2020-2021學(xué)年新外研版選擇性必修2UNIT3TIMESCHANGEPERIOD3USINGLANGUAGE語法精析課作業(yè)

課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)十一Unit3Period3Ⅰ.閱讀理解BuiltduringtheHellenisicperiod(希臘文化時(shí)代),sometimebetween324and246BCE,theGreatLibraryofAlexandriaissaidtobeanarchitecturalwonderofancientEgypt.Moreimportantly,thelibraryhousedavastcollectionofworksfromallacrosstheancientworldandwasamajorcenterofscholarship.Thelibrarywaschargedwithanimportanttaskofcollectingalloftheworld’sbooks,andemployedmanymethodstoacquirenewworks.Awell-fundedacquisitionsdepartmentsearchedthebookfairsofRhodesandAthens,buyingindividualtextsorevenwholelibraries.ShipsthatlandedattheharborofInaddition,theworkersandscholarsoftheGreatLibrarytranslatedtextsfromaroundtheworldintoGreek.SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblicaltextsintoGreekmayhavetakenplaceatthelibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.Muchworkwasdonetoeditauthoritativeversions(權(quán)威版)oftheHomericmyths(荷馬時(shí)代的神話)forwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.Itisironic(諷刺的)thatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutiondevotedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—iscoveredinmythandmystery.Manysourcessaythelibraryburneddown,butthedateisuncertain.Itmayhaveburneddownmorethanonce,eitherbyaccident,ordesign.Smallersisterinstitutionsmayhavesurvivedtheoriginallibrary,onlytobedestroyedlater.TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherebetween300and1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipoftheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingeffectonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadagreatinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了亞歷山大大圖書館。它不僅是古埃及的建筑奇跡,同時(shí)也承擔(dān)了收集世界各地圖書的重?fù)?dān)。但是人們卻無從知道這個(gè)圖書館是如何消失的;不管其結(jié)局如何,它對(duì)歷史甚至現(xiàn)在的文化都產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。1.WhatcanbeinferredfromthetextabouttheGreatLibraryofAlexandria?A.ItwasmainlyfinancedbyPtolemyI.B.Someworksofitsurvivetothepresentday.C.MostGreekmythswereoriginallycreatedatit.D.Itaimedtobecometheworld’sknowledgecenter.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。從第一段中的Moreimportantly,thelibraryhousedavastcollectionofworks...andemployedmanymethodstoacquirenewworks.可知,亞歷山大大圖書館的目標(biāo)是變成世界上的知識(shí)中心。2.HowdoestheauthorexplainthetranslationandeditingworkoftheGreatLibrary?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bydescribingthedifference.D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。作者在第二段中提到了SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblicaltextsintoGreekmayhavetakenplaceatthelibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.MuchworkwasdonetoeditauthoritativeversionsoftheHomericmythsforwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.等具體事例來說明,大圖書館的圖書的翻譯和編輯工作是如何進(jìn)行的。3.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheGreatLibrary?A.Itwastedtoomuchmoney.B.Itinspiredmodernlibraries.C.Itwasinfluentialandvaluable.D.Itwastoomysterioustobetrue.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。從文章最后一段中的Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipoftheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingeffectonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadagreatinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.可推知,作者在充分肯定亞歷山大大圖書館產(chǎn)生的深遠(yuǎn)影響及文化價(jià)值。4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheGreatLibrary’sbriefhistory.B.TheGreatLibrary’sdisappearance.C.Theeffectoftwoancientcivilizations.D.Theroleoflibrariesthroughouthistory.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。文章以三個(gè)段落的內(nèi)容介紹了亞歷山大大圖書館從建立之初的圖書收集工作、圖書館的編輯和翻譯工作、圖書館神秘的消失以及它的歷史影響。因此,該篇主要內(nèi)容是簡(jiǎn)單介紹這個(gè)圖書館的歷史。Ⅱ.完形填空TheAdamsfamilyhomehasbeentakenoverbyorigami(折紙)inallsizesandshapes.Nooneseemsto1though.Thosepapercreationsare2cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives.Amessyhomeisasmallpricetopay3.

In2011,IsabelleAdamsandhersisterKatherinelearnedthateveryfivesecondsachilddiedfrom4ofcleanwaterandthatgirlsoftheiragecouldn’tgotoschool5theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies.They6todosomething.

“Sowetooksomethingthatweloveddoing—foldingorigami,withthe7goaltohelpfundawellinEthiopia,”explainsKatherine.8,theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmorethanthattofully9thecostofthewell.

Katherine,now13,adds,“Itjustsnowballed,10thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater.”Ineightyears,thisprojecthas11morethan2millionforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries.

Now,therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso12.Butattheheartofit,beneathcountlesspaperdecorationssittwoboldsistershopingto13othergirlsandboys.“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworldifthey’rejustgiventhechance,”Isabellesays,“andifpeople15themintheirefforts.”

【語篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。當(dāng)IsabelleAdams和她的妹妹Katherine得知世界上每五秒鐘就有一名兒童因缺乏清潔水死亡及同齡女孩因整天為家人取水而無法上學(xué)后,她們決定通過折紙的方式來為挖水井募集資金。在她們的帶動(dòng)下,其他家庭成員也加入了這一行動(dòng)。Isabelle說,只要給孩子們機(jī)會(huì)和支持,他們也能影響世界。1.A.mindB.noticeC.appreciate D.remember【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。mind介意;notice注意到;appreciate感激;remember記住。由下文Adams一家?guī)椭彼畠和@件事可知他們對(duì)家里到處充斥著折紙這件事并不介意。2.A.decorating B.rewardingC.attracting D.funding【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。decorating裝飾;rewarding獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);attracting吸引;funding資助。由下文中的cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives可知這些紙制品將用于資助世界各地的清潔水項(xiàng)目,拯救生命。3.A.inexchange B.inturnC.inreturn D.inresponse【解析】選A。考查介詞短語辨析。inexchange作為交換;inturn反過來;inreturn作為報(bào)答;inresponse作為回答。因?yàn)檎奂埗鑱y的家換來的是這些折紙將要資助的世界各地的清潔水項(xiàng)目,拯救的是生命。4.A.pollutionB.lossC.lackD.waste【解析】選C。考查名詞辨析。pollution污染;loss損失;lack缺少;waste浪費(fèi)。從下文的theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies女孩整天為家人取水,可知是缺乏可用的清潔水。5.A.although B.because C.unless D.while【解析】選B?？疾檫B接詞辨析。句意:2011年,IsabelleAdams和她的妹妹Katherine得知,每五秒鐘就有一名兒童死于缺乏清潔水,同齡的女孩無法上學(xué),因?yàn)樗齻冋鞛榧胰巳∷?。although盡管;because因?yàn)?unless除非;while當(dāng)……時(shí)候。本句為原因狀語從句,用because。6.A.hesitated B.decidedC.happened D.demanded【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。hesitated猶豫;decided決定;happened發(fā)生;demanded要求。從下文可知,當(dāng)她們了解了缺水兒童的情況后,決定要做點(diǎn)事情來幫助他們。7.A.lifelong B.individual C.original D.solid【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。lifelong終身的;individual個(gè)人的;original最初的,原來的;solid堅(jiān)固的。從上文可知,姐妹二人了解到缺水兒童的情況后,她們最初的目標(biāo)就是為他們資助一口水井。8.A.Obviously B.UnexpectedlyC.Suddenly D.Gradually【解析】選B?？疾楦痹~辨析。obviously明顯地;unexpectedly意外地;suddenly突然;gradually逐漸地。從下文的theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmore可知,出乎意料的是,她們最終賣完了折紙,籌集到的錢遠(yuǎn)超她們的預(yù)期。9.A.spend B.fill C.offer D.cover【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。spend花費(fèi);fill裝滿;offer提供;cover足以支付費(fèi)用。根據(jù)上文可知,她們籌集到的資金足以完全支付水井的花費(fèi)。10.A.tryingout B.dependingonC.contributingto D.appealingto【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。tryingout嘗試;dependingon取決于;contributingto有助于;appealingto使感興趣。從下文可知,Katherine和Isabelle為PaperforWater項(xiàng)目的建立做出了貢獻(xiàn)。11.A.saved B.borrowed C.earned D.collected【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。saved拯救;borrowed借來;earned掙得;collected籌集。由下文可知,在8年的時(shí)間里,這個(gè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)為20個(gè)不同國(guó)家的200多個(gè)水利項(xiàng)目籌集了200多萬美元。12.A.involved B.praisedC.recognized D.employed【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。involved參與,涉及;praised稱贊;recognized辨認(rèn);employed雇傭。結(jié)合上文可知,Adams家族的其他成員也參與進(jìn)來。13.A.satisfy B.inspire C.inform D.comfort【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。satisfy滿足;inspire激勵(lì),鼓舞;inform通知;comfort安慰。由下文可知,兩姐妹希望用自己的行動(dòng)來激勵(lì)其他人。14.A.judgmentB.senseC.difference D.connection【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。句意:Isabelle說:“孩子們有一種不可思議的能力,只要他們有機(jī)會(huì),只要人們支持他們的努力,他們就能真正影響世界?！眏udgment判斷;sense感覺;difference差異;connection連接。此處考查短語makeadifference“有影響,有關(guān)系”。15.A.support B.persuade C.welcome D.award【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。support支持;persuade說服;welcome歡迎;award獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。由上文ifthey’rejustgiventhechance可知,只要孩子們有機(jī)會(huì)和有人支持,他們就能影響世界。Ⅲ.語法填空Nowadays,timetravelisjustabouteverywhereyoulook,1.__________filmstoTVshowsandevenliterature.Oursocietyhasbecomeobsessedwiththeideaoftravelingthroughtime.

However,thatwasn’ttruejust150yearsago.ThegatewasopenedbyH.G.Wells’novel,TheTimeMachine,which2.__________(publish)in1895.Inthisbook,Wellsdescribesamanwhobuildsamachinethatenableshim3.__________(move)throughoutthecourseofhistoryandintothefuture.Thestoryisimportantbecauseitviewstimeassomething4.__________(flow).

Beforethisbookcameout,timewas5.__________(basic)viewedasaone-waystreet.Youcouldonlygoforward,andonlyatonespeed.Inthisway,Wells’6.__________(create)accounttransformedthewaypeopleviewedtimeandtimetravel.

Itwassosuccessfullargelybecauseitcameoutattheendof19thcenturywhentremendouschangewasintheair.Asthe7.__________(twenty)centurydawned,peoplewerebecomingincrediblyexcitedforthefuture.Itwasaperiodofhugetechnologicalaswellasscientific8.__________(grow)and,forthefirsttimeever,peoplewerelivinginawaythatwasdramaticallydifferentfrom9.__________generationbeforethem.

Inotherwords,itwasthefirsttimethatthepast,futureandpresentwouldbeentirelydifferent.Thissimplehistoricalmomentis10.__________madetimetravelsofascinating.

【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了時(shí)光旅行的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1.【解析】from?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示從電影到電視節(jié)目甚至文學(xué)作品,應(yīng)用“from...to...”搭配,所以填介詞from。2.【解析】waspublished。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處主語which指代TheTimeMachine,為第三人稱單數(shù),與publish是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且由句中的時(shí)間狀語“in1895”可知,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故填waspublished。3.【解析】tomove?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。enablesb.todosth.意為“能讓某人做某事”,是固定用法,所以填動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。4.【解析】flowing。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作something的定語,且flow和something構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。5.【解析】basically?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞一般用副詞,故填副詞basically修飾動(dòng)詞viewed,在句子中作狀語。6.【解析】creative?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的Wells’和空后的名詞account“敘述”可知,空處應(yīng)用形容詞creative,在句子中作定語。7.【解析】twentieth?？疾樾驍?shù)詞。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的century可知,此處指“20世紀(jì)”,應(yīng)填序數(shù)詞。8.【解析】growth?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞可修飾名詞,作定語,且根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示科技發(fā)展,所以空處應(yīng)填名詞形式growth。9.【解析】the。考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示上一代人,表示特指,所以填定冠詞the。10.【解析】what?？疾檫B接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是一個(gè)表語從句,且空處在從句中作主語,表示“……的事物”,故應(yīng)填what。閱讀理解Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustration(插圖)andthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness.Twomenchangedthat—JosephPulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkJournal.PulitzerboughtIn1895,HearstcametoNewYorkfromCalifornia.HewantedtheJournaltobemoreexcitingthantheWorld.Healsowantedittobecheaper,soheloweredthepricetoapenny.Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisnewspaperheadingswerebiggerthananyoneelse’s.Heoftensays,“Bigprintmakesbignews.”PulitzerandHearstdidanythingtheycouldtosellnewspapers.Forexample,HearstsentFredericRemington,thefamousillustrator,todrawpicturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegotthere,hetoldHearstthatnofightingwasgoingon,Hearstanswered,“Youprovidethepictures.I’llprovidethewar.”【語篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了JosephPulitzer和WilliamRandolphHearst給報(bào)紙行業(yè)從內(nèi)容到形式上所帶來的巨大變化。1.WhatkindofnewsdidAmericannewspaperscarry130yearsago?A.Onlyseriousmatters.B.Allkindsofexcitingnews.C.Crimesandmadpeople.D.Thetreatmentofpatientsinhospital.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中的“Uptillabout130yearsago,newspapersintheUnitedStatesattractedonlythemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationandthearticleswereaboutpoliticsorbusiness.”可知,130年前,美國(guó)報(bào)紙上刊登的新聞只有嚴(yán)肅的內(nèi)容。2.Whatcanweknowaboutthewomanreporterinthesecondparagraph?A.ShehelpedJosephPulitzerbuytheNewYorkB.Shewasforcedtobemadandwassenttoahospital.C.Shelearnedalotaboutthereallife