Unit 4 Language points 課件- 高一下學(xué)期英語人教新課標(biāo)必修三

Book3Unit4

Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsLanguagePoints

賓語從句從句：asithappenedsolongago

as“因為”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.(Line1)句子主干：Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan

主語從句2.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.（L6)它變成什么沒人確定，直到45-48億年前，這團(tuán)塵埃才慢慢形成一個固態(tài)的球體。句子主干：Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe定語從句,由when引導(dǎo)作時間狀語，是定語從句的先行詞:what在主語從句中作become的表語

3.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(L8)地球變得如此激烈動蕩，以至于不知道這個固體形狀是否會繼續(xù)存在下去。

句型：so+adj./adv.+that...“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句

主語從句itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornotlastadj.thelastbusn.thelasttoleave,elastvi.

持續(xù)lasted-lastedThebadweatherlastedforfourdays.與time有關(guān)的短語:(1)

time及時；終于；遲早(2)

notime立即，立刻(3)

atime依次；逐一；每次,一次(4)

notime在任何時候都不；決不(置于句首時，主句使用部分倒裝)(5)

onetime曾經(jīng)，一度(6)

times有時，偶爾(7)

time按時，準(zhǔn)時(8)onceuponatime從前(9)takeyourtime不著急，慢慢來ininatatataton4.Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.（Para2L10)

它們最終產(chǎn)生了二氧化碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。(1)Doyouwanttogetup__________tohavebreakfastwithyourfamily？你想及時起床和家人一起吃早飯嗎？(2017·全國Ⅲ)(2)Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill________.

經(jīng)理希望看到公司的變化，我相信他遲早會的。(3)Herushedoutofthekitchen

notimewhenheheardtheshout.他聽到喊聲立刻從廚房里沖了出去。(4)Everyonemaymakemistakes

.每個人都會偶爾犯錯誤。inattimesintime5.isWhatisevenmoreimportantthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.主語從句表語從句Whatmanyscientistsbelieveis

thatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.

(Para3L21)Hecouldn'tunderstandthathehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.→Whathecouldn'tunderstandisthathehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.表從中的時間狀語從句

Itisnowonderthathehaspassedtheexam.6.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.(Line18)真正的主語從句

Itiswell-knownthatwaterisfundamentaltosurvival.be+adj.to...短語：befundamentalto...,beharmfulto...,besimilarto,beimportantto...

7.Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.這就產(chǎn)生了一種連鎖反應(yīng)，使得生命的發(fā)展成為可能。(L25)(1)句中madeitpossibleforlifetodevelop屬于“make＋it＋形容詞/名詞(賓補)＋todo/that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。

it是形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式或that從句。

think,feel,consider,find,believe...(2)make＋賓語＋賓補(do/done/adj.)注意：當(dāng)“make＋賓語＋dosth.”變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式符號to要加上。(1)Imustmake_____clearthatIwillsupportyouforever.(2)Thepolicemadetheyoungboy

againstthewall.(3)Themanspokeloudlytomakehimself

(hear).(4)Theboywasmade

(work)forovertenhoursaday.standheardtoworkit

existvi.存在；生存existencen.存在；生存(1)existon=liveon

靠……生活/生存(2)Thereexist(s)/existed...某地有……；存在……(4)comeintoexistence/being(＝begintoexist)產(chǎn)生；成立8.Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.(Para4L40)它們也下蛋，并且在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。

9.Laterwhentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.(L38)(1)forthefirsttime在句中作時間狀語;thefirsttime名詞短語，用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句Isawthefilmforthefirsttime.IlovedthispicturethefirsttimeIsawit.

句型：It/This/Thatisthefirst..timethatsb.have/hasdone...It/This/Thatwasthefirst..timethatsb.haddone...①ThisisthefirsttimethatI___________(see)apanda.②ThiswasthefirsttimethatI____________(consult)withmylawyer.haveseenhadconsulted10.stillremainsamystery.(Line41)remain在這里是系動詞，意思是“保持；仍然是”，后面可接形容詞、過去分詞、名詞、介詞短語等作表語。Sheremainedsilentallnight.Theworkremainedunfinished.Thelabourshortageremainsaproblem.Peoplethereremaininpoverty.主語從句Whytheysuddenlydisappeared

11.Thustheyhave，intheirturn，becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.(Para5)于是他們接著成為了這個行星上最重要的動物。與turn有關(guān)的短語(1)

one’sturn接著；輪到某人(2)

turn依次，輪流；反過來(3)

turns輪流；交替地(4)

turnstodosth.輪流做某事(5)It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事ininbytake12.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearth.(L48)prevent/stop/…(from)doing…keepfromdoingprevent/stop/keep…frombeingdone…

①Thegovernmenthastoclosethosefactoriestopreventthewateroftheriverfrom_______________(pollute).②Carbondioxide,whichmakesabarrierbetweenusandthesun,preventsheat________(get)outoftheatmosphereeasily,sotheearthisbecomingwarmer.beingpollutedgetting13.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocome

willdependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.

(L50)所以，在未來的數(shù)百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)下去將取決于這個問題能否得到解決。主語從句賓語從句謂語動詞注意：主語從句的“是否”和介詞后的賓語從句的“是否”都不能由if引導(dǎo)，只能由whether來引導(dǎo)。Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzles

thatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.(Page27)地球上的生命是如何開始的是科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)難以解決的最大的謎之一。14puzzlen.謎；難題；vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)為難(2)puzzlingadj.令人費解的(3)puzzledadj.迷惑不解的；困惑的

bepuzzledabout...(1)Whathesaidatthemeetingmademostofus_________.(2)Toexplainthe

(puzzle)findings,heofferstwotheories.(3)Shelistenedwitha

(puzzle)expressiononherface.puzzlingpuzzledpuzzledUsinglanguage1.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：（兩倍用twice/twotimes）1.A+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+asB2.A+倍數(shù)+形容詞（副詞）比較級+thanB3.A+倍數(shù)+thesize/length/width...ofBTheriverisfourtimesaslongastheoneinourcity.=Theriveisthreetimeslongerthantheoneinourcity.=Theriveisfourtimesthelengthoftheonein