2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破訓(xùn)練專題15-名詞性從句(含答案)

專十

名性句重點(diǎn)析名詞性從句是歷年高考的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是熱點(diǎn)。名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可作主句的主語(yǔ)、語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句（見(jiàn)下主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

作主語(yǔ)，用that,whether,what(=thething等接詞引導(dǎo)。作賓語(yǔ)，用（省略,whether（,if,what(=thething等連接詞引導(dǎo)。用（般不省略）whether,what(=thething等接詞引導(dǎo)。用（用在thought,idea,plan,suggestion,fact等詞后等連接詞引導(dǎo)。一主從主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。如：Whowillisimportant.誰(shuí)去不是重要的。1.it形式主和it引導(dǎo)調(diào)的較作式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)從句的連詞沒(méi)有變化引的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子每一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分可用連詞that被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)也可用who/whom。：isapitythatyou’tgotoseethefilm.主從)你去看電影真是遺憾。isinthemorningthattookplace.（調(diào)句）謀殺案發(fā)生的時(shí)間是在早晨。2.用it作形主的構(gòu)1

句型is+名主語(yǔ)從句

例句isafact…事實(shí)……/anhonorthat…非常榮幸…/is……是常識(shí)is+形詞主從句It+不及物動(dòng)+主從句

isnatural…很自然strange…奇的是……（句型后面常接虛擬語(yǔ)氣詞原形）that…似乎……Ithappenedthat…碰…/Itappearsthat…乎……4is/has過(guò)分詞+isreportedthat…據(jù)道……Itthat據(jù)實(shí)/Itis主語(yǔ)從句

said據(jù)……believedthat據(jù)為一人都認(rèn)為……1

2.主從不位句的種況說(shuō)明引的主語(yǔ)從句不可位于復(fù)合句句首

例句Whetherhewillcomeornotinunknown.willcomeornotunknown.誤2is…結(jié)構(gòu)中主語(yǔ)從句不issaidthatJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.正可提前

Jiangvisitourschoolnextweeksaid.誤3happens/occurs…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主從句不occurredtohimthathefailedtheexamination.)可提前

Thathefailedtheexaminationoccurredto)4matterhow/whether結(jié)構(gòu)中matterheiswrongornot.正的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前

Whetherheiswrongornot’tmatter.誤5

含主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，主語(yǔ)’tlikelythatitrainintheevening?正從句不可提前

Isthatitraintheeveninglikely?誤二賓從賓語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后說(shuō)明由that引的賓語(yǔ)從句that通?？梢允÷裕?/p>

例句Iheard(that)joinedarmy.我說(shuō)他參軍了。1

作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)由

what,whether/if,Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.她知道發(fā)生了when,where等導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)詞間接賓語(yǔ)+賓從句

什么。Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptinvitation.她訴我她將接受我的邀請(qǐng)。2

作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

Oursuccessdependson/uponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.我們的成功取決于我們互相合作得有多好。3

作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)

Iamafraid(that)mistake.

恐怕我犯了個(gè)錯(cuò)。4It可作為形式賓語(yǔ)否定前移（若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine

Wehearditthatwouldgetmarriednextmonth.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)她下個(gè)月打算結(jié)婚。5

等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式

Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。注：引的從句常跟在某些形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)，如anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,gald,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content等也可將此類詞后的從句看作是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。三表從表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+連動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem等引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從的引導(dǎo)詞that一般不略。另外用的含有表語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)reasonisbecausereasonheisforschoolthathemissedtheearly他學(xué)遲到的原因是他錯(cuò)過(guò)了早班車。四同語(yǔ)句同位語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。說(shuō)明對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋

例句Thedecisionthatprisonerbesetsurprisedthepeople.國(guó)王做出釋放那個(gè)罪犯的決1

同位語(yǔ)的功能

定讓所有人都很吃驚。(一由that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句在句

說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說(shuō)

Theorderthatthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.所的士兵都應(yīng)保持不動(dòng)這個(gè)命令是將軍下的。Hegotthenewsfromthatthesportsmeeting2

子中的位置

明的名詞后面別詞隔putoff.他瑪那里得到消息——運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)被推開(kāi)遲了。五whether,if引名性句區(qū)說(shuō)明

例句1

句首引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句只能用whether

Whetherwegocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.我們明天是否去野營(yíng)取決于天氣。不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句不引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句

Whatdoctorreallydoubtmotherwillrecovertheseriousdiseasesoon.醫(yī)真正懷疑的是我的母親是會(huì)很快從重病中恢復(fù)。Everythingdependsonwhetherwecanmakeplanthattheywillagreeto.一切取決于我們能否做出一個(gè)他們會(huì)意的計(jì)劃。4

賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句只能用IPeterif’tdecidedwhathesayatthemeeting.我問(wèn)皮特他是不是還沒(méi)決定會(huì)議上他講的內(nèi)容。5discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從只能用whether引

Wediscussedthemedicinewillcausesideeffects.論了這個(gè)藥是否會(huì)引起副作用。

我們討注：doubt作“懷疑”解，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，如主句是肯定的，賓語(yǔ)從句whether或引，如主句是否定，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用引導(dǎo)。如：Idoubtwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.我疑他是否勝任這份工作。I’tdoubtthathecandoitvery他把它做，我不懷疑?？季氁粏翁钸m當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空，補(bǔ)全下列句子。I’tdecidedictionaryIwouldbuy.Thatherefusedinvitation.Iamveryinterestedhehashispronunciationinsuchashorttime.ismoretime.Thefactshehadnotsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedeverybody.andtheymeetnotdecidedyet.Pleasemeyouarewaitingfor.Isthatyouarelookingfor?WouldyoupleasetellthenearestofficeIdon’tknowhewillagreetotheplannot.donecann’tbeundone.Takecareyoumakemistakestheexam.Tohissurprise,theumbrellawasnothehad’tbetterhave.heiswillingtocomeimportant.theyinterestedistheyproducemoreandbettercars.doesnmatterIrestnot.Ihavewillbeyourssoonerlater.Iitisyouareeatingtoomuch.CanmakesureAliceputthegoldnecklace?—hecame?—Ido.Hecamebytrain.Motheraskedmewaswrongwithme.theywongameusexcited.hesayshisreportveryinterestingquestion.Thatishefailedtoarriveontime.二語(yǔ)填據(jù)短文意思用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。Idon’tknow1youhavenoticed2somestudents’twanttowalktoschool.canbeseeneveryday3theirparentsdrivethemschool.Butnowadays,itshouldbroughttoournotice4theairisseriouslypolluted.5candoaboutIasuggestion6shouldrideonourbiketoschool!candowillnotonlyhavesignificantbenefitsforourhealth,alsohelpourenvironment.wewillabetterenvironmentdependsondoforourselvesandfornature.三語(yǔ)填讀下面短文在白處填入一個(gè)適的單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Keepingcomplainingcanbeahurtininterpersonalrelationships.So,1(improve)relationshipwithothers,youneedtobeawareofseveralsensiblewaystocomplain.beginwith,youneedtobespecific.Donsay,“Boy,didyouactlikefoolattheparty?Instead,say,“Youembarrassedmebygettingdrunkandtelling3(offend)jokestomyparents.”Secondly,sticktothepresent.Don’tmentionoldoffences4arefromlastmonthoryear.5doingthis,youtakeawayattentionfromtheathand.6youcomplain,neverinsults.Ifstartcallingtheotherpersonnames,thatonly(create)angerandhurtanychanceofgettingthepersontoreallylistento8.Alastpointtoistocomplainprivately.Nevercriticizetheotherpersoninfrontoffriends,parents,children,oranyoneelseforthatmatter.Criticizinginfrontofathirdpartythesameeffectinsults.Thisshames9(criticize)andverylikelythatthepersonwillwanttoattackyouorallyratherlistentoyou.助詞sensible明的offence冒犯privately私下地orally口頭上

specificadj.具體的insult侮shame使臉interpersonalrelationship人關(guān)系參答考點(diǎn)練透一、單句填空2.4.Whatthat6.what9.where10.whether11.What12.that13.14.