量)+形容詞"結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ),說(shuō)明所修飾名詞的年齡、長(zhǎng)度、深度、寬度等情況時(shí)。?Itisabridgeeightmetreswide.那是一座8米寬的橋梁。拓展延伸多個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)如何排序限定詞(冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞)+數(shù)詞(基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞)+描繪性形容詞(beautiful等)+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形容詞(large,long,high等)+新舊(old等)+顏色(red等)+國(guó)籍、出處(Chinese等)+材料(wooden等)+用途(writing等)+被修飾的名詞(desk等)。巧記排序口訣:限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高,形狀年齡和新老,顏色國(guó)籍出材料,作用類別往后靠。一張紅色的法國(guó)木制小圓書桌→asmallroundredFrenchwoodendesk一個(gè)年輕貌美的中國(guó)姑娘→abeautifulyoungChinesegirl一條昂貴的紫色棉裙→anexpensivepurplecottondress深化拓展作前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)意義不同的形容詞英語(yǔ)中有些形容詞既可以作前置定語(yǔ),又可以作后置定語(yǔ),但意義不同。這類詞有present,concerned,involved等?！魀resent目前的,現(xiàn)在的;在場(chǎng)的,出席的◆concerned擔(dān)心的,憂慮的;有關(guān)的,有牽連的◆involved復(fù)雜難懂的;有關(guān)聯(lián)的知識(shí)4形容詞作表語(yǔ)1.有些形容詞通常作表語(yǔ)而不作前置定語(yǔ)。常見的有:以"a-"開頭的形容詞(如afraid,alone,alive,alike,ashamed,awake)以及content,worth,ill,sure,well等。?IamafraidIcan'tgowithyou.恐怕我不能和你一起去。?Thefilmiswellworthseeing.這部電影很值得看。?Iamnotfeelingwellnow.我現(xiàn)在感覺不舒服。2.有些形容詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),通常不用"人"作主語(yǔ)。常見的有:possible,impossible,probable,convenient,necessary等。?他有可能會(huì)參加這個(gè)會(huì)議。【正】Itispossibleforhimtoattendthemeeting.【誤】Heispossibletoattendthemeeting.知識(shí)5形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),可以表示賓語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài),也可以表示某一動(dòng)作的結(jié)果。?Pleasekeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.請(qǐng)保持教室干凈、整潔。Fromnewsarticlesandrecipestoyogaclasses,youcanfindalmosteverythingontheInternet.Manypeoplefindthiswayoflifemore__________(convenience).

【解析】句意:從新聞文章、食譜到瑜伽課,你幾乎可以在網(wǎng)上找到所有的東西。很多人覺得這種生活方式更方便。此處是"find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu),此處的賓補(bǔ)應(yīng)由形容詞充當(dāng),所以填convenient。知識(shí)6形容詞作狀語(yǔ)形容詞作狀語(yǔ)可表示時(shí)間、方式、原因、伴隨、讓步、條件等,常用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況,可位于句首、句中或句末。?Theyarrivedhome,tiredandhungry.他們回到家,又累又餓。?Fullofexcitement,thechildrenlookedforwardtogoingonapicnic.孩子們?nèi)f分興奮,盼望著去野餐?？键c(diǎn)2副詞的基本用法知識(shí)1副詞后綴詳見構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)2形容詞+-ly變副詞的規(guī)則詳見構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)3副詞的語(yǔ)法功能1.副詞作狀語(yǔ)副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或者整個(gè)句子。?Hisspeechdirectlyaffectedthestrike.他的演講直接影響了罷工。(修飾動(dòng)詞)?Heisverybrave.他非常勇敢。(修飾形容詞)?Youcanfindbooksonthatsubjectquiteeasily.你能很容易地找到關(guān)于那個(gè)主題的書。(修飾副詞)?Luckily,shewasinwhenIcalled.幸運(yùn)的是,當(dāng)我打電話的時(shí)候她在。(修飾句子)Assimpleasthenamesuggests,WalkingFootballis_____(definite)justplayingfootballatwalkingpace.

【解析】句意:顧名思義,"步行足球"當(dāng)然就是以步行的速度踢足球。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處修飾謂語(yǔ),故應(yīng)用definite的副詞形式definitely。2.副詞作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)/主補(bǔ)(1)副詞作表語(yǔ):主要說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作等。?Isn'theupyet?他還沒起床嗎??I'msorrybutheisnotin.對(duì)不起,他不在。(2)副詞作定語(yǔ):一般放在所修飾的名詞之后。?Theboystherearetalkingaboutfootball.那邊的男生們正在談?wù)撟闱颉?3)副詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ):某些表示位置或時(shí)間的副詞可以在介詞后作賓語(yǔ),這類介詞主要有from,since,until等。?Hecamefromthere.他從那里來(lái)。?Sincethen,we'velivedfarapartandneverseeneachotheragain.從那以后,我們住得很遠(yuǎn),再也沒有見過(guò)面。(4)副詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)所處的位置、狀態(tài)等。?Didyouseeanybodyin?你看到里面有人嗎?知識(shí)4副詞的位置1.程度副詞一般放在被修飾的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞前。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞,則程度副詞要放在二者之間;如果是be動(dòng)詞,程度副詞要放于其后。?Icanhardlybelievewhathesaid.我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信他說(shuō)的話。2.頻度副詞通常放在行為動(dòng)詞前。當(dāng)句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞時(shí),頻度副詞放在這類動(dòng)詞后。程度副詞和頻度副詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí),通常是程度副詞修飾頻度副詞。?Theynearlyalwaysspendtheirholidaysinthemountains.他們幾乎總在山上度假。3.方式副詞一般放在動(dòng)詞后。?Helookedangrilyather.=Helookedatherangrily.他生氣地看著她。4.時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞可放在句首或句尾。時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí),將地點(diǎn)副詞放在時(shí)間副詞前。?Shesangbeautifullyinthehalllastnight.她昨晚在大廳里唱得很動(dòng)聽。5.副詞修飾句子時(shí)一般放在句首,有時(shí)也位于句中或句尾。?Fortunately,everythingworkedoutallrightintheend.幸運(yùn)的是,最后一切順利。知識(shí)5常見的修飾或連接句子的副詞1.邏輯連接副詞表示邏輯連接關(guān)系。常見的此類副詞therefore/consequently/thus(表結(jié)果),however/otherwise/instead/though(表轉(zhuǎn)折),moreover/furthermore/besides(表遞進(jìn))等。?Therefore,wehavetocomehereagaintomorrow.因此,我們明天還得再來(lái)這兒。?Thecompositionisallright.However,thereisroomforimprovement.這篇作文還算可以,但仍有改進(jìn)的余地。?Ourteamlost.Itwasagoodgamethough.我們隊(duì)輸了,可是這也不失為一場(chǎng)好的比賽。Walkingatapaceof4mphburnsaround300caloriesperhour.______(consequent),powerwalking,inadditiontoahealthydiet,helpsmanageyourweight.

【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,空處前后句表示因果關(guān)系;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句首,修飾整個(gè)句子,作狀語(yǔ),故用所給詞的副詞形式。該空位于句首,首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Consequently。?Ourteamlost.Itwasagoodgamethough.我們隊(duì)輸了,可是這也不失為一場(chǎng)好的比賽。Walkingatapaceof4mphburnsaround300caloriesperhour.______(consequent),powerwalking,inadditiontoahealthydiet,helpsmanageyourweight.

【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,空處前后句表示因果關(guān)系;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句首,修飾整個(gè)句子,作狀語(yǔ),故用所給詞的副詞形式。該空位于句首,首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Consequently。2.評(píng)注性副詞表示推斷或說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度等。常見的此類副詞有importantly,luckily,fortunately,unfortunately,thankfully等。?Unfortunately,hefailedagain.不幸的是,他又失敗了。?Importantly,wetriedourbest.重要的是,我們盡全力了。__________(amazing),ithasbeenprovedthatifdrunkregularly,whiteteawillgreatlybenefitpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth.

【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處位于句首修飾整個(gè)句子,作狀語(yǔ),故用所給詞的副詞形式;該空位于句首,首字母應(yīng)該大寫。故填A(yù)mazingly。3.某些方式副詞表示方法、手段等。常見的此類副詞有slowly,suddenly,happily,normally等。?Normally,Iparkbehindthetheatre.通常我把車停在劇院后面。知識(shí)6副詞enough的用法1.enough作副詞置于所修飾的形容詞或副詞之后。?Studentswhoarebraveenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.足夠勇敢去參加這次冒險(xiǎn)課的學(xué)生肯定會(huì)學(xué)到很多有用的技能。?Strangelyenough,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.很奇怪,一些著名的科學(xué)家具有細(xì)心和粗心的雙重特點(diǎn)。2.cannot與enough連用,表示"再……也不為過(guò)",可用"cannot(或can+never等否定詞)…too…"結(jié)構(gòu)代替。?Youcannotbecarefulenough.=Youcannotbetoocareful.你再細(xì)心也不為過(guò)。特別提醒常用的有關(guān)形容詞/副詞的固定搭配:verymuchalike非常相像的much/soafraid…非常害怕……wellworth很值得dead/blinddrunk酩酊大醉fast/soundasleep酣睡的wideawake十分清醒,完全沒有睡意rain/snowheavily雨/雪下得很大heavytraffic/moustache擁擠的交通/濃密的小胡子考點(diǎn)3形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)知識(shí)1形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1.規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞一般直接加-er和-estfast→faster→fastestnarrow→narrower→narrowest以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞直接加-r和-stlate→later→latestwide→wider→widest以輔音字母結(jié)尾且前面只有一個(gè)元音字母的詞,雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母,再加-er和-esthot→hotter→hottestthin→thinner→thinnestred→redder→reddest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,變y為i再加-er和-esthappy→happier→happiesteasy→easier→easiest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在前面加more和mostcareful→morecareful→mostcarefulimportantly→moreimportantly→mostimportantly特別提醒1.有少數(shù)幾個(gè)雙音節(jié)以及以-er或-le結(jié)尾的詞,既可以加-er和-est,也可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。常見的這類詞有:common,clever,simple等。2.有些形容詞沒有程度可分或者形容詞本身就表示某種程度,因此沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。常見的這類詞有:favourite,wrong,true,false,excellent,empty,total等。2.不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good,wellbetterbestbadworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(僅指距離)farthest(僅指距離)further(指距離或程度)furthest(指距離或程度)oldolder(指年齡或新舊)oldest(指年齡或新舊)elder(指年紀(jì)較長(zhǎng)的)eldest(指年齡最大的)She__________(far)explainedalthoughthiswomanwasoldandbedridden(臥床不起的),shewasstillalady,andthattheolddeservedtobetreatedwithrespect.

【解析】此處表示"進(jìn)一步解釋",應(yīng)用far的比較級(jí)further。知識(shí)2同級(jí)比較1.同級(jí)比較的表達(dá)方式?HenryisaworkerasgoodasPeter(is).=HenryisasgoodaworkerasPeter(is).亨利和彼得一樣都是好工人。?Henrydoesn'thaveas/somanybooksasIhave.亨利的書沒有我的多。特別提醒a(bǔ)s+形容詞原級(jí)+as+計(jì)量名詞=計(jì)量名詞+形容詞原級(jí)。?Thebuildingisastallas100meters.=Thebuildingis100meterstall.這幢樓有100米高。2.形式為同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)中有些短語(yǔ)形式上是同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu),但常用作習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),有特定含義。常見的有:aslongas只要aswellas既……又asgoodas幾乎,簡(jiǎn)直是asfaras遠(yuǎn)至……(asfarasI'mconcerned就我而言;asfarasIknow就我所知)?IwillworkaslongasIlive.只要活著,我就要工作。?AsfarasIknow,heisareliableperson.據(jù)我所知,他是一個(gè)可靠的人。?Hehasexperienceaswellasknowledge.他既有知識(shí)又有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。知識(shí)3比較級(jí)1.比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見的有:rather(注意:fairly,quite不可修飾比較級(jí)),much,still,no,any(用于否定句或疑問句),even,far,alot,alittle,agreatdeal,abit,threetimes等。?Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.學(xué)生們甚至比以前學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。?Thebookisfarmoreinterestingthanthatone.這本書比那本書有趣多了。Ifyouareabeginner,itismuch______(safe)tojoinagroupforstormchasingvacationsduringthestormyseason.

【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示"加入一個(gè)團(tuán)體就安全得多",題干中雖然沒有than,但是暗含比較,再結(jié)合空前的副詞much可判斷出,此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)。故填safer。2.比較級(jí)的常見結(jié)構(gòu)(1)"形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+than"表示"兩者中一方比另一方更……";"less+形容詞/副詞+than"表示"不及/不如……",為否定比較。?Thiscomputerismoreexpensivethanmine.這臺(tái)電腦比我的貴。?Herunslessfastthanme.他跑得沒有我快。Duringaninterview,ProfessorHawkingwarnedthatAI(人工智能)wouldsoonreachalevelwhereitwouldbea"newformoflife"thatwouldperform______(well)thanhumans.

【解析】此處表示比人類表現(xiàn)得更出色。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及空后的than可知,空處應(yīng)填比較級(jí),well的比較級(jí)是better。故填better。(2)"no+比較級(jí)+than"表示"和……一樣不……";"not+比較級(jí)+than"表示"不及……"。?Youarenotallerthanme.你和我一樣不高。?Myhandwritingisnotbetterthanyours.我寫的字沒有你的好。(3)"比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)"和"moreandmore+多音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞原級(jí)"表示"越來(lái)越……"。?It'sgettinghotterandhotter.天氣越來(lái)越熱。?Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我們學(xué)校變得越來(lái)越漂亮了。(4)"the+比較級(jí)(…),the+比較級(jí)(…)"表示"越……越……"。?Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙就越感到高興。?Theharderyouwork,themoreyouwillget.你工作越努力,得到的就越多。Thedeeperyoudive,the______(low)thetemperaturebecomes.At13,000feet,thetemperaturestaysaroundfreezingpoint,andthere'snosunlightatall.

【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,潛入得越深,溫度就會(huì)變得越低。此處考查"the+比較級(jí)(...),the+比較級(jí)(...)"結(jié)構(gòu)。故填lower。(5)"the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"表示"兩者中較……的那個(gè)"。?Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.兩個(gè)男孩中較高的那個(gè)是我的哥哥。特別提醒有些形容詞本身含有比較的意義,其后用to而不用than。常見的有:superiorto(優(yōu)于,高于),inferiorto(次于),seniorto(年長(zhǎng)于,地位高于),juniorto(地位低于),priorto(早于,較重要于)。?Thistypeofcomputerissuperiortothattype.這種類型的計(jì)算機(jī)優(yōu)于那種類型的計(jì)算機(jī)。3.形式為比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)含義例句lessthan少于ItcostTomlessthanfivedollars.這東西花了湯姆不到5美元。notlessthan不少于,至少Heisnotlessthan80yearsold.他至少80歲了。nolessthan多達(dá),不少于Nolessthanathousandpeoplecame.來(lái)的人多達(dá)1000個(gè)。noless...than同……一樣Englishisnolessimportantthanmaths.英語(yǔ)同數(shù)學(xué)一樣重要。notless...than在……方面不亞于Englishisnotlessimportantthanmaths.英語(yǔ)的重要性不亞于數(shù)學(xué)。morethan非常,不僅僅,不止Sheismorethanselfish.她非常自私。習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)含義例句moreAthanB與其說(shuō)B,不如說(shuō)AHeismorediligentthanclever.與其說(shuō)他聰明,倒不如說(shuō)他勤奮。notmorethan不超過(guò),至多Ihavenotmorethantenbooksinmyschoolbag.我書包里的書不超過(guò)10本。nomorethan僅僅,只不過(guò)Ihavenomorethantenbooksinmyschoolbag.我的書包里僅有10本書。notmore...than不比……更Tomisn'tmorecleverthanJim.湯姆不比吉姆更聰明。nomore...than和……一樣不TomisnomorecleverthanJim.湯姆和吉姆一樣不聰明。深化拓展比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略一般來(lái)說(shuō),在上下文語(yǔ)境明了的情況下,有時(shí)可以把一些形容詞和副詞比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的重復(fù)信息省略掉,只保留關(guān)鍵信息。最常見的是省略比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞、副詞或比較對(duì)象。?—Whatdoyouthinkofthisfilm?你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣?—Ihaveneverseenabetterone(此處省略了thanthisfilm).我從來(lái)沒看過(guò)(比這部電影)更好看的電影。?Tom'scomposition,ifnotbetter(此處省略了thanJack's),isatleastasgoodasJack's.湯姆的作文,如果沒有(比杰克的)更好,也至少和杰克的一樣好。知識(shí)4最高級(jí)1.最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見的有:序數(shù)詞,byfar(通常位于the之前),nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,notquite等。?Sheisbyfarthebest.她是最優(yōu)秀的。?ThebridgeisthethirdlongestoneinChina.這座橋是中國(guó)第三長(zhǎng)橋。2.最高級(jí)意義的表達(dá)法(1)the+最高級(jí)(+名詞)+比較范圍?Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.這個(gè)蘋果是五個(gè)當(dāng)中最大的。(2)never…a(n)+形容詞比較級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)?Ihaveneverreadabetterbookthanthis.(=ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.)我從未讀過(guò)比這本更好的書。?Everymorninghearrivesearlierthananyotherstudent(=all

theotherstudents=anyoftheotherstudents)intheclass.每天早晨他都是班里到得最早的。?HeisbetteratEnglishthananythingelse.他最擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)。(4)否定詞+比較級(jí)(+than)?Noonecanbemorecarefulthanhim.沒有人能比他更細(xì)心。ShenquanGuyu,alarge-scalehealthandleisurevillageclub,isoneofthe_____(large)hotspringbasesinNorthChina.

【解析】語(yǔ)境表示"神泉古域"是華北地區(qū)最大的溫泉基地之一。根據(jù)空前的"oneofthe"和空后表示比較范圍的"inNorthChina"可知,此處要用形容詞最高級(jí)largest。特別提醒"themost…"表示"最……",句中通常要有比較范圍;"amost…"不表示比較,其中most表示程度,相當(dāng)于very。?Tomisthemostdiligentstudentinhisclass.湯姆是他班里最勤奮的學(xué)生。

?Hetoldusamostamusingstoryyesterday.他昨天給我們講了一個(gè)非常好笑的故事。知識(shí)5倍數(shù)表達(dá)法表達(dá)形式例句倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+asThistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+thanThisriverisalmostthreetimeslongerthanthatone.這條河差不多是那條河的三倍長(zhǎng)。倍數(shù)+thesize/height/weight/length/width/depth/...+ofThenewly-broadenedsquareisfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)是之前的四倍大。倍數(shù)+that+ofThesizeofthenewly-broadenedsquareisfourtimesthatofthepreviousone.新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)是之前的四倍大。倍數(shù)+what從句Theproductionnowisthreetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是十年前的三倍。四、重難點(diǎn)突破難點(diǎn)1-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞英語(yǔ)中有很多-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞,在此我們總結(jié)如下:-ing形容詞-ed形容詞amazing(令人大為驚奇的)amazed(感到驚奇的)worrying(令人擔(dān)心的)worried(感到擔(dān)心的)touching(令人感動(dòng)的)touched(受感動(dòng)的)frightening(嚇人的)frightened(受驚嚇的)exciting(令人興奮的)excited(感到興奮的)pleasing(令人高興的)pleased(感到高興的)satisfying(令人滿意的)satisfied(感到滿意的)surprising(令人吃驚的)surprised(感到吃驚的)amusing(好笑的)amused(覺得好笑的)interesting(有趣的)interested(感興趣的)boring(無(wú)聊的,令人厭煩的)bored(感到厭煩的,感到無(wú)聊的)disappointing(令人失望的)disappointed(感到失望的)puzzling(令人迷惑不解的)puzzled(感到迷惑不解的)exhausting(令人筋疲力盡的)exhausted(感到筋疲力盡的)tiring(令人疲勞的)tired(感到疲勞的)特別提醒掌握以上兩類形容詞,要注意以下兩點(diǎn):1.-ing形容詞主要用于修飾事物,表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征,常譯為"令人……的";修飾人時(shí),則表示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征。?Thestoryisveryinteresting.這個(gè)故事很有趣。(故事本身有趣)?Themanisveryinteresting.這個(gè)人很有趣。(人本身有趣)2.-ed形容詞通常用于說(shuō)明人的感受,常譯為"感到……的",強(qiáng)調(diào)人自身的情感波動(dòng);還可用來(lái)修飾air(神態(tài)),smile(微笑),feeling(感覺),appearance(外貌),cry(叫聲),face(表情),voice(聲音),mood(情緒),look(表情)等顯示某人情感狀況的名詞。?Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.他臉上露出了滿意的微笑。(某人因感到滿意而露出的微笑)

?Hetoldmethenewsinaveryexcitedvoice.他以非常激動(dòng)的聲音告訴了我這個(gè)消息。(某人因感到激動(dòng)而發(fā)出的聲音)難點(diǎn)2同根副詞加-ly和不加-ly有些副詞具有兩種形式,一種與形容詞同形,另一種是"形容詞+-ly"構(gòu)成的副詞。這兩種形式的副詞有時(shí)含義相同或略有不同,有時(shí)則意義完全不同。常見的這類易出錯(cuò)的副詞有:詞匯含義例句closeclosely靠近地Theylivequiteclose.他們住得很近。密切地,仔細(xì)地Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected.這兩件事密切相關(guān)。hardhardly努力地Heworkedhardtosucceed.他努力工作爭(zhēng)取成功。幾乎不Hehardlyevergoestobedbeforemidnight.他幾乎從不在午夜以前上床睡覺。latelately晚,遲Istayeduplatelastnight.昨晚我熬夜到很晚。最近,不久前It'sonlylatelythatshe'sbeenwellenoughtogoout.她只是最近才康復(fù),可以出去走走了。mostmostly最,極其,非常Whatdoyoufearmostinyourlife?你一生中最怕什么?通常,主要地We'remostlyoutatweekends.我們周末通常不在家。widewidely(門、眼睛等)大開地Healwaysopenedthewindowwideatnight.他晚上總是把窗戶敞開著。廣泛地Themethodiswidelyused.這個(gè)方法被廣泛運(yùn)用。deepdeeply指具體深度Theminersweretrappeddeepunderground.礦工被困在地下深處。深深地,非常,強(qiáng)烈地Don'tbenervous!Liedownandbreathedeeply.別緊張!躺下,(做)深呼吸。Helovedhisyoungerbrotherdeeply.他深愛自己的弟弟。highhighly指具體高度Henevergotveryhighinthecompany.他在公司里從未坐到很高的位置。高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地,非常,極為稱贊地Hespokehighlyofthenovel.他高度贊揚(yáng)了這部小說(shuō)。AddedtoUNESCO'sIntangibleCulturalHeritageListin2010,acupuncture(針灸)andmoxibustion(艾灸)havebeen______(wide)practicedinChinaforthousandsofyears.

【解析】句意:針灸和艾灸在中國(guó)已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用數(shù)千年,2010年,它們被列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。修飾動(dòng)詞practiced應(yīng)用副詞,再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示"廣泛地",故用副詞widely。五、考法解題能力提升考法1考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換命題透視高考對(duì)形容詞和副詞的考查主要體現(xiàn)在其詞形轉(zhuǎn)換上,而且歷年來(lái)高考試卷對(duì)此的考查特別多,具體表現(xiàn)在:名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞,形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞。方法點(diǎn)撥句法功能判斷1.首先要了解要填的詞在句中所作的成分、所起的作用。如果用來(lái)修飾名詞或在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ),應(yīng)用形容詞;如果用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,應(yīng)用副詞。2.形容詞和副詞含義豐富,用法靈活,更要注意一詞多義,做到"詞不離句,句不離文"。Theyalsosharedwithusmany______(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__________(huge)popularwithtourists.

【解析】句意:他們還跟我們分享了許多有關(guān)夏威夷的傳統(tǒng)故事,這些故事深受游客喜愛。第一空修飾名詞stories,應(yīng)用tradition的形容詞形式traditional;第二空修飾形容詞popular,應(yīng)用huge的副詞形式hugely。故填traditional;hugely。【考法總結(jié)】本題考查形容詞和副詞的構(gòu)詞法。應(yīng)先確定空處所填詞的詞性,再將所給詞轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的形容詞或副詞?？挤?考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)命題透視高考中對(duì)形容詞和副詞的考查還會(huì)體現(xiàn)在其比較等級(jí)上,其中考查比較級(jí)的情況較多,最高級(jí)的也有涉及。方法點(diǎn)撥基本結(jié)構(gòu)斷定&深層語(yǔ)境推知1.考生必須熟練掌握比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。2.高考對(duì)比較等級(jí)的考查更傾向于從"語(yǔ)句的深層含義"中體會(huì)出其比較含義,因此考生要仔細(xì)體會(huì)語(yǔ)境,判斷題干是否暗含比較,并區(qū)分是兩者之間還是三者或三者以上之間的比較。Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識(shí)別)thoseof________(great)andlessimportance.

【解析】句意:如果工作中的責(zé)任讓你焦慮不安,你應(yīng)該后退一步,識(shí)別那些更重要和次要的責(zé)任。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下文的"andlessimportance"可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)來(lái)修飾importance,故填greater。【考法總結(jié)】這道題沒有給出明顯的比較對(duì)象,但根據(jù)空后的"less"可判斷此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。六、精選考點(diǎn)題型專練1.Justbe______;youcan’tloseyourweightinaday.A.careful B.patient C.honest D.brave2.Intelligenthousefurnishings(智能家居)are________usedinpeople’shomesthesedays.A.widelyB.luckilyC.softlyD.loudly3.Hisgrandfatherdidhisbesttokeepthetree_______butitdiedintheend.A.alive B.asleep C.absent D.awake4.Althoughourplanemetwithastorm,itlanded______.A.safely B.suddenly C.secretly D.heavily5.—TomspeaksChinesequitewellnow.—Yes,hehasmade________progressinChineselearning.A.commonB.simpleC.perfectD.rapid6.—Maria,haveyouseenthatarticleabouttouch-screencomputerinMonday’spaper?—Yes.Ittellsushowtousethecomputer_____.A.slowly B.silently C.simply D.gently7.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVprogramI‘masinger?—Great!I’veneverwatcheda_______one.A.worseB.betterC.badD.good8.Tomcannotrunas_____ashisfriends,sohepracticesrunningveryhard.A.fastB.fasterC.slowD.slower9.Wearevery_____aboutthegraduationceremonynextSaturday.Wecan’twaittobethere.A.boring B.bored C.excited D.exciting10.Sally’shomeisfarfromFunTimesPark,soshe________walksthere.A.seldom B.usually C.often11.Everyonewantstowininthecontest.ButIthinkistolearnsomethingandhavefun.A.themostimportant B.important C.moreimportant12.—WhywasJimlateforworkthismorning?—He_______gotuplate.A.nearly B.gradually C.hardly D.probably13.—Frankhaschangedalot,hasn’the?—Yes.Heismuch________becauseheexerciseseveryday.A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.thestrongest14.ManytouristsvisitLongfengWetland(濕地)allyearround,______insummer.A.hardlyB.nearlyC.especiallyD.really15.Mr.Black’sspeechis________.Ithelpsushaveabetterunderstandingoflife.A.silly B.awful C.excellent16.Chan’e4landedonthefarsideoftheoononJanuary3,209.w!Thisdayshouldbereembered.A.copletely B.suddely C.successfully D.stronly17.—Ifthereare_______peopledriving,therewillbe_____airpollution.—Yes,andtheairwillbefresher.A.less;lessB.less;fewerC.fewer;fewerD.fewer;less18.“Actionsspeak______thanwords,”asthesayinggoes.loud B.louder C.loudest19.Billsays,“RobinsonCrusoeis________interestingthanTomSawyer.”A.verymore B.moremuch C.muchmore20.Icould________controlmyfeelingsatthemoment.Themovieremindsmeofmychildhood.A.reallyB.nearlyC.slowlyD.hardly21.—Wouldyouliketogotothecityandlivewithus,Granny?—Oh,dear,I’musedtothelifeinthecountry.Ithinklifehereis_______.A.morecomfortable B.lesscomfortableC.themostcomfortable D.theleastcomfortable22.SantaishanForestParkis_______beautifulthatithasbecomeahottouristattraction.A.so B.very C.such D.quite23.AblackyoungmusiciannamedShekuKanneh-Masonis______enoughtoshowthatpeopleofcolourcantakeonanychallengeofclassicalmusic.A.modestB.humorousC.confidentD.curious24.—Asweknow.it’sverydifficulttoliveinaforeigncountryliketheUK.theUSandsoon.—Iagree._____,ifyoudon’tunderstandthelocallanguageA.Especially B.Generally C.Naturally D.Exactly25.—Thankyouforyour______invitation.Seeyoutomorrow!—Seeyou!A.rapid B.magic C.kind D.brave26.Icametoschool_______thismorningbecauseitwasmyturntocleanoutclassroom.A.early B.slowly C.quietly D.suddenly27.—Ihearouhejustfinishedmaingtheflashmob(快閃)yotherlandandMe?—Thatstrue.Itisreallya_______waytoshowourloeforourcontr.A.traditional B.huorous C.wonderful D.boring28.Seeingthenewchangesinherhometown,Nanjing,Sandycould_____believehereyes.A.properly B.highly C.nearly D.hardly29.—Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis,please?—Ofcourse.Wecanbuyonethanthis,butit.A.abetter;betterthan B.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodas D.amoreimportant;notasgoodas30.—ConfuciusInstitute(孔子學(xué)院)hasbeensetupinmanyothercountries.—Yes,Chineseis_______spokeninthosecountries.IamproudofthatasaChinese.A.hardly B.widely C.never D.seldom31.Fatherwassobusywithhisworkthathehad________timetoreadthenewspaper.A.someB.littleC.muchD.abitof32.—Whyareyouworried？—Themoviewillstartin20minutes,butthebushasn’tcome.A.still B.already C.always33.Tinaisas______ashersister,Tara. A.outgoing B.moreoutgoing C.themostoutgoing34.Jennywillgetup____thanusualinordertocatchthefirstbus.A.early B.veryearly C.earlier D.earliest35.Bemore______nexttime,andyouwon’tmakethesamemistakeagain.A.careless B.careful C.nervous36.Shanghaiisoneof________intheworld.A.thebiggestcities B.biggestcities C.thebiggestcity D.biggercities37.You’dbetterleave______,ortroublewillcometoyou.A.lively B.friendly C.heavily D.quickly38.Nobodyworkedthemathproblemout.Itwas______oneofall.A.easier B.theeasiest C.moredifficult D.themostdifficult39.—What

subject

do

you

like_______

English,

math

or

physics?—Of

course,

English.A.

good B.better C.

best40.WuDajiang,a________Chineseskater,setanewworldrecordattheShortTrackWorldCuplastyear.A.25-year-old B.25yearold C.25-year-old D.25yearsold41.WangMeispeaksEnglishas_______asYangLan.TheybothstudyEnglishhard.A.good B.well C.better D.best42.Whilewatchingthefilmyesterday,Icouldn’tstoplaughingatsome_______moments.A.humorous B.challenging C.dangerous D. surprising43.Tina,closethedoor______.Yourbrotherisstudyingfortheexam.A.clearly B.easily C.widely D.quietly44.Peterstudies__________ofallthestudentsinhisclass.A.hard B.harder C.hardest45.Theartistisso_______thathecanmakedifferentchangingpictureswithsand.A.common B.careless C.creative D.helpful46.（2019北京,10）Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand______(meaning)collegeexperience.

47.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ,67）AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal______(globe)fertilizerconsumption.

48.（2018全國(guó)Ⅱ,63）Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.

49.（2019浙江,60）Whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan(easy)seethem.

50.（2018全國(guó)Ⅰ,61）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears______(long)thannon-runners.

51.（2018全國(guó)Ш,63）Hescreamsthe(loud)ofall.

52.（2018浙江11月,58）(recent),caffeinehasfounditswayintoorange,apple,andotherflavoreddrinks.

53.（2018浙江,63）Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.

54.（2017甲卷(全國(guó)Ⅱ),66）...itmusthavebeen(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.

55.（2017甲卷(全國(guó)Ⅱ),70）TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.

56.（2017乙卷(全國(guó)Ⅰ),69）However,be(care