新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNIT6Nurturingnature單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEPAGE21UNIT6Nurturingnature單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain'shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,the400thanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJetfromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.TheBarajasairportis13kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosStationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock:5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1.WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A.On23March. B.On11May.C.On24June. D.On5October.2.WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.C.AirEuropa. D.BritishAirways.3.WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromtheBarajasairport?A.Takeataxi.B.Takeacitybus.C.TakeMetroline8.D.Taketheairportexpressbus.BWhenLiberiawasmyhome,theycalleditsweet.SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar.WhenIwasfive,myfather,twosistersandIfledfromMonrovia,thecapitalcityofLiberia,andheadednorthonfootamongthepanickymasses—ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子彈).Everydawn,mysistersandIjoinedmyfatherandcoveredthepagesofhissmalljournalwithwords.Myfavoritewordtowritewas“sweet”,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.Eventually,wewereconsideredtheluckyones:partofthewaveofrefugeeswholeftLiberiain1990tosettleinAmerica.MymotherstudiedatColumbiaUniversityatthetime,andwemadeournewhomeinherdormitorywhileawaitinghergraduation.MyfatherwholeftearlyinthemorningslookedforworkornewsofapossiblereturntoLiberia,onlytoreturnhomewithnothingtogiveusbutnewwordstowriteinnotebooks.HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.In2011,Ifoundedachildren'sbookpublishingcompany.Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(讀寫能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.MyhopeistogivechildrenthepeaceIwasgiventhroughthewordsofmyfather,byallowingthemtoseethemselvesinliterature.IalsothinkitisimportanttoprovidebooksaboutforeigncountriesforchildreninAmerica,toincreasetheoverallawarenessoftheworldoutsidethem.Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.4.Whatwastheauthor'sfamilylifelikeinLiberia?A.Frighteningbutpositive.B.Sweetandpeaceful.C.Comfortablebutboring.D.Adventurousandexciting.5.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sfatherfromParagraph2?A.Hewascrazyaboutreading.B.HeregrettedmovingtoAmerica.C.Heworkedhardtoraisehisfamily.D.Hetriedtoreceiveahighereducation.6.Whydidtheauthorfoundthepublishingcompany?A.Tomeetpoorchildren'sgrowingdemands.B.Toprovidemulticulturalbooksforchildren.C.Tosupportherfather'sbooksaboutLiberia.D.TohelpimmigrantsunderstandAmericanculture.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Herpityforherfather'ssuffering.B.Herthanksforherfather'sdevotion.C.Herprideinworkingforherpeople.D.HerdisappointmentatthelifeinLiberia.CTheworld'slargesticeberg,namedA68a,brokeawayfromAntarctica'sLarsenCIceShelfinJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated(漂浮)towardtheislandofSouthGeorgiainthesouthernAtlanticOcean.Satellitepicturesshowtheiceberghasremainedinonepiece.Itisabout150kilometerslongand48kilometerswide.ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.Rightnowisthetimeofyearwhensealsandpenguinsspendalotoftimecaringfortheiryoung.Thismeansthedistancethatparentshavetotraveltofindfoodisimportant.Scientistsfearthatiftheiceberghitstheisland,itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.Theyhavetogoaroundtheiceberg,oractuallygofurthertofindfood.Andthattimeisquiteimportantinthisparticularperiodoftheirlifecycle.Ecologistssayanicebergcrash(碰撞)wouldalsodisturbmaterialssettledontheseabed,possiblypollutingthesurroundingseas.Astheicebergmelts(融化),itwouldalsosendlargeamountsoffreshwaterintotheocean.Thiscouldaffectkrillpopulationsthatareamajorsourceoffoodfortheisland'swildlife.Besides,theicebergcouldremainfor10yearsandchangethearea'swholeecosystem.Ifsomerarespeciesfailinthisarea,theirnumbersgloballyaregoingtogodownquitesharply.Thebreaking-offoficebergsfromAntarcticaisanaturalprocess.Buttheprocessischangingwithclimatechange.Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheicebergA68a?A.Itwashitbyanothericebergandbrokeintopieces.B.Ithasbeenfloatingontheseaforlessthan2years.C.Itisnowmorethan500kmawayfromSouthGeorgia.D.Itcameintobeingbecauseofadropinwatertemperature.9.HowwilltheicebergprobablyinfluencethepenguinsandsealsinSouthGeorgia?A.Bybringingotherwildlifethere.B.Byslowingdowntheirlifecycle.C.Bycuttingofftheirwaystoeatingareas.D.Bymakingtheweathercompletelydifferent.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thetimeperiodanicebergcouldremain.B.Thepossibleinfluenceofanicebergcrash.C.Thepossiblereasonforthefailureofrarespecies.D.Thefreshwateranicebergcouldproduce.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Floatingicebergswillbemorecommon.B.Theicebergwillsoonbreakupandmelt.C.Icebergshavenothingtodowithclimate.D.Officialshaveplannedtodirecttheiceberg.DAspeoplegetolder,thetypesandnumbersoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavelargegroupsoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positiveindividuals.Researcherslongbelievedthatthisagingattractiontowardmeaningfulrelationshipswasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies.Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpsbetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpsbecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimps.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeesshareasimilarpatternofsocialagingwithhumans.Rosatisays,“Theypreferstrong,mutualsocialbondsandinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.”Theolderchimpanzeespreferredspendingmoretimewithchimpsthattheyhadbecomefriendswithovertheyears.Theywouldsitclosetotheselong-timecompanionsandgroom(梳毛)eachother.Bycontrast,youngerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn'treturned.Oldermalechimpswerealsomorelikelytospendmoretimealone.Theresearcherssaidthattheyshowedashiftfromnegativeinteractionstomorepositiveones,preferringtospendtheirlateryearsinnon-confrontational(非對(duì)抗性的),positiverelationships.Researcherscallthepreferencea“positivitybias”.Researcherstheorizethatchimps,likehumans,areabletochangetheirsocialfocusastheyage.“Weproposethatthisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestoregulateouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”12.Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutchimps?A.Malechimpsshowmoreinteractionsthanfem-ales.B.Oldchimpsdon'tcareaboutfriendsasmuchasyoungones.C.Chimpsconcentratemoreonmeaningfulrelat-ionswithage.D.Chimpsshareagingproblemssimilartohumanbeings.13.HowdidRosatiandhercolleaguesconducttheirresearch?A.Bystudyingthedataprovidedbyotherresearchers.B.Bymakingscientificinvestigationsandobservations.C.Bysettingupmodelsonthecomputerinthelab.D.Bymonitoringboththehumans'andchimps'behavior.14.Whatdoresearchersthinkcausesthisagingattractiontomeaningfulrelationships?A.Inabilitytoregulateemotions.B.Eagernesstobuildcloserrelationships.C.Lossofcompetitivenessinstrength.D.Failuretoadapttothechangeablesurroundings.15.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Ashortstorycollection.B.Apopularsciencemagazine.C.Agraduateresearchpaper.D.Abiologytextbook.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Goinggreenisagreatwaytoreduceyourenvironmentalfootprintandhelptheplanet.Beinggreenisallaboutreducinghowmanyresourcesyouuse,reusingitemswhenyoucan,andrecyclingitemsthatcan'tbereused.16.

●Carryareusablewaterbottlesoyouwillnotneedbottledwater.17.Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalsousesmoreresourcesbecauseit'sshippedtothestore.Tobemoreeco-friendly,makeitahabittocarryareusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwaterontheway.Plasticbottlesareusuallythelightestandmostconvenient.

●Usereusablebagswhileyou'reshopping.Shoppingbagsmakeiteasytocarryyouritemshome,buttheyalsopollutetheplanet.Skipthestore'sshoppingbagsandbringyourowninstead.Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.18.

●19.

Beforeyouthrowsomethingaway,lookforwaysyoumightreuseit.Tryrepurposingitemsormakinggreenhandicrafts.Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.Forexample,insteadofthrowingawayajar,youmightuseitasaglass,vaseorstoragecontainer.●Reducetheamountoftimeyouspendusingelectronics.Whileelectronicsarereallyfunandhelpyoufeelconnectedtoyourfriends,theyalsouseupalotofenergy.Schedulebreaksfromyourelectronicssoyoucanusethemless.Duringyourbreaks,dosomethingfunlikegoingforawalk,playingagamewithyourfriends,orpursuingahobby.20.Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.

A.GlassbottleshavecomealongwayinrecentyearsB.ReuseitemstosavethemfromthelandfillC.YoucanuseyourreusablebagsatmoststoresD.BottledwaterisreallybadfortheenvironmentE.YouprobablyneedtochangeyourpersonalhabitsF.InviteyourfriendtoconnectwithyouinreallifeG.Youcanfindideasforgreencraftsbysearchingonline9.20.

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit.WhenIwas13,myparentstookmethereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoElCapitan,a21rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew22Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince—23therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I'velongmadeYosemitemyhome.

About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof24,liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.Itwasbeyondmewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplacelessandtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.

Itried25trash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater.Finally,Igotso26itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.

Asarockclimbingguide,Iknew27aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora28.Onthatday,morethan300people29.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto30.Icouldn'tbelievethe31wemade—theparklookedclean!

Eachyearvolunteerscomefortheclean-upfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand32132milesofroadway.

Ioftenhearpeople33abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby34themratherthanbycomplaining.Weneedtoleadby35.Youcan'tblameothersunlessyoustartwithyourself.

21.A.distant B.looseC.narrow D.huge22.A.immediately B.finallyC.gradually D.recently23.A.imagining B.paintingC.describing D.climbing24.A.materials B.resourcesC.wastes D.goods25.A.throwingaway B.pickingupC.breakingdown D.diggingout26.A.satisfiedwith B.delightedatC.tiredof D.usedto27.A.something B.anythingC.everything D.nothing28.A.party B.clean-upC.picnic D.concert29.A.droppedout B.showedupC.lookedaround D.calledback30.A.demand B.receiveC.achieve D.overcome31.A.plan B.visitC.contact D.difference32.A.crossed B.measuredC.covered D.designed33.A.complain B.talkC.argue D.quarrel34.A.doing B.thinkingaboutC.questioning D.watching35.A.method B.explanationC.example D.research第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Afewyearsago,afteralongmorningofsightseeinginNewYork,mychildrenandItookarestonaparkbenchinCentralPark.“Look!”mysonsaid,36(point)toanearbyrubbishbin.That'swhenwesawourfirstraccoon(浣熊).Quiteathomeinthebigcity,hepaidusnoattention,concentratingonlyonfindinga37(taste)lunch.Hesearchedthroughafewoptionsbeforecomingoutwithawrappedsandwich38(hold)betweenhispaws.

39(surprise),ratherthanrunaway,hejumpeddownandwalkedcasuallytoaspotonthepath,notametrefrom40wesat.Thechildrenwerespellbound,theraccoonprovidingbetter41(entertain)thananymuseum.Heglancedatus,perhapscheckingtosee42wewereabouttostealhislunch.

43delicatefingers,hepeeledbackthelayersofplasticwrapuntilthehalf-eatensandwich44(uncover).

Thenhesurprisedusall.Insteadofstartinghisfood,heturnedtoanearbypoolofwaterand45(dip)hispawsin.Withacasualair,herubbedhispawstogetherunderwaterforamoment,brushedhisfur,thenstartedgracefullypickingathismeal.

9.40.

4.45.

第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你校英語(yǔ)戲劇社正在招募新成員,請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示,用英文給負(fù)責(zé)人Mr.Smith寫一封電子郵件,申請(qǐng)加入。內(nèi)容包括:1.申請(qǐng)理由;2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì);3.表達(dá)愿望。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearMr.Smith,

Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。OnMarch16,2020myleftlegwasinjured.Atthattime,Ithoughtitwasasimpleinjury,butamedicaldoctorlatertoldmethatitwasaseriousfracture(骨折)andthatIwouldhavetobeinbedforthreemonths.Itwasshockingforme.I'dneverspentmorethan8hoursinbedbefore.Iamafull-timesocialworkerandhavemanyprojectsthatrequiremyactiveinvolvement(參加).Ihardlyhadtimetovisitmyhome,butmyfracturedlegstoppedallthings.Ihadtostayathomeforalongtime.Itwasbadandalsogood.Itstoppedallmywork,butitalsogavemeanopportunitytospendtimewithmyselfandmyfamily.Iwassadandworried.HowwouldIspendthreemonthsinbed?Whowouldcareforme?Earlyinmyinjuryandbeforemyoperation,oneofmyfriendsofferedhisroominarentedhouse.Iwasgratefulforhiskindsupport.Hedidallthingsforme.Ididn'thaveanyotherchoices.IrealizedinmymindthatIshouldbepositiveandchangemylifestyleaccordingtothesituation.Itwasnotsosimpleoreasy.Ineededtobemorefocusedandcalm.Ibegantopracticethinkingalone,readbooks,createmorepoemsandtalkwithfriends.Thereweresomanyupsanddownsinmyconfidence.Somanytimesnegativethoughtsbotheredme.Ifeltverysad,butIoftengotsupportfrommyfamilyandfriends.Duringthisdifficultperiod,lotsofgoodthingsalsohappenedtome.IspentsomuchtimewithmyselfthatIhadplentyofopportunitiestoreadsomegoodbooksandimprovemyself,whilereceivinggoodcarefrommyfriendsandfamily.Aftertheoperationonmyleg,IrealizedIneededadditionalcaretorecover,soIhadtostayatKindnessHome,nearmyfamily.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Paragraph1:IdecidedtoorganizeareadinggrouptopassthetimeatKindnessHome.

Paragraph2:Themembersofourreadinggroupalsocaredaboutotherpatients.

單元達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.B8.C9.C10.B11.A12.C13.B14.C15.B16.E17.D18.C19.B20.F21.D22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.B30.C31.D32.C33.A34.A35.C第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)A◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。在西班牙首都馬德里要舉辦名人作品展覽,文章就兩個(gè)方面向我們展示了這次展覽會(huì)的詳細(xì)信息。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分第二段中的Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.可知這次展覽持續(xù)到11May,即5月11日結(jié)束。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分第一段中的RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted.可以得出,從曼徹斯特起飛的是Ryanair。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.可以看出,乘坐出租車花費(fèi)的時(shí)間是機(jī)場(chǎng)快速巴士的一半,即20分鐘,而乘坐地鐵花費(fèi)的時(shí)間是30分鐘,因此可以推斷出乘坐出租車最快到達(dá)。【高頻詞匯】1.slightadj.輕微的;不足道的2.attractiveadj.吸引人的3.rangen.范圍;區(qū)間4.combinev.合并;協(xié)力5.frequentadj.頻繁的B◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間作者一家離開利比里亞,跟隨父親到美國(guó)等待母親畢業(yè),父親在美國(guó)不辭辛苦養(yǎng)家。而后作者在2011年創(chuàng)辦了一家兒童圖書出版公司,并決心報(bào)答父親為她們作出的犧牲。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“SweetwasthewordIrememberedthemostduringthewar...ajourneythatendedinavillagewherewehidfromflyingbullets(子彈)...Myfavoritewordtowritewas‘sweet’,onethathadthepowertonumbtherealityofour6-monthabandonmentbypeaceandcivilization.”可知,作者一家在利比里亞的生活令人害怕但積極。B項(xiàng)“甜蜜且平和”、C項(xiàng)“舒適但無(wú)聊”以及D項(xiàng)“冒險(xiǎn)和刺激”與文章對(duì)作者的生活狀況描述不符。故選A項(xiàng)。5.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sohetookwhateverjobhecouldfindtomakesurewealwayshadfoodonthetable—andbooks.”可知,作者的父親努力工作來(lái)養(yǎng)家。A、B兩項(xiàng)在該段中并未提及。該段中提及“HequicklyfoundthattheeducationhereceivedinLiberiawasnotgoodenoughforanengineeringjobinAmerica.(他很快發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在利比里亞接受的教育不足以勝任美國(guó)的工程工作。)”但是他并沒(méi)有繼續(xù)深造,因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選C項(xiàng)。6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Itprovideschildren'sliteratureforthechildrenofcountrieswithlowliteracy(讀寫能力)ratesandunderrepresentedculturesbypublishingculturallyrelevantbooksthathavesomethingmeaningfultosaytothem.”可知,作者創(chuàng)立兒童圖書出版公司是為了給孩子們提供多元文化的書籍。故選B項(xiàng)。7.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld”可知,作者對(duì)父親為之奮斗的教育表示尊重,并以藝術(shù)回饋社會(huì),所以作者在最后一段想表達(dá)她對(duì)她父親所做犧牲的感謝。此題容易誤選A項(xiàng)“她對(duì)她父親所受苦難的同情”。通過(guò)該段第一句話“Iwillneverbeabletogivemyfatherbackthetwentyyearshespenteducatingus,orthehomeandlifeinLiberiahelost.”可以看出,父親做出了很多犧牲,但作者在此并不是表達(dá)她對(duì)父親所受苦難的同情,字里行間流露出她對(duì)父親的感謝,所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng)“她為自己為人民工作而感到自豪”和D項(xiàng)“她對(duì)利比里亞生活的失望”均與文意不符。故選B項(xiàng)?！靖哳l詞匯】1.panickyadj.恐慌的2.abandonmentn.拋棄3.refugeen.難民4.relevantadj.相關(guān)的5.sacrificen.犧牲長(zhǎng)難句分析原句Irepayhissacrificebyhonoringtheeducationhefoughtforandofferingmyarttotheworld,withstoriesthatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive,andwithwordstoliveby.分析該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中bydoing結(jié)構(gòu)表示“通過(guò)做某事”。第一個(gè)and連接honoring...和offering...,第二個(gè)and連接withstories...和withwords...。定語(yǔ)從句thatmakethehistoriesofmypeoplecomealive修飾stories,動(dòng)詞不定式toliveby作定語(yǔ)修飾words。句意我用使我的人民的歷史鮮活起來(lái)的故事和以此為生的文字來(lái)報(bào)答他的犧牲,以他為之奮斗的教育為榮,并將我的藝術(shù)奉獻(xiàn)給這個(gè)世界。C◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。世界上最大的冰山A68a正向南喬治亞島漂移,估計(jì)30天后會(huì)撞上這個(gè)海島。如果發(fā)生撞擊,將對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐钠簌Z和海豹等野生動(dòng)物構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。8.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ItistravelingatonekilometeranhourandisonthewaytohittingSouthGeorgiainaround30days.”可知,A68a冰山每小時(shí)行進(jìn)1公里,估計(jì)30天后會(huì)撞上南喬治亞島,那么現(xiàn)在兩者間的距離應(yīng)該是720公里左右。故選C。A項(xiàng)“它被另一座冰山撞碎”,D項(xiàng)“它是由于水溫降低而形成的”,文中未提及;B項(xiàng)“它在海上漂浮了不超過(guò)兩年”,由第一段中的“Theworld'slargesticeberg...inJuly,2017.Ithassincefloated...”可知B項(xiàng)中的forlessthan2years表述不對(duì)。9.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“itcouldpreventthepenguinsandsealsfromreachingfoodsupplies.Thatmeanstheyhavetogoalotfurther.”可知,冰山可能會(huì)阻止企鵝和海豹到達(dá)食物供應(yīng)區(qū),它們不得不走更遠(yuǎn)。故選C。10.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要介紹了冰山撞擊海島后可能對(duì)海底的物質(zhì)、海中的磷蝦,以及一些稀有物種造成的影響。故選B。A項(xiàng)“冰山可能繼續(xù)存在的時(shí)間段”;C項(xiàng)“稀有物種無(wú)法存活的可能原因”;D項(xiàng)“冰山可以產(chǎn)生的淡水”。11.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三、四句“Whatwe'reseeingnowisthatthespeedatwhichthisishappeningisincreasing.Andso,thismightbecomemoreofausualthinginthefuture.”可知,冰山從南極洲脫離的速度在增加,在未來(lái),這有可能會(huì)成為普遍的事情。故選A。需要注意的是B、D兩項(xiàng)容易錯(cuò)選,文中說(shuō)的是官員們希望不斷變化的天氣模式能將冰山導(dǎo)向公海,最后在那里它可以破碎、融化?！靖哳l詞匯】1.breakawayfrom脫離;逃脫2.spendsometime(in)doingsth.花時(shí)間做某事3.carefor照顧4.prevent...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事5.disturbv.攪亂;弄亂;妨礙;打擾;干擾6.largeamountsof大量的7.intime最后;及時(shí)8.breakup破碎;結(jié)束9.cutoff切斷長(zhǎng)難句分析原句Rightnow,officialsarehopingthatchangingweatherpatternscoulddirecttheicebergoutintotheopenocean,whereitwould,intime,breakupandmelt.分析本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,其中關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞theopenocean。句意現(xiàn)在,官員們希望不斷變化的天氣模式可以引領(lǐng)冰山出來(lái)進(jìn)入公海中,在那里,它最終將破碎并融化。D◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了黑猩猩在步入晚年時(shí)期時(shí)與人類相似,在社交中往往會(huì)更傾向于積極且有意義的關(guān)系。12.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句中的“butanewstudyfindsthatchimps(黑猩猩)alsohavesimilartendencies”可知,當(dāng)人漸漸老去時(shí),在社交中會(huì)傾向于更積極的關(guān)系,黑猩猩也有相似的趨勢(shì)。由此可推知,隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),黑猩猩會(huì)更專注于有意義的關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。13.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是第一句“Rosatiandhercolleaguesused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.”可推知,Rosati和她的同事們是通過(guò)科學(xué)調(diào)查和觀察黑猩猩來(lái)進(jìn)行研究的。A項(xiàng)“通過(guò)研究其他研究人員提供的數(shù)據(jù)”、C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的計(jì)算機(jī)上建立模型”以及D項(xiàng)“通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)人類和黑猩猩的行為”與文意不符。故選B項(xiàng)。14.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumans...losecompetitivefightingability.”可推知,他們這樣選擇的原因是他們?cè)诹α可鲜チ烁?jìng)爭(zhēng)力。A項(xiàng)“無(wú)法調(diào)節(jié)情緒”、B項(xiàng)“渴望建立更親密的關(guān)系”以及D項(xiàng)“無(wú)法適應(yīng)多變的環(huán)境”與文意不符。故選C項(xiàng)。15.B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,本文從較為專業(yè)的角度介紹了黑猩猩和人類的相似性,即在年歲漸老時(shí)會(huì)選擇積極且更有意義的社交關(guān)系,所以本文應(yīng)來(lái)自大眾科學(xué)雜志。故選B項(xiàng)。【高頻詞匯】1.uniqueadj.獨(dú)特的2.tendencyn.傾向3.interactionn.互動(dòng)4.bondn.紐帶;關(guān)系5.bycontrast相比之下6.competitiveadj.具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的長(zhǎng)難句分析原句Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosecompetitivefightingability.分析該句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。該句的主語(yǔ)為pattern,被過(guò)去分詞shared修飾。定語(yǔ)從句whereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationships修飾response;定語(yǔ)從句thatprovidebenefits修飾relationships;定語(yǔ)從句thathavenegativeconsequences修飾interactions;第二個(gè)and連接focus和avoid;astheylosecompetitivefightingability是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意黑猩猩和人類之間的這種共同模式可能代表了一種適應(yīng)性反應(yīng),即老年人關(guān)注于能帶來(lái)好處的重要社會(huì)關(guān)系,避免有負(fù)面后果的互動(dòng),因?yàn)樗麄兪チ烁?jìng)爭(zhēng)的戰(zhàn)斗能力。第二節(jié)◎語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。環(huán)保就是減少你使用的資源,盡可能地重復(fù)利用物品,回收那些不能重復(fù)利用的物品。作者主要介紹了四點(diǎn)有助于環(huán)保的個(gè)人習(xí)慣。16.E本句為第一段最后一句,起到承上啟下的作用。下文主要介紹了一些環(huán)保的個(gè)人習(xí)慣,故E選項(xiàng)“你可能需要改變你的個(gè)人習(xí)慣?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。17.D結(jié)合后文Notonlydoesitcreatetrash,butitalso...andmostconvenient.可知本段建議隨身帶著可重復(fù)使用的水瓶,而不要買會(huì)產(chǎn)生垃圾和消耗資源的瓶裝水。故D選項(xiàng)“瓶裝水真的對(duì)環(huán)境有害?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。18.C結(jié)合上文Useabackpackthatyoualreadyown,orpurchaseacoupleofreusablebagsfromthecheckoutareaatyourlocalgrocerystore.可知是在建議使用自己已經(jīng)擁有的袋子,本句承接上文說(shuō)明這些能重復(fù)使用的袋子的用途。故C選項(xiàng)“你可以在大多數(shù)商店使用你的可重復(fù)利用的袋子。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。19.B本句為本段小標(biāo)題,根據(jù)其他三個(gè)標(biāo)題的句式特點(diǎn)——都是祈使句,再結(jié)合下文中的Thiswillhelpyoukeeptrashoutofthelandfill.中的landfill可對(duì)應(yīng)到B選項(xiàng)中的fromthelandfill,由此可知,B選項(xiàng)“重復(fù)利用物品,把它們從垃圾填埋場(chǎng)中拯救出來(lái)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選B。20.F結(jié)合下文Forinstance,insteadofplayingonlinevideogamestogether,gotoalocalpart.可知是在建議和朋友在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中一起玩耍,而不是在網(wǎng)上。故F選項(xiàng)“邀請(qǐng)你的朋友在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中與你聯(lián)系。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！靖哳l詞匯】1.skipvt.&vi.跳過(guò)vt.不做,不參加2.purchasevt.&n.購(gòu)買3.landfilln.廢物填埋地4.pursuevt.追求第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)◎語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。作者把約塞米蒂國(guó)家公園當(dāng)作自己的家。當(dāng)作者看到公園里有大量的垃圾時(shí),開始是作者自己撿垃圾,后來(lái)作者組織大家撿垃圾。作者借此告訴我們:改變事情的方法是動(dòng)手去做,而不是抱怨。21.D由空后的3,300feet和下文中的thatgiantrock可知,這塊巖石很大。distant遙遠(yuǎn)的;loose松的;narrow狹窄的;huge巨大的。22.A根據(jù)下文Thathasbeenmylife'spassioneversince可知,從那以后,那是作者一生的鐘愛。所以immediately用在這里表示作者立即知道自己想要攀登這塊巨石,表達(dá)了作者對(duì)這塊巨石以及攀巖的喜愛。immediately立即;finally最終;gradually逐漸地;recently最近。23.D由上文中的climb可知,此處為原詞再現(xiàn),說(shuō)明作者酷愛攀登約塞米蒂的巖石和山脈。24.C由空后的liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes可知,這些屬于垃圾。25.B由空后的trash可知,此處是指“撿”垃圾。throwaway扔掉;pickup撿起,拾起;breakdown出故障;digout挖出。26.C由上文中的onlytofindtrashlyingallovertheareaagainweekslater可知,幾周后作者發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)地方又到處都是垃圾了,因此,作者厭倦了。besatisfiedwith對(duì)……滿意;bedelightedat因……而高興;betiredof厭倦……;beusedtosth.習(xí)慣于某事。27.D由上文可知,作者是一名攀巖向?qū)?由下文中的But及語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知,此處表示作者對(duì)組織任何重大活動(dòng)一無(wú)所知。something某事;anything任何事情;everything每件事;nothing沒(méi)有什么。28.B由下一段中的comefortheclean-up可知,作者和其他登山者定下了一個(gè)清理日。clean-up清理,清掃。29.B由語(yǔ)境可知此處指“出現(xiàn)”。dropout退出,輟學(xué);showup出現(xiàn);lookaround環(huán)顧;callback回電話。30.C由上文Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.可知,三天里他們撿了大約6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者對(duì)于他們的成功感到驚訝。demand要求;receive接受;achieve成功;overcome克服。31.D由下文theparklookedclean可知,作者簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信他們所造成的影響。32.C由空后的132milesofroad